EP0392068A1 - Vacuum induction furnace - Google Patents

Vacuum induction furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0392068A1
EP0392068A1 EP89106750A EP89106750A EP0392068A1 EP 0392068 A1 EP0392068 A1 EP 0392068A1 EP 89106750 A EP89106750 A EP 89106750A EP 89106750 A EP89106750 A EP 89106750A EP 0392068 A1 EP0392068 A1 EP 0392068A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crucible
vacuum induction
inductor
induction furnace
furnace according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP89106750A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sergei Leonidovich Sheffer
Alexandr Pavlovich Gubchenko
Ivan Iliich Glebov
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VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
Original Assignee
VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
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Application filed by VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO filed Critical VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
Priority to EP89106750A priority Critical patent/EP0392068A1/en
Publication of EP0392068A1 publication Critical patent/EP0392068A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
    • F27B14/063—Skull melting type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/12—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces with electromagnetic fields acting directly on the material being heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/02—Observation or illuminating devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0015—Induction heating
    • F27D2099/0018—Relative movement of the coil and the charge during the heat treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum induction furnace of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a vacuum induction furnace of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • known vacuum induction furnaces for melting and remelting special steels and precision alloys the removal of a finished ingot from the vacuum chamber presents considerable difficulties and requires the furnace to be shut down.
  • a vacuum induction furnace is known from SU-A 1 032 868, the hollow cylindrical crucible of which is assembled from cooled wall segments which are electrically insulated from one another and enclosed in a jacket made of non-conductive material and is surrounded by an inductor. At the top of the crucible there is a sealed lid, on which devices for guiding and monitoring the melting process are arranged. At the lower end of the crucible, a lid is attached under it with a cooled metal team to hold the melt.
  • the melting performance of this vacuum induction furnace is relatively low because the molten metal remains in the crucible until it has completely crystallized, whereupon the furnace has to be opened and the crucible with the ingot has to be pulled out of the chamber. As a result, the replacement of a worn crucible takes a considerable amount of time.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the time required to carry out the preparatory work associated with furnace operation between the metal melting processes and thus to increase the throughput of the vacuum induction furnace.
  • the vacuum induction furnace which is a crucible, the side surface of which is formed by electrically insulated from one another, enclosed in a jacket made of non-conductive material, cooled metal sections, an inductor enclosing the crucible, an upper cover with manufacturing devices arranged thereon for carrying out and monitoring the metal melting process and includes a lower lid connected to the crucible with a cooled metal team attached thereon, the crucible with the possibility of a reciprocating vertical movement with respect to the non-conductive material shell hermetically connected to the upper lid and jacket of the crucible housed inductor is arranged.
  • the vacuum induction furnace shown contains a crucible 1, the side walls of which are electrically insulated from one another, in a jacket 3 made of non-conductive material, for. B. is formed from a glass fiber composition, enclosed metallic, preferably copper segments 2 with cooling lines.
  • a lid 4 is arranged, on which a cooled metal combination 5 is fastened, which is hermetically connected to the jacket 3 of the crucible 1 by means of a seal 6.
  • an insertion cone 7 is formed in order to facilitate the introduction of the crucible 1 into the effective space of an inductor 8 with the aid of a mechanism 9 for a reciprocating vertical movement.
  • the inductor 8 is housed in a sleeve 10 made of non-conductive material, which has a radial flange 11 with a seal 12 for hermetically sealed connection to a has upper cover 13.
  • a sleeve seal or a packing gland is embedded, which is supported on a pressure ring 15.
  • connectors 16 for mounting devices for guiding and monitoring the melting process, for. B. a dosing device, thermocouples, crowbars for upsetting the load and for breaking bridges, observation devices.
  • the electrical heating elements of the inductor 10 are embedded in a hollow cylindrical extension on the base plate 11 of the upper cover 3, a support ring 15 for holding the ring seal 14 being arranged on the hollow cylindrical extension.
  • the height of the vertically movable crucible 1 is substantially greater than the height of the inductor 10.
  • the crucible which is designed as a double-walled nozzle, can be inserted with its upper conical end 7 into the hermetically sealed interior of the lid 3.
  • the work of the vacuum induction furnace is as follows:
  • a charge is inserted into the cooled metal crucible 1, after which it is inserted into the vacuum ring seal 14 by the mechanism 9 with its insertion cone 7.
  • the crucible 1 is brought into the upper end position and evacuated.
  • the heating and melting of the feed material is started.
  • the crucible 1 is melted tion left lowered.
  • the melt produced is refined and crystallized out when the inductor 8 is switched off and the crucible is cooled. If necessary, the ingot obtained is subjected to zone melting again by moving the crucible 1 with respect to the inductor 8 at a speed required by the technology.
  • the vacuum in the furnace is released without waiting for the ingot to solidify completely.
  • the crucible 1 is led out of the working space of the inductor 8 and pushed to the side.
  • a new crucible 1 is introduced, which has been prepared in advance for a subsequent melting process.
  • the ingot is pulled out of the first, and the crucible 1 with the team 5 is prepared for the next melting process.
  • the performance is significantly increased by using exchangeable crucibles 1, which reduces the production time between the melting processes.
  • the process for removing the finished ingot and cleaning the team 5 from the crusts and scrap residues is also considerably simplified.
  • the invention can be used for melting high-melting, chemically active metals in cooled metal crucibles and also for zone melting of metal bars for the purpose of cleaning them from non-metallic and gas inclusions.

