EP0390890B1 - Installation for producing flat textile bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

A flat textile body is composed of adjacent bands (2) that extend in the perpendicular direction to its main center-plane (M). Each band has marginal sections (4) made of woven or knitted warp (6) and woof threads (8). Between the marginal sections at least most of the woof threads are floating threads. Adjacent marginal sections (4) of adjacent bands (2) are not linked to each other by purely mechanical means, i.e. glued or soldered. The resulting flat body is easy to produce in a precise manner and is very versatile. In particular, it can be cut along its main center-plane (M) into two symmetrical pile carpet plates.

Description

The invention relates to a plant for producing flat textile bodies.

Such flat bodies can be used in very different ways, for example as a thermal insulation board, soundproofing board, reinforcement for plastics, filter board and in particular also for the production of pile carpet boards.

Over the past few decades, many efforts have been made to improve productivity in the manufacture of pile carpet panels while at the same time making patterning easier.

In DE-PS 579 482 and GB-PS 472 707, pile carpets are formed by means of individual threads (sheets of yarn) and intermediate layers by gluing, but these have only low strength, since the pile threads are glued to each other only over a small area without any mechanical connection . In DE-PS 1 071 040 a block is formed by embedding layers of individual threads in a fixing agent, which block is broken down into plates by cutting. Here too, the strength of the base is too low due to the lack of a mechanical connection.

GB-PS 589 908 describes the production of a pile carpet by means of strips, which are created by cutting a fabric web. In the middle of the strips are warp threads, which are applied to a surface by gluing or sewing. The cut weft threads floating freely on the left and right of the warp threads become The pile threads are bent up and form the visible part of the carpet, the density of which is adjusted by the spacing of the stripes. Due to the cumbersome application of the stripes on the substrate, this method has not yet become established.

DE-PS 830 042 describes a method in which non-woven materials, such as yarns, are pressed into bales, cut into slices and coated or glued to one of the free surfaces.

In FR-OS 2 044 778 pile carpets are described, the pile of which consists of weft-folded fabric webs. The fabric sheet is folded zigzag until a block is created. Coated layers are successively cut off from this, so that the formerly floating weft threads are glued in the coating at one end and form the surface of the pile carpet at the other end. The mechanical anchoring of the pile threads is also missing here, which leads to a lower durability of the carpet.

The problem of anchoring the pile threads was the subject of CH-PS 401 892. There the individual pile rows are glued on both sides with ribbon-shaped intermediate layers and thus pile rows are joined together on pile row. This results in a very stable bond and high quality pile carpets.

The process described in CH-PS 521 114 applies the pile material consisting of fiber sheets in groups across the ribbon-shaped intermediate layers. The fibers are then cut off so that they are flush with one longitudinal edge of the ribbon and protrude beyond the other longitudinal edge of the ribbon. By stacking several layers In this way, pinned threads are formed into blocks from which pile carpet panels can be made by cutting them in layers. Disadvantages of this method were, on the one hand, the lack of mechanical anchoring of the pile threads and, on the other hand, the complicated or complicated positioning of the pile threads on the band-shaped intermediate layers.

CH-PS 546 564 describes a pile carpet and a method for its production which seeks to improve the above disadvantages. The pile now consists of floating weft threads of a fabric web, the warp threads of which are arranged in such a way and bind the weft threads in such a way that they form the later base of the pile carpet. The fabric web is wound up (docked) in an intermediate step and only cut into strips in a next step and glued to one another in such a way that the warp threads come to lie on one another and form the carpet base, while the floating weft threads form the carpet pile. As intensive tests have shown in the meantime, a major disadvantage of the process of CH-PS 546 564 is based on the fact that wide fabric webs are temporarily stored before gluing, so that they develop during winding up, the intermediate storage and subsequent steps of unwinding and Deform when cut to such an extent that no uniform, reproducible patterning of the final carpet can be achieved. This is made even more difficult by the fact that the fabric web is cut into strips which have weft threads floating freely along the entire length at an edge region. Due to the loose structure of the fabric with relatively large distances of floating weft threads and a small number of warp threads, this quickly tends to warp, which means that successful implementation was not possible.

The object of the invention is to provide a plant for the production of flat textile articles which enables simple, economical and precise production, so that it is suitable for a patterned pile carpet in particular.

