EP0386537B1 - Bearing, in particular for the swivel arm of a skylight opener - Google Patents

Abstract

So that one and the same bearing can be used for the wing end (14) of a swivel arm (4) of a wing (2), especially of a so-called skylight wing, irrespective of the height of a wing overlap (41 or 45), the bearing element (15) having a bearing journal (10) is held on a bearing part (12 or 13) so as to be displaceable transversely relative to the frame plane and lockable. According to the invention, the adjustment is carried out via a threaded connection (21), by means of which the bearing element (15) can be displaced in a transverse guide (16) of the bearing part (12 or 13) towards the wing (2) or away from this. Furthermore, the wing end of the swivel arm (4) can be coupled via an automatically acting journal-locking device (54) to the bearing journal (10) and be uncoupled from this as a result of the actuation of a release button (68). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a bearing for the wing-side end of a stay arm, in particular a scissor arm of a so-called skylight opener, with a mountable wing part, on which a bearing element is displaceable transversely to the plane of the frame and can be locked by means of a threaded connection, wherein a journal of the bearing element can be coupled to the wing frame end of the extension arm.

Such a bearing for a skylight opener has become known from DE-U-72 25 330.

This bearing is a bearing for a skylight opener to which the opening arm, in particular a so-called opening scissors, is articulated, this opening arm being detachably coupled. A skylight is understood to be a tilting wing that is often very high up in the room, which can generally be tilted about a lower horizontal axis and can be tilted and closed again by actuating a hand lever or a crank by means of at least one opening device, preferably the above-mentioned opening scissors .

If the sash frame and thus usually also the frame or fixed frame made of wooden profiles and it is also equipped with a so-called rollover, the geometric bearing axis for the wing-side end of the extension arm must have a comparatively short distance from the inner surface of the wing. This distance increases in the case of frames constructed from profiles, in particular from aluminum profiles. If instead you have a so-called smooth flapping wing, i.e. a wing without a rollover, the distance between the geometric axis and the inner surface of the wing is even greater.

In order to be able to take all of these frame constructions into account, the bearing element in the bearing known from DE-U-72 25 330 is displaced transversely to the sash or frame plane and can be locked by means of a threaded connection on the bearing part, which is generally fastened to the upper sash cross member becomes. The bearing pin or a part with a reduced diameter at its lower end in the position of use engages in the transverse guide. The locking is carried out with the aid of a screw which is axially screwed into the bearing element, the bearing part or its leg having the slot-shaped transverse guide then being located between the head of the clamping screw and a collar or the thicker part of the bearing element, optionally with the interposition of a washer. It is therefore a purely frictional connection of the bearing element with the bearing part.

As already mentioned, this known bearing enables adaptation to different wing overlap heights from zero to the maximum usual wing overlap thickness, but in this case the setting of a wing contact pressure on the fixed frame is very difficult and cumbersome to undertake. It should be noted that in the case of skylights, the geometric bearing axis of the bearing element can be moved perpendicular to the fixed frame plane due to a special scissor design. As mentioned, the setting of the wing contact pressure is more difficult than with an arcuate displacement of the geometric bearing axis. On the other hand, it has to be taken into account that the clamping connection between the bearing element and the bearing part is heavily loaded if the wing pressure is too high and that it may not withstand this load. It can happen that a set contact pressure changes in the course of repeated operation of the skylight and, in extreme cases, the clamp connection is loosened to such an extent that it is no longer usable.

The object of the invention is therefore to develop a bearing of the type described in such a way that, regardless of the presence and size of a wing flap, the contact pressure can be easily adjusted and also held securely. In addition, the extension arm should be able to be securely coupled to the bearing element in a particularly simple manner and also be detachable therefrom. The latter is particularly important in connection with window cleaning.

