EP0384462A2 - Board-shaped building element - Google Patents

Abstract

A board-shaped building element, in particular a multi-glazing unit, has an edge protection which radially outwardly encloses the edges of the building element. This protection is formed by a foamed plastic surround (20) in which holding pegs (31) have been integrated and also foamed. The holding pegs (31) are provided for engaging in counterparts (32) during mounting. The foamed surround (20) is preferably formed from a rigid, crosslinked polyurethane reinforced with glass fibre or carbon black.

Description

The invention relates to a plate-shaped component, in particular a multiple glass pane, with an edge protector which surrounds the edges of the component radially outward.

Uniform, smooth fronts of buildings are a goal aimed at in architecture, the realization of which, however, encounters problems. Such smooth fronts are sought, for example, for reasons of cleaning technology, to avoid wind noise in the rooms behind and also for thermal considerations. There are also aesthetic advantages.

At the heart of the problem are the previously required recessed window openings. Window panes, in particular, cannot easily be attached to facades without complicated structures. Until now, glass panes glued to scaffolding and facade parts have primarily met safety concerns. A pane of glass, which could become very heavy and become detached as the adhesive ages, would be a great danger for passers-by. The same consideration naturally also applies to other plate-shaped components that are to serve as the outer facade of buildings.

The object of the invention is therefore to propose a plate-shaped component with which uniform, smooth fronts of buildings can be created, and which nevertheless allows reliable attachment to the structure.

This object is achieved in a generic component in that the edge protection is formed by a foam encapsulation made of plastic, and that holding anchors are integrated and foamed into the foam encapsulation, which are provided for engaging in counterparts during assembly.

The dowels integrated in the foam cover sit extremely stable there and can withstand considerable loads against tearing out. The foam itself holds the component.

By suitable selection of dowels and counterparts, considerable forces can be removed and a very stable construction is created.

This makes it possible to achieve flat facade surfaces without any approach. The components, in particular multiple glass panes, can be placed directly on the wall and facade elements or scaffolding structures from the outside.

There are no aging problems of adhesives or the like. These can of course also be used, for example, to make provisional fixings during assembly. In extreme cases, such as particularly heavy glass panes or in general for support purposes, retaining profiles can also be provided for securing, which are also included in the foam.

At the same time, a particularly suitable form of Edge protection that allows the components to be transported safely to the processor. This is particularly important if the component is a glass unit.

The increasing need for glazing with better heat and noise insulation has led to the ever increasing use of multiple glass panes, so-called insulating glass. These glazings, which usually consist of two, sometimes also three or more layered glass panes, must be spaced apart from one another in order to bring about the insulating effect. The space between the individual panes of glass must be sealed airtight to prevent the ingress of water vapor which, depending on the weather conditions, can lead to the panes becoming blind. These hermetically sealed spaces between the glass panes can, if necessary, be pumped empty or filled with gases.

The space between the two glass panes is closed off by a frame-shaped circumferential spacer, which is arranged at a distance from the edges of the glass panes. It is made of aluminum in common constructions.

In order to actually obtain an airtight seal between this aluminum spacer and the glass panes, a sealing compound with high diffusion resistance, preferably butyl rubber, is arranged between each glass pane and the spacer. This material is relatively soft. This can take into account the fact that, due to the different surface temperatures on the inside of the inner pane and the outside considerable tension between the two disks can occur in the outer disk. Due to the soft consistency of the butyl rubber, shifts are possible to a certain extent.

However, the soft consistency of the butyl rubber leads to the individual panes inadvertently sliding against one another and shifting each other even when stored with a slight inclination of the multiple glass panes. In this way, the insulating glass loses its shape.

In known multiple glass panes, a second edge step made of thiokol, a tough elastic sealant, is therefore provided. This material is still able to compensate for the tensions, but prevents mutual displacement.

An edge protector must also be attached around the edges of the multiple glass pane. This protection consists of hard and thin materials, such as aluminum, to prevent breakage. Alternatively, removable edge protectors are also known which are removed in the event of a block.

A number of processing steps are therefore required to produce such known multiple glass panes. Around the first step of the edge bond with the spacer and the sealing compound made of butyl rubber, a second edge step made of Thiokol must be provided, then an additional edge protection must be attached around the edges of the multiple glass pane and later removed if necessary during assembly. Nevertheless, breakage occurs occasionally.

This problem is also solved by the present invention. This results in improved edge protection and, in addition, only a single work step is required, namely the foaming of the edges, in which the holding dowels are integrated at the same time. This eliminates the need to apply the Thiokol coating as well as the provision of separate edge protectors.

