EP0401311A1 - Process and mould for casting shafts. - Google Patents

Process and mould for casting shafts.

Info

Publication number
EP0401311A1
EP0401311A1 EP89907655A EP89907655A EP0401311A1 EP 0401311 A1 EP0401311 A1 EP 0401311A1 EP 89907655 A EP89907655 A EP 89907655A EP 89907655 A EP89907655 A EP 89907655A EP 0401311 A1 EP0401311 A1 EP 0401311A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
model
parts
seal
projecting part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89907655A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0401311B1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Tanner
Konrad Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Von Roll AG
Original Assignee
Von Roll AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Von Roll AG filed Critical Von Roll AG
Priority to AT89907655T priority Critical patent/ATE83412T1/en
Publication of EP0401311A1 publication Critical patent/EP0401311A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0401311B1 publication Critical patent/EP0401311B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for casting waves, in particular slim waves, which also have projecting parts, especially eccentric, bearing and cam parts, which are cast to achieve certain material properties by means of at least one mold placed in the mold, and a casting mold Execution of the procedure.
  • molded waves are today lt in large numbers hergestel, particularly in the form of camshafts, 'which are required in the construction of internal combustion engines.
  • camshafts are made of steel, while cast camshafts are preferred for vehicle engines.
  • the invention relates to the field of cast shafts which are manufactured in large numbers.
  • Cast camshafts should be inexpensive and still have a high quality in terms of wear resistance and damping.
  • the processing effort should be as small as possible, which means that material additions must be aimed for that do not go beyond what is required as grinding allowance.
  • sand molds hergestel lt, wherein for attainment of certain material properties of the bearing parts and the cam molds or Schreckschaien be inserted .
  • the mold is usually in two parts and the mold is separated along the longitudinal axis of the camshaft. Accordingly, the model is also formed in two parts and the mold halves are molded together with the mold halves together with the molds.
  • the mold or the parts of the model interacting with the mold are provided in whole or alternatively with which the penetration of sand into the mold cavity and during casting of the mold during the production of the mold the occurrence of defects on the circumferential surface of the projecting parts and additions of material to the projecting parts are avoided.
  • the circumferential surfaces of the model of the shaft corresponding to the projecting parts of the shaft corresponding projecting parts of the shaft sealing means are arranged with which the gap between the model and the mold is closed. This ensures that no molding sand gets into the space between the mold and the model and can then lead to surface defects or defects in the cast camshaft.
  • the part of the mold which forms the peripheral surface of the projecting parts is expediently provided with a weapon-shaped corrugation. It is thereby achieved that the surface on the projecting part is improved, which is essential by preventing the formation of ice flowers, cold welding spots and other surface defects.
  • the model division for the Kokil le can be placed at the height of the vertical tangent point of the above game. It is thereby achieved that otherwise material additions occur in the shape division in the plane of the longitudinal axis of the shaft, for the removal of which additional machining work must be used.
  • Fig. 1 a view, partly in section, of a model plate with a model of a camshaft mounted thereon and molds attached to protruding parts of the camshaft
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic spatial representation of a mold package with three molds
  • Fig. 3 shows a vertical section of a two-part mold in the area of two opposing molds.
  • the in Fig. 1 shown model shows a part of the model of a shaft 1 with protruding parts 2, 3, U.
  • the protruding parts 2, 3, 4 are cams, which are used on the finished Nockenwel le to control the intake and exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine.
  • the one on the wave model The above-mentioned parts 5, 6 are, for example, bearing parts which have a larger diameter than the basic diameter 7 of the willow model 1 and which are shaped in the casting mold by molding sand.
  • the above sections 5, 6 are sections with a circular diameter, but which is larger than the basic diameter 7 of the shaft of the model 1, or the camshaft.
  • molds 8, 9, 10 made of metal are placed, which form parts of the mold during the production of the casting mold.
  • the molds 8, 9, 10 can be individual molds, as shown in FIG. 1, but they can also be part of a mold package 12, see FIG. 2, in which the molds 8, 9, 10 are connected to one another by a web 14.
  • the first task is the need to prevent the appearance of surface defects or defects on the protruding parts of the camshaft designed as cam disks; because when the cast camshaft is finished, a faultless surface should be obtained after removing the material addition.
