EP0391507A1 - Valve system of internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Valve system of internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0391507A1 EP0391507A1 EP90250079A EP90250079A EP0391507A1 EP 0391507 A1 EP0391507 A1 EP 0391507A1 EP 90250079 A EP90250079 A EP 90250079A EP 90250079 A EP90250079 A EP 90250079A EP 0391507 A1 EP0391507 A1 EP 0391507A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- valve
- hydraulic fluid
- sub
- main
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an accumulator type valve system for controlling opening and closing of an exhaust valve or an intake valve for a Diesel engine.
- Figure 8 shows the prior art accumulator type valve system.
- the system comprises a five-port directional control valve 01 which controls a hydraulic fluid that is pressurized by a pump 010 and accumulated to a predetermined pressure in an accumulator 011, a cam 02, a tappet roller and a cam shaft 04 that drive the control valve, an actuator which moves an intake and exhaust valve 06 provided on a cylinder head 05 by means of the hydraulic fluid, and pipelines 08 and 09.
- Figure 8 shows the state in which the tappet roller 03 is on the base circle (namely, the valley) part of the cam 02, the control valve 01 is introducing the hydraulic fluid to a lower chamber 07a of the actuator 07 through the pipeline 09, and the intake and exhaust valve 06 is closed by being moved upward under the force of the hydraulic fluid.
- the prior art apparatus requires five ports for the control valve 01 which makes its structure complex and large-sized, moreover, there are needed two high pressure tubes 08 and 09 and the actuator 07 is complicated and necessarily large-sized.
- the prior art device makes use of a hydraulic fluid at high pressure for opening and closing the input and exhaust valve 06, and the high pressure hydraulic fluid is drained into the tank 010a and discarded after operating the actuator 07, whereby increasing the consumption of the hydraulic fluid and the energy loss.
- the prior art device has a problem that it is difficult to control the opening and closing and the seating of the intake and exhaust valve.
- the valve system for the internal combustion engine in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that; the piston consists of a small-diameter main piston and a large-diameter sub-piston; and a main communicating port which supplies the hydraulic fluid to the top surface of the main piston, a sub-communicating port which supplies the hydraulic fluid to the top surface of the sub-piston, and a drainage port which drains the hydraulic fluid that acted on the sub-piston are drilled in a cylinder which guides the piston in an oiltight manner, the main- and sub-communicating ports and the drainage port are arranged so as to be opened and closed by the sliding motion of the main piston and the sub-piston, respectively, and the
- the actuator is given a structure in which the high pressure hydraulic fluid is used exclusively for the opening of the intake and exhaust valve, and the energy of the valve spring stored accompanying the lift of the intake and exhaust valve is used for opening the valve.
- the structures of the control valve, the high pressure pipelines and the actuator are simplified and made small-sized, and it becomes possible to reduce the consumption of the high pressure hydraulic fluid at the time of valve opening and to save the driving energy.
- FIG. 1 is an overall sectional diagram of the system and FIGS. 2 to 7 are sectional diagrams of the important parts for explaining the action of the actuator of the system and FIG. 8 is a sectional diagram showing the parts corresponding to FIG. 1 of the prior art system.
- FIGS. 1 through 7 an embodiment of the present invention will now be described next.
- FIG. 1 which shows the principal structure of the valve system of the exhaust valve in the Diesel engine
- 1 is a three-port directional control valve, and a piston 1a is driven in the vertical direction via a tappet roller 3 by a cam 2 fixed to a cam shaft 4.
- the piston 1a slides freely by keeping oil tightness within a cylinder 1b equipped with a hydraulic fluid inlet port 1c, an outlet and inlet port 1d and a drainage port 1e.
- Reference numeral 8 is a high pressure pipe which connects the control valve 1 to the actuator 7.
- the actuator 7 consists of a main body 20, a cylinder 21, a piston 22, a cover 23 and a check valve unit 30.
- a main communicating port 21a connects an inlet and outlet port 20a of the main body 20 and the upper chamber 7b of the cylinder 21.
- the sub-communicating port 21b connects the inlet and outlet port 20a of the main body 20 and the intermediate chamber 7c.
- the intermediate port 21c connects a return port 20b of the main body 20 and the intermediate chamber 7c.