For this purpose, the component is characterized by at least two parallel, approximately equally spaced, layered glass panes, a frame-shaped circumferential spacer, which is arranged at a distance from the edges of the glass panes and fills most of the distance between the two glass panes, with a sealing compound high diffusion resistance and soft consistency, in particular butyl rubber, which is arranged for airtight closure between each glass pane and the spacer, and in that the foam filling fills the space outside the spacer between the glass panes and radially surrounds the edges of the glass panes.

The foaming simultaneously takes on the function of stabilizing the two or more glass panes with respect to one another, since hard, cross-linked plastics are soft enough to ensure a connection to the glass and thus absorb the different tensions caused by the different surface temperatures, but are also hard enough to prevent the glass panes from shifting outside of a tolerance limit.

The fact that the different areas with the Foaming are provided, are in a spatial connection, a particularly stable foaming is achieved.

The function as edge protection and the function as stabilization of the glass panes mutually support each other.

A crosslinked polyurethane is particularly preferably used as the hard, crosslinked plastic of the foam. In addition, reinforcement with glass fiber or soot is particularly cheap. The resulting reinforced, cross-linked polyurethane has particularly advantageous properties in terms of stability and strength. Shore D strength: 50 to 70.

The foam coating can also serve as a support for the block during installation.

The foaming in the corner regions preferably extends to the outside of at least one glass pane. This further promotes stability and at the same time protects the particularly vulnerable corners of the multiple glass pane.

The holding dowels can also be provided in this area. This also makes it easier to foam around.

From DE-GM 1 758 724 a multiple glass pane with a radially outer filler made of alkyl polysulfide is already known. However, it is not suitable for attachment to the outside of facades, since no fastening options are provided.

DE 24 43 601 B2, on the other hand, shows an insulating glass pane with angled holding plates, which are subsequently applied from the outside to an adhesive and are intended in this way to bond firmly to the edge of the insulating glass pane when it hardens. By bending tabs, fastening points are created. With these fastening tabs, an additional glass pane can be subsequently glued and fastened from an interior in front of an already existing outer casing. It cannot withstand the stresses that are exerted on facades from the outside, nor is it intended for this.

From DE-AS 1 945 291, the foaming of a mirror with a hardening plastic, in particular polyurethane, is known. Attachment of such mirror glass panes with foaming to external facades is naturally not provided. The same applies to an edge protection known from GB-PS 1 426 906, which among other things. also provides glass fiber reinforcements or reinforcement with metal powder.

In particular, if the component according to the invention is a multiple glass pane, it is preferred if additional seals are integrated in the encapsulation. This can counteract a chapel effect which allows the water to diffuse up to the sealing compound and possibly through it.

In addition, the arrangement of the integration ensures that thermal changes in the size of the outer or inner pane do not lead to constraints as a result of clamping, but on the other hand a relative displacement of the two units to one another during transport is excluded.

Significant cost savings result from the fact that the statically supporting constructions which are necessary in the prior art and which radially encompass the disk are no longer required to the extent previously used.

The assembly of the component on the supporting structure can be easily achieved, above all by double-sided adhesive tapes applied either to the supporting structure and the structural element, which provide temporary sufficient adhesion and thus facilitate the assembly of the holding dowels with their counterparts. This assembly is very quick and statically unproblematic.

Another preferred feature is that the parts of the foam surrounding the edges radially outwards are thicker in the corner areas than in the other areas.

As already mentioned, the corner areas of the multiple glass panes are particularly at risk. A further securing can take place by foaming which is preferably thickened there. In the intermediate areas it can be disregarded, which leads to material and weight savings.

The invention is described in more detail below with the aid of two exemplary embodiments.

• Fig. 1 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch einen Fenster­rahmen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Mehrfachver­glasung,
• Fig. 2 eine Mehrfachverglasung im nicht eingebauten Zustand von der Außenseite,
• Fig. 3 von der Innenseite und
• Fig. 4 eine Variante der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Aus­führungsform.

Show it:

• 1 is a vertical section through a window frame with the multiple glazing according to the invention,
• 2 a multiple glazing in the non-installed state from the outside,
• Fig. 3 from the inside and
• Fig. 4 shows a variant of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, a frame 1 is provided which interacts with a movable casement 2. The frame 1 has a supporting frame profile 3, which in the example shown consists of wood. The supporting profile frame 3 is composed of corresponding profile sections in a manner not shown.