  • the sealing means 16 can be designed differently. They are arranged on the above parts so that at most one small, uncovered model part 17 remains. This uncovered model oil section should not exceed about 2 mm.
  • the sealing means are two O-rings 18 made of a relatively soft elastomer.
  • the sealing means is a flat seal 19, which is also made of a relatively soft elastomer.
  • the sealant is a lip seal 20. As with the O-ring seal 18, two such lip seals 20 are used to close the gap 15 at both ends.
  • the sealing means 16 are also removed when the model is removed.
  • Fig. 2 shows that the molds 8, 9, 10 are part of a mold package, which, however, need not be limited to three molds, but can also include further molds.
  • the advantage of using a mold package is that handling when molding the mold is made easier.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a further measure with which material additions can be avoided.
  • the model 1, which is used for the production of the mold, which is usually in two parts, is also produced as a two-part model, with one half each being attached to a model plate.
  • the plane is usually through Longitudinal axis 22 of the camshaft selected.
  • two mold halves 23, 24 are shown for the two mold halves, which are used as a mold for the production of one of the above-mentioned parts 2, 3, 4. Since these protruding parts are generally cams that have an eccentric part that is not in the parting plane 21, the upper mold half 23 must have an inner contour 25 at this point, which enables the mold half to be placed on the model.
  • the lower mold half 24 is therefore given an inner contour 26.
  • these two contour parts 25, 26 of the inner contour of the mold deviate from the outer contour 27 of the cam disc, so that a relatively large amount of material is added during casting.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Mechanical Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

Sur le modèle (1) d'un arbre, des moyens d'étanchéité (16) sont disposés sur les parties en saillie (2, 3, 4), entourées par une coquille (8, 9, 10), de telle façon que l'intervalle (15) ainsi ménagé soit protégé contre toute pénétration de grains de sable. Ceci permet de réduire, dans une large mesure, les défauts en surface sur l'arbre moulé.On the model (1) of a shaft, sealing means (16) are arranged on the protruding parts (2, 3, 4), surrounded by a shell (8, 9, 10), so that the gap (15) thus formed is protected against any penetration of grains of sand. This greatly reduces surface defects on the cast shaft.

Description

Verfahren und Ciessform zum dessen von Wellen Process and mold for the wave
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Ciessen von Wellen , insbesondere schlanken Wellen , die zudem vorspringende Partien , vor allem Exzenter- , Lager- und Nockenpartien aufweisen , welche zur Erreichung bestimmter Materialeigenschaften mittels mindestens einer in die Ciessform eingelegten Kokille abgegossen werden , und eine Giessform zur Durchführung des Verfahrens .The invention relates to a method for casting waves, in particular slim waves, which also have projecting parts, especially eccentric, bearing and cam parts, which are cast to achieve certain material properties by means of at least one mold placed in the mold, and a casting mold Execution of the procedure.
Schlanke , gegossene Wellen werden heute in grossen Stückzahlen hergestel lt , insbesondere in der Form von Nockenwellen ,' die beim Bau von Verbrennungsmotoren benötigt werden . Bei grossen Verbrennungsmotoren werden die Nockenwel len aus Stahl hergestel lt, während für Fahrzeugmotoren gegossene Nockenwellen bevorzugt werden .Sleek, molded waves are today lt in large numbers hergestel, particularly in the form of camshafts, 'which are required in the construction of internal combustion engines. In large internal combustion engines, the camshafts are made of steel, while cast camshafts are preferred for vehicle engines.