Abstract

The vacuum induction furnace contains a crucible (1) whose side walls are formed by cooled metal segments (2) which are electrically insulated from one another. The crucible (1) is housed in a jacket (3) of non-conductive material and is surrounded by an inductor (8). In addition, the crucible (1) is arranged such that it moves to and fro in the inductor (8). The inductor elements are housed in a hollow-cylindrical projection (10) of non-conductive material, which is connected in a hermetically sealed manner to an upper cover (13). Devices (16) for conducting and monitoring the melting process are arranged on the cover (13). A lower cover (4), with a cooled bottom plate (5) mounted thereon, is connected in a hermetically sealed manner to the jacket (3) of the crucible (1). This allows the crucible (1) with the bottom plate (5) to be replaced quickly with a new one after completion of the melting process. The removal of the ingot from the crucible (1) and the cleaning of the bottom plate (5) of the crusts and scrap residues take place outside the furnace. This increases the furnace performance. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Vakuuminduktionsofen der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung. Bei bekannten Vakuuminduktionsöfen zum Schmelzen und Um­schmelzen von Sonderstählen und Präzisionslegierungen bereitet die Entnahme eines fertigen Barrens aus der Va­kuumkammer erhebliche Schwierigkeiten und verlangt ein Stillsetzen des Ofens.The invention relates to a vacuum induction furnace of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1. In known vacuum induction furnaces for melting and remelting special steels and precision alloys, the removal of a finished ingot from the vacuum chamber presents considerable difficulties and requires the furnace to be shut down.