The sash 2 also has a supporting frame profile 4 in the example. In the closed position shown, a closing gap 5 remains between the frame 1 and the sash 2, which is closed towards the inside of the room by a circumferential seal 6, which is provided between the supporting frame profile parts 3 and 4 of the frame 1 and 2.

The frame profile 4 of the casement 2 carries a pane arrangement consisting of a first, inner glass pane 11 and a second, outer glass pane 12. The lower edge 13 of the inner glass pane 11 and the lower edge 14 of the outer glass pane 12 run parallel and at the same height. The corners 15 of the inner glass pane 11 and the corners 16 of the outer glass pane 12 lie opposite one another. The glass panes are therefore parallel to the surface and approximately the same size and lie in layers, but spaced apart from one another.

A circumferential spacer 17 with a rectangular cross-section is arranged between the edges 13, 14 of the glass panes 11, 12. Its distance from the edges 13, 14 is also approximately the same on the other side edges of the glass panes. It fills most of the distance between the two glass panes 11 and 12.

A sealing compound 18 with a high diffusion resistance and a soft consistency closes the space between each glass pane 11 or 12 and the spacer 17 in an airtight manner. It is preferably made of butyl rubber.

This creates an airtight interior 19 between the two glass panes 11 and 12, which is delimited all around by the circumferential spacer 17. This interior space 19 can be pumped empty of air or filled with a predetermined gas. This prevents the two panes of the multiple glazing from fogging up from the inside if this should normally be done due to the physical conditions (temperature, water vapor content).

The edge bond of the multiple glazing with the two glass panes 11, 12 has a foam 20 outside the spacer 17 with the sealing compound 18. , This foam is made of a hard, cross-linked plastic. For this, a two-component plastic is preferred, in particular cross-linked polyurethane, which is cast on. This polyurethane is reinforced with glass fiber or soot.

The glass industry is already supplying multiple glazings, the two glass panes 11, 12 Spacers 17 and already have the airtight seal of the interior 19 by the sealing compound 18. The filling with the gas or the emptying of the interior 19 has already been carried out.

The foam 20 extends in the example shown to a plurality of areas 21, 22 and 23. The area 21 lies between the two glass panes 11 and 12 outside of the spacer 17 and thus represents an additional edge cover for the seal.

The area 22 is located radially outside the glass panes 11 and 12, possibly also outside the area 21. Both areas 21 and 22 run around the edges 13 and 14 of the glass panes 11 and 12. Due to the high strength of the material with a Shore density of 50 to 70, the foam 20 also serves as edge protection and support for the block. This virtually prevents breakage caused by damaged glass edges 13, 14. The hard, cross-linked plastic, in particular reinforced and cross-linked polyurethane, is soft enough for connection to the glass panes 11, 12, but also hard enough for carrying these glass panes 11, 12. The two glass panes 11, 12 therefore do not slide past one another, even if they are placed or placed somewhere with an incline during temporary storage.

In the corners 15 and 16 of the glass panes 11 and 12, preferably, a third area 23 is provided with foam 20; this area is also shown in FIG. 1. This ensures a further stabilization of the foam 20 as a whole and also of the multiple glazing in the casement 2.

This area 23 extends the foaming 20 to the outside of at least one glass pane, preferably the inner glass pane 11. It projects there up to approximately the height of the spacer 17.

As can be seen in particular in FIGS. 2 and 3, the parts of the encapsulation 20 which surround the edges 13, 14 radially outwards are thicker in the corner regions than in the remaining regions. This can save material and weight.

The foaming 20 can be designed in different thicknesses in order to meet the respective requirements, which are imposed, for example, by glass panes with different weights and different dimensions.

In the reinforcements in the corners 15, 16 holding dowels 31 are integrated, which are provided for engaging in counterparts 32 during assembly. These counterparts 32 are incorporated in the frame profile 4 of the casement 2.

Multiple glazing designed in this way could also be used with supporting glazing. In this case, the glass panes 11, 12 would not be arranged in a casement 2, but in fixed glazing.

Seals 33 that are visible from the outside can also be integrated into the encapsulation 20. This can also prevent water from penetrating to and through the sealing compound 18 via a capillary action.

In the example shown, the closing gap 5 is bridged and covered to the outside by a section 41. The section 41 is held freely lying on the outside of the load-bearing frame profile 3 of the frame 1 and anchored with the aid of a profile strip 42. The profile strip 42 engages in an undercut groove 43 of the supporting frame profile 3 and is in turn overlapped by a sliding guide 11. The inner glass pane 11 can additionally be held on the frame profile 4 of the casement 2 by a sealing and adhesive tape 51. This sealing and adhesive tape 51 can be designed as a silicone tape, which also ensures a perfect seal in the corners by appropriate soft elastic adjustment.