- the lower port 21d connects the return port 20b of the main body 20 and the lower chamber 7a.
- the oil passage 21e connects the main communicating port 21a and the check valve unit 30.
- the piston 22 has a small-diameter main piston 22a which partitions the upper chamber 7b and the intermediate chamber 7c, and a large-diameter sub-piston 22b which partitions the intermediate chamber 7c and the lower chamber 7a.
- the main piston 22a and the sub-piston 22b respectively slide on the inside of the cylinder 21 in oil-tight manner.
- the check valve unit 30 has a valve plug 30b which is oil-tightly guided on the inside of a guide 30f and is energized upward by a stopper 30C and a spring 30a.
- the valve plug 30b disconnects the oil passage 21e and the upper chamber 7b with its tip abutted on a seat 30d.
- the valve plug 30b blocks the flow of the hydraulic fluid from the upper chamber 7b to the oil passage 21e, but permits the flow of the hydraulic fluid from the oil passage 21e to the upper chamber 7b.
- the check valve 30 has an orifice 30e at an end of the oil passage 21e. The orifice 30e is for discharging air that is mixed in the hydraulic fluid to the outside of the actuator 7 along with the fluid.
- the exhaust valve 6 slides within a guide 15 fixed to a cylinder head 5 and is energized in the upward direction by a pneumatic valve spring 40.
- the upper end of a valve stem 6a of the exhaust valve 6 is abutted on the piston 22.
- a piston 41 is arranged via a cone sleeve 43 around the valve stem 6a of the exhaust valve 6, and the piston 41 is pressure-fitted to the cone sleeve 43 by means of a presser 44.
- the piston 41 is air-tightly guided in the piston 41. Pressurized air is supplied to the interior of the cylinder 42 from an air tank 45 through an air hole 42a, whereby forming a pneumatic valve spring 40 within the cylinder 42.
- the actuator 7 is fixed to the upper part of the cylinder 42.
- a hydraulic power source 10 consists of a tank 10a, a filter 10b, a high-pressure pump 10C, an accumulator 10d, and the like, wherein a high-pressure hydraulic fluid is sent by the pump 10C to the accumulator 10d and the accumulator stores the high-pressure hydraulic fluid.
- the tappet roller 3 is lifted with the rotation of the cam shaft 4, the piston 1a is raised to disconnect the drainage port 1e from the outlet and inlet port 1d, and the outlet and inlet port 1d is communicated with the inlet port 1c.
- the hydraulic fluid in the accumulator 10d is supplied to the inlet and outlet port 20a of the actuator 7 via the control valve 1, whereby a portion of the fluid is supplied from the inlet and outlet port 20a to the upper chamber 7b via the main communicating port 21a, the oil passage 21e and the check valve unit 30, while the remaining portion is supplied to the intermediate chamber 7c from the inlet and outlet port 20a via the sub-communicating port 21b.
- FIG. 3 depicts the state of the system at the time the main communicating port 21a is just about to be communicated with the upper chamber 7b.
- the valve plug 30b of the check valve unit 30 which has been separated from the seat 30d up to this point is thereafter brought into contact with the seat 30d under the direct inflow of the hydraulic fluid through the main communicating port 21a into the upper chamber 7b, and the communication of the oil passage 21e with the upper chamber 7b is interrupted.
- the piston 22 is further moved downward and the state shown in FIG. 4 is reached.
- the state in FIG. 4 is reached.
- FIG. 5 depicts the condition at the time when the intermediate chamber 7c is just about to be communicated with the intermediate port 21c. It should be noted that the system is designed such that the fluid in the intermediate chamber 7c is allowed to expand during the displacement ⁇ 1 (see FIG. 4) of the piston 22 from the position in FIG.
- the fluid in the intermediate chamber 7c is discharged to the intermediate port 21c by the main piston 22a under the condition of positive pressure.
- the drain oil in the intermediate port 21c is drained to the tank 10a of the hydraulic power source 10 via the return port 20b.
- the hydraulic fluid that enters the upper chamber 7b from the inlet and outlet port 20a via the main communicating port 21a acts on the top surface of the main piston 22a, so that the piston 22 is moved downward in the direction of the arrow ⁇ and reaches the condition shown in FIG. 6.