The object is achieved by the system according to claim 1.

The system for producing a flat body is characterized by a number of decisive advantages. Because the finishing device is directly connected to the weaving or knitting machine, the intermediate storage, which otherwise interferes with the structure, is eliminated and enables the flat bodies to be produced with high precision and in a reproducible, regular pattern. Due to the direct connection of the assembly device, the web can be held in constant, controllable tension from the weaving or knitting machine to the assembly device, so that warping of the belt is prevented or at least remains the same for all belt sections. This results in a significantly increased repeat accuracy, which has an advantageous effect both on the strength and on the pattern of the flat body.

Advantageous embodiments of the system are described in claims 2 to 13.

The weaving or knitting machine can be designed in such a way that individual tapes are already produced in the width required for assembly. However, an embodiment according to claim 2 is more advantageous, wherein a wide web is cut into individual bands, double or multiple bands. This cutting can take place at various points in the system, but is preferably carried out in the immediate vicinity of the weaving or knitting point.

A design according to claim 3 is particularly expedient since the connection of the individual strip sections can be improved by means of the pressing device and in particular it is also ensured that the individual flat bodies each have the same density. In principle, it is possible to arrange the magazine horizontally so that the band sections can be inserted vertically aligned. However, an embodiment according to claim 4 is more advantageous since the filing is easier here. A configuration is therefore expedient according to claim 5, wherein the heatable walls of the compartment support rapid drying of non-purely mechanical connections of the belt sections.

The tape sections can be separated from the tape by means of a separating device before they are introduced into the magazine. However, an embodiment according to claim 6 is more advantageous since this improves the accuracy of the manufacture of the flat body.

Claim 7 describes a particularly advantageous transfer device for introducing the band section into the magazine.

The band sections can be connected to one another in various ways, the connection in principle being possible in the magazine or later by coating the back of the stack. It is thus possible to produce the weft threads and / or preferably the warp threads from thermoplastic materials, which are plasticized therein by means of a heating device, so that adjacent strip sections stick together. On the other hand, it is also possible to apply a thermoplastic adhesive and to heat the tape sections lying one above the other in such a way that this adhesive becomes plastic and the tape sections are glued to one another. However, a system according to claim 10 is also possible, wherein a liquid adhesive layer is applied to the edge sections of the uppermost band section in the compartment of the magazine by the application device, whereby the subsequent band section is glued to the one already introduced.

An embodiment of the system according to claim 11 is particularly advantageous, wherein solidification of the point of separation of the strip avoids chipping after separation and the uniform structure of the strip section is retained. A particularly advantageous tensioning device for controlling the tension of the belt between the weaving or warp knitting machine and the magazine is defined in claim 12.

The warp-free transfer of the tape from the weaving or knitting machine can be improved by an embodiment according to claim 13.

• Figur 1 einen Flachkörper in schaubildlicher Darstellung und im Ausschnitt;
• Figur 2 einen Bandabschnitt im Ausschnitt zur Herstellung des Flachkörpers der Figur 1;
• Figur 3 einen Bandanschnitt mit drei gewebten bzw. gewirkten Abschnitten im Grundriss;
• Figur 4 einen Bandabschnitt mit vier gewebten bzw. gewirkten Abschnitten im Grundriss;
• Figur 5 eine Anlage zur Herstellung des Flachkörpers in Seitenansicht;
• Figur 6 die Uebergabevorrichtung und das Magazin im Schnitt X-X der Figur 5;
• Figur 7 eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Uebergabevorrichtung und des Magazins in Seitenansicht;
• Figur 8 eine Transportvorrichtung zwischen Webmaschine und Konfektioniereinrichtung.

Advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are described in more detail below and on the basis of schematic drawings, in which:

• 1 shows a flat body in a diagrammatic representation and in the detail;
• FIG. 2 shows a band section in the cutout for producing the flat body of FIG. 1;
• Figure 3 shows a band gate with three woven or knitted sections in the plan;
• Figure 4 shows a band section with four woven or knitted sections in plan;
• Figure 5 shows a plant for producing the flat body in side view;
• Figure 6 shows the transfer device and the magazine in section XX of Figure 5;
• Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of the transfer device and the magazine in side view;
• 8 shows a transport device between the weaving machine and the assembly device.

