EP0396529A1 - Vibratory separator - Google Patents

Vibratory separator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0396529A1
EP0396529A1 EP90890130A EP90890130A EP0396529A1 EP 0396529 A1 EP0396529 A1 EP 0396529A1 EP 90890130 A EP90890130 A EP 90890130A EP 90890130 A EP90890130 A EP 90890130A EP 0396529 A1 EP0396529 A1 EP 0396529A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
row
rows
floors
vibration
separating device
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Granted
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EP90890130A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0396529B1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Durstberger
Gerhard Hofer
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IFE Industrie-Einrichtungen Fertigungs-Aktiengesellschaft
IFE GmbH
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IFE Industrie-Einrichtungen Fertigungs-Aktiengesellschaft
IFE GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B15/00—Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/10—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects
    • B07B13/11—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters
    • B07B13/113—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters shaking tables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibration separation device.
  • Such separation devices have been known for a long time and are used in particular for separating bulk material mixtures.
  • DE-PS 28 54 177 describes a device for separating rejects contained in a pile.
  • the pile is applied to an essentially horizontal plate, which is arranged in a housing.
  • the housing is vibrated in a direction that is oblique with respect to the vertical, as a result of which the heap reaches the free edge of the feed plate lying inside the housing and falls off the plate. It encounters an oblique conveying surface that protrudes under the edge and that extends in the conveying direction - i.e. the direction of the vibrations - is profiled, whereby parts with a certain combination of geometrical shape, density and adhesive power move upwards on the inclined conveying surface, but the others move downwards.
  • the components of the pile to be separated can be removed separately.
  • the series connection of several floors is also known from EP-A1 0 139 783.
  • the last floor is also designed as a transport device because it is bent like a roof. The point of inflection represents the transition from the swinging floor to the transport plate, and there is no longer any separation beyond the part.
  • the aim of the invention is to create a compact system which improves the separation performance for all mixtures of solids, with a higher throughput also not leading to any deterioration in the separation performance.
  • this is achieved in that, as is known in the case of individual floors, two rows of swing floors are connected in series, the direction of vibration of the two rows being the same, but the inclination of the floors of the two rows being different.
  • the inclination of the bottoms of the first (upper) row to the horizontal is smaller than the inclination of the direction of oscillation to the horizontal. This results in an improved pre-sorting in the first row, which further increases the overall separation efficiency of the system.
  • the bottoms of the second row are bent along a horizontal edge lying transversely to the direction of oscillation in such a way that their underside is concave, the flatter section preferably being flatter and the steeper section steeper than the direction of oscillation with respect to the horizontal is.
  • the last-mentioned embodiment is advantageously developed in such a way that the material falling from the first row of floors between the swinging floors hits the immediate area of the kink of the floors of the lower row.
  • the bottoms can also have an arc shape, in this case the impact area is approximately that which runs parallel to the direction of vibration.
  • a separating device 1 has eight dividers 11 in an upper row A and eight dividers 21 in a lower row B.
  • rows A and B are parallel to each other, but this is not necessary.
  • All sixteen partitions are firmly mounted in a housing 131.
  • an unbalance drive 132 is provided at the lower end of the separating device 1.
  • two masses 133 of equal size are known to run symmetrically to one another in the opposite direction of rotation about axes parallel to one another.
  • the plane of symmetry obtained is the oscillation plane of the entire device indicated by the arrow f.
  • the inclination of this direction of oscillation f is greater than the inclination of the oscillating floors 11 of the row A in the exemplary embodiment shown relative to the horizontal h.
  • the swinging floors 21 of the row B are bent around a horizontal edge 32, which is normal to the swinging direction f.
  • the upper part 33 of the swing floors 31 is flatter than the lower part 34 of these swing floors.
  • the top floor 11 'of row A is the posting point. In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided on its upper side with a deflection bar, which prevents part of the applied material from leaving this floor at the top.
  • the material to be separated, braked by the vibrations of the device 1 moves from this feed point from one floor 11 to the next, parts of the material falling into the gaps 12 left between the floors.
  • Such material preferably falls through the gaps that rolls and / or jumps poorly and tends to remain on the floors 11.
  • the vibrations loosen it to such an extent that it slips and preferably falls through the gaps 12.
  • the rollable material preferably reaches the lower end of this row, from where it falls on the lowest area of the lower row B.
  • That part of the material which is conveyed upwards in the row B against gravity on the individual trays 21, i.e. the part with the lower density and the better adherence to the floors or the part of the material to be separated which does not roll well leaves the floors of the lower row B at the upper end and thus reaches the area above the separating strip through gaps 36 between the floors 34 of the housing.
  • control of the material flow between the two rows can easily be adapted to the respective separation process. It is possible, for example, to provide one of the two rows displaceably within the housing in order to correctly direct the individual material veils falling through the columns 12 to the desired impact points on the floors 21.
  • the invention when separating suitable materials, it can be provided to provide an advantageously upward air flow in the area between the two rows A, B by means of a blower or the connection to a compressed gas line, as a result of which a certain screening of the particles during flight takes place, which in particular with a corresponding adjustment of the impact points on the lower floor row for a further improvement, both the Throughput as well as the separation performance leads.
  • the device according to the invention has proven itself, for example, in the sorting out of stones and other solid, hard materials from sawdust or chips for the production of chipboard and the like, but also in the sorting out of glass splinters from humus.
  • the device which has proven itself excellently in this area of application, works with vibration ranges between 1.6 and 12 mm at 3000 to 1000 vibrations per minute, with the high frequencies being assigned to the low vibration ranges. It was even possible to remove sands from sawdust with the device tested.
  • the bottom row can also have a different size than that of the bottom row, it preferably being provided that their length in the direction of vibration is a multiple of the length of the bottoms of the bottom row.
  • the bases 11, 21 rotatably in the frame, since in this way consideration can be given not only to the upper row A as a whole, but also to the separation within row A.
  • the slots 12 between the bottoms 11 of the upper row are preferably individually adjustable, for example. by the floors 11 or the like in a groove. are movable. In order to be able to adjust the points of impact on the floors 12, it is also advantageous in this case to be able to move the lower floors 12.
  • the floors by extension pieces. change in size so that the column width takes the desired value.
  • pivot the floors in groups with each floor being rotated about a fixed, horizontal axis which is perpendicular to the direction of vibration, but the pivoting itself takes place together for some floors, e.g. using a joint parallelogram.
  • the material flow through the individual columns 12 should be adjusted by the choice of the column width and the inclination of the upper floors so that the load on the lower floors with material to be separated is as equal as possible for all floors.
  • the rows themselves can also deviate from the ideal linear arrangement, e.g. if at the same time a wind sifting of the falling material is carried out, the bottoms of the two rows, which are the most distant from the gas introduction, also have the greatest vertical distance from one another.
  • the horizontal arrangement of the bottoms of the lower row relative to the gaps between the bottoms of the upper row is advantageously made such that the material flowing in the form of a veil through the gaps under the influence of wind sifting on the kink or the transition region of the lower Soils.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibratory separator (1). According to the invention, in order to increase the throughput and to improve the selectivity, it is provided that the two rows (A, B) of vibratory surfaces (11, 21) are connected in series, as is known with individual surfaces, the vibratory direction (f) of the two rows being the same, the inclination of the surfaces of the two rows being however different. In an advantageous embodiment in which the overall separating efficiency is increased, the inclination of the surfaces (11) of the first (upper) row (A) with respect to the horizontal is smaller than the inclination of the vibratory direction (f). In a different embodiment, it is provided in order to increase the throughput with a constant overall separating efficiency that the surfaces (21) of the second row (B) have a flatter and a steeper section and are downwardly concave. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vibrationstrennvorrich­tung.The invention relates to a vibration separation device.