Aus der SU-A 1 032 868 ist ein Vakuuminduktionsofen bekannt, dessen hohlzylindrischer Tiegel aus elektrisch gegeneinan­der isolierten, in einem Mantel aus nichtleitendem Material eingeschlossenen gekühlten Wandsegmenten zusammengebaut und von einem Induktor umgeben ist. Am oberen Ende des Tiegels ist ein Deckel abgedichtet montiert, an dem Ein­richtungen zur Führung und Überwachung des Schmelzvorgangs angeordnet sind. Am unteren Endteil des Tiegels ist ein unter er Deckel mit einem gekühlten Metallgespann zur Hal­terung der Schmelze befestigt. Die Schmelzleistung dieses Vakuuminduktionsofens ist relativ gering, weil das geschmol­zene Metall bis zur vollständigen Auskristallisation im Tiegel verbleibt, worauf der Ofen geöffnet und der Tiegel mit dem Barren aus der Kammer herausgezogen werden muß. Demzufolge beansprucht der Austausch eines verschlissenen Tiegels eine erhebliche Zeit.A vacuum induction furnace is known from SU-A 1 032 868, the hollow cylindrical crucible of which is assembled from cooled wall segments which are electrically insulated from one another and enclosed in a jacket made of non-conductive material and is surrounded by an inductor. At the top of the crucible there is a sealed lid, on which devices for guiding and monitoring the melting process are arranged. At the lower end of the crucible, a lid is attached under it with a cooled metal team to hold the melt. The melting performance of this vacuum induction furnace is relatively low because the molten metal remains in the crucible until it has completely crystallized, whereupon the furnace has to be opened and the crucible with the ingot has to be pulled out of the chamber. As a result, the replacement of a worn crucible takes a considerable amount of time.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die für die Durch­führung der mit der Ofenbedienung zusammenhängenden Vorbe­reitungsarbeiten benötigte Zeit zwischen den Metallschmelz­vorgängen zu reduzieren und damit die Durchsatzleistung des Vakuuminduktionsofens zu steigern.The invention has for its object to reduce the time required to carry out the preparatory work associated with furnace operation between the metal melting processes and thus to increase the throughput of the vacuum induction furnace.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß in dem Vakuuminduktionsofen, der einen Tiegel, dessen Sei­tenfläche durch elektrisch gegeneinander isolierte, in einem Mantel aus nichtleitendem Material eingeschlossene gekühlte Metallsektionen gebildet ist, einen den Tiegel umschließenden Induktor, einen oberen Deckel mit daran angeordneten Fertigungseinrichtungen zur Durchführung und Überwachung des Metallschmelzvorgangs und einen mit dem Tiegel verbundenen unteren Deckel mit einem darauf befestig­ten gekühlten Metallgespann enthält, der Tiegel mit der Möglichkeit einer hin- uns hergehenden Senkrechtbewegung bezüglich des in einer mit dem oberen Deckel und dem Mantel des Tiegels hermetisch verbundenen Hülle aus nichtleiten­dem Material untergebrachten Induktors angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in that in the vacuum induction furnace, which is a crucible, the side surface of which is formed by electrically insulated from one another, enclosed in a jacket made of non-conductive material, cooled metal sections, an inductor enclosing the crucible, an upper cover with manufacturing devices arranged thereon for carrying out and monitoring the metal melting process and includes a lower lid connected to the crucible with a cooled metal team attached thereon, the crucible with the possibility of a reciprocating vertical movement with respect to the non-conductive material shell hermetically connected to the upper lid and jacket of the crucible housed inductor is arranged.

Die Erfindung gestattet es, mehrere Tiegel mit den daran befestigten Gespannen zu verwenden und sie in den Induktor mit Hilfe eines Mechanismus für eine hin- und hergehende Senkrechtbewegung einzusetzen. Dies gibt die Möglichkeit, das Gespann von Krusten und Schrottrückständen zu putzen und einen Barren aus dem Tiegel außerhalb des Ofens heraus­zunehmen sowie den Tiegel nach Abschluß des Metallschmelz­vorgangs schnell gegen einen neuen auszuwechseln, wodurch die Zeit zwischen den Schmelzvorgängen verkürzt wird. Außer­dem kann der erfindungsgemäße Ofen in automatischen Takt­straßen zum Metallschmelzen und -gießen eingesetzt werden.

  • Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert, in der ein Vakuuminduktionsofen im Längs­schnitt dargestellt ist.
The invention allows multiple crucibles with the fixed teams and use them in the inductor with the help of a mechanism for a reciprocating vertical movement. This allows the crust and scrap residues to be cleaned and an ingot removed from the crucible outside the furnace, and the crucible can be quickly replaced with a new one after the metal melting process has been completed, thereby reducing the time between the melting processes. In addition, the furnace according to the invention can be used in automatic cycle lines for metal melting and casting.
  • The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing, in which a vacuum induction furnace is shown in longitudinal section.

