EP0403341A1 - Drehbare Kurzwellen-Dipolantenne - Google Patents

Drehbare Kurzwellen-Dipolantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0403341A1
EP0403341A1 EP90401572A EP90401572A EP0403341A1 EP 0403341 A1 EP0403341 A1 EP 0403341A1 EP 90401572 A EP90401572 A EP 90401572A EP 90401572 A EP90401572 A EP 90401572A EP 0403341 A1 EP0403341 A1 EP 0403341A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dipoles
antenna
beams
mast
rotary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90401572A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0403341B1 (de
Inventor
François Ursenbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0403341A1 publication Critical patent/EP0403341A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0403341B1 publication Critical patent/EP0403341B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to antennas comprising a rotary support on which is mounted at least one vertical array of radiating dipoles and at least one vertical reflector formed of wires.
  • Such antennas are known and are used in HF. In the case of two dipole networks, these antennas most often have only one supply line which generally passes through the support and supplies one or the other of the two networks by means of a switching assembly.
  • the firing angle in azimuth of the known antennas is easily adjustable, in any direction, by rotation of the support; the firing angle in elevation and the antenna configuration can be adjustable by means of switching devices making it possible to connect, as desired, all or part of the dipoles of the same dipole network.
  • the dipole arrays are formed of whole-wave wire dipoles made of conductive wires held between beams of the support by arrangements of cables, insulators, counterweights, pulleys, etc.
  • the dipoles are arranged in a sort of curtain stretched, in a vertical plane, between beams of the support.
  • This curtain which comprises the dipoles of a network, has a bulk greater than the overall dimensions of all the dipoles of the network. Under the effect of the wind, the curtain deforms, causing, in particular, variations in the input impedance of the antenna and mechanical problems; it follows that the known rotary antennas are unusable from wind speeds always much lower than the maximum speed for which the stability of the antenna is ensured.
  • This curtain which is used for positioning dipoles also have other drawbacks: it is highly stressed by the loads formed by frost deposits; it makes delicate the operations which consist in hoisting or lowering the rotary antenna as well as the interventions in the curtain.
  • the reflective curtain or curtains of known rotary antennas generally consist of a single ply formed of horizontal wires and overhead lines, and this ply is held only from above and from below. Again, the climatic conditions cause deformations which can affect the functioning of the antenna.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid or at least reduce these drawbacks. This is obtained, in particular, by a different choice of the type of dipoles used and by a different way of positioning these dipoles.
  • a rotary dipole antenna for HF waves having a rotary support which comprises a metallic structure and cables, n, where n is a positive integer, networks of dipoles carried by the support and at most n reflectors vertical planes, made up of horizontal wires, each associated with at least one of the n networks, characterized in that the dipoles are rigid half-wave dipoles and in that the dipoles are fixed directly to the structure.
  • the rotary antenna which will be described below comprises two arrays of half-wave dipoles, that is to say of dipoles formed by two quarter-wave strands, and a set of switches for connecting one or the other of the two networks supplying the antenna.
  • the antenna is a low range antenna 4/4 / 0.5 - 6/7/9/11 MHz or a high range antenna 4/4 / 0.75 - 13/15/17/21 / 26 MHz; it is recalled that, according to the international electrical definition of antennas, for example the designation 4/4 / 0.5 - 6/7/9/11 MHz corresponds to an antenna intended to operate in the bands of 6, 7, 9 and 11 MHz (which gives about half a wavelength of 18 m at the central operating frequency of 7.7 MHz) and having 4 groups of 4 superimposed half-wave dipoles, the difference between two groups being equal to the half wavelength at the center frequency and the lowest group being at a distance from the ground equal to 0.5 times this wavelength.
  • the rotary antenna which is shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a central mast, 1, with a base 10; the mast rises 81 meters above the ground.
  • the mast rises 81 meters above the ground.
  • FIG. 1 only the part of the antenna situated to the left of the mast 1 has been fully represented for problems of space in the drawing and above all to allow the appearance, on the right of the mast, of the appearance of certain elements of the antenna.
  • horizontal beams P1-P8, Q3-Q8 are arranged in pairs. At one of their ends, these beams are articulated around a horizontal axis, such as A, integral with the mast 1; they are, in addition, guyed at mast 1 by guy wires such as H.
  • the beams P1-P8 concern the network of half-wave dipoles of the low range antenna and the heights above the ground are 72, 54, 36 and 18 meters respectively for beams P1-P2, P3-P4, P5-P6 and P7-P8.