- the condition in FIG. 6 illustrates the timing at which the lower chamber 7a and the lower port 21d are just about to be disconnected.
- the piston 22 moves in the direction of the arrow -- ⁇ in FIG. 2 to FIG. 6.
- the cam 2 starts rotating from the state in FIG. 6 and the tappet roller 3 reaches the base circle and the piston 1a of the control valve 1 achieve the state in FIG. 1, the high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the upper chamber 7b is drained into the tank 10a of the hydraulic power source 10 via the main- and sub-communicating ports 21a and 21b, the inlet and outlet port 20a and the high-pressure tube 8 through the control valve 1.
- the exhaust valve 6 is energized upward via the cone sleeve 43 and the presser 44 by the pneumatic pressure of the pneumatic valve spring 40 that acts on a piston 41.
- the valve closing motion is achieved by the pneumatic valve spring 40.
- FIG. 7(a) shows the relationship between the lift l of the piston 22 and the crank angle ⁇ k , and FIG.
- FIG. 7(b) shows the relationship between the exhaust valve resistance F v , forces F1 and F2 acting on the piston 22 and the crank angle ⁇ k .
- l1 indicates the distance during which the hydraulic fluid acts on the main- and sub-pistons as shown in FIG. 2.
- the interval of the lift from l1 to l max corresponds to the period during which the hydraulic fluid acts only on the main piston 22a.
- a primary cushioning is operative for the period corresponding to the displacement ⁇ 1 which decelerates the upward motion of the piston 22, and a secondary cushioning is operative for the period corresponding to the displacement ⁇ 2, so that it is possible to optimally control the seating speed of the exhaust valve, whereby prolonging the service life of the exhaust valve.
- control valve 1 is operated by mechanically driving the piston 1a with the cam 2.
- the structure of the control valve is simplified to involve only three ports, the number of the high-pressure pipes is reduced to one, and the construction of the actuator is correspondingly simplified.
- there are created cushioning actions due to the hydraulic pressure which eliminate the mechanically colliding parts, and it becomes possible to optimally control the seating of the exhaust valve by causing the valve to terminate its valve-opening cycles in a gentle manner.
- the hydraulic fluid is arranged to act on the piston in two stages in response to the resistance of the exhaust valve, the consumption of the hydraulic fluid is suppressed to a necessary minimum, and the driving energy of the hydraulic fluid is reduced, whereby contributing markedly to the reduction of the power loss.
- valve system of the present invention can naturally be applied also to an intake valve.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an accumulator type valve system for controlling opening and closing of an exhaust valve or an intake valve for a Diesel engine.
- Figure 8 shows the prior art accumulator type valve system. The system comprises a five-port directional control valve 01 which controls a hydraulic fluid that is pressurized by a pump 010 and accumulated to a predetermined pressure in an
accumulator 011, acam 02, a tappet roller and acam shaft 04 that drive the control valve, an actuator which moves an intake andexhaust valve 06 provided on acylinder head 05 by means of the hydraulic fluid, andpipelines tappet roller 03 is on the base circle (namely, the valley) part of thecam 02, the control valve 01 is introducing the hydraulic fluid to alower chamber 07a of theactuator 07 through thepipeline 09, and the intake andexhaust valve 06 is closed by being moved upward under the force of the hydraulic fluid. In this situation the hydraulic fluid in anupper chamber 07b of theactuator 07 is drained into a tank 010a of the pump 010 through thepipeline 08 and the control valve 01. When thetappet roller 03 is lifted as a result of rotation of thecam 02, the hydraulic fluid in thelower chamber 07a is drained into the tank 010a through thepipeline 09 and the control valve 01, and the high pressure hydraulic fluid in theaccumulator 011 acts on theupper chamber 07b via the control valve 01 and thepipeline 08. The force of the hydraulic fluid moves the intake andexhaust valve 06 downward against the pressure in the cylinder that acts on the intake andexhaust valve 06, whereby causing the intake and exhaust valve to open. When the lift of thetappet roller 03 is decreased and reaches the base circle of the cam by a further rotation of thecam 02, the control valve 01 takes on the state in the figure and the intake andexhaust valve 06 is closed by the upward motion as described above. - As in the above, the prior art apparatus requires five ports for the control valve 01 which makes its structure complex and large-sized, moreover, there are needed two
high pressure tubes actuator 07 is complicated and necessarily large-sized. In addition, the prior art device makes use of a hydraulic fluid at high pressure for opening and closing the input andexhaust valve 06, and the high pressure hydraulic fluid is drained into the tank 010a and discarded after operating theactuator 07, whereby increasing the consumption of the hydraulic fluid and the energy loss. Moreover, the prior art device has a problem that it is difficult to control the opening and closing and the seating of the intake and exhaust valve. - It is the object of the present invention to provide a valve system for an internal combustion engine which enables to eliminate problems occurring in the prior art system, to simplify the structures of the control valve and the actuator, to optimally control the valve closing speed, and to suppress the consumption of the hydraulic fluid to a necessary minimum and markedly reduce the power loss by performing the valve closing by means of the spring force.
