EP0391719A1 - Fil électrique pour la production de chaleur - Google Patents

Fil électrique pour la production de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0391719A1
EP0391719A1 EP90303675A EP90303675A EP0391719A1 EP 0391719 A1 EP0391719 A1 EP 0391719A1 EP 90303675 A EP90303675 A EP 90303675A EP 90303675 A EP90303675 A EP 90303675A EP 0391719 A1 EP0391719 A1 EP 0391719A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric wire
heat
generative
alloy
alloy wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90303675A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Junichi Sasaki
Shuichi Higashioa
Tooru Kojima
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Furukawa Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Publication of EP0391719A1 publication Critical patent/EP0391719A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat-generative electric wire capable of preventing the adherence and accumulation of snow or ice to and on overhead electric wires.
  • a proposed solution to this problem involves a plurality of snow-adherence suppression rings being disposed at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the periphery of the overhead electric wire. This prevents the attached snow or ice from extending along the stranded groove and causes it to fall before it becomes excessively large.
  • this method there is the problem that vinyl plastic hothouses, cars or the like lying directly below the overhead electric wire may be damaged by the fall of snow or ice.
  • the amount of heat generated by the above magnetic alloy varies signif icantly depending on the amount of electric power transmitted by the overhead electric wire. Generally, the heat generated is small when the amount of power transmitted is small, and tends to increase as the amount of power transmitted becomes larger.
  • electrolytic corrosion and rusting may occur in the overhead electric wire, depending on the composition of the magnetic alloy wound round the overhead electric wire, thereby reducing the effective diameter.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a heat-generative electric wire which can generate an amount of heat, even in the case of low electric power transmission, which is sufficiently large to melt snow or ice attached thereto and to prevent the formation of a cylindrical form of snow or lump of ice, but which does not generate excessive heating where a large amount of electric power is transmitted.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a heat-generative electric wire in which electrolytic corrosion of an overhead electric wire due to the magnetic alloy is suppressed.
  • a still another object of this invention is to provide a heat-generative electric wire on which the magnetic alloy can be easily wound.
  • Ni-Fe alloys are suitable materials as the magnetic alloy. They made further experiments and researches to find that these Ni-Fe alloys may have different heat generating characteristics in cases where the power transmission is small and large, depending on the amount of Ni contained therein.
  • heat-generative electric wire comprising a Ni-Fe alloy wire member containing 45 to 80 % by weight of Ni with the remaining portion being substantially Fe and which is wound on or stranded with the outermost layer of an overhead electric wire.
  • the alloy wire member may, for example contain a small amount (e.g. up to 1% by weight) of Mn, Cr, Al, Si or the like in addition to Fe as the remaining portion.
  • the Ni-Fe alloy wire member has a metal coating formed on the surface thereof.
  • Ni-Fe alloy wire members wound on or stranded with the outermost layer of an overhead electric wire tend to generate an excessive amount of heat at high power transmission levels when the amount of Ni contained therein is less than 45% by weight (which is hereinafter simply expressed by %). Furthermore, the amount of heat generated when the power transmitted is low tends to be inadequate if the amount of Ni is more than 80%, thereby preventing a sufficiently effective snow or ice melting effect from being attained.
  • the content of Ni in alloys used in accordance with the invention is thus 45-80%, more preferably 47 to 54% and most preferably, 50 to 52%.
  • the Ni-Fe series alloy wire member Since the Ni-Fe series alloy wire member has a large relative magnetic permeability, it generates a sufficient amount of heat to melt snow or ice even where the power transmitted along the overhead electric wire is small. Further, since the Ni-Fe alloy wire member may reach magnetic saturation (when the magnetic flux density B of the magnetic metal wire member is saturated) by a weak magnetic field H, the heat generated does not alter substantially even if the power transmitted becomes large. Thus it is unnecessary to limit the power transmitted to suppress excessive temperature rise in the overhead electric wire. Therefore, the heat-generative electric wire of this invention may provide a sufficiently large snow or ice melting effect even in the period of time from midnight to early morning during which the power transmitted is small and snow or ice adherence may easily occur. Further, in the daytime when the power transmitted is larger, it does not cause an accelerated temperature rise of the overhead electric wire.