Derartige Trennvorrichtungen sind seit längerem be­kannt und werden insbesondere zum Trennen von Schüttgut­gemischen verwendet.Such separation devices have been known for a long time and are used in particular for separating bulk material mixtures.

So ist beispielsweise in der DE-PS 28 54 177 eine Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von in einem Haufwerk enthalte­nen Ausschußteilen beschrieben. Dabei wird das Haufwerk auf eine im wesentlichen horizontale Platte aufgebracht, die in einem Gehäuse angeordnet ist. Das Gehäuse wird in einer, bezüglich der Vertikalen, schrägen Richtung in Vi­brationen versetzt, wodurch das Haufwerk an den im Ge­häuseinneren liegenden freien Rand der Aufgabeplatte ge­langt und von der Platte fällt. Dabei trifft es auf eine unter den Rand ragende, schräge Förderfläche, die in För­derrichtung - d.i. die Richtung der Vibrationen - profi­liert ist, wodurch Teile mit einer bestimmten Kombination der geometrischen Form, der Dichte und des Adhäsionsver­mögens auf der schrägen Förderfläche nach oben, die ande­ren aber nach unten wandern. An den in Förderrichtung ge­legegen Enden der Förderfläche können die zu trennenden Bestandteile des Haufwerks getrennt entnommen werden.For example, DE-PS 28 54 177 describes a device for separating rejects contained in a pile. The pile is applied to an essentially horizontal plate, which is arranged in a housing. The housing is vibrated in a direction that is oblique with respect to the vertical, as a result of which the heap reaches the free edge of the feed plate lying inside the housing and falls off the plate. It encounters an oblique conveying surface that protrudes under the edge and that extends in the conveying direction - i.e. the direction of the vibrations - is profiled, whereby parts with a certain combination of geometrical shape, density and adhesive power move upwards on the inclined conveying surface, but the others move downwards. At the ends of the conveyor surface located in the conveying direction, the components of the pile to be separated can be removed separately.