Die Erfindung betrifft das Gebiet gegossener Wellen , die in grossen Stückzahlen hergestellt werden . Gegossene Nockenwellen sollen preisgünstig sein und trotzdem eine hohe Qualität bezüglich der Verschleissfestigkeit und der Dämpfung aufweisen . Andererseits sol l der Bearbeitungsaufwand möglichst klein sein , was soviel bedeutet, dass Materialzugaben angestrebt werden müssen , die nicht über das Mass hinausgehen , welches als Schleifzugabe erforderlich ist. Zum ' Abgiessen solcher Nockenwellen werden Sandformen hergestel lt , wobei zur Erreichung bestimmter Materialeigenschaften an den Lagerpartien und an den Nocken Kokillen oder Schreckschaien eingelegt werden . Gewöhnlich ist die Ciessform zweiteilig und die Formtrennung erfolgt in der Längsachse der Nockenwelle. Dementsprechend ist auch das Modell zweiteilig ausgebildet und die Formhälften werden mit den Modellhälften zusammen mit den Kokillen abgeformt.The invention relates to the field of cast shafts which are manufactured in large numbers. Cast camshafts should be inexpensive and still have a high quality in terms of wear resistance and damping. On the other hand, the processing effort should be as small as possible, which means that material additions must be aimed for that do not go beyond what is required as grinding allowance. For 'pouring of such camshafts sand molds hergestel lt, wherein for attainment of certain material properties of the bearing parts and the cam molds or Schreckschaien be inserted . The mold is usually in two parts and the mold is separated along the longitudinal axis of the camshaft. Accordingly, the model is also formed in two parts and the mold halves are molded together with the mold halves together with the molds.
Diese Herstellungsart der Giessfor en hat sich im wesentlichen bewährt. Allerdings gelingt es hierbei nicht, so kleine Materialzugaben einzuhalten , wie dies im Interesse einer weiteren Verringerung des Arbeitsaufwandes bei der spanenden Endbearbeitung verlangt wird .This way of producing the casting molds has essentially proven itself. However, it is not possible to keep to the small amounts of material that are required in the interest of further reducing the amount of work involved in machining.
Hier setzt die Erfindung ein , der die Aufgabe zugrundeliegt , ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art so weiter auszugestalten , dass die Materialzugaben gegenüber denjenigen nach dem bisherigen Verfahren verringert werden können , dass aber gleichzeitig die beim Abgϊessen der Form entstehenden Mängel an der Oberfläche des gegossenen Werkstückes , insbesondere im Bereich der Kokillen ebenfalls verringert oder ganz eliminiert werden .This is where the invention comes in, which is based on the object of further developing a method of the type described at the outset in such a way that the material additions can be reduced compared to those by the previous method, but at the same time the defects on the surface of the cast workpiece which arise when the mold is cast , especially in the mold area, can also be reduced or eliminated entirely.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäss der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass an der Kokille bzw. an den mit der Kokille zusammenwirkenden Partien des Modells Mittel gesamthaft oder wahlweise vorgesehen werden , mit denen bei der Herstellung der Giessform das Eindringen von Sand in den Kokillenhohlraum und beim Abgiessen der Giessform das Entstehen von Fehlern an der umfangsertigen Oberfläche der vorspringenden Partien sowie Materialzugaben an den vorspringenden Partien vermieden werden . Zweckmässig werden an den , den vorspringenden Partien der Welle entsprechenden vorspringenden Partien des Modells der Welle auf ihren Umfangsf l chen Dichtungsmittel angeordnet, mit denen der Spalt zwischen dem Modell und der Kokille geschlossen wird. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass kein Formsand in den Zwischenraum zwischen Kokille und Modell gelangen und anschliessend bei der gegossenen Nockenwel le zu Oberflächen-Fehlern bzw. -Defekten führen kann .This object is achieved according to the invention in that the mold or the parts of the model interacting with the mold are provided in whole or alternatively with which the penetration of sand into the mold cavity and during casting of the mold during the production of the mold the occurrence of defects on the circumferential surface of the projecting parts and additions of material to the projecting parts are avoided. Appropriately, on the circumferential surfaces of the model of the shaft corresponding to the projecting parts of the shaft corresponding projecting parts of the shaft sealing means are arranged with which the gap between the model and the mold is closed. This ensures that no molding sand gets into the space between the mold and the model and can then lead to surface defects or defects in the cast camshaft.
