EP0394187B1 - Méthode pour la récupération de gaz naturel - Google Patents

Méthode pour la récupération de gaz naturel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0394187B1
EP0394187B1 EP90810212A EP90810212A EP0394187B1 EP 0394187 B1 EP0394187 B1 EP 0394187B1 EP 90810212 A EP90810212 A EP 90810212A EP 90810212 A EP90810212 A EP 90810212A EP 0394187 B1 EP0394187 B1 EP 0394187B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
ship
production platform
lng
lng tanker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90810212A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0394187A2 (fr
EP0394187A3 (en
Inventor
Charles Dr. Mandrin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer AG
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Publication of EP0394187A2 publication Critical patent/EP0394187A2/fr
Publication of EP0394187A3 publication Critical patent/EP0394187A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0394187B1 publication Critical patent/EP0394187B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F25J1/0278—Unit being stationary, e.g. on floating barge or fixed platform
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0282—Steam turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/22—Compressor driver arrangement, e.g. power supply by motor, gas or steam turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/60—Details about pipelines, i.e. network, for feed or product distribution

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of natural gas from maritime deposits, in which the unpurified gas is obtained on a production platform or ship, is subjected to deacidification and / or purification of carbon dioxide and water, and is fed to an LNG tanker for liquefaction by expansion becomes.
  • DE-A-32 00 958 shows a process for the extraction of natural gas from maritime deposits according to the preamble of claim 1, the liquefaction being carried out entirely on the LNG tanker by pressure-increasing and cooling systems from the energy system of the LNG tanker or powered by an energy source installed on the LNG tanker.
  • the further processing of non-liquefied gas components such as nitrogen and methane on the LNG tanker is not shown.
  • the invention provides a remedy here. It solves the task of bunkering cleaned flash gas with existing LNG tankers in liquid form at atmospheric pressure. According to The invention solves the problem in that the pressures and temperatures necessary for liquefaction by pre-cooling and expansion for a clean gas stream are already generated with the power of energy producers on the production platform or ship before the gas reaches the LNG tanker via a high-pressure supply line, and in that at least one compressor on the LNG tanker transports the non-liquefied residual gases back to the production platform or ship via a return line.
  • the natural gas itself can come from both a natural gas source and a well with associated petroleum gas.
  • a production platform or ship A is shown above the sea floor, the crude oil with accompanying gas is fed in a line 1 and releases the oil processed in a production 2 via a line 3 after intermediate storage in the tank 9.
  • the pre-cleaned gas is subjected to a carbon dioxide purification 6, a possible deacidification 7 and a dehydration 8 via a feed line 4 and is delivered to an LNG tanker C for liquefaction according to the Joule-Thomson effect.
  • the pressures and temperatures required for liquefaction by expansion are given to a clean gas stream 11 by a compression and cooling unit 10, the power of which is fed by energy generators 12 on the production platform or ship A; furthermore, the compressed gas at pressures which are generally higher than the critical pressure of the gas mixture, via a high-pressure supply line 25, which is led directly or via buoyancy elements or buoys B to the LNG tanker, an expansion group 30 for generating approximately 1 bar of liquid LNG supplied; Finally, the non-liquefied residual gases 36, 37 are compressed with a compressor group 40 and returned to the production platform or ship A at approximately 30 bar via a return line 26, which is similar to the high-pressure supply line 25.
  • the compression and cooling unit 10 consists of compressors 13, 14 with drive and energy generator 12, from coolers 17, 22 with cooling media 23, 24 and from liquid separators 15, 16, which convey separated liquid components back into the production area 2 via a return line 5.
  • the expansion group 30 essentially consists of a pre-cooler 28 with a downstream expansion stage 31 and liquid separator 29, which feeds the gaseous part as cooling medium via the pre-cooler 28 into the return line 26 and the liquid portion of a cold box 27, which in this case has two expansion stages 32, 33 with downstream separators 34 and from which the liquid LNG is drawn off.
  • the non-liquefied residual gases from the cold box 27 are drawn off by the compressors 41, 42 via feed lines 36, 37, 39 and compressed through feed line 38 through an aftercooler 48 with cooling medium 49 into a return line 26.