Aus der Nr. 1/1988 der Zeitschrift "Aufbereitungs­technik" ist eine theoretische Abhandlung über das Vibra­tionssortieren von Shredder-Schrott bekannt. Diese Unter­suchung kommt zu dem Ergebnis, daß die Parallelanordnung mehrerer Schwingböden den Durchsatz, die Reihenanordnung mehrerer Böden hingegen die Trennschärfe bzw. den Wir­kungsgrad erhöht.A theoretical treatise on the vibration sorting of shredder scrap is known from No. 1/1988 of the magazine "Processing Technology". This investigation comes to the conclusion that the parallel arrangement of several vibrating trays increases the throughput, while the series arrangement of several trays increases the selectivity or the efficiency.

Wie aus diesem Aufsatz hervorgeht, wurde bei Verwen­dung von vier hintereinander geschalteteten Schwingböden beim Trennen einer Mischung von 50 Vol.-% Nichteisen­schrott mit 50 Vol.-% Gummi eine 98 %-ige Rückgewinnung des Schrottes erreicht. Dabei war jedoch der Gummi noch zu etwa 20 % in der Schrottkomponente enthalten. Die Schüttdichte des Ausgangsmaterials betrug 800 kg/m³. Man kommt so auf einen nur etwa 45 %-igen Füllungsgrad des Schüttmaterials, während der Hohlraumanteil etwa 55 % ausmacht. Bei Mischungen mit geringerem Hohlraumanteil sind im allgemeinen schlechtere Ergebnisse zu erwarten.As can be seen from this article, when four vibrating trays connected in series were used, a 98% recovery of the scrap was achieved when separating a mixture of 50 vol.% Non-ferrous scrap with 50 vol.% Rubber. But the rubber was still there about 20% contained in the scrap component. The bulk density of the starting material was 800 kg / m³. This leads to an only about 45% fill level of the bulk material, while the void fraction makes up about 55%. In general, poorer results can be expected for mixtures with a lower void fraction.

Die Hintereinanderschaltung mehrerer Böden ist auch aus der EP-A1 0 139 783 bekannt. Dabei ist der letzte Bo­den auch als Transportvorrichtung ausgebildet, da er dachartig geknickt ist. Der Knickpunkt stellt den Über­gang vom Schwingboden zum Transportblech dar, jenseits des Knickes findet keine Trennung mehr statt.The series connection of several floors is also known from EP-A1 0 139 783. The last floor is also designed as a transport device because it is bent like a roof. The point of inflection represents the transition from the swinging floor to the transport plate, and there is no longer any separation beyond the part.

Weiters ist dieser Druckschrift zu entnehmen, das oberhalb des obersten Bodens Siebe vorgesehen sind, die gegebenenfalls geneigt sein können, und die das durchfal­lende Gut auf den unter dem tiefsten Sieb liegenden ober­sten Schwingboden abgeben. Dadurch findet die Gutaufgabe über einen Bereich des obersten Bodens statt.Furthermore, it can be seen from this publication that sieves are provided above the uppermost bottom, which can optionally be inclined, and which discharge the material falling through onto the uppermost vibrating bottom lying under the deepest sieve. As a result, the good feed takes place over an area of the top floor.

Eine solche Vorrichtung ist aus der US-PS 4 267 037 bekannt, doch findet die Gutaufgabe gemäß dieser Druck­schrift am "Kopf" der Anlage auf einem eigenen, ebenen Aufgabeboden statt.Such a device is known from US Pat. No. 4,267,037, but the good feed according to this document takes place at the "head" of the system on its own, level feed floor.

Aus der US-PS 4 009 833 und der FR-PS 78 31596 mit der Veröffentlichungsnummer 2 407 676 ist es bekannt, Schwingböden als Siebe auszugestalten oder an bestimmten Stellen mit Siebabschnitten zu versehen. Die verwendeten Böden sind dabei durchwegs zu durchgehenden glatten Flä­chen entartet, sodaß nicht von einer Reihe von Schwingbö­den gesprochen werden kann. Beide Anlagen dienen Spezial­zwecken, nämlich dem Abtrennen von Teilen defekter Batte­rien bzw. dem Entfernen und Rückgewinnen von Tabakresten bei der Zigarettenherstellung.From US-PS 4 009 833 and FR-PS 78 31596 with publication number 2 407 676 it is known to design vibrating floors as sieves or to provide sieve sections at certain points. The floors used are all degenerate into continuous smooth surfaces, so that it is not possible to speak of a series of vibrating floors. Both systems serve special purposes, namely the removal of parts from defective batteries or the removal and recovery of tobacco residues in the manufacture of cigarettes.