  • a heat-generative electric wire 1 of this invention has a Ni-Fe alloy wire member 3 wound on the outermost layer of a overhead electric wire 2.
  • Heat-generative electric wires 1 were formed by winding Ni-Fe alloy wire members 3 containing various amounts of Ni onto the overhead electric wire 2 formed of aluminum conductor steel reinforced (ACSR) having a cross sectional area of 610 mm2 . The surface temperature of the alloy wire member 3 at the time of conducting current through the overhead electric wire 2 was measured.
  • ACR aluminum conductor steel reinforced
  • the amount of Ni contained in the alloy wire member 3 was set to 35, 40, 46, 51, 60, 70 and 80 % producing seven cold-extended wire members with a diameter of 2.6 mm. These were sequentially would at regular intervals on the overhead electric wire 2 in a direction opposite to that of the stranding direction of the outermost layer thereof. Then, as shown in Fig. 2, the heat-generative electric wire 1 having seven kinds of alloy wire members 3 wound thereon was connected to a current supplying transformer 4. The surface temperatures of the alloy wire members 3 were measured when A.C. currents of 100 A and 800 A were supplied to the overhead electric wire 2 in a thermostatic laboratory kept at -4°C.
  • the alloy wire members 3 were wound on the overhead electric wire 2 at a distance of more than 1 m from one another so as to prevent mutual thermal influence.
  • a thermocouple was used and the surface temperatures measured by the thermocouple were recorded by use of a chopper bar type recorder.
  • Fig. 3 The result of the measurement is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the abscissa indicates the content (%) of Ni and the ordinate indicates the surface temperature (°C) of each alloy wire member 3.
  • the surface temperature of each alloy wire member 3 was raised to such a temperature as to melt snow, that is, to 10 to 18°C even when the amount of current supply was as small as 100 A. Further, when the power transmission was as large as 800 A, the surface temperature of each alloy wire member 3 fell in a temperature range of 20 to 45 °C.
  • the temperature was excessively raised when the power transmission was large, and the surface temperature was extremely low when the power transmission was small.
  • the surface temperatures of the alloy wire member 3 were respectively approx. 2 °C and 3 °C when the power transmission amount was 100 A, and respectively approximately 140 °C and 80 °C when the power transmission amount was 800 A.
  • each of the alloy wire members 3 was wound on the overhead electric wire 2 in a stranding direction of the outermost layer.
  • the surface temperature of each alloy wire member 3 was measured in the same manner as in the former embodiment. Substantially the same result as in the former embodiment was obtained. There occurred no difference in the amount of generated heat even when the Ni-Fe series alloy wire member 3 was wound on the overhead electric wire in any direction with respect to the stranding direction of the outermost layer thereof.
  • the heat-generative electric wire 1 has the Ni-Fe alloy wire member 3 wound on the outermost layer of the overhead electric wire 2, but similar snow melting effects may be obtained when the Ni-Fe series alloy wire members 3 are stranded with strands 2a constituting the outermost layer of the overhead electric wire 2 as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the alloy wire members 3 are stranded with the strands 2a, it is preferable equally to distribute the Ni-Fe alloy wire members 3 amongst the strands 2a constituting the outermost layer in a ration of 1:3 to 1:2 by number.
  • a circular-form wire having a circular section is illustrated as the Ni-Fe alloy wire member 3, but a wire of any other desired form, such as a wire having a rectangular section or a tape-like wire, can be used.
  • Cold-drawing wire members containing 50.5 to 52%, of Ni, 0.20 to 0.35% of Mn, less than 0.20% of Si and Fe as the remaining portion and having a diameter of 2.6 mm were used as the alloy wire member 3, and a Zn coating was formed to a thickness of 0.035 mm on the alloy wire member 3 by plating.
  • the alloy wire members 3 were wound on the overhead electric wire 2 constructed in the same manner as in the embodiment 1 in a direction opposite to that of the stranding direction of the outermost layer thereof. Then, the overhead electric wire 2 was connected to the current supplying transformer 4 shown in Fig. 2 under the same measurement condition as in the embodiment 1, and A.C. currents of 50 A, 80 A, 100 A, 150 A and 200 A were supplied thereto. Then, a temperature rise ⁇ T which is the difference between the room temperature (-4 °C) and the surface temperature of the alloy wire member 3 after the current supply was measured.