- In a valve system equipped with an accumulator-incorporated hydraulic power source which stores the hydraulic fluid by pressuring the fluid, an actuator having a hydraulic fluid operated piston which drives the intake valve or the exhaust valve, and a control valve which supplies the hydraulic fluid in the accumulator to the actuator in a controlled manner, the valve system for the internal combustion engine in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that; the piston consists of a small-diameter main piston and a large-diameter sub-piston; and a main communicating port which supplies the hydraulic fluid to the top surface of the main piston, a sub-communicating port which supplies the hydraulic fluid to the top surface of the sub-piston, and a drainage port which drains the hydraulic fluid that acted on the sub-piston are drilled in a cylinder which guides the piston in an oiltight manner, the main- and sub-communicating ports and the drainage port are arranged so as to be opened and closed by the sliding motion of the main piston and the sub-piston, respectively, and the intake and exhaust valve is equipped with a valve spring which enerizes the valve in the direction of the valve closing.
- Namely, in the present invention the actuator is given a structure in which the high pressure hydraulic fluid is used exclusively for the opening of the intake and exhaust valve, and the energy of the valve spring stored accompanying the lift of the intake and exhaust valve is used for opening the valve.
- With the above arrangement, the structures of the control valve, the high pressure pipelines and the actuator are simplified and made small-sized, and it becomes possible to reduce the consumption of the high pressure hydraulic fluid at the time of valve opening and to save the driving energy.
- Figures 1 through 7 show an embodiment of the valve system in accordance with the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 is an overall sectional diagram of the system and FIGS. 2 to 7 are sectional diagrams of the important parts for explaining the action of the actuator of the system and FIG. 8 is a sectional diagram showing the parts corresponding to FIG. 1 of the prior art system.
- Referring to FIGS. 1 through 7, an embodiment of the present invention will now be described next.
- In FIG. 1 which shows the principal structure of the valve system of the exhaust valve in the Diesel engine, 1 is a three-port directional control valve, and a piston 1a is driven in the vertical direction via a
tappet roller 3 by acam 2 fixed to a cam shaft 4. The piston 1a slides freely by keeping oil tightness within a cylinder 1b equipped with a hydraulic fluid inlet port 1c, an outlet and inlet port 1d and a drainage port 1e.Reference numeral 8 is a high pressure pipe which connects the control valve 1 to theactuator 7. Theactuator 7 consists of amain body 20, acylinder 21, apiston 22, acover 23 and acheck valve unit 30. In thecylinder 21 there are formed anupper chamber 7b, anintermediate chamber 7c and alower chamber 7a, and on the circumferential wall of the cylinder there are formed a main communicatingport 21a, a sub-communicating port 21b, anintermediate port 21c, a lower port 21d and an oil passage 21e. The main communicatingport 21a connects an inlet andoutlet port 20a of themain body 20 and theupper chamber 7b of thecylinder 21. The sub-communicating port 21b connects the inlet andoutlet port 20a of themain body 20 and theintermediate chamber 7c. Theintermediate port 21c connects areturn port 20b of themain body 20 and theintermediate chamber 7c. The lower port 21d connects thereturn port 20b of themain body 20 and thelower chamber 7a. The oil passage 21e connects the main communicatingport 21a and thecheck valve unit 30. Thepiston 22 has a small-diametermain piston 22a which partitions theupper chamber 7b and theintermediate chamber 7c, and a large-diameter sub-piston 22b which partitions theintermediate chamber 7c and thelower chamber 7a. Themain piston 22a and thesub-piston 22b respectively slide on the inside of thecylinder 21 in oil-tight manner. Thecheck valve unit 30 has avalve plug 30b which is oil-tightly guided on the inside of aguide 30f and is energized upward by a stopper 30C and a spring 30a. Thevalve plug 30b disconnects the oil passage 21e and theupper chamber 7b with its tip abutted on aseat 30d. Thevalve plug 30b blocks the flow of the hydraulic fluid from theupper chamber 7b to the oil passage 21e, but permits the flow of the hydraulic fluid from the oil passage 21e to theupper chamber 7b. Further, thecheck valve 30 has anorifice 30e at an end of the oil passage 21e. Theorifice 30e is for discharging air that is mixed in the hydraulic fluid to the outside of theactuator 7 along with the fluid. - The