Die Erfindung hat das Ziel, eine kompakte Anlage zu schaffen, die die Trennleistung für alle Mischungen von Feststoffen verbessert, wobei auch ein größerer Durchsatz zu keiner Verschlechterung der Trennleistung führen soll.The aim of the invention is to create a compact system which improves the separation performance for all mixtures of solids, with a higher throughput also not leading to any deterioration in the separation performance.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß, wie bei Einzelböden bekannt, zwei Reihen von Schwingböden in Serie geschaltet werden, wobei die Schwingrichtung der beiden Reihen gleich, die Neigung der Böden der beiden Reihen aber unterschiedlich ist.According to the invention, this is achieved in that, as is known in the case of individual floors, two rows of swing floors are connected in series, the direction of vibration of the two rows being the same, but the inclination of the floors of the two rows being different.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist die Neigung der Böden der ersten (oberen) Reihe zur Horizontalen kleiner als die Neigung der Schwingrichtung zur Horizon­talen. Damit erzielt man in der ersten Reihe eine verbes­serte Vorsortierung durch die der Gesamttrennwirkungsgrad der Anlage weiter erhöht wird.In an advantageous embodiment, the inclination of the bottoms of the first (upper) row to the horizontal is smaller than the inclination of the direction of oscillation to the horizontal. This results in an improved pre-sorting in the first row, which further increases the overall separation efficiency of the system.

In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist vorgesehen, daß die Böden der zweiten Reihe entlang einer horizonta­len, quer zur Schwingrichtung liegenden Kante so geknickt sind, daß ihre Unterseite konkav ist, wobei vorzugsweise der flachere Abschnitt flacher und der der steilere Ab­schnitt steiler als die Schwingrichtung bezüglich der Ho­rizontalen ist. Diese Maßnahme erlaubt es, den Durchsatz der Anlage zu erhöhen, ohne daß eine Verschlechterung des Trennwirkungsgrades eintritt.In a preferred development it is provided that the bottoms of the second row are bent along a horizontal edge lying transversely to the direction of oscillation in such a way that their underside is concave, the flatter section preferably being flatter and the steeper section steeper than the direction of oscillation with respect to the horizontal is. This measure makes it possible to increase the throughput of the plant without the separation efficiency deteriorating.

Die letztgenannte Ausgestaltung wird vorteilhaft so weitergebildet, daß das aus der ersten Bodenreihe zwi­schen den Schwingböden herabfallende Gut im unmittelbaren Bereich des Knickes der Böden der unteren Reihe auf­trifft. Dieses Ziel ist bei gegebenem Gut, gegebener Nei­gung der beiden Reihen und bei gegebener Schwingfrequenz, anhand einiger Versuche leicht zu erreichen und führt zu besonders guten Trennergebnissen.The last-mentioned embodiment is advantageously developed in such a way that the material falling from the first row of floors between the swinging floors hits the immediate area of the kink of the floors of the lower row. With a given good, given inclination of the two rows and with a given oscillation frequency, this goal is easy to achieve with a few tests and leads to particularly good separation results.

Statt geknickt zu sein, können die Böden auch Bogen­form aufweisen, in diesem Fall ist der Auftreffbereich etwa der, der parallel zur Schwingrichtung verläuft.Instead of being kinked, the bottoms can also have an arc shape, in this case the impact area is approximately that which runs parallel to the direction of vibration.

Die Erfindung wird an Hand der beiliegenden Zeich­nungen an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Trennvorrichtung 1 weist acht Trennböden 11 in einer oberen Reihe A und acht Trennböden 21 in einer unteren Reihe B auf. Im dargestellten Bei­ spiel sind die Reihen A und B parallel zueinander, doch ist dies nicht notwendig.A separating device 1 according to the invention has eight dividers 11 in an upper row A and eight dividers 21 in a lower row B. In the illustrated case rows A and B are parallel to each other, but this is not necessary.

Alle sechzehn Trennböden sind in einem Gehäuse 131 fest montiert. Am unteren Ende der Trennvorrichtung 1 ist im Beispiel ein Unwuchtantrieb 132 vorgesehen. Bei einem solchen Antrieb laufen bekanntermaßen zwei gleich große Massen 133 symmetrisch zueinander in entgegengesetztem Umlaufsinn um zueinander parallele Achsen. Die erhaltene Symmetrieebene ist die durch den Pfeil f angedeutete Schwingebene der gesamten Vorrichtung.All sixteen partitions are firmly mounted in a housing 131. In the example, an unbalance drive 132 is provided at the lower end of the separating device 1. In the case of such a drive, two masses 133 of equal size are known to run symmetrically to one another in the opposite direction of rotation about axes parallel to one another. The plane of symmetry obtained is the oscillation plane of the entire device indicated by the arrow f.

Die Neigung dieser Schwingrichtung f ist im abgebil­deten Ausführungsbeispiel gegenüber der Horizontalen h größer als die Neigung der Schwingböden 11 der Reihe A.The inclination of this direction of oscillation f is greater than the inclination of the oscillating floors 11 of the row A in the exemplary embodiment shown relative to the horizontal h.

Die Schwingböden 21 der Reihe B sind um eine waag­rechte Kante 32, die normal zur Schwingrichtung f ver­läuft, geknickt. Der obere Teil 33 der Schwingböden 31 verläuft dabei flacher als der untere Teil 34 dieser Schwingböden. Dadurch wird unterhalb der Schwingböden im Bereich ihrer Befestigung an Konsolen des Gehäuses eine konkave Ausbildung erzielt.The swinging floors 21 of the row B are bent around a horizontal edge 32, which is normal to the swinging direction f. The upper part 33 of the swing floors 31 is flatter than the lower part 34 of these swing floors. As a result, a concave formation is achieved below the oscillating floors in the area of their attachment to brackets of the housing.