Der dargestellte Vakuuminduktionsofen enthält einen Tiegel 1, dessen Seitenwände aus elektrisch gegeneinander iso­lierten, in einem Mantel 3 aus nichtleitendem Material, z. B. aus einer Glasfaserkomposition, eingeschlossenen metallischen, vorzugsweise kupfernen Segmenten 2 mit Kühl­leitungen gebildet ist. Im unteren Teil des Tiegels 1 ist ein Deckel 4 angeordnet, auf dem ein gekühltes Metallge­spann 5 befestigt ist, das mittels einer Dichtung 6 mit dem Mantel 3 des Tiegels 1 hermetisch verbunden ist. Im oberen Teil des Tiegels 1 ist ein Einführungskonus 7 ausge­bildet, um die Einführung des Tiegels 1 in den Wirkraum eines Induktors 8 mit Hilfe eines Mechanismus 9 für eine hin- und hergehende Vertikalbewegung zu erleichtern. Der Induktor 8 ist in einer Hülle 10 aus nichtleitendem Ma­terial untergebracht, die einen Radialflansch 11 mit einer Dichtung 12 zur hermetisch dichten Verbindung mit einem oberen Deckel 13 aufweist. Im unteren Teil der Hülle 10 ist in ihrer Innenwand eine Ringnut ausgebildet, in der zur hermetischen Abdichtung der Hülle 10 gegen den Tiegel­mantel 3 eine Vakuumdichtung 14, z. B. eine Manschetten­dichtung oder eine Packungsstopfbuchse, eingelassen ist, die auf einem Andrückring 15 abgestützt ist. Am oberen Deckel 13 sind Stutzen 16 zur Montage von Einrichtungen zur Führung und Überwachung des Schmelzvorgangs, z. B. ein Dosiergerät, Thermopaare, Brecheisen zum Stauchen des Beschickungsguts und zum Durchschlagen von Brücken, Be­obachtungsgeräte angeordnet. Die elektrischen Heizelemente des Induktors 10 sind in einem hohlzylindrischen Ansatz an der Bodenplatte 11 des oberen Deckels 3 eingebettet, wobei am hohlzylindrischen Ansatz ein Tragring 15 zur Halte­rung der Ringdichtung 14 angeordnet ist. Zum zonenweisen Schmelzen ist die Höhe des vertikal bewegbaren Tiegels 1 wesentlich größer als die Höhe des Induktors 10. Der als doppelwandiger Stutzen ausgeführte Tiegel ist mit seinem oberen konischen Ende 7 in den hermetisch abgedichteten Innenraum des Deckels 3 einschiebbar.The vacuum induction furnace shown contains a crucible 1, the side walls of which are electrically insulated from one another, in a jacket 3 made of non-conductive material, for. B. is formed from a glass fiber composition, enclosed metallic, preferably copper segments 2 with cooling lines. In the lower part of the crucible 1, a lid 4 is arranged, on which a cooled metal combination 5 is fastened, which is hermetically connected to the jacket 3 of the crucible 1 by means of a seal 6. In the upper part of the crucible 1, an insertion cone 7 is formed in order to facilitate the introduction of the crucible 1 into the effective space of an inductor 8 with the aid of a mechanism 9 for a reciprocating vertical movement. The inductor 8 is housed in a sleeve 10 made of non-conductive material, which has a radial flange 11 with a seal 12 for hermetically sealed connection to a has upper cover 13. In the lower part of the casing 10, an annular groove is formed in its inner wall, in which a vacuum seal 14, for. B. a sleeve seal or a packing gland is embedded, which is supported on a pressure ring 15. On the upper cover 13 are connectors 16 for mounting devices for guiding and monitoring the melting process, for. B. a dosing device, thermocouples, crowbars for upsetting the load and for breaking bridges, observation devices. The electrical heating elements of the inductor 10 are embedded in a hollow cylindrical extension on the base plate 11 of the upper cover 3, a support ring 15 for holding the ring seal 14 being arranged on the hollow cylindrical extension. For zone-by-zone melting, the height of the vertically movable crucible 1 is substantially greater than the height of the inductor 10. The crucible, which is designed as a double-walled nozzle, can be inserted with its upper conical end 7 into the hermetically sealed interior of the lid 3.

Die Arbeit des Vakuuminduktionsofens ist folgede:The work of the vacuum induction furnace is as follows:

In den gekühlten Metalltiegel 1 wird ein Beschickungsgut eingesetzt, worauf er mit seinem Einführungskonus 7 durch den Mechanismus 9 in die Vakuumringdichtung 14 eingeführt wird. Nach einer Prüfung der Dichtheit und der richtigen Montage wird der Tiegel 1 in die obere Endstellung gebracht und evakuiert. Durch Anlegen einer Spannung an den Induk­tor 8 wird mit dem Beheizen und dem Aufschmelzen des Be­schickungsguts begonnen. In dem Maße der Schmelzung des Beschickungsguts wird der Tiegel 1 gemäß der Schmelzfüh­ rung abgesenkt gelassen. Nach dem Einsatz von Zusatzmitteln und/oder zusätzlichen Chargen an Beschickungsgut wird die erzeugte Schmelze raffiniert, und bei abgeschaltetem In­duktor 8 sowie gekühltem Tiegel auskristallisiert. Falls nötig, wird der erhaltene Barren einem Zonenschmelzen durch Verschiebung des Tiegels 1 bezüglich des Induktors 8 mit einer nach der Technologie erforderlichen Geschwindigkeit erneut unterzogen. Sobald sich auf der Schmelze eine Kruste gebildet hat, wird der Unterdruck im Ofen aufgehoben, ohne ein vollständiges Erstarren des Barrens abzuwarten. Um die Kristallisation der Schmelze zu Ende zu führen, wird der Tiegel 1 aus dem Arbeitsraum des Induktors 8 herausge­führt und zur Seite geschoben. An seine Stelle wird ein neuer Tiegel 1 eingeführt, der für einen nächstfolgenden Schmelzvorgang im voraus bereitgestellt worden ist. Während des Schmelzvorgangs im zweiten Tiegel 1 wird aus dem ersten der Barren herausgezogen, und der Tiegel 1 mit dem Gespann 5 werden auf den nächstfolgenden Schmelzvorgang vorberei­tet.A charge is inserted into the cooled metal crucible 1, after which it is inserted into the vacuum ring seal 14 by the mechanism 9 with its insertion cone 7. After checking the tightness and correct assembly, the crucible 1 is brought into the upper end position and evacuated. By applying a voltage to the inductor 8, the heating and melting of the feed material is started. To the extent of the melting of the feed material, the crucible 1 is melted tion left lowered. After the use of additives and / or additional batches of feed material, the melt produced is refined and crystallized out when the inductor 8 is switched off and the crucible is cooled. If necessary, the ingot obtained is subjected to zone melting again by moving the crucible 1 with respect to the inductor 8 at a speed required by the technology. As soon as a crust has formed on the melt, the vacuum in the furnace is released without waiting for the ingot to solidify completely. In order to complete the crystallization of the melt, the crucible 1 is led out of the working space of the inductor 8 and pushed to the side. In its place, a new crucible 1 is introduced, which has been prepared in advance for a subsequent melting process. During the melting process in the second crucible 1, the ingot is pulled out of the first, and the crucible 1 with the team 5 is prepared for the next melting process.

Beim erfindungsgemäßen Vakuuminduktionsofen ist die Lei­stung durch Anwendung von austauschbaren Tiegeln 1 wesent­lich gesteigert, was die Fertigungszeit zwischen den Schmelzvorgängen verringert. Wesentlich vereinfacht ist auch der Arbeitsgang zur Herausnahme des fertigen Barrens und zum Putzen des Gespanns 5 von den Krusten und Schrott­rückständen.In the vacuum induction furnace according to the invention, the performance is significantly increased by using exchangeable crucibles 1, which reduces the production time between the melting processes. The process for removing the finished ingot and cleaning the team 5 from the crusts and scrap residues is also considerably simplified.

Die Erfindung kann zum Schmelzen von hochschmelzenden, chemisch wirksamen Metallen in gekühlten Metalltiegeln sowie auch für ein Zonenschmelzen von Metallbarren zwecks ihrer Reinigung von nichtmetallischen und Gaseinschlüssen, für ein Vakuumglühen von Graphiterzeugnissen bei Tempera­turen von ca. 3000 °K sowie zur Herstellung von Verbundwerk­stoffen verwendet werden.The invention can be used for melting high-melting, chemically active metals in cooled metal crucibles and also for zone melting of metal bars for the purpose of cleaning them from non-metallic and gas inclusions. can be used for vacuum annealing of graphite products at temperatures of approx. 3000 ° K and for the production of composite materials.

Claims (6)