exhaust valve 6 slides within aguide 15 fixed to acylinder head 5 and is energized in the upward direction by apneumatic valve spring 40. The upper end of a valve stem 6a of theexhaust valve 6 is abutted on thepiston 22. Apiston 41 is arranged via acone sleeve 43 around the valve stem 6a of theexhaust valve 6, and thepiston 41 is pressure-fitted to thecone sleeve 43 by means of apresser 44. Thepiston 41 is air-tightly guided in thepiston 41. Pressurized air is supplied to the interior of thecylinder 42 from anair tank 45 through anair hole 42a, whereby forming apneumatic valve spring 40 within thecylinder 42. Theactuator 7 is fixed to the upper part of thecylinder 42. - A
hydraulic power source 10 consists of a tank 10a, a filter 10b, a high-pressure pump 10C, anaccumulator 10d, and the like, wherein a high-pressure hydraulic fluid is sent by the pump 10C to theaccumulator 10d and the accumulator stores the high-pressure hydraulic fluid. - Next, the valve opening operation of the
exhaust valve 6 will be described. - Referring to FIG. 2, the
tappet roller 3 is lifted with the rotation of the cam shaft 4, the piston 1a is raised to disconnect the drainage port 1e from the outlet and inlet port 1d, and the outlet and inlet port 1d is communicated with the inlet port 1c. As the piston 1a is further raised later, the hydraulic fluid in theaccumulator 10d is supplied to the inlet andoutlet port 20a of theactuator 7 via the control valve 1, whereby a portion of the fluid is supplied from the inlet andoutlet port 20a to theupper chamber 7b via the main communicatingport 21a, the oil passage 21e and thecheck valve unit 30, while the remaining portion is supplied to theintermediate chamber 7c from the inlet andoutlet port 20a via the sub-communicating port 21b. Under the action of these portions of the high-pressure hydraulic fluid thepiston 22 is moved downward in the direction of the arrow → to be brought to the condition as illustrated in FIG. 3. Figure 3 depicts the state of the system at the time the main communicatingport 21a is just about to be communicated with theupper chamber 7b. Thevalve plug 30b of thecheck valve unit 30 which has been separated from theseat 30d up to this point is thereafter brought into contact with theseat 30d under the direct inflow of the hydraulic fluid through the main communicatingport 21a into theupper chamber 7b, and the communication of the oil passage 21e with theupper chamber 7b is interrupted. Thepiston 22 is further moved downward and the state shown in FIG. 4 is reached. The state in FIG. 4 depicts the situation which the communication of the sub-communicating port 21b with theintermediate chamber 7c is about to be interrupted. With a further downward motion, from this condition, of the piston in the direction of the arrow →, the hydraulic fluid acts only on the top surface of themain piston 22a without acting on the top surface of thesub-piston 22b. Then, thepiston 22 is lowered and the state shown in FIG. 5 is reached. The state in FIG. 5 depicts the condition at the time when theintermediate chamber 7c is just about to be communicated with theintermediate port 21c. It should be noted that the system is designed such that the fluid in theintermediate chamber 7c is allowed to expand during the displacement δ₁ (see FIG. 4) of thepiston 22 from the position in FIG. 4 to that in FIG. 5, but following the condition in FIG. 5 the fluid in theintermediate chamber 7c is discharged to theintermediate port 21c by themain piston 22a under the condition of positive pressure. The drain oil in theintermediate port 21c is drained to the tank 10a of thehydraulic power source 10 via thereturn port 20b. The hydraulic fluid that enters theupper chamber 7b from the inlet andoutlet port 20a via the main communicatingport 21a acts on the top surface of themain piston 22a, so that thepiston 22 is moved downward in the direction of the arrow → and reaches the condition shown in FIG. 6. The condition in FIG. 6 illustrates the timing at which thelower chamber 7a and the lower port 21d are just about to be disconnected. With a further downward motion of thepiston 22, the pressure of the fluid within thelower chamber 7a is raised because of the sealing, and the fall of thepiston 22 is brought to a gentle stop by the pressure of the hydraulic fluid. Namely, thelower chamber 7a forms a cushion chamber, and the valve-opening motion is completed by the achievement of a maximum lift position (ℓmax in FIG. 7) by theexhaust valve 6. It is to be noted that although the hydraulic fluid is further kept acting on the top surface of themain piston 22a via the inlet andoutlet port 20a, the main- andsub-communicating ports 21a and 21b and theupper chamber 7b, theexhaust valve 6 is not moved. However, the pressure within thecylinder 42 of the pneumatic valve spring has been increased during the above period. - Next, the valve-closing operation of the