Der oberste Boden 11′ der Reihe A ist die Aufgabe­stelle. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel ist er an seiner Ober­seite mit einer Ablenkleiste versehen, die verhindert, daß ein Teil des aufgebrachten Gutes diesen Boden nach oben verläßt. Von dieser Aufgabestelle bewegt sich das zu trennende Material, gebremst durch die Schwingungen der Vorrichtung 1, von einem Boden 11 zum nächsten, wobei Teile des Materials in die zwischen den Böden freigelas­senen Spalten 12 fallen. Dabei fällt bevorzugt solches Material duch die Spalten, das schlecht rollt und/oder springt und dazu neigt, auf den Böden 11 liegen zu blei­ben. Duch die Vibrationen wird es soweit gelockert, daß es abrutscht und bevorzugt durch die Spalten 12 fällt.The top floor 11 'of row A is the posting point. In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided on its upper side with a deflection bar, which prevents part of the applied material from leaving this floor at the top. The material to be separated, braked by the vibrations of the device 1, moves from this feed point from one floor 11 to the next, parts of the material falling into the gaps 12 left between the floors. Such material preferably falls through the gaps that rolls and / or jumps poorly and tends to remain on the floors 11. The vibrations loosen it to such an extent that it slips and preferably falls through the gaps 12.

Es fällt vorzugsweise möglichst unmittelbar auf den Bereich der Kante 32 der geknickten Böden 21 der zweiten Reihe B was durch einen Teilchenschleier in der Zeichnung angedeutet ist.It preferably falls as directly as possible on the area of the edge 32 of the bent bottoms 21 of the second row B, which is caused by a veil of particles in the drawing is indicated.

In der oberen Reihe A gelangt das rollfähige Material bevorzugt ans untere Ende dieser Reihe, von wo es auf den untersten Bereich der unteren Reihe B fällt.In the upper row A, the rollable material preferably reaches the lower end of this row, from where it falls on the lowest area of the lower row B.

Derjenige Teil des Materials, der in der Reihe B entgegen der Schwerkraft auf den einzelnen Böden 21 nach oben gefördert wird, d.i. der Teil mit der geringeren Dichte und der besseren Haftfähigkeit auf den Böden bzw. der nicht gut rollfähige Teil des zu trennenden Materials verläßt die Böden der unteren Reihe B jeweils am oberen Ende und gelangt so durch Spalten 36 zwischen den Böden in den Bereich oberhalb der Trennleiste 34 des Gehäuses.That part of the material which is conveyed upwards in the row B against gravity on the individual trays 21, i.e. the part with the lower density and the better adherence to the floors or the part of the material to be separated which does not roll well leaves the floors of the lower row B at the upper end and thus reaches the area above the separating strip through gaps 36 between the floors 34 of the housing.

Die anderen, schwereren bzw. rollfähigen Anteile verlassen die unterste Bodenplatte der zweiten Reihe B an der Unterseite und verlassen die Vorrichtung unterhalb der Trennleiste 34. Diese Teile gelangen zumindest im Be­reich der unteren Reihe B von Boden zu Boden und fallen dabei auf Grund ihrer Horizontalgeschwindigkeit nicht in die Spalten 36 zwischen den Böden 21.The other, heavier or rollable parts leave the bottom floor plate of the second row B on the underside and leave the device below the separating strip 34. These parts get from floor to floor at least in the area of the lower row B and do not fall due to their horizontal speed into the gaps 36 between the floors 21.

Die Steuerung des Materialflußes zwischen den beiden Reihen kann in Kenntnis der Erfindung leicht auf den je­weiligen Trennvorgang abgestimmt werden. Dabei ist es beispielsweise möglich, eine der beiden Reihen innerhalb des Gehäuses verschieblich vorzusehen, um die einzelnen, durch die Spalten 12 fallenden Materialschleier richtig auf die gewünschten Aufprallpunkte auf den Böden 21 zu lenken.Knowing the invention, the control of the material flow between the two rows can easily be adapted to the respective separation process. It is possible, for example, to provide one of the two rows displaceably within the housing in order to correctly direct the individual material veils falling through the columns 12 to the desired impact points on the floors 21.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann es beim Trennen dafür geeigneter Materialien vorgesehen sein, in den Bereich zwischen den beiden Reihen A, B einen vor­teilhafterweise nach oben gerichteten Luftstrom mittels eines Gebläses oder des Anschlußes an eine Druckgaslei­tung vorzusehen, wodurch im Flug eine gewisse Sichtung der Teilchen erfolgt, was insbesondere mit einer entspre­chenden Justierung der Aufprallpunkte auf der unteren Bo­denreihe zu einer weiteren Verbesserung, sowohl des Durchsatzes als auch der Trennleistung führt.In one embodiment of the invention, when separating suitable materials, it can be provided to provide an advantageously upward air flow in the area between the two rows A, B by means of a blower or the connection to a compressed gas line, as a result of which a certain screening of the particles during flight takes place, which in particular with a corresponding adjustment of the impact points on the lower floor row for a further improvement, both the Throughput as well as the separation performance leads.

Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, die beiden Reihen mit unterschiedlicher Bodenanzahl auszustatten, insbesonders die untere Reihe B nach unten zu verlängern.It is of course also possible to equip the two rows with a different number of floors, in particular to extend the lower row B downwards.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung hat sich beispiels­weise beim Aussortieren von Steinen und anderen festen, harten Materialien aus Sägespänen bzw. Schnitzeln für die Herstellung von Spanplatten u.dergl., aber auch beim aus­sortieren von Glassplittern aus Humus hervorragend be­währt. Bei derartigen Anwendungen kommt es besonders da­rauf an, daß das unerwünschte Material mit Sicherheit ausgeschieden wird, um Zerstörungen oder Vereletzungen im nachfolgenden Verarbeitungsprozeß des gewünschten Mate­riales zu vermeiden, doch ist es andererseits wichtig, so wenig gewünschtes Material als irgendmöglich mit dem un­erwünschten Material auszuscheiden, da dies die Rentabi­lität der Herstellung schwer beeinträchtigt.The device according to the invention has proven itself, for example, in the sorting out of stones and other solid, hard materials from sawdust or chips for the production of chipboard and the like, but also in the sorting out of glass splinters from humus. In such applications, it is particularly important that the undesired material be eliminated with certainty in order to avoid destruction or injury in the subsequent processing of the desired material, but on the other hand, it is important to remove as little desired material as possible with the undesired material since this seriously affects the profitability of manufacture.

Die bei diesem Einsatzgebiet hervorragend bewährte Vorrichtung arbeitet mit Schwingweiten zwischen 1,6 und 12 mm bei 3000 bis 1000 Schwingungen pro Minute, wobei die hohen Frequenzen den niedrigen Schwingweiten zuzuord­nen sind. Es konnten mit der getesteten Vorrichtung sogar Sande aus Sägespänen abgetrennt werden.The device, which has proven itself excellently in this area of application, works with vibration ranges between 1.6 and 12 mm at 3000 to 1000 vibrations per minute, with the high frequencies being assigned to the low vibration ranges. It was even possible to remove sands from sawdust with the device tested.

Es ist in Kenntnis der Erfindung dem Fachmann ein Leichtes, diese verschiedentlich abzuändern und an vorge­gebene Randbedingungen anzupassen. So können, wenn es ge­wünscht wird, weitere Reihen von Böden vorgesehen werden und es können auch beim Sichten von Materialien mit kon­tinuierlichem Eigenschaftsspektrum einzelne Teilströme des gesichteten Materials in der gleichen Vorrichtung verschiedenen weiteren Behandlungen unterzogen werden. So ist es denkbar, daß beispielsweise nur eine erhaltene Mittelfraktion einer dritten bzw. vierten Reihe von Böden zugeführt wird, während die Kopf- bzw. Fußfraktion aus der Vorrichtung ausgebracht wird.In the knowledge of the invention, it is easy for a person skilled in the art to modify it variously and to adapt it to predetermined boundary conditions. Thus, if desired, further rows of floors can be provided, and even when sifting materials with a continuous range of properties, individual partial streams of the sifted material can be subjected to various further treatments in the same device. It is conceivable, for example, that only a middle fraction obtained is fed to a third or fourth row of trays, while the head or foot fraction is removed from the device.

Es ist auch möglich, die Böden der unteren Reihe nicht zu knicken, sondern zu biegen, und so eine spektra­le Verteilung um den Aufprallpunkt zu erreichen. Es kön­nen auch die Böden der oberen Reihe eine andere Größe als die der unteren Reihe aufweisen, wobei bevorzugt vorgese­hen ist, daß ihre Länge in Vibrationsrichtung ein Vielfa­ches der Länge der Böden der unteren Reihe ist.It is also possible to use the bottom row not to bend, but to bend, and so a spectral distribution to reach the point of impact. The bottoms of the top row can also have a different size than that of the bottom row, it preferably being provided that their length in the direction of vibration is a multiple of the length of the bottoms of the bottom row.

Für viele Anwendungsgebiete ist es vorteilhaft, die Böden 11, 21 drehbar im Rahmen vorzusehen, da so Bedacht auf die Vorsortierung nicht nur der oberen Reihe A insge­samt, sondern auch auf die erfolgte Trennung innerhalb der Reihe A genommen werden kann. Aus diesem Grund sind auch bevorzugt die Schlitze 12 zwischen den Böden 11 der oberen Reihe einzeln verstellbar, z.Bsp. indem die Böden 11 in einer Nut o.dgl. verschieblich sind. Um die Auf­treffpunkte auf den Böden 12 justieren zu können, ist es in diesem Fall auch vorteilhaft, die unteren Böden 12 verschieben zu können.For many areas of application, it is advantageous to provide the bases 11, 21 rotatably in the frame, since in this way consideration can be given not only to the upper row A as a whole, but also to the separation within row A. For this reason, the slots 12 between the bottoms 11 of the upper row are preferably individually adjustable, for example. by the floors 11 or the like in a groove. are movable. In order to be able to adjust the points of impact on the floors 12, it is also advantageous in this case to be able to move the lower floors 12.