To solve this problem, the invention proposes that the bearing is designed according to the preamble of claim 1 in accordance with the characterizing part of this claim. Now that the clamp connection between the bearing element and the bearing part has been eliminated and a thread connection has taken its place, which due to the self-locking neither adjusts nor loosens and can absorb large forces resulting from the sash pressure, on the one hand an optimal closing of the sash can be guaranteed and on the other hand a permanent one Maintaining the contact pressure are observed. Like any other threaded connection, the threaded connection consists of a threaded bolt on one part and a nut thread on the other part. The displacement movement presupposes that one of the two parts of the threaded connection is rotatable and immovable, while the other can carry out the displacement movement causing the stroke.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, this is an element of Ge a screw with a head, outer collar or the like and the other element a nut thread. It is also conceivable to use an outer collar in addition to the head in order to increase its diameter and thus also the contact surface.

A further embodiment of the invention results from claim 3. While in the known state of the art the bearing element engages with a pin in the slot-shaped transverse guide of the bearing part and is thereby rotatably and displaceably mounted transversely to its longitudinal axis in the transverse guide, this bearing element can be in the transverse guide only shifted, but not rotated about the geometric bearing element axis. Of course, this is also prevented due to the threaded connection. Due to its special design, the transverse guide also prevents the bearing element from tilting transversely to its geometric axis if a corresponding force acts on it.

A further development of the invention can be found in claim 4. For the rotatable but immovable assembly of the screw on the bearing part, it is sufficient if it only engages in a receptacle at the end of the guide slot remote from the wing, which is preferably small transverse slots. In this case, the "storage" of the screw takes place exclusively on the bearing element. Due to the good guidance of the bearing element, the bearing part does not require a special bearing hole for the screw. This simplifies assembly and also reduces the cost of manufacturing the bearing part. The screw has a slot, cross slot, hexagon socket or the like on its head in a known manner, to which a corresponding actuating tool can be attached.

• Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch den Blend-und Flügelrahmen eines sogenannten Oberlichts mit eingebautem Lager mit parallel zur Kippachse gerichtetem Blick bei Holzrahmen,
• Fig. 2 eine vergleichbare Darstellung bei aus Aluminium- oder Kunststoffprofilen aufgebauten Rahmen,
• Fig. 3 in einer Schrägbilddarstellung das Lagerteil mit dem Lagerelement der Fign. 1 und 2,
• Fig. 4 eine vergleichbare Darstellung bei etwas abgewandeltem Lagerteil,
• Fig. 5 in explosionsartiger Darstellung den Ausstellarm und das daran zu befestigende Teil des Lagers in einer Schrägbilddarstellung,
• Fig. 6 eine mit der Fig. 5 vergleichbare Darstellung, wobei zusätzlich noch das Lagerelement vor der Montage gezeichnet ist.

Further refinements of the bearing according to the invention and the advantages resulting therefrom result from the following description of an exemplary embodiment. The drawing shows such an embodiment. Here represent:

• 1 shows a vertical section through the glare and sash frame of a so-called skylight with built-in bearing with a view directed parallel to the tilt axis in the case of wooden frames,
• 2 shows a comparable representation with frames constructed from aluminum or plastic profiles,
• Fig. 3 in an oblique view, the bearing part with the bearing element of Figs. 1 and 2,
• 4 shows a comparable representation with a slightly modified bearing part,
• 5 is an exploded view of the extension arm and the part of the bearing to be attached to it in an oblique view,
• FIG. 6 shows a representation comparable to FIG. 5, the bearing element also being drawn before assembly.

An opening device, in particular a so-called opening scissors, connects the upper end of a wing 2 with the associated cross member of a fixed frame 3. The spars of the frame can consist of wood according to FIG. 1 or of profile material according to FIG. 2, both plastic in the latter case as well as aluminum or the like. An extension arm 4 (FIG. 5) is articulated with its one end on the fixed frame 3, for example in a rotatable and slidable manner, while its other end is rotatably mounted on the wing by means of a bearing 5, more precisely on its upper cross member. As a rule, the raising arm 4 is an element of a scissor arm, although in the case of a larger wing more than one such opening or opening shear can also be used. In Fig. 6, a fixed frame-side scissors bearing 7 and a handlebar 6 are shown. It establishes the connection between the articulation points 8 and 9.