exhaust valve 6 will be described. - During the operation the
piston 22 moves in the direction of the arrow --→ in FIG. 2 to FIG. 6. When thecam 2 starts rotating from the state in FIG. 6 and thetappet roller 3 reaches the base circle and the piston 1a of the control valve 1 achieve the state in FIG. 1, the high-pressure hydraulic fluid in theupper chamber 7b is drained into the tank 10a of thehydraulic power source 10 via the main- andsub-communicating ports 21a and 21b, the inlet andoutlet port 20a and the high-pressure tube 8 through the control valve 1. Theexhaust valve 6 is energized upward via thecone sleeve 43 and thepresser 44 by the pneumatic pressure of thepneumatic valve spring 40 that acts on apiston 41. The valve closing motion is achieved by thepneumatic valve spring 40. When the state in FIG. 6 goes to that of FIG. 5, theintermediate chamber 7c is closed by the sub-piston 22b. Thereafter, the hydraulic pressure theintermediate chamber 7c goes up accompanying the rise of thepiston 22, performs a primary cushioning action by the fluid pressure during the displacement δ₁ shown in FIG. 4, and gently decelerates the speed of upward motion of thepiston 22. When thepiston 22 reaches the condition in FIG. 3 by a further motion of thepiston 22 in the direction of the arrow --→, the communication of theupper chamber 7b with the main communicatingport 21a is interrupted. Since, however, theseat 30d of thecheck valve unit 30 is closed, the pressure of the fluid in theupper chamber 7b is raised thereafter and theupper chamber 7b forms a fluid pressure cushioning chamber. The speed of the upward motion of thepiston 22 is further decreased accompanying the secondary cushioning action of theupper chamber 7b shown in FIG. 2. During the displacement δ₂ until the seating of theexhaust valve 6, the speed of theexhaust valve 6 is so controlled as to be optimum for the valve seating to terminate the upward movement, completing the valve-closing operation. The motion described in the above is represented by diagrams in which FIG. 7(a) shows the relationship between the lift ℓ of thepiston 22 and the crank angle ϑk, and FIG. 7(b) shows the relationship between the exhaust valve resistance Fv, forces F₁ and F₂ acting on thepiston 22 and the crank angle ϑk. In FIG. 7(a), ℓ₁ indicates the distance during which the hydraulic fluid acts on the main- and sub-pistons as shown in FIG. 2. The pressure P of the hydraulic fluid, diameter ds of the sub-piston and the lift ℓ₁ are related to the force F₁ pressing the exhaust valve downward and the consumption of the hydraulic fluid by the following relations:
F₁ =
Q₁ =
where the force F₁ and the exhaust valve resistance Fv satisfies the inequality F₁>Fv. - The interval of the lift from ℓ₁ to ℓmax corresponds to the period during which the hydraulic fluid acts only on the
main piston 22a. The diameter dm of the main piston is related to the force F₂ pressing the exhaust valve downward and the consumption Q₂ of the hydraulic fluid by the following relations:
F₂ =
Q₂ =
where the force F₂ and the exhaust valve resistance Fv satisfies the inequality F₂>Fv. -
- Moreover, during the valve-closing movement over a distance ℓ₂, a primary cushioning is operative for the period corresponding to the displacement δ₁ which decelerates the upward motion of the
piston 22, and a secondary cushioning is operative for the period corresponding to the displacement δ₂, so that it is possible to optimally control the seating speed of the exhaust valve, whereby prolonging the service life of the exhaust valve. - It should be noted that in the above description the control valve 1 is operated by mechanically driving the piston 1a with the
cam 2. However, it is also possible to drive the piston 1a electrically or to use an electromagnetic valve as the control valve. - With the aforementioned construction of the present invention, the structure of the control valve is simplified to involve only three ports, the number of the high-pressure pipes is reduced to one, and the construction of the actuator is correspondingly simplified. As a result, there are created cushioning actions due to the hydraulic pressure which eliminate the mechanically colliding parts, and it becomes possible to optimally control the seating of the exhaust valve by causing the valve to terminate its valve-opening cycles in a gentle manner.
