Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
  • C10L1/1905—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal

Definitions

• This invention relates to a method for cleaning the carburetor and associated fuel induction and combustion parts of an internal combustion engine, to a method for cleaning the fuel induction system of an internal combustion engine having fuel injectors, and to a hydrocarbon fuel for an internal combustion engine containing at least one member of a particular class of deposit removing and residue inhibiting compounds.
• This process involves the use of a solvent composition containing at least 20% of a principal component which is a C1-C4 alkyl diester of one or more C4-C6 aliphatic dibasic acids, particularly succinic, glutaric, and adipic acids.
• Other components of the cleaner may be a gasoline detergent, a rust inhibitor, and one or more non-halogen-containing organic solvents.
• a preferred C1-C4 dialkyl ester of C4-C6 aliphatic dibasic acids is a mixture by weight of 15-25% dimethyl succinate, 55-75% dimethyl glutarate and 10-25% dimethyl adipate. Its approximate boiling range is 196-225°C, and its vapor pressure at 20°C is 0.2 Torr.
• a second preferred dibasic ester component is dimethyl adipate containing 0-15% by weight dimethyl glutarate.
• the effectiveness of the dibasic ester solvent in cleaning fuel systems is believed to be a result of ts excellent solvency combined with its high boiling temperature and excellent thermal stability.
• the dibasic ester solvent stays liquid going through the venturi section and wets and cleans the throttle plate and body. It also flows down and wets and cleans the intake valves. With a manifold gage, an increase in vacuum is observed after a dibasic ester solvent treatment.
• the present invention is a process for the cleaning of a carburetor and accompanying fuel induction parts used as engine valves parts, as well as spark plugs and the cylinder walls of the engine. This process comprises adding an effective amount of at least one C1 to C4 dialkyl ester of a C4 to C6 aliphatic dibasic acid to the carburetor while the engine is running.
• Another aspect of the present invention is cleaning the fuel injectors of an engine equipped with fuel injectors by running the engine on a fuel mixture containing 0.2 to 8 ounces of the aforementioned dialkyl ester per gallon of fuel.
• Another aspect of the present invention is a hydrocarbon fuel containing 0.2 to 8 ounces of the aforementioned dialkyl ester per gallon of fuel.
• the method of cleaning a fouled carburetor of an internal combustion engine comprises adding an effective amount of at least one C1 to C4 dialkyl ester of a C4 to C6 aliphatic dibasic acid to the carburetor while the engine is running.
• "An effective amount” will vary depending on the size of the carburetor, the speed that the engine is running and the degree to which the carburetor is fouled, but generally about 2 ounces of the aliphatic dibasic acid ester must be added before there is any noticeable change in engine performance. It is preferable to add the ester through the air intake throat of the carburetor, which is readily accessible on most engines by removal of the air filter cover or the air filter itself.
• the process of cleaning a carburetor by the direct addition of cleaner to the carburetor comprises using a composition containing at least 20% and preferably at least 40% by weight of at least one C1 to C4 dialkyl ester of at least one C4 to C6 aliphatic dibasic acid.
• the cleaner may be almost entirely composed of the dialkyl ester.
• the dialkyl ester in most cases will be a mixture of C4 to C6 aliphatic dibasic acid. Mixtures of C4 to C6 dibasic acids are a byproduct of the manufacture of adipic acid -- an acid that is used commercially on a large scale in the production of some types of nylon.
• Suitable dialkyl esters for use in the present invention are obtained by the esterification of such a byproduct stream.
• the composition of such a byproduct stream varies considerably, but in general will contain about 15 to 30 percent succinic acid, 50 to 73 percent glutaric acid, and about 6 to 25 percent adipic acid.
• the methyl esters of such a mixture of acids are usually the most economically attractive, but ethyl, propyl and butyl esters are also useful.
• non-halogen-containing organic solvents preferably those that have high flash points, i.e., above about 140°F.
• solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, esters of monoalkyl ethers of dipropylene glycol, and esters of monoalkyl ethers of tripropylene glycol, and blends of hydrocarbons sometimes called "heavy aromatic naptha".
• the hydrocarbon fuel of the invention comprises the fuel component, i.e, the petroleum fraction with or without the conventional additives, and about 0.2 to about 8 ounces per gallon of at least one C1 to C4 dialkyl ester of a C4 to C6 aliphatic dibasic acid.
• the method of cleaning a fuel system of an internal combustion engine having fuel injectors is running the engine on the above described hydrocarbon fuel containing the aliphatic dibasic acid ester in the amounts set forth.
• An engine with partially plugged fuel injectors will normally run noticeably better after about 1/4 to 1/2 tank of fuel containing the ester is burned. It is not necessary to run the engine at any particular speed to obtain the improvement -- merely adding the required amount of ester to the gas tank and using the engine in its usual fashion will yield the improvement.
• a 302 V/8 Ford engine was modified by replacing the standard carburetor air system by a "Y" manifold. Each arm of the manifold was fitted with a single barrel carburetor. Each carburetor was fitted with a removable aluminum sleeve in the area of the throttle plate in the carburetor base. Below the carburetor in each intake manifold was mounted a removable heated deposit tube fitted with a thermocouple.
• the engine test conditions were as follows: Engine RPM's: 700 + or - 50 Inlet air temperature: 160°F + or - 5 Intake deposit bar temperature: 275°F + or - 5 Base fuel: Phillips J gasoline
• the engine was run for about 15 hours using the base fuel, which is known to form deposits.
• the "dirty" sleeves and deposit tubes were removed, weighed, and replaced.
• the engine was restarted, 4 oz. a mixture of dibasic esters (about 17% by wt dimethyl succinate, about 66% by wt dimethyl glutarate, and about 17% by wt dimethyl adipate) was poured through carburetor #2. None was added to carburetor #1.
• the engine was run for 60 minutes following the addition.
• the sleeves and deposit tubes were removed and weighed. The results were: Deposit Weight, mg.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

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Cited By (21)

Citations (7)

• 1990
  • 1990-02-06 EP EP90102296A patent/EP0382159A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (7)

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