FIG. 1 shows a textile flat body in a cutout and in a diagrammatic representation with the length L, the width B and the thickness D. This flat body is formed from individual belt sections 2 of the type shown in FIG. 2. This belt section consists of edge sections 4, in which warp threads 6 are woven or knitted with weft threads 8. The weft threads float between the edge sections 4. These band sections 2 are now stacked one above the other and connected to one another at the edge sections 4 in a not purely mechanical manner. This bond can take place either by an adhesive layer 10 arranged between the edge sections 4 of adjacent tape sections 2, as shown in FIG. 1, and / or by thermal welding of warp and / or weft threads if these consist of thermoplastic material and / or by coating or Impregnation of the main surfaces H with a binder. The band sections 2 are perpendicular to the main median plane M and the main surfaces H of the flat body.

The flat textile body of the type shown in FIG. 1 can be used directly as an insulation panel against heat or sound transmission, as a filter panel, as a reinforcement for plastics and the like. From such a flat body, by cutting through the flourishing weft threads 8 along the main center plane M, two mirror-symmetrical pile carpet panels of excellent quality can be produced.

FIG. 3 shows a further band section 2 1, in which the weft threads 8 floating between the edge sections 4 have a section 14 in the middle part, on which the weft threads 8 are interwoven or knitted by means of further warp threads 6. Such a band section 2 1 can in turn be used to produce a flat body in which a higher strength is achieved by the central section 14. However, such a flat body can also be divided into two flat bodies of the type shown in FIG. 1 by cutting along the parting plane 16. These can in turn be used directly or, in the manner mentioned at the outset, can be divided into pile carpet panels by separating along the main central planes M.

Figure 4 shows another example of a band section 2₂, in which, in addition to the knitted or woven edge sections 4, two additional trims 14₁ are provided, on which the weft threads 8 are interwoven or knitted by means of warp threads 6. Also, the flat body made from these band sections 2₂ can either be used directly or cut into four pile carpet panels by severing the flat body formed from the band sections 2₂ along the central plane 18 and along two further planes 20 which directly adjoin the sections 14₁, namely on the side facing the edge sections 4.

Figures 5 and 6 show a system for producing a flat body. This system contains a machine 26, which in the present example is designed as a weaving machine and is used to produce a fabric web 28. The weaving machine 26 has the usual structure. A shedding device 30 raises and lowers warp threads 6 to form a shed 32 through which a weft thread 8 is inserted. A reed 34 is used to attach the weft 8. The fabric web 28 thus formed is fed via a plurality of rollers 36 to a cutting device 38 which cuts the fabric web 28 into individual bands 42, for example of the type shown in FIG. 2, using a cutting knife 40. The belts 42 are fed from the weaving machine 26 to a finishing device 46 via various deflecting rollers 44. A tensioning device 48 is arranged between the weaving machine 26 and the finishing device 46, which ensures an at least approximately uniform ribbon tension from the weaving machine 26 to the finishing device 46, the ribbon tension in the finishing device being at least a fraction, for example half, of the ribbon tension in the weaving machine is.

The tensioning device 48 contains a dancer roller 50 which is attached to swing arms 52 which cooperate with limit switches 54, 56. The limit switches 54, 56 are used to control the system. If, for example, the upper limit switch 54 is actuated by the swing arm 52, then either the speed of the assembly device 46 is reduced or the speed of the weaving machine 26 is increased. If, on the other hand, the swing arm 52 moves against the lower limit switch 56, this means a larger supply loop for the belts 42. Accordingly, actuation of the limit switch 56 in the opposite sense brings about a reduction in the speed of the weaving machine 26 or an increase in the speed of the Assembly device 46. The swing arm 52 is adjusted by a weight 58 or a spring so that the belts 42 are always kept under constant tension. In addition, the dancer roller 50 serves as a buffer for receiving the tapes 42 continuously produced by the weaving machine 26, which tapes are processed in cycles in the finishing device 46.

The assembly device 46 has counteracting driven feed rollers 60 which grasp the belts and feed them to a support table 62, from which they are gripped by means of a transfer device 64 and transferred in sections to compartments 66 of a magazine 68 and stacked one above the other to form packages 70. A separating device 72 assigned to the magazine 68 serves to separate the band sections 2 from the band 42. Furthermore, a device 74 for connecting the band sections is present in the magazine. A pressing device 76 serves to press the package 70 out of the band sections 2 in the magazine 68. A device 78 serves to solidify the bands 42 at the provided separation points for separating the band sections 2 from the bands 42.