  • the compressor group 40 has two housings 41, 42 and is driven by a back pressure steam turbine 43 in order to keep the space requirements for wet steam lines and for the condenser 46 within reasonable limits.
  • the steam is fed in from the steam boiler of the LNG tanker C via a feed line 44.
  • the condensate is subcooled in a condensate cooler 50 by a liquid cooling medium 53.
  • the condensate is transported by a condensate pump 51 with line 47 back to the steam boiler and for the cooling medium 53 by a liquid pump 52.
  • the process can be supported by the cooling effect of the evaporators 60, 70, 80 of closed refrigeration circuits, which are before the first compression of the clean gas 11 and / or as an intercooler during compression and / or as an additional precooler before the first expansion stage 31.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Procédé d'extraction de gaz naturel de gisements marins, dans lequel le gaz non épuré arrive sur une plate-forme ou un navire de production (A), est soumis à une désacidification (7) et/ou à une épuration du gaz carbonique (6) et de l'eau (8) et envoyé à un navire-citerne de GNL (C) destiné à la liquéfaction par détente, caractérisé en ce que les pressions et les températures nécessaires à la liquéfaction par refroidissement préalable et détente sont produites, pour un courant de gaz épuré (11), déjà avec la puissance des générateurs d'énergie (12) de la plate-forme ou du navire de production (A), avant que ce courant ne parvienne, par une conduite d'alimentation (25) à haute pression, sur le navire-citerne de GNL, et en ce qu'au moins un compresseur (41, 42), placé sur le navire-citerne de GNL (C), renvoie les gaz résiduels non liquéfiés à la plate-forme ou au navire de production (A), par une conduite de retour (26).
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un compresseur (13, 14), qui produit la pression d'état maximale pour le gaz en circulation est installé sur la plate-forme ou sur le navire de production (A).
3. Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement des compresseurs (13, 14) placés sur la plate-forme ou le navire de production (A), en vue de l'augmentation de pression du gaz épuré (11), s'effectue au moyen d'une turbine à gaz (12) à la chambre de combustion de laquelle les gaz résiduels (26) non liquéfiés sont eux aussi renvoyés.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des installations de chaudière à vapeur, présentes sur le navire-citerne de GNL (C) pour l'entraînement des compresseurs (41, 42), sont utilisées pour les gaz résiduels (26) non liquéfiés, par l'intermédiaire de turbines à vapeur à contre-pression (43).
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un étage de détente (32, 33) au moins est utilisé dans une cold box (27).
6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est fixé sur le pont du navire-citerne de GNL (C), des ensembles autoporteurs qui contiennent un groupe de détente (30) pour la précipitation du gaz naturel liquéfié et/ou un groupe compresseur (40) avec mécanisme d'entraînement (43) pour le recyclage des gaz résiduels non liquéfiés.
7. Procédé d'extraction de gaz naturel selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que pour faciliter le procédé, on a recours à des circuits fermés de réfrigération dont les évaporateurs (60, 70), placés sur la plate-forme de production ou sur le navire de production (A), empruntent de la chaleur supplémentaire au gaz épuré (11), afin de précipiter les composants plus lourds pour entretenir le procédé et afin d'économiser un travail de compression.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que pour faciliter le procédé, on a recours à des circuits fermés de réfrigération dont les évaporateurs (80), placés sur le navire-citerne de GNL (C), empruntent de la chaleur supplémentaire, avant la cold box (27), au gaz comprimé, en vue de sa liquéfaction.
EP90810212A 1989-04-17 1990-03-19 Méthode pour la récupération de gaz naturel Expired - Lifetime EP0394187B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1445/89 1989-04-17
CH144589 1989-04-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0394187A2 EP0394187A2 (fr) 1990-10-24
EP0394187A3 EP0394187A3 (en) 1990-11-28
EP0394187B1 true EP0394187B1 (fr) 1992-07-15

Family

ID=4210633

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90810212A Expired - Lifetime EP0394187B1 (fr) 1989-04-17 1990-03-19 Méthode pour la récupération de gaz naturel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5025860A (fr)
EP (1) EP0394187B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2966884B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU619972B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2013605C (fr)
DE (1) DE59000200D1 (fr)
NO (1) NO180005C (fr)

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NO901665D0 (no) 1990-04-11
EP0394187A2 (fr) 1990-10-24
US5025860A (en) 1991-06-25
NO901665L (no) 1990-10-18
AU619972B2 (en) 1992-02-06
NO180005B (no) 1996-10-21
JP2966884B2 (ja) 1999-10-25
AU5325790A (en) 1990-10-18
CA2013605A1 (fr) 1990-10-17
JPH02296990A (ja) 1990-12-07
EP0394187A3 (en) 1990-11-28
NO180005C (no) 1997-01-29
DE59000200D1 (de) 1992-08-20
CA2013605C (fr) 1999-11-09

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