Zweckmässig wird der die Umfangsfläche der vorstehenden Partien bildende Teil der Kokille mit einer waffeiförmigen Riffelung versehen . Dadurch wird erreicht, dass die Oberfläche an der vorstehenden Partie verbessert wird , wesentlich ist , indem die Eisblumenbildung , Kaltschweissstellen und weitere Oberflächendefekte verhindert werden . Zusätzlich kann die Modellteilung für die Kokil le auf die Höhe des senkrechten Tangentenpunktes der vorstehenden Partie gelegt werden . Dadurch wird erreicht , dass sonst bei der Formteilung in der Ebene der Längsachse der Welle Materialzugaben entstehen , für deren Entfernung zusätzliche Zerspanungsarbeit aufgewendet werden muss .The part of the mold which forms the peripheral surface of the projecting parts is expediently provided with a weapon-shaped corrugation. It is thereby achieved that the surface on the projecting part is improved, which is essential by preventing the formation of ice flowers, cold welding spots and other surface defects. In addition, the model division for the Kokil le can be placed at the height of the vertical tangent point of the above game. It is thereby achieved that otherwise material additions occur in the shape division in the plane of the longitudinal axis of the shaft, for the removal of which additional machining work must be used.
Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung in einigen Ausführungsformen dargestellt und wird nachfolgend beschrieben . Es zeigen :The invention is shown in the drawing in some embodiments and is described below. Show it :
Fig . , eine Ansicht , teilweise im Schnitt , einer Model lpiatte mit darauf montiertem Modell einer Nockenwel le und aufgesetzten Kokillen an vorstehenden Partien der Nockenwelle ,Fig. 1, a view, partly in section, of a model plate with a model of a camshaft mounted thereon and molds attached to protruding parts of the camshaft,
Fig . 2 eine schematische räumliche Darstellung eines Kokillenpaketes mit drei Kokillen undFig. 2 shows a schematic spatial representation of a mold package with three molds and
Fig . 3 einen Vertikalschnitt einer zweiteiligen Giessform im Bereich zweier gegenüberliegender Kokillen .Fig. 3 shows a vertical section of a two-part mold in the area of two opposing molds.
Das in Fig . 1 dargestellte Modell zeigt einen Teil des Modells einer Welle 1 mit vorstehenden Partien 2 , 3 , U. Die vorstehenden Partien 2 , 3 , 4 sind hierbei Kurvenscheiben , die an der fertigen Nockenwel le zur Steuerung von Einlass- und Auslassventilen eines Verbrennungsmotors verwendet werden . Die am Wellenmodell dargestellten vorstehenden Partien 5 , 6 sind beispielsweise Lagerpartϊen, die einen gegenüber dem Grunddurchmesser 7 des Weifenmodells 1 einen grösseren Durchmesser aufweisen und die in der Giessform durch Formsand geformt sind. Die vorstehenden Partien 5 , 6 sind Partien mit einem kreisrunden Durchmesser, der jedoch grösser ist als der Grunddurchmesser 7 der Welle des Modells 1 , bzw. der Nockenwelle.The in Fig. 1 shown model shows a part of the model of a shaft 1 with protruding parts 2, 3, U. The protruding parts 2, 3, 4 are cams, which are used on the finished Nockenwel le to control the intake and exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine. The one on the wave model The above-mentioned parts 5, 6 are, for example, bearing parts which have a larger diameter than the basic diameter 7 of the willow model 1 and which are shaped in the casting mold by molding sand. The above sections 5, 6 are sections with a circular diameter, but which is larger than the basic diameter 7 of the shaft of the model 1, or the camshaft.
Auf den vorstehenden Partien 2 , 3 , 4 sind Kokillen 8 , 9 , 10 aus Metall aufgesetzt, die bei der Herstellung der Giessform Teile der Giessform bilden . Die Kokillen 8 , 9 , 1 0 können einzelne Kokillen sein , wie dies in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, jedoch können Sie auch als Tei l eines Kokillenpaketes 12 , siehe Fig . 2 , ausgebildet sein , bei dem die Kokillen 8 , 9 , 10 durch einen Steg 14 miteinander verbunden sind.On the above parts 2, 3, 4, molds 8, 9, 10 made of metal are placed, which form parts of the mold during the production of the casting mold. The molds 8, 9, 10 can be individual molds, as shown in FIG. 1, but they can also be part of a mold package 12, see FIG. 2, in which the molds 8, 9, 10 are connected to one another by a web 14.