The transfer device 64 has a stamp 80 which can be moved back and forth on rails 82 and ball bearings 84 between the receiving position in front of the magazine 68 on the support table 62 and the magazine 68. On its contact surface 86, the stamp contains various suction openings 88, which are connected to a pump 92 via suction lines 90. In addition, the stamp 80 contains needles 94 which pierce the strips and are used for taking them along. Furthermore, the stamp is provided with grooves 96, into which walls 98 which delimit the compartments of the magazine engage when the packages 70 are pressed, as will be explained in more detail below.

The separating device 72 contains a ascending and descending knife 100, which takes effect when the transfer device 64 has inserted the belts 42 into the magazine 68. The separating device 72 can be adjusted in the direction of the tapes in a manner not shown in order to adjust the length of the tape section stored in the magazine.

The device 68 for connecting the band sections 2 is also assigned to the magazine 68. The device 74 contains nozzles 102 assigned to the edge sections 4 of the band sections 2, which are connected to a pressure vessel 104 and from which adhesive 106 is applied in a line to the edge sections by means of a pump 108. The device 74 sweeps over the band sections in synchronism with the movement of the stamp 80 of the transfer device 64, so that immediately before a band or band section is introduced into the magazine, the uppermost band section is provided with an adhesive trace.

As already mentioned above, the magazine contains a pressing device 76 in order to connect newly inserted tape sections to the packages 70 in the compartments 66 of the magazine 68. For this purpose, the magazine 68 contains lifting devices 110, which raise and lower the compartments 66 by the height h. The lifting devices 110 are, for example, pneumatically or hydraulically actuated piston / cylinder assemblies 112. In the lowered state, on the one hand the device 74 for applying the adhesive and on the other hand the punch 80 of the transfer device 64 can pass over the magazine or the packages 70 stored in the magazine. As soon as the stamp 80 is above the magazine 68, the lifting device 110 lifts the magazine so that the walls 98 of the compartments 66 engage in the grooves 96 of the stamp 80, as a result of which the introduced band section is pressed onto the package 70. Except for the lifting devices 110, the pressing pressure is determined by a resilient base 114 in the compartments 66, which is connected to a piston / cylinder unit 116, which supplies the metered back pressure and brings about a corresponding lowering when the pressure is exceeded. The counter pressure can also be generated in that the width of the compartments is slightly smaller than the width of the band sections, so that these are guided in the compartments in a clamping manner.

The stamp 80 and / or the walls 98 of the compartments 66 can be provided with a heating device, not shown, in order to accelerate the curing or drying of the adhesive. However, it is also possible to drive an additional heating device 118 over the compartments 66 of the magazine 68 when the stamp 80 of the transfer device 64 has returned to the receiving position above the support table 62. The heating device 118 contains a heating coil 120 and a blower 122 with which the hot air can be blown onto the packages 70 in the magazine 68. This device can optionally contain separating knives in order to enable the strip sections 2 to be separated from the strips 42 as a replacement for the separating device 72.

The device 78 for strengthening the tapes at the separation points is designed analogously to the device 74 for connecting the tape sections, but the device 78 for bonding only applies an adhesive layer over a small area of the tape.

FIG. 17 shows a further embodiment of a finishing device 124, in which the support table 126 consists of a circulating belt 128, which at the same time also forms the transfer device 130 for the belt sections to the magazine 132. Band 128 includes drive pins 134, which grip the strips 42 and pass them under a device 136 for applying an adhesive to a separating device 138 which cut off the strip sections 2 of the desired length from the strips 42. The conveyor belt 128 then conveys the belt section 2 under the magazine 132. By lowering the magazine 132, the belt on the conveyor belt 128 is gripped and at the same time the package 140 is pressed in the magazine 132. When the magazine 132 is raised, the belt sections 2 are removed from the conveyor belt 128.

FIG. 8 shows a transport device 142 arranged between the weaving machine 26 and the finishing device 46, which is formed from two transport belts 144, 146 lying one on top of the other, between which the belt 42 is arranged in such a way that warping of the belt 42 is prevented. For this purpose, the conveyor belts are driven synchronously by the weaving machine 26 via a suitable drive 148.