If necessary, for example in the case of particularly heavy glass panes, the foam encapsulation 20 can also contain additional mechanical safeguards for the multiple glass pane which overlap the outer edge of the outer glass pane 12 at least in sections. These fuses can be designed as holding profiles, which are perforated, for example, for better toothing and are integrated into the foam 20 for the necessary mechanical mounting. These holding profiles can interact with the holding dowels 31. These profile parts encompassing the edge can be provided along the horizontal edges of the multiple glass pane either as continuous strips or else as web-shaped sections. Such profile parts can generally be dispensed with at the vertically running edges of the multiple glass pane, since there is no fear of lateral displacement of the multiple glass pane and the forces in this direction can be easily absorbed by the holding dowels 31, even in the case of constantly unfavorable weather conditions or one-sided loads.

While in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the holding dowel 31 is designed like a bolt, a variant is shown in FIG.

In this case, the holding dowel 31 is designed as a recess and is equipped with an internal thread 35. As before, the holding dowel 31 is integrated into the foam 20 along with the internal thread.

A pin-like cartridge 36 is screwed into the internal thread 35. This takes place in the case of a rectangular component or, in the case shown, in the case of a rectangular multiple glass pane, preferably in all 4 corner regions 15, 16.

The pen-like cartridges can then engage in corresponding counterparts of the scaffolding or in the example shown in the drawing in counterparts 32 in the frame profile 4 of the casement 2.

In this case, undercuts 37 in the counterpart 32 can ensure permanent attachment. The pin-like cartridge 36 is particularly preferably designed as a glue cartridge, which bursts or releases glue automatically after the component has been pressed in, and in this way additionally ensures secure fastening.

With this variant, but also with other bolt-like projecting dowels, a corner connection of the frame can be built up, as described in the subsequently published EP 0 304 828 A3. In the corner connection of two solid frame parts, at least in the connection area, a strip-shaped projection set down on the one frame part engages in an adapted groove of the other frame part. Outside of this intervention, the mutually facing surfaces of the frame parts butt against each other. The strip-shaped projection and the groove each have a recess running in the direction transverse to the projection and parallel to the base of the groove, which recess complement one another in the engagement position to form a blind hole. This blind hole forms the counterpart 32 in the present invention. If the component or the multiple glass pane with the bolt-like holding plugs 31 or the pin-like cartridges 35 is pushed against the provisionally assembled frame in the axial direction of the elements 31, 35, the elements 31, 35 into the counterparts 32 to which they are adapted in cross section. This also secures and holds the corner connection of the frame structure.

In this case, too, a glue cartridge can of course be used, which provides additional stability.

Claims (10)

1. Plate-shaped component, in particular multiple glass pane, with an edge protection surrounding the edges of the component radially outwards, characterized in that the edge protection is formed by a foam (20) made of plastic, and that in the foam (20) holding dowels (31) integrated and are foamed in, which are provided for engaging in counterparts (32) during assembly. 2. Plate-shaped component according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam (20) is formed from a hard, cross-linked plastic. 3. Plate-shaped component according to claim 2, characterized in that the hard, cross-linked plastic of the foam (20) is a cross-linked polyurethane. 4. Plate-shaped component according to claim 3, characterized in that the crosslinked polyurethane of the foam (20) is reinforced with glass fiber or carbon black. 5. Plate-shaped component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam (20) in the corner regions (15, 16) extends to at least one outside of the plate-shaped component. 6. Plate-shaped component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edges (13, 14) radially surrounding the outside Parts of the foam (20) in the corner areas (15, 16) are thicker than in the other areas. 7. Plate-shaped component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the foam (20) seals (33) are integrated. 8. Plate-shaped component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the foam (20) metallic holding profiles are integrated in the region of the holding dowels (31). 9. A plate-shaped component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least two surface-parallel, approximately equally spaced layered glass panes one on top of the other, a frame-shaped circumferential spacer which is arranged at a distance from the edges of the glass panes and fills most of the distance between the two glass panes , a sealing compound with high diffusion resistance and soft consistency, in particular butyl rubber, which is arranged for airtight closure between each glass pane and the spacer, and in that the foam (20) space (area 21) outside the spacer (17) between the Fills glass panes (11, 12) and surrounds the edges (13, 14) of the glass panes (11, 12) radially outwards. 10. Plate-shaped component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding dowels (31) are equipped with an internal thread, in which one with an external thread equipped pin-shaped cartridge can be screwed, which in turn is designed for attachment in a recess during assembly.

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