The sash-side end 14 of this opener scissors or the opening arm 4 is mounted on a bearing pin 10. This is held in the sense of the double arrow 11 on a bearing part 12 or 13 adjustable. The bearing pin 10 forms, as it were, an extension of a bearing element 15 with which it is made in one piece.

The bearing element 15 is displaceable in a transverse guide 16 of the bearing part 12 or 13 in the sense of the double arrow 11. This transverse guide is a slot-like opening, the longitudinal edges 19 and 20 of which engage in guide grooves 17 and 18 of the bearing element 15 which are open on opposite sides.

The bearing element 15 and the bearing part 12 or 13 are coupled via a threaded connection 21, the bearing element 15 having the threaded bore or the nut thread 22 in the case of the exemplary embodiment. A threaded bolt 23 engages therein, which is rotatable but non-displaceable relative to the bearing part 12 or 13. The threaded bolt 23 is the threaded part of a screw with a head 24. So that the screw can be turned, its head is equipped in the usual way with a hexagon socket 25, slot, cross recess or the like, into which a corresponding turning tool can be inserted . In order to obtain a somewhat larger diameter, the head is connected to a disk 26 in a rotationally fixed manner. This can also be simply screwed onto the threaded bolt 23 and braced against the head in the sense of a lock nut. It attacks at least with its edge projecting radially beyond the screw head into a receptacle 27, 28 of the bearing part 12 or 13.

These recordings are short transverse slots at the end of the longitudinal edge 19 or 20 remote from the wing of the guide slot of the bearing part 12 or 13 forming the transverse guide 16. As can be seen, for example, from FIG. 1, the longitudinal thread axis 29 lies below the plane of FIG Transverse guide 16, which is why the disc 26 engages with the upper region of its edge in the receptacle 27. In addition, the screw head 24 is located below the plate-shaped part 30 and 31 of the bearing part 12 and 13, which has two beads 32 and 32 a on both sides of the disc 26 in this area. In the exemplary embodiment, the gap between these two beads forms the receptacle 27 for the disk 26. Additionally or alternatively, the receptacle 27 can also be formed by two short slits 28 on the end of the transverse guide 16 that extend away from the wing.

According to FIG. 3, the plate-shaped part 30 of the bearing part 12 forms the horizontal leg of an angle, the vertical leg 33 of which is attached to the surface 34 or 44 of the upper wing cross member 35 pointing into the interior of the room. It is equipped with mounting holes 36 and 37 for mounting screws 38. In addition, at least one thread 39 is provided for a fastening screw 40. The thread is of importance for frames constructed from profiles (FIG. 2), while fastening screws 38 are used in connection with wooden frames. The mounting holes 36 and 37 are arranged so deep that the screws can be screwed into the frame wood below a wing flap 41.

In contrast, the plate-shaped part 31 of FIG. 4 is the cranked part of the bearing part 13. This essentially consists of a fastening plate with fastening holes 42 and the plate-shaped part 31. In contrast to the bearing part 12, it can be on the upward-facing surface of the Crossbars 35 are attached and screwed there. A wing-side extension 43 of the guide slot for the bearing element 15 is so large in cross-section that the latter can be inserted transversely to its direction of displacement 11 and "threaded" into the transverse guide formed by the longitudinal edges 19 and 20.

If you turn the screw head 24 and thus the threaded bolt 23 in one direction, this leads, for example, to the bearing pin 10 approaching the fixed frame 3 because of the rotatable and immovable mounting of the screw. Rotation in the opposite direction removes the bearing pin 10 from fixed frame 3. If, instead, the threaded bolt is located on the bearing element 15, that is to say it is held there immovably and non-rotatably, then a nut or the like engaging in the receptacles 27, 28 causes a rotation precisely because of its rotatable but non-displaceable mounting or mounting the same thing.