Numerous further exemplary embodiments are conceivable; in particular, instead of the devices for applying adhesives, those can be used which heat the tapes or tape sections which contain thermoplastic threads to such a temperature that the thermoplastic threads soften and weld to one another.

The system described is suitable not only for processing strip sections of the type shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, but also for those which have only one woven or knitted edge section and exposed pile threads, that is to say a strip section which runs lengthwise, for example, by cutting through the strip section of FIG the main median plane is formed.

Furthermore, in contrast to the system described, the band sections can also be connected outside the same, in that a stack of the band sections on the back, i.e. on the main surface, coated with a binder and / or impregnated.

The flat bodies produced by means of the system can either be further used as the end product or divided into pile carpet panels along the main median plane by the separation mentioned at the beginning.

Claims (13)

1. An installation for producing flat textile bodies, characterised by

   a) a weaving or knitting machine (26) for producing at least one band (42) with at least one woven or knitted edge section (4) and floating weft threads (8);

   b) a device for manufacturing clothing (46, 124) connected directly to the weaving or knitting machine (26),

   - with a magazine (68, 132) with at least one compartment (66) for receiving at least one set (70) of band sections (2) arranged areally together;

   - with a separating device (72, 138) for cutting off the band sections (2) from the band (42);

   - with a transfer device (64, 130) for introducing the band (42) or the band sections (2) into the compartment (66) of the magazine (68, 132);

   c) a gripping device (48) for maintaining at least an approximately even band tension of the weaving or knitting machine (26) up to the magazine (68, 132), the band tension in the device for manufacturing clothing amounting to at least a fraction of the band tension in the weaving or knitting machine.
2. An installation according to claim 1, characterised in that the weaving or knitting machine (26) is constructed for producing at least one run (28) with several woven or knitted sections (4, 14, 14₁), which are connected by means of floating weft threads (8), a cutting device (38) being present for dividing the run (28) into individual bands (42), which is connected preferably directly after the weaving or knitting point.
3. An installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a pressing device (76) for pressing the set (70) of band sections (2) is associated with the magazine (68, 132).
4. An installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the compartment (66) is aligned vertically in the magazine (68, 132), so that the band sections can be stacked vertically over each other.
5. An installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the walls (98) of the compartment (66) are able to be heated.
6. An installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the separating device (72) for cutting off the band sections (2) is associated with the magazine (68) and is operative once the band (42) is pulled into the compartment (66) of the magazine (68), through which the point of engagement of the separating device (72) is preferably able to be set.
7. An installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the transfer device (64) has a plunger moving to and fro between a receiver position in front of the magazine (68) and the compartment (66) in the magazine (68), the contact surface (86) of which is provided with suction openings (88) and/or with carrier pins (94).
8. An installation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the device for manufacturing clothing (46, 124) has a device (74, 136) for connecting the band sections (2) along the edge sections (4) in a manner which is not purely mechanical.
9. An installation according to claim 8, characterised in that the device (74, 136) for connecting the band sections (2) in a manner which is not purely mechanical has a heating unit associated with the magazine (68) for heating the band sections (2) lying next to each other, in order to be able to melt and/or to dry thermoplastic threads of the band sections (2) lying next to each other and/or an adhesive material arranged between the band sections.
10. An installation according to claim 8, characterised in that the device (74) for connecting the band sections (2) in a manner which is not purely mechanical has a device (102,104,108) associated with the magazine (68) for delivering a layer of adhesive material (10) at least to the edge sections (4) of the uppermost band section (2) in the compartment (66) of the magazine (68).
11. An installation according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that it has a device (78) for fastening the band (42) to the separating point for the band section (2), which has a heating element and/or a device (102, 104, 108) for delivering an adhesive material (106).
12. An installation according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the gripping device (48) has a dancing roller (50) arranged on swing arms (52), wherein end switches (54, 56) are preferably associated with the swing arms (52), in order to regulate the drive speed at least of parts of the installation.
13. An installation according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that between the weaving or knitting machine (26) there is arranged at least regionwise a transporting device (142) which consists of transport bands (144, 146) lying on each other, between which is arranged the band (42).

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