- Moreover, the hydraulic fluid is arranged to act on the piston in two stages in response to the resistance of the exhaust valve, the consumption of the hydraulic fluid is suppressed to a necessary minimum, and the driving energy of the hydraulic fluid is reduced, whereby contributing markedly to the reduction of the power loss.
- Furthermore, although the aforementioned embodiments are described in conjunction with the valve system of an exhaust valve, the valve system of the present invention can naturally be applied also to an intake valve.
Claims (1)
- In a valve system equipped with a hydraulic power source having an accumulator which stores a hydraulic fluid by pressurizing the fluid, an actuator having a piston activated by the hydraulic fluid which drives an intake valve or an exhaust valve, and a control valve which supplies the hydraulic fluid in said accumulator to said actuator in a controlled manner, the valve system for an internal combustion engine characterized in that said piston (22) comprises a main piston (22a) with small diameter and a sub-piston (22b) with large diameter, and a main communicating port (21a) for supplying the hydraulic fluid on the top surface of the main piston (22a), a sub-communicating port (21b) for supplying the hydraulic fluid on the top surface of the sub-piston (22b) and drainage ports (21c) and (21d) for draining the hydraulic fluid that acted on the sub-piston (22b) are drilled in a cylinder (21) that oil-tightly guides the piston (22), whereby the main- and sub-communicating ports (21a), (21b) and the drainage ports (21c), (21d) are arranged so as to be opened and closed by the sliding of the main piston (22a) and the sub-piston (22b), respectively, and a spring is disposed so as to energize an intake and exhaust valve (6) in the direction of closing the valve (6).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP81526/89 | 1989-04-03 | ||
JP1081526A JP2664986B2 (en) | 1989-04-03 | 1989-04-03 | Valve train for internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0391507A1 true EP0391507A1 (en) | 1990-10-10 |
EP0391507B1 EP0391507B1 (en) | 1994-05-25 |
Family
ID=13748773
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90250079A Expired - Lifetime EP0391507B1 (en) | 1989-04-03 | 1990-03-22 | Valve system of internal combustion engine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0391507B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2664986B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR920008919B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69009097T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0391507T3 (en) |
Cited By (13)
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EP0455937A1 (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1991-11-13 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve driving apparatus of an internal combustion engine |
EP0468571A1 (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-01-29 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Hydraulically propelled pneumatically returned valve actuator |
WO1995003490A1 (en) * | 1993-07-24 | 1995-02-02 | Carding Specialists (Canada) Limited | Hydraulically actuated cylinder valve |
WO1996004469A1 (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1996-02-15 | Caterpillar Inc. | Hydraulically actuated valve system |
EP0721057A1 (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1996-07-10 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Electric actuator for spool valve control of electrohydraulic valvetrain |
EP0721058A1 (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1996-07-10 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Spool valve control of an electrohydraulic camless valvetrain |
WO1996022466A2 (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-07-25 | Carding Specialists (Canada) Limited | Hydraulically operated actuator |
US5586526A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1996-12-24 | Man B&W Diesel A/S | Large two-stroke internal combustion engine |
WO2003027450A1 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-04-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulically controlled actuator for actuating a valve |
WO2003038246A2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-05-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulic actuator for a gas exchange valve |
WO2004051058A1 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine |
CN104169532A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2014-11-26 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | A hydraulic valve arrangement for controllably operating a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion piston engine |
CN114087076A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-02-25 | 龙口中宇热管理系统科技有限公司 | Engine cylinder closing valve control device and method |
Families Citing this family (3)
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KR100819970B1 (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2008-04-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Electric capacity displacement sensor |