Zwischen der Innenkontur der Kokillen 8 , 9 , 10 und der Aussenkontur der vorstehenden Partien 2 , 3 , 4 muss ein bestimmtes Spiel 15 eingehalten werden , das bei der Kokille 2 vergrössert dargestellt ist. Durch diesen Zwischenraum zwischen der vorstehenden Partie und der Kokille können Sandkörner eindringen , welche anschliessend bei der gegossenen Nockenwelle zu Oberflächen-Fehlern oder -Defekten führen können.Between the inner contour of the molds 8, 9, 10 and the outer contour of the above parts 2, 3, 4, a certain play 15 must be maintained, which is shown enlarged in the mold 2. Grains of sand can penetrate through this space between the projecting part and the mold, which can subsequently lead to surface defects or defects in the cast camshaft.
Da es ein wesentliches Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, die Materϊalzugaben zu minimalisieren , stellt sich deshalb als erste Aufgabe die Notwendigkeit, das Entstehen von Oberflächen-Fehlern oder -Defekten an den den als Kurvenscheiben ausgebildeten vorstehenden Partien der Nockenwelle zu verhindern ; denn bei der Fertigbearbeitung der gegossenen Nockenwelle soll nach Entfernen der Materialzugabe eine fehlerfreie Oberfläche erhalten werden .Since it is an essential aim of the present invention to minimize the material additions, the first task is the need to prevent the appearance of surface defects or defects on the protruding parts of the camshaft designed as cam disks; because when the cast camshaft is finished, a faultless surface should be obtained after removing the material addition.
Es hat sich überraschend gezeigt, dass die an den Kurvenscheiben auftretenden Oberflächen-Fehler weitgehend vermieden werden können , wenn im Wel lenmodel l 1 an den vorstehenden Partien Dichtungsmittel 16 vorgesehen werden , mit denen der durch das Spiel 15 entstehende Zwischenraum zwischen der Aussenkontur der vorstehenden Partien 2 , 3 , 4 und der Innenkontur der Kokillen 8 , 9 , 10 geschlossen wird.It has surprisingly been found that the surface defects occurring on the cam disks are largely avoided can, if in Wel lenmodel l 1 sealing means 16 are provided with which the gap created by the game 15 between the outer contour of the above parts 2, 3, 4 and the inner contour of the molds 8, 9, 10 is closed.
Die Dichtungsmittel 16 können hierbei verschieden ausgebildet sein . Sie werden so an den vorstehenden Partien angeordnet, dass höchstens eine kleine, unbedeckte Modellpartie 17 stehenbleibt. Diese unbedeckte Model lpartie soll höchstens etwa 2 mm betragen .The sealing means 16 can be designed differently. They are arranged on the above parts so that at most one small, uncovered model part 17 remains. This uncovered model oil section should not exceed about 2 mm.
Bei der Kokille 8 sind die Dichtungsmittel zwei O-Ringe 18 aus einem verhältnismässig weichen Elastomer. Bei der Kokille 9 ist das Dichtungsmittel eine Flachdichtung 19 , die ebenfalls aus einem verhältnismässig weichen Elastomer hergestellt ist. Bei der Kokille 1 0 ist das Dichtungsmittel eine Lippendichtung 20. Wie bei der O-Ringdichtung 18 werden zwei solcher Lippendichtungen 20 verwendet, um den Spalt 15 an beiden Enden abzuschliessen.In the mold 8, the sealing means are two O-rings 18 made of a relatively soft elastomer. In the mold 9, the sealing means is a flat seal 19, which is also made of a relatively soft elastomer. In the mold 10, the sealant is a lip seal 20. As with the O-ring seal 18, two such lip seals 20 are used to close the gap 15 at both ends.
Nach dem Abformen des Modells werden mit dem Entfernen desselben auch die Dichtungsmittel 16 entfernt.After the model has been molded, the sealing means 16 are also removed when the model is removed.
In Fig . 2 ist dargestel lt , dass die Koki llen 8 , 9 , 1 0 Teil eines Kokillenpaketes sind , das jedoch nicht auf drei Kokillen beschränkt sein muss , sondern auch weitere Kokillen umfassen kann . Der Vorteil bei der Verwendung eines Kokillenpaketes besteht darin , dass die Handhabung beim Abformen der Giessform erleichtert wird .In Fig. 2 shows that the molds 8, 9, 10 are part of a mold package, which, however, need not be limited to three molds, but can also include further molds. The advantage of using a mold package is that handling when molding the mold is made easier.