Es ist selbstverständlich aber auch möglich, die Böden durch Verlängerungsstücke o.dgl. in ihrer Größe so zu ändern, daß die Spaltenbreite den gewünschten Wert annimmt. Es ist auch denkbar, die Verschwenkung der Böden gruppenweise vorzunehmen, wobei jeder Boden um eine fest­stehende, horizontale Achse gedreht wird, die senkrecht auf die Schwingungsrichtung steht, das Verschwenken selbst aber für einige Böden gemeinsam erfolgt, z.Bsp. mittels eines Gelenkparallelogramms.It is of course also possible, or the like, the floors by extension pieces. change in size so that the column width takes the desired value. It is also conceivable to pivot the floors in groups, with each floor being rotated about a fixed, horizontal axis which is perpendicular to the direction of vibration, but the pivoting itself takes place together for some floors, e.g. using a joint parallelogram.

Der Materialfluß durch die einzelnen Spalten 12 soll durch die Wahl der Spaltenbreite und der Neigung der oberen Böden so eingestellt werden, daß die Belastung der unteren Böden mit zu trennendem Material möglichst gleich für alle Böden ist.The material flow through the individual columns 12 should be adjusted by the choice of the column width and the inclination of the upper floors so that the load on the lower floors with material to be separated is as equal as possible for all floors.

Es ist bei den zuletzt genannten Ausgestaltungen denkbar, daß einzelne Böden der oberen Reihe A und der unteren Reihe B gleiche oder fast gleiche Neigung aufwei­sen, doch gibt es im Gegensatz zu bekannten Anordnungen immer Böden in den beiden Reihen, die eine unterschiedli­ che Neigung aufweisen. Wenn mehr als zwei Reihen vorgese­hen sind, beziehen sich die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen immer auf benachbarte Reihen, zusätzliche Reihen, die mit einer ihrer Nachbarreihen identisch sind, können dabei ohne weiteres vorgesehen werden.It is conceivable in the last-mentioned configurations that individual floors of the upper row A and the lower row B have the same or almost the same inclination, but in contrast to known arrangements there are always floors in the two rows which have a different have inclination. If more than two rows are provided, the measures according to the invention always relate to adjacent rows, additional rows which are identical to one of their neighboring rows can be provided without further ado.

Es können auch die Reihen selbst von der ideal geradlinigen Anordnung abweichen, z.Bsp. wenn gleichzei­tig eine Windsichtung des fallenden Gutes vorgenommen wird, wobei die Böden der beiden Reihen, die der Gasein­bringung am entferntesten sind, auch den größten Verti­kalabstand voneinander aufweisen.The rows themselves can also deviate from the ideal linear arrangement, e.g. if at the same time a wind sifting of the falling material is carried out, the bottoms of the two rows, which are the most distant from the gas introduction, also have the greatest vertical distance from one another.

Bei Windsichtung wird vorteilhafterweise auch die horizontale Anordnung der Böden der unteren Reihe gegen­über den Spalten zwischen den Böden der oberen Reihe so getroffen, daß das in Form eines Schleiers durch die Spalten rieselnde Gut unter dem Einfluß der Windsichtung auf den Knick bzw. den Übergangsbereich der unteren Böden auftrifft.In the case of wind sifting, the horizontal arrangement of the bottoms of the lower row relative to the gaps between the bottoms of the upper row is advantageously made such that the material flowing in the form of a veil through the gaps under the influence of wind sifting on the kink or the transition region of the lower Soils.

Claims (8)