1. Vakuuminduktionsofen, bestehend
aus einem hohlen Tiegel (1), dessen Seitenwände von elektrisch gegeneinander isolierten, in einem Mantel (3) aus nichtleitendem Material eingeschlossenen gekühl­ten Metallsegmenten (2) gebildet ist,
aus einem den Tiegel (1) umgebenden Induktor (8),
aus einem oberen Deckel (13) mit daran angeordneten Ein­richtungen zur Führung und Überwachung des Schmelzvor­gangs und
aus einem am Tiegel (1) befestigten unteren Deckel (4) mit einem darauf angeordneten gekühlten Metallgespann (5),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Tiegel (1) axial bewegbar im Induktor (10) ange­ordnet und durch eine Gleitdichtung (14) gegen diesen abgedichtet ist.1. Vacuum induction furnace, consisting
a hollow crucible (1), the side walls of which are formed by cooled metal segments (2) which are electrically insulated from one another and enclosed in a jacket (3) made of non-conductive material,
an inductor (8) surrounding the crucible (1),
from an upper cover (13) with devices arranged thereon for guiding and monitoring the melting process and
a lower lid (4) fastened to the crucible (1) with a cooled metal combination (5) arranged thereon,
characterized,
that the crucible (1) is axially movable in the inductor (10) and is sealed against it by a sliding seal (14). 2. Vakuuminduktionsofen nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die elektrischen Heizelemente des Induktors in einem hohlzylindrischen Ansatz an der Bodenplatte (11) des oberen Deckels (3) eingebettet sind.2. Vacuum induction furnace according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the electrical heating elements of the inductor are embedded in a hollow cylindrical extension on the base plate (11) of the upper cover (3). 3. Vakuuminduktionsofen nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß am hohlzylindrischen Ansatz ein Tragring (15) zur Halterung der Ringdichtung (14) angeordnet ist.3. vacuum induction furnace according to claim 2,
characterized,
that a support ring (15) for holding the ring seal (14) is arranged on the hollow cylindrical approach. 4. Vakuuminduktionsofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zum zonenweisen Schmelzen die Höhe des vertikal bewegbaren Tiegels (1) wesentlich größer als die Höhe des Induktors (10) ist.4. Vacuum induction furnace according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that for zone-wise melting, the height of the vertically movable crucible (1) is substantially greater than the height of the inductor (10). 5. Vakuuminduktionsofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der als doppelwandiger Stutzen ausgeführte Tiegel (1) mit seinem oberen konischen Ende (7) in den herme­tisch abgedichteten Innenraum des Deckels einschiebbar ist.5. Vacuum induction furnace according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the crucible (1), designed as a double-walled nozzle, can be inserted with its upper conical end (7) into the hermetically sealed interior of the cover. 6. Vakuuminduktionsofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß am unteren Gespann (4) des Tiegels (1) ein Heb- und Senk-Mechanismus mit einem Antrieb (9) angreift.6. Vacuum induction furnace according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that on the lower team (4) of the crucible (1) acts a lifting and lowering mechanism with a drive (9).
EP89106750A 1989-04-14 1989-04-14 Vacuum induction furnace Withdrawn EP0392068A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89106750A EP0392068A1 (en) 1989-04-14 1989-04-14 Vacuum induction furnace

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89106750A EP0392068A1 (en) 1989-04-14 1989-04-14 Vacuum induction furnace

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0392068A1 true EP0392068A1 (en) 1990-10-17

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Family Applications (1)

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EP89106750A Withdrawn EP0392068A1 (en) 1989-04-14 1989-04-14 Vacuum induction furnace

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EP (1) EP0392068A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2695197A1 (en) * 1992-08-26 1994-03-04 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Induction melting apparatus isolated from the atmosphere.
CN114857930A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-08-05 兴化市顺杰高温合金制品有限公司 Vacuum induction furnace for high-temperature alloy smelting

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1042787B (en) * 1956-06-09 1958-11-06 Dr Habil Hugo Josef Seemann Vacuum induction melting furnace
BE648889A (en) * 1963-06-17 1964-10-01
GB979711A (en) * 1960-05-21 1965-01-06 Heraeus Gmbh W C Improvements in or relating to the induction melting of metals
US4202997A (en) * 1977-03-01 1980-05-13 Wooding Corporation Atmospheric control of flux pre-melting furnace
EP0276544A1 (en) * 1986-12-04 1988-08-03 The Duriron Company, Inc. Method for induction melting reactive metals and alloys

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1042787B (en) * 1956-06-09 1958-11-06 Dr Habil Hugo Josef Seemann Vacuum induction melting furnace
GB979711A (en) * 1960-05-21 1965-01-06 Heraeus Gmbh W C Improvements in or relating to the induction melting of metals
BE648889A (en) * 1963-06-17 1964-10-01
US4202997A (en) * 1977-03-01 1980-05-13 Wooding Corporation Atmospheric control of flux pre-melting furnace
EP0276544A1 (en) * 1986-12-04 1988-08-03 The Duriron Company, Inc. Method for induction melting reactive metals and alloys

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2695197A1 (en) * 1992-08-26 1994-03-04 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Induction melting apparatus isolated from the atmosphere.
CN114857930A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-08-05 兴化市顺杰高温合金制品有限公司 Vacuum induction furnace for high-temperature alloy smelting

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