In Fig . 3 ist eine weitere Massnahme schematisch dargestellt, mit welcher Materialzugaben vermieden werden können . Das Model l , das für die Herstellung der gewöhnlich zweiteilig ausgebildeten Giessform verwendet wird , wird ebenfal ls als zweiteiliges Modell hergestellt , wobei je eine Hälfte auf einer Model lplatte befestigt ist. Als Trennfläche 21 wird gewöhnlich die Ebene durch die Längsachse 22 der Nockenwelle gewählt. In Fig . 3 sind zwei Kokillenhälften 23 , 24 für die beiden Giessformhälften dargestellt, die als Form für die Hersteilung einer der genannten vorstehenden Partien 2 , 3 , 4 eingesetzt werden. Da diese vorstehenden Partien im aligemeinen Kurvenscheiben sind , die eine exzentrische Partie aufweisen , die nicht in der Trennebene 21 liegt, muss die obere Kokillenhälfte 23 an dieser Stelle eine innenkontur 25 aufweisen , die das Aufsetzen der Kokilfenhälfte auf das Modell ermöglicht. Die untere Kokillenhälfte 24 erhält deshalb eine Innenkontur 26. Diese beiden Konturpartien 25, 26 der Innenkontur der Kokille weichen jedoch von der Aussenkontur 27 der Kurvenscheibe ab, so dass hier beim Abgiessen eine verhältnismässig grosse Materialzugabe entsteht.In Fig. 3 schematically shows a further measure with which material additions can be avoided. The model 1, which is used for the production of the mold, which is usually in two parts, is also produced as a two-part model, with one half each being attached to a model plate. As the interface 21, the plane is usually through Longitudinal axis 22 of the camshaft selected. In Fig. 3, two mold halves 23, 24 are shown for the two mold halves, which are used as a mold for the production of one of the above-mentioned parts 2, 3, 4. Since these protruding parts are generally cams that have an eccentric part that is not in the parting plane 21, the upper mold half 23 must have an inner contour 25 at this point, which enables the mold half to be placed on the model. The lower mold half 24 is therefore given an inner contour 26. However, these two contour parts 25, 26 of the inner contour of the mold deviate from the outer contour 27 of the cam disc, so that a relatively large amount of material is added during casting.
Diese Materiaizugabe kann dadurch vermieden werden, dass die Trennfläche aus der Ebene durch die Längsachse 22 der Nockenwelle parallel soweit verlegt wird , dass diese Trennfläche 28 den Punkt 29 der Kurvenscheibenkontur mit einer senkrechten Tangente schneidet. Auf diese Weise kann die verhältnismässig grosse Materiaizugabe, welche durch die beiden Innenkonturpartien 25 , 26 der beiden Kokϊllenhälften 32 , 24 entsteht , vermieden werden .This addition of material can be avoided in that the separating surface is laid out of the plane through the longitudinal axis 22 of the camshaft in parallel so far that this separating surface 28 intersects the point 29 of the cam disc contour with a vertical tangent. In this way, the relatively large addition of material, which arises from the two inner contour portions 25, 26 of the two halves of the mold 32, 24, can be avoided.
Bei der Verwendung von Kokillen ist es bekannt, dass an der Oberfläche des Gussstückes Fliessfiguren , sogenannte Eisblumenbildung , entstehen können. Ein anderer in der Nähe der Oberfläche von Gussstücken entstehender Fehler stellt eine sogenannte Kaltschweissstelle dar. Die genannten Fehler verlangen deshalb eine bestimmte Mindestzugabe beim Giessen , damit sie bei der nachfolgenden Bearbeitung entfernt werden können . Es ist deshalb ein Ziel der Erfindung durch entsprechende Massnahmen die Eisblumenbildung und Kaltschweissstellen zu vemeiden .When using molds, it is known that flow figures, so-called ice flower formation, can form on the surface of the casting. Another defect that occurs near the surface of castings is a so-called cold welding point. The defects mentioned therefore require a certain minimum allowance when casting so that they can be removed during subsequent processing. It is therefore an object of the invention to avoid ice flower formation and cold welding spots by taking appropriate measures.