1. Vibrationstrennvorrichtung mit parallelgeschalte­ten Schwingböden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei Reihen (A, B) von Schwingböden (11, 21) in Serie angeordnet sind, und daß die Neigung der Böden der beiden Reihen verschieden ist.1. Vibration separating device with parallel vibrating trays, characterized in that two rows (A, B) of vibrating trays (11, 21) are arranged in series, and that the inclination of the trays of the two rows is different. 2. Vibrationstrennvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Neigung der Böden der ersten (oberen) Reihe (A) zur Horizontalen kleiner als die Neigung der Schwingrichtung (f) zur Horizontalen ist.2. Vibration separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclination of the bottoms of the first (upper) row (A) to the horizontal is smaller than the inclination of the direction of vibration (f) to the horizontal. 3. Vibrationstrennvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Böden der zweiten Reihe (B) einen flacheren und einen steileren Abschnitt aufweisen und nach unten konkav sind, wobei vorzugsweise der flachere Abschnitt flacher und der der steilere Ab­schnitt steiler als die Schwingrichtung bezüglich der Ho­rizontalen ist.3. Vibration separating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottoms of the second row (B) have a flatter and a steeper section and are concave downwards, preferably the shallower section being flatter and the steeper section being steeper than the direction of vibration the horizontal is. 4. Vibrationstrennvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwingböden (11, 21) der beiden Reihen (A, B) so angeordnet sind, daß das aus der ersten Bodenreihe durch die Spalten (12) zwischen den Schwingböden (11) in Form von Schleiern herabfallende Gut im Bereich des Überganges der beiden Abschnitte der Böden (21) der unteren Reihe (B) auftrifft.4. Vibration separating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the vibrating trays (11, 21) of the two rows (A, B) are arranged so that from the first row of rows through the columns (12) between the vibrating trays (11) in shape material falling from veils strikes in the area of the transition of the two sections of the bottoms (21) of the lower row (B). 5. Vibrationstrennvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprü­che 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spalten (12) zwischen den oberen Böden verstellbare Breite aufweisen.5. Vibration separating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the columns (12) between the upper floors have adjustable width. 6. Vibrationstrennvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprü­che 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die oberen und/oder unteren Böden (11, 21) einzeln oder in Gruppen um jeweils eine horizontale, senkrecht auf die Vibra­tionsrichtung stehende Achse verschwenkt werden können.6. Vibration separating device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the upper and / or lower floors (11, 21) can be pivoted individually or in groups around a horizontal axis perpendicular to the direction of vibration. 7. Vibrationstrennvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprü­che 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Luft- oder Gasstrom in einer Richtung durch die Vorrichtung geführt wird, die in Schwingrichtung (f) oder quer zu den Mate­rialschleiern oder zwischen diesen beiden Richtungen verlauft, um das Material im Fallen einer Windsichtung zuzuführen.7. Vibration separating device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an air or gas flow is passed in one direction through the device which runs in the direction of oscillation (f) or transversely to the material veils or between these two directions in order to feed the material to a wind sifting when falling. 8. Vibrationstrennvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprü­che 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest die Böden einer der Reihen (A, B) nicht fluchtend angeordnet sind.8. Vibration separating device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least the bottoms of one of the rows (A, B) are not arranged in alignment.
EP19900890130 1989-05-02 1990-04-30 Vibratory separator Expired - Lifetime EP0396529B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT103989A AT393466B (en) 1989-05-02 1989-05-02 VIBRATION SEPARATOR
AT1039/89 1989-05-02

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EP0396529A1 true EP0396529A1 (en) 1990-11-07
EP0396529B1 EP0396529B1 (en) 1993-12-15

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EP (1) EP0396529B1 (en)
AT (1) AT393466B (en)
CS (1) CS213590A2 (en)
DE (1) DE59003837D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0396529T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2047310T3 (en)
FI (1) FI93086C (en)
HU (1) HU207005B (en)
SK (1) SK279384B6 (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0635307A1 (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-01-25 Toyota Tsusho Corporation Nonferrous material sorting apparatus
US5611435A (en) * 1993-03-12 1997-03-18 Technisches Buro Ing. Reinhard Goschl Apparatus for sorting constituents of a mixture

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CH314861A (en) * 1951-04-20 1956-07-15 Inst Tech Forschung Und Entwic Method and device for dry cutting of mix on a vibrating table
US2772776A (en) * 1954-01-07 1956-12-04 United States Steel Corp Apparatus and method for separating fines
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EP0155180A2 (en) * 1984-03-15 1985-09-18 MASON &amp; NORTH ENGINEERING LIMITED Separator

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CH314861A (en) * 1951-04-20 1956-07-15 Inst Tech Forschung Und Entwic Method and device for dry cutting of mix on a vibrating table
US2772776A (en) * 1954-01-07 1956-12-04 United States Steel Corp Apparatus and method for separating fines
DE2854177A1 (en) * 1978-12-15 1980-06-19 Merz Karl Maschf METHOD FOR SEPARATING DISPOSAL PARTS CONTAINED IN A POLLUTION AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
EP0139783A1 (en) * 1983-11-01 1985-05-08 Ventilatorenfabrik Oelde Gmbh Device for processing scrap, waste or the like
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5611435A (en) * 1993-03-12 1997-03-18 Technisches Buro Ing. Reinhard Goschl Apparatus for sorting constituents of a mixture
EP0635307A1 (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-01-25 Toyota Tsusho Corporation Nonferrous material sorting apparatus
US5462172A (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-10-31 Toyota Tsusho Corporation Nonferrous material sorting apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU902613D0 (en) 1990-09-28
HU207005B (en) 1993-03-01
EP0396529B1 (en) 1993-12-15
FI93086C (en) 1995-02-27
ES2047310T3 (en) 1994-02-16
FI93086B (en) 1994-11-15
HUT57088A (en) 1991-11-28
FI902175A0 (en) 1990-04-30
CS213590A2 (en) 1991-09-15
SK279384B6 (en) 1998-10-07
DK0396529T3 (en) 1994-02-14
DE59003837D1 (en) 1994-01-27
AT393466B (en) 1991-10-25
ATA103989A (en) 1991-04-15

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