Figure 1 of the drawing shows that with a comparatively wide wing overlap 41, measured transversely to the frame plane, the bearing element 15 has a smaller distance from the wing surface 34 pointing into the interior than is the case, for example, with an aluminum construction, where that Bearing element 15 has a greater distance from the comparable wing surface 44, because there the wing flap 45 is much narrower. If, instead, a so-called smooth-beating wing is used, in which the wing surface 44 is flush with the frame surface 46, the bearing element 15 must be shifted further to the right in the direction of the arrow 47. It is also readily apparent that one can precisely adjust the contact pressure of the wing 2 on the fixed frame 3 and readjust if necessary via this adjusting device or threaded connection 21, the position set being reliably maintained due to the self-locking threaded connection. It does not matter whether the bearing journal 10 moves perpendicular to the fixed frame plane or in an arc when the sash is tilted, that is to say when the skylight is opened.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 6, the bearing journal 10 consists of a neck 48 with an attached, thickened head 49 forming the free end. The latter is formed at least at its free end, but in the exemplary embodiment overall as a truncated cone or cone. The transitions to the head, on the one hand, and to a substantially cuboid base body 50, on the other hand, take place via fillets 51 and 52, respectively. In order to obtain a somewhat sharper shoulder, the fillet 51 is made with a much smaller radius.

The bearing pin 10 engages in a bearing piece 53 held at the end of the opening arm 4 on the sash frame side, which is equipped with a pin locking device 54. The bearing piece 53 consists essentially of two parts 55 and 56, preferably displaceable relative to one another in the longitudinal direction of the raising arm 4, between which a spring 57, in particular a compression spring, is connected. The spring 57 holds these two parts 55 and 56 in the locked end position shown in the drawing. The inserted head 49 of the bearing journal 10 is held in this.

The one bearing piece part is in particular designed as an essentially approximately U-shaped housing 56, on the U-central web of which one end of the spring 57 is supported. The other bearing part is a guide body 55 which can be displaced therein in the sense of the double arrow 58. It can be equipped with a receptacle for the associated end of the spring 57.

The extension arm 4 has, at least in the exemplary embodiment, a U cross section. The bearing piece 53, more precisely its housing 56, is inserted between its two U-legs 59 and 60.

The height of the housing 56 corresponds essentially to the clear distance between the U-legs 59 and 60. In addition, two aligned bores 61 and 62 are made in the latter, into which a bolt-shaped element, in particular a rivet 63, is inserted. It passes through a bore 64 in the guide body 55 and thus connects the latter to the extension arm 4 in a non-displaceable manner. Rotation is also not possible because the edges 65 and 66 of the housing 56 rest on the inside of the U-crosspiece 67 of the extension arm 4.

The two U-legs 59 and 60 do not lie firmly against the housing 56, rather the latter can be moved not only relative to the guide body 55, but also with respect to the extension arm 4 in the sense of the double arrow 58. Lakes protruding ends forms a release button 68. If you press the latter in the direction of arrow 69 against the resistance of the spring 57, you can unhook the arm 4 in the direction of arrow 70, i.e. detach from journal 10. The coupling of the extension arm to the bearing journal takes place automatically due to the construction explained in more detail below, if the extension arm is placed against the arrow 70 on the bearing journal 10 and pressed down.

There are aligned bores 73 and 74 on the two U-legs 59 and 60 of the extension arm 4. Bores 75 and 76 of the same size are provided on the U-legs 71 and 72 of the housing 56 of the device 54. Finally, such a bore 77 is also on the guide body 55. In the mounting position of the journal 10, all of these bores 73 to 77 are congruent. The bore diameter corresponds approximately to the largest diameter 78 of the journal 10.