Es wurde überaschend festgestellt, dass die genannten Oberflächenfehler weitgehend vermieden werden können , wenn der die Umfangsfläche der vorstehenden Partien 2 , 3 , 4 bildende Teil 31 der Kokille 8 , 9, 1 0 mit einer waffeiartigen Riffelung 30 versehen wird , wie dies in Fig . 2 dargestellt ist. Durch diese verhältnismässig einfache Lösung gelingt es , eine wesentliche Verminderung der Oberflächenfehler an diesem Teil 31 zu erreichen .It was surprisingly found that the surface defects mentioned can largely be avoided if the part 31 forming the peripheral surface of the protruding parts 2, 3, 4 the mold 8, 9, 10 is provided with a weapon-like corrugation 30, as shown in FIG. 2 is shown. This relatively simple solution makes it possible to achieve a substantial reduction in the surface defects on this part 31.
Durch die vorstehend beschriebenen Massnahmen der Abdichtung und Riffelung der Kokilleninnenfläche sowie des an sich bekannten Verlegens der Trennfläche des Modells bzw. der Giessform gelingt es , die im Hinblick auf eine Verkürzung der spanenden Bearbeitung , z . B . des Schleifens , wüsnchenswerte Verminderung der Materialzugabe zu verwirklichen , ohne dass dadurch Probleme bezüglich der erforderlichen Oberflächenqualität durch Oberflächen- Fehler oder -Defekte entstehen können . The measures described above for sealing and corrugating the inner surface of the mold and the known laying of the parting surface of the model or the casting mold make it possible to reduce the amount of machining, e.g. B. of grinding, to achieve a desirable reduction in the addition of material, without this causing problems in terms of the required surface quality due to surface defects or defects.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1 . Verfahren zum Giessen von Wellen , insbesondere schlanken Wellen , die zudem vorspringende Partien , vor allem Exzenter-, Lager- und Nockenpartien aufweisen , welche zur Erreichung bestimmter Materialeigenschaften mittels mindestens einer in die Giessform eingelegten Kokille abgegossen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Kokille (8 , 9 , 10) bzw. an den mit der Kokille zusammenwirkenden Partien des Modells Mittel gemeinsam oder wahlweise vorgesehen werden , mit denen bei der Herstellung der Giessform das Eindringen von Sand in den Kokillenhohlraum und beim Abgiessen der Giessform das Entstehen von Fehlern an der umfangseitigen Oberfläche der vorspringenden Partien sowie zusätzliche Materialzugeben an den vorspringenden Partien vermieden werden .1 . Process for casting shafts, in particular slim shafts, which also have projecting parts, especially eccentric, bearing and cam parts, which are cast to achieve certain material properties using at least one mold inserted into the mold, characterized in that on the mold ( 8, 9, 10) or on the parts of the model interacting with the mold, means can be provided jointly or alternatively, with which the penetration of sand into the mold cavity during the production of the casting mold and the occurrence of defects on the circumferential side when the casting mold is poured off Surface of the protruding parts and additional material on the protruding parts can be avoided.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an den , den vorspringenden Partien der Welle entsprechenden vorspringenden Partien [2 , 3 , 4) des Modells ( 1 ) der Welle auf ihren U fangsflächen Dichtungsmittel (1 6) angeordnet werden , mit denen der vorhandene Spalt (15) zwischen dem Modeil und der Kokille geschlossen wird .2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the U protruding parts of the shaft corresponding protruding parts [2, 3, 4) of the model (1) of the shaft sealing surfaces (1 6) are arranged with which the existing gap (15) between the mold and the mold is closed.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der die Umfangsfläche der vorstehenden Partien bildende Teil (31 ) der Kokille (8 , 9 , 10 , 23 , 24) mit einer waffelartigen Riffelung (30) versehen wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the circumferential surface of the projecting part (31) of the mold (8, 9, 10, 23, 24) is provided with a waffle-like corrugation (30).
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Modellteilung für die Kokille auf die Höhe des Punktes der senkrechten Tangente an die vorspringende Partie gelegt wird . 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the model division for the mold is placed at the height of the point of the vertical tangent to the projecting part.