  • the beams P5-P6 also relate to the half-wave dipole network of the high range antenna and that the beams P5 -P6, Q3-Q4, Q5-Q6, Q7-Q8 relating to the range antenna high are respectively 36, 28, 20 and 12 meters from the ground.
  • two rigid half-wave dipoles such as the dipoles D or E, of the low and / or high range antenna concerned by the beam are fixed; the difference between the four dipoles of the same network located on the same pair of beams is equal to half the wavelength at the central frequency of use of the antenna considered, that is to say equal 18 meters for the low range antenna and 8 meters for the high range antenna; moreover, these four dipoles are arranged symmetrically with respect to the mast 1.
  • the half-wave dipoles are arranged at one end of a horizontal metal arm such as the arm Bd for the dipole. D and the Be arm for the dipole E; the other end of the arm is integral with the beam like the arm Bd with the beam P7 and the arm Be with the beam Q5; the length of the metal arms was taken a little more than a quarter of the wavelength, at the central working frequency of the dipole carried by the arm in question.
  • the rotary antenna according to FIGS. 1 and 2 further comprises two reflective planes, Rb, Rh, made of horizontal conducting wires of which only a part has been shown in FIG. 1; in FIG. 2, the planes Rb and Rh have been symbolized by two lines in dashed lines which correspond to the trace of these reflective planes in the plane of the figure.
  • the wires of these reflecting planes are fixed at one of their ends to the mast 1.
  • the wires of the reflective planes are fixed, at their other end, to a lateral catenary, that is to say to a lateral cable such cables K2 and L1; this catenary is coupled to the ends of several beams, this is how the catenary K2 is fixed to the end of the beam P1, slides in an opening made in the ends of the beams P3, P5, P7 and is tensioned by a weight such as the weight Kp; similarly the catenary L1 is coupled to the beams P3, P5, Q3, Q5, Q7.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 also appear holding bars, such as Md and Ne, which are conventional vertical supports making it possible to maintain the system of two-wire lines intended to supply the dipoles.
  • FIG. 2 moreover, appear two switching devices C1, C2 mounted on the mast 1 and intended respectively to control the supply of the half-wave dipoles of the low range antenna and of the high range antenna, this supply being provided by a line, not visible in the figures, which passes inside the mast 1.
  • Figure 3 is a partial view, more detailed than Figure 2, which is located at the beams Q5, P7.
  • the geometrical axis of the mast has been shown in center lines and the reflecting curtains, Rb and Rh, have been shown in broken lines.
  • - arms Bd, Be - bars Md, Ne - steps S, S ′ and T which respectively line the beam P7, the arm Bd and the beam Q5 and which allow a technician to intervene in the antenna - U and V guardrails which ensure the safety of the technician working on the antenna - two-wire lines, such as Jd and Je, maintained by insulators on the vertical uprights of the guardrails.
  • antenna characteristics are given below which correspond, the first, to the rotary antenna with rigid half-wave dipoles which has just been described and, the second, to a conventional rotary antenna designed and produced at using full-wave wire dipoles to be switched, like the rotary antenna described, either as a 4/4 / 0.5 - 6/7/9/11 MHz antenna or as a 4/4 / 0.75 - 13 antenna / 14/17/21/26 MHz: - extreme longitudinal wind speed (within the meaning of the French "snow and wind" rules of June 1980) at 10 m from the ground: 184 km / h for the two rotary antennas - maximum wind speed at 10 m from the ground, at which the antenna can operate: 100 km / h instead of 80 km / h with the conventional antenna, - maximum wind speed at 80 m from the ground, at which the antenna can still operate: 131 km / h instead of 105 km / h - total weight of the rotating antenna: 2000 kN, 1800 kN
  • the present invention is not limited to the example described, thus it also applies to the case where the rotary antenna is not a double antenna but a single antenna, that is to say to a single network of rigid half-wave dipoles. It also applies to the case where the rotary antenna comprises three and more dipole arrays, distributed, for example, in the case of three arrays, around a support with horizontal section in the shape of an equilateral triangle with each side affected. to a network of rigid dipoles and to a reflector but, in this case the networks would no longer be supported by horizontal beams mechanically coupled to a central mast. It is also possible to produce, within the framework of the invention, rotary antennas not comprising devices for switching rigid dipoles and, when these devices exist, they can be arranged differently than in the example described, by example at the foot of the mast.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to rotary antennas intended for transmitting in HF.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
EP90401572A 1989-06-13 1990-06-08 Drehbare Kurzwellen-Dipolantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0403341B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8907786A FR2648279B1 (fr) 1989-06-13 1989-06-13 Antenne rotative a dipoles
FR8907786 1989-06-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0403341A1 true EP0403341A1 (de) 1990-12-19
EP0403341B1 EP0403341B1 (de) 1994-08-10