The bores 75 and 76 of the housing U-legs 71 and 72 are widened like a keyhole in the direction of displacement 69. The upper extension 79 in the drawing can be assigned the free end of the journal 10 or its thickened head 49 in the locking position, while the neck 48 of the journal 10 engages in the lower extension. The thickened head 49 can optionally also be located completely in the bore 77 of the guide body 55. In any case, due to the laterally displaced position of the bore relative to the bores 74 and 76, it is not possible to pull out the journal 10 against the arrow 70. The lateral offset of the holes is chosen so that the free end of the journal 10 can enter despite the locking position of the guide body and can laterally push the latter away until it is locked.

From Fig. 5 it can be seen that recesses 80 are provided on the two U-legs 71 and 72 of the housing 56, which allow the necessary displacement of the housing 56 relative to the rivet 63. Of course there is a sufficient distance 81 between the parts 55 and 56 of the pin locking device 54, which allows the trigger button 68 to be pressed in.

The housing 56 of the device 54 is expediently made of the same material as the extension arm 4, that is to say for example of metal, in particular of anodized aluminum. The same applies to a closing part 82 inserted at the other end of the extension arm. In contrast, the guide body 55 is preferably made from a stable plastic.

It remains to be added that the screw 40 for fastening the bearing part 12 to the wing 2 is screwed, so to speak, from the inside, so that its head is inaccessible when the wing is closed and, moreover, an optically favorable design is produced. An advantage of the construction described above is that you can now use the same construction regardless of the rollover heights and you can choose a different type of stop by replacing only a single part, namely the bearing part 12 or 13. This results in a reduction in inventory and on the other hand an increase in the series. The whole construction is also characterized by a very advantageous look, which is very important for fittings and so-called skylights in particular. The correct position of the opener and the desired contact pressure can be made quickly and easily with the sash closed by turning the screws 23, 24. In addition, the bearing part is equally suitable for mounting on wooden and on plastic or aluminum windows. By screwing in the fastening screw 40 from the inside, there is no longer any need to insert a retaining strip with threads in the flap of the wing. Instead, the threads are now on the vertical leg 33 of the bearing part 12.

The offset 83 ensures that the bearing element 15 assumes the same position in relation to the scissors or the raising arm 4 as in the embodiment with an angular bearing part 12. The design of the neck 48 of the bearing pin 10 with the grooves 51 and 52 enables the necessary inclination with respect to the raising arm 4 with the wing tilted 2.

Furthermore, it can be seen from Fig. 6 that the distance of the guide body 55 from the handlebar 6 and / or from the fixed frame-side scissor bearing 7 is so small when the sash is closed that the release button 68 is not actuated and thus the deployment arm 4 cannot be unhooked. In this way, manipulations in this area are reliably prevented. Otherwise, the position of the release button 68 shows from below whether the wing is correctly attached or the extension arm 4 is correctly coupled or not. If this coupling has not been carried out correctly, the wing cannot be closed completely and this automatically draws attention to this defect. This undoubtedly increases the security for this window. Furthermore, the scissor bearing 7 and the handlebar 6 and the pin locking device 54 are designed and assigned to one another such that when the housing 56 is jammed, the release button 68 is pressed into the locked position by the scissor bearing or the handlebar.

Claims (12)

1. Bearing for the end (14) on the leaf frame side of an opening arm (4), in particular a scissor-type arm of a so-called skylight opener, with a bearing part (12, 13) which can be mounted on a leaf (2), and on which a bearing component (15) is disposed in a transverse guide (16) such that it can be displaced transversely (11) to the plane of the frame and stopped by means of a threaded connection (21), wherein a bearing journal (10) of the bearing component (15) can be connected to the end (14) on the leaf frame side of the opening arm (4), characterised in that part of the threaded connection can be rotated but not displaced relative to the bearing part (12, 13) whilst the other part is disposed on the bearing component (15), and in that the threaded longitudinal shaft (29) moves parallel to the direction of displacement (11) of the bearing component (15).