5. Modell zum Formen einer Giessform zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, die als zweiteiliges Modell mit mindestens einer Kokille (2, 3, 4) zum Formen der vorstehenden Partien der Welle ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der die Umfangsfläche der vorspringenden Partie bildende Teil (31) der Kokille (8, 9, 10, 23, 24) mittels einer an dem Modell (1) der Welle angeordneten Dichtung abgeschlossen ist und mit einer waffelartigen Riffelung (30) versehen ist.5. Model for molding a mold for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 4, which is designed as a two-part model with at least one mold (2, 3, 4) for molding the protruding parts of the shaft, characterized in that the The peripheral surface of the projecting part-forming part (31) of the mold (8, 9, 10, 23, 24) is closed off by means of a seal arranged on the model (1) of the shaft and is provided with a waffle-like corrugation (30).
6. Modell nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennfläche (21) der Kokille an dem die vorspringende Partie bildenden Teil (31) der Kokille liegt und parallel zur Trennebene (21) der in der Längsachse der Welle liegenden Trennebene (21) des Modells versetzt ist.6. Model according to claim 5, characterized in that the parting surface (21) of the mold lies on the part (31) of the mold which forms the projecting part and parallel to the parting plane (21) of the parting plane (21) in the longitudinal axis of the shaft Model is offset.
7. Modell nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichent, dass die Dichtung (16) mit kleinem Abstand (17), z.B. höchstens 2 mm, von den Seitenwänden der vorspringenden Partie (2, 3, 4) angeordnet ist.7. Model according to claim 5, characterized in that the seal (16) with a small distance (17), e.g. not more than 2 mm from the side walls of the projecting part (2, 3, 4).
8. Modell nach Anspruch 5 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtung eine in der Umfangsfläche der vorspringenden Partie (2, 3, 4) liegende Weichdichtung ist, z.B. ein O-Ring (18) oder eine Lippendichtung (20).8. Model according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that the seal is a soft seal lying in the peripheral surface of the projecting part (2, 3, 4), e.g. an O-ring (18) or a lip seal (20).
9. Modell nach Anspruch 5 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtung (16) eine Flachdichtung (19) ist, die sich über die gesamte Umfangsfläche der vorstehenden Partie (2, 3, 4) erstreckt. 9. Model according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that the seal (16) is a flat seal (19) which extends over the entire circumferential surface of the projecting part (2, 3, 4).
EP89907655A 1988-12-06 1989-07-19 Process and mould for casting shafts Expired - Lifetime EP0401311B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89907655T ATE83412T1 (en) 1988-12-06 1989-07-19 PROCESS AND MOLD FOR CASTING SHAFT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4526/88A CH677626A5 (en) 1988-12-06 1988-12-06
CH4526/88 1988-12-06

Publications (2)

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EP0401311A1 true EP0401311A1 (en) 1990-12-12
EP0401311B1 EP0401311B1 (en) 1992-12-16

Family

ID=4277739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89907655A Expired - Lifetime EP0401311B1 (en) 1988-12-06 1989-07-19 Process and mould for casting shafts

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0401311B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03502553A (en)
KR (1) KR910700107A (en)
BR (1) BR8907221A (en)
CA (1) CA2003962A1 (en)
CH (1) CH677626A5 (en)
ES (1) ES2017878A6 (en)
GR (1) GR1000539B (en)
WO (1) WO1990006197A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1727565A (en) * 1928-03-09 1929-09-10 Wilcox Rich Corp Chill plate for use in molding tappet heads
GB8403355D0 (en) * 1984-02-08 1984-03-14 Clancy Ltd G Castings
JPH0675745B2 (en) * 1984-09-27 1994-09-28 日産自動車株式会社 Partial chilled cast iron casting mold
GB2175521A (en) * 1985-05-31 1986-12-03 Perkins Engines Group Manufacture of metal castings having chill-hardened zones

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9006197A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8907221A (en) 1991-03-05
WO1990006197A1 (en) 1990-06-14
KR910700107A (en) 1991-03-13
EP0401311B1 (en) 1992-12-16
CA2003962A1 (en) 1990-06-06
JPH03502553A (en) 1991-06-13
GR1000539B (en) 1992-08-25
CH677626A5 (en) 1991-06-14
ES2017878A6 (en) 1991-03-01
GR890100808A (en) 1991-03-15

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