JP4953250B2 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2012-06-13 | 社団法人日本舶用工業会 | Intake / exhaust valve drive system |
CN114135358B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-08-26 | 中船动力研究院有限公司 | Control driving device for valve mechanism and internal combustion engine |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1246315B (en) * | 1962-06-27 | 1967-08-03 | Mitsubishi Shipbuilding & Eng | Hydraulic actuation device for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
GB2102065A (en) * | 1981-07-07 | 1983-01-26 | Sulzer Ag | An inlet or exhaust valve assembly for an internal combustion engine |
-
1989
- 1989-04-03 JP JP1081526A patent/JP2664986B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-03-22 EP EP90250079A patent/EP0391507B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-03-22 DK DK90250079.2T patent/DK0391507T3/en active
- 1990-03-22 DE DE69009097T patent/DE69009097T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-03 KR KR1019900004580A patent/KR920008919B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1246315B (en) * | 1962-06-27 | 1967-08-03 | Mitsubishi Shipbuilding & Eng | Hydraulic actuation device for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
GB2102065A (en) * | 1981-07-07 | 1983-01-26 | Sulzer Ag | An inlet or exhaust valve assembly for an internal combustion engine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 9, no. 168 (M-396)(1891) 13 July 1985, & JP-A-60 40711 (YANMAR) 04 March 1985, * |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0455937A1 (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1991-11-13 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve driving apparatus of an internal combustion engine |
EP0468571A1 (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1992-01-29 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Hydraulically propelled pneumatically returned valve actuator |
US5586526A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1996-12-24 | Man B&W Diesel A/S | Large two-stroke internal combustion engine |
WO1995003490A1 (en) * | 1993-07-24 | 1995-02-02 | Carding Specialists (Canada) Limited | Hydraulically actuated cylinder valve |
WO1996004469A1 (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1996-02-15 | Caterpillar Inc. | Hydraulically actuated valve system |
EP0721057A1 (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1996-07-10 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Electric actuator for spool valve control of electrohydraulic valvetrain |
EP0721058A1 (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1996-07-10 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Spool valve control of an electrohydraulic camless valvetrain |
WO1996022466A3 (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-09-12 | Carding Spec Canada | Hydraulically operated actuator |
WO1996022466A2 (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-07-25 | Carding Specialists (Canada) Limited | Hydraulically operated actuator |
US6857403B2 (en) | 2001-09-07 | 2005-02-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulically controlled actuator for activating a valve |
WO2003027450A1 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-04-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulically controlled actuator for actuating a valve |
WO2003038246A2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-05-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulic actuator for a gas exchange valve |
WO2003038246A3 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-08-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Hydraulic actuator for a gas exchange valve |
US6776129B2 (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2004-08-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydraulic actuator for a gas exchange valve |
WO2004051058A1 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine |
US7360517B2 (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2008-04-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine |
CN104169532A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2014-11-26 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | A hydraulic valve arrangement for controllably operating a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion piston engine |
CN104169532B (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2016-06-22 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | For controllably operating the fluid pressure valve device of the gas exchange valve of internal combustion piston engine |
CN114087076A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-02-25 | 龙口中宇热管理系统科技有限公司 | Engine cylinder closing valve control device and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH02264104A (en) | 1990-10-26 |
KR920008919B1 (en) | 1992-10-12 |
JP2664986B2 (en) | 1997-10-22 |
EP0391507B1 (en) | 1994-05-25 |
DK0391507T3 (en) | 1994-06-20 |
KR900016589A (en) | 1990-11-13 |
DE69009097D1 (en) | 1994-06-30 |
DE69009097T2 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
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