2. Bearing according to Claim 1, characterised in that a component of the threaded connection (21) is a screw with a threaded bolt (23), head (24), external collar (26) or the like and the other component is an internal screw thread (22).

3. Bearing according to Claim 2, characterised in that the bearing component (15) has two guide grooves (17, 18) which are open on opposite sides, and in each of which a longitudinal edge (19, 20) of a guide slot of the bearing part (12, 13) which forms the transverse guide (16) engages, and in that the guide grooves extend parallel to the longitudinal axis (29) of the thread, wherein the latter extends transversely, and in particular perpendicularly, to the geometric axis of the bearing journal (10).

4. Bearing according to Claim 3, characterised in that the head (24) of the screw, or a circular cylindrical washer (26) or the like connected thereto such that it cannot be rotated, engages in a recess (27) on the end distant from the leaf frame of the guide slot which forms the transverse guide (16), wherein the recess (27) consists in particular of two flanged stamped parts (32, 32a) at a distance from one another of approximately the thickness of the washer.

5. Bearing according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the bearing part (12, 13) is in the form of an angle or plate bent at right-angles, and there is a slot widening (43) corresponding to the cross-section of the bearing component (15) at least in the case of a plate bent at right-angles, on the end (14) on the leaf frame side of the guide slot which forms the transverse guide (16).

6. Bearing according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the bearing component (15) has a bearing journal (10) which consists of a neck (48) with an enlarged head (49) disposed thereon, which at least at its free end is in the shape of a cone or truncated cone, wherein the transition to the head on the one hand and to a substantially cuboid base body (50) on the other hand, is in each case by means of grooves (51, 52).

7. Bearing according to Claim 6, characterised in that the bearing journal (10) engages in a bearing part (53) retained on the end of the opening arm (4) on the leaf frame side, which bearing part is provided with a journal locking device (54).

8. Bearing according to Claim 7, characterised in that the bearing part (53) consists of two parts (55, 56) which can be displaced with respect to one another, preferably in the longitudinal direction of the opening arm (4), and are retained by means of at least one intermediate spring (57) in an end locking position, in which the inserted head (49) of the bearing component (10) is retained such that it can be rotated but not displaced.

9. Bearing according to Claim 8, characterised in that one bearing part is in the form in particular of a substantially approximately U-shaped housing (56), and the other bearing part is in the form of a guide body (55) which is connected integrally with the opening arm (4) and is displaceable in the housing, wherein the spring (57) is preferably disposed between the guide body and the U-shaped centre part of the housing (56).

10. Bearing according to Claim 9, characterised in that one bearing part which is in the form of a housing (56) is disposed between two walls, and in particular two U-shaped legs (59, 60) of the opening arm (4), and the walls (59, 60), the housing U-Iegs (71, 72) and the guide body (55) are provided with bores (73 to 77) of approximately the same size, which are congruent in the fitting position, and of which the diameter corresponds approximately to the largest diameter (78) of the bearing journal (10), wherein the bores (75, 76) of the housing U-Iegs (71, 72) can be widened in the form of a keyhole in the direction of displacement (69), and in the locking position these widenings (79) are disposed at the free end of the bearing journal (10) on the one hand and on the neck (48) of the latter on the other hand.

11. Bearing according to at least one of Claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the guide body is attached to the opening arm (4) by means of a bolt, and in particular a rivet (63), and one bearing part (56) has a recess (80) or corresponding longitudinal guides in this area.

12. Bearing according to at least one of Claims 8 to 12, characterised in that, when the leaf (2) is closed, the guide body (55) of the bearing part (53) is at a distance in the form of a gap, from a scissor-type bearing (7) on the fixed frame side, and/ or a scissor-type connecting rod (6) coupled thereto.

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