  • Fig. 6 The result is shown in Fig. 6 together with the measurement result used as a comparison example and relating to a heat-generative electric wire having the alloy wire member 3 with no Zn coating but otherwise being of the same composition wound thereon.
  • the abscissa indicates a current value (A)
  • the ordinate indicates the temperature rise ⁇ T (°C)
  • the results of this invention and the comparison example are respectively indicated by ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • the heat generation amount increases by approx. 20 % maximum when a Zn coating is formed on the alloy wire members 3, and thus the snow or ice melting effect can be enhanced.
  • antirust tests were effected in which salt water was sprayed for 1500 hours onto heat-generative electric wire 1 having either alloy wire members 3 with a Zn coating or alloy wire members 3 without a Zn coating while currents (100A) were supplied to them.
  • the heat-generative electric wire 1 having alloy wire members without a Zn coating showed an electrolyte corrosion phenomenon between the overhead electric wire 2 and the alloy wire member, and mu rust occurred in the overhead electric wire 2, thus reducing the effective diameter.
  • the heat-generative electric wire 1 having alloy wire members 3 with a Zn coating the water repellency was enhanced and occurrence of rust due to the electrolyte corrosion was not observed.
  • Fig. 7 shows an embodiment in which the alloy wire member 3 is pre-formed in a spiral form with a preset pitch, and this alloy wire member 3 is preferable since it can be rapidly mounted on an overhead electric wire 2 which has already been constructed, for example.
  • Alloy wire members 3 having various pitches from 1.5 up to five times the diameter D of the overhead electric wire 2 and previously formed in a spiral form were prepared. They were mounted on the respective overhead electric wires 2 having a cross sectional area of 610 mm2 and formed in the same manner as in the embodiment 1 as shown in Fig. 7. The temperature rise ⁇ T caused when an A.C. current of 100 A was supplied was measured.
  • the heat generation characteristic curve obtained as the result is shown in Fig. 8.
  • the abscissa indicates a winding pitch P (mm) expressed by the multiple of the diameter D (mm) and the ordinate indicates the temperature rise ⁇ T (°C).
  • the winding pitch P was set to 1.3D, 1.5D, 2.1D, 2.6D, 3.0D, 3.3D, 4.2D and 4.9D.
  • the pitch P (mm) at which the alloy wire member 3 is wound on the overhead electric wire 2 is preferably set in the range of 1.5 to 3 times the diameter D of the overhead electric wire 2 indicated by an arrow in Fig. 8.
  • the three alloy wire members 3 integrally pre-formed in a spiral form can be coated with Zn or other metals on the surface thereof.
  • protection members 5 shown in Figs. 10 and 11 are preferably mounted on both ends of the alloy wire member 3 wound on the overhead electric wire 2 to protect the overhead electric wire 2.
  • the protection member 5 is formed of semi-spherical half-divided bodies 6 and 7 coupled by use of a hinge.
  • the half-divided bodies 6 and 7 respectively have recesses 6a and 7a formed in the respective inner portions, and they are coupled by a bolt 8 and a nut 9 fixed in grooves 6b and 7b formed in the outer central portions thereof.
  • the protection member 5 is disposed to shield the end of the alloy wire member 3 arranged as shown in Fig. 10 with the recesses 6a and 7a previously filled with filler 10 such as grease, silicone-series filler or the like.
  • Occurrence of corona discharge between the overhead electric wire 2 and the alloy wire member 3 can be prevented by mounting the protection member 5. Further, the alloy wire member 3 wound on the overhead electric wire 2 can be prevented from becoming loose.

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  • Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP90303675A 1989-04-05 1990-04-05 Fil électrique pour la production de chaleur Withdrawn EP0391719A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP86587/89 1989-04-05
JP8658789 1989-04-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0391719A1 true EP0391719A1 (fr) 1990-10-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90303675A Withdrawn EP0391719A1 (fr) 1989-04-05 1990-04-05 Fil électrique pour la production de chaleur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0391719A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR900017050A (fr)
CA (1) CA2013792A1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ233190A (fr)

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NZ233190A (en) 1992-01-29
CA2013792A1 (fr) 1990-10-05
KR900017050A (ko) 1990-11-15

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