Family

ID=9382650

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90401572A Expired - Lifetime EP0403341B1 (de) 1989-06-13 1990-06-08 Drehbare Kurzwellen-Dipolantenne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5146233A (de)
EP (1) EP0403341B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2018711A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69011425T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2648279B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0524045A1 (de) * 1991-07-19 1993-01-20 Thomson-Csf Kurzwellenantenne mit reduzierter Windbelastung
GB2269702A (en) * 1992-08-13 1994-02-16 Abb Patent Gmbh Short-wave curtain-type transmitting aerial

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2683678B1 (fr) * 1991-08-28 1994-11-04 Telefunken Sendertechnik Rideau d'antenne, en particulier rideau de dipoles d'une antenne pour ondes decametriques.
FR2711289B1 (fr) * 1993-10-15 1995-12-15 Thomson Csf Ensemble de radiodiffusion comportant une antenne rotative à dipôles rigides et joint rotatif conçu pour cet ensemble.
FR2711290B1 (fr) * 1993-10-15 1995-12-15 Thomson Csf Ensemble de radiodiffusion comportant une antenne rotative à dipôles filaires et joint rotatif conçu pour cet ensemble.
US5541614A (en) * 1995-04-04 1996-07-30 Hughes Aircraft Company Smart antenna system using microelectromechanically tunable dipole antennas and photonic bandgap materials
US5943223A (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-08-24 Reliance Electric Industrial Company Electric switches for reducing on-state power loss
CN102544762B (zh) * 2012-01-17 2014-03-12 陕西海通天线有限责任公司 适合近中远通信距离使用的全向短波高增益天线阵

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH256371A (de) * 1945-03-24 1948-08-15 Lorenz C Ag Richtantennenanordnung für Ultrakurzwellen.
US2577469A (en) * 1946-05-18 1951-12-04 Rca Corp Antenna
EP0002233A1 (de) * 1977-11-24 1979-06-13 BROWN, BOVERI & CIE Aktiengesellschaft Mannheim Kurzwellen-Drehantennen-Stand
FR2520575A1 (fr) * 1982-01-26 1983-07-29 Thomson Brandt Gmbh Circuit d'alimentation d'un tube luminescent

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2429653A (en) * 1940-03-01 1947-10-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Antenna mounting system
US2558727A (en) * 1942-07-01 1951-07-03 Edwin J Bernet Antenna
US2870443A (en) * 1953-04-15 1959-01-20 Leonard J Lynch Television antenna
DE1050397B (de) * 1954-08-25
US3165817A (en) * 1962-09-10 1965-01-19 Grady L Teague Method of making a collapsible antenna of wire mesh
FR2594602B1 (fr) * 1986-02-18 1988-05-13 Thomson Csf Antenne rideau rotative
FR2620575B1 (fr) * 1987-09-11 1990-03-02 Thomson Csf Antenne pour ondes decametriques, a dipoles et reflecteur forme de fils

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH256371A (de) * 1945-03-24 1948-08-15 Lorenz C Ag Richtantennenanordnung für Ultrakurzwellen.
US2577469A (en) * 1946-05-18 1951-12-04 Rca Corp Antenna
EP0002233A1 (de) * 1977-11-24 1979-06-13 BROWN, BOVERI & CIE Aktiengesellschaft Mannheim Kurzwellen-Drehantennen-Stand
FR2520575A1 (fr) * 1982-01-26 1983-07-29 Thomson Brandt Gmbh Circuit d'alimentation d'un tube luminescent

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
AP-S INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM 1988, ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, Syracuse, NY, 6-10 juin 1988, vol. II, pages 816-819, IEEE, New York, US; H. KAWAKAMI et al.: "Metal-bar supported full-wave dipole antennas (four-bay) with screen-type reflector plate" *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0524045A1 (de) * 1991-07-19 1993-01-20 Thomson-Csf Kurzwellenantenne mit reduzierter Windbelastung
FR2679383A1 (fr) * 1991-07-19 1993-01-22 Thomson Csf Antenne en ondes decametriques, a prise au vent reduite.
GB2269702A (en) * 1992-08-13 1994-02-16 Abb Patent Gmbh Short-wave curtain-type transmitting aerial
GB2269702B (en) * 1992-08-13 1995-10-18 Abb Patent Gmbh Short-wave curtain-type transmitting aerial

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69011425D1 (de) 1994-09-15
FR2648279A1 (fr) 1990-12-14
CA2018711A1 (en) 1990-12-13
FR2648279B1 (fr) 1991-11-29
US5146233A (en) 1992-09-08
EP0403341B1 (de) 1994-08-10
DE69011425T2 (de) 1994-12-15

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