EP0379417A1 - Device for suspending submunition in an inclined position from a parachute - Google Patents

Device for suspending submunition in an inclined position from a parachute Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0379417A1
EP0379417A1 EP90400112A EP90400112A EP0379417A1 EP 0379417 A1 EP0379417 A1 EP 0379417A1 EP 90400112 A EP90400112 A EP 90400112A EP 90400112 A EP90400112 A EP 90400112A EP 0379417 A1 EP0379417 A1 EP 0379417A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
submunition
attachment means
plate
parachute
pins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90400112A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0379417B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Frehaut
Jean-Pierre Pineau
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Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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Application filed by Thomson Brandt Armements SA filed Critical Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Publication of EP0379417A1 publication Critical patent/EP0379417A1/en
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Publication of EP0379417B1 publication Critical patent/EP0379417B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/56—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding of parachute or paraglider type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for tilting an object under a parachute, more particularly a submunition.
  • this positioning in the inclined position must be carried out with a minimum of lateral displacement of the munition in order to avoid causing the beginning of rocking of the assembly.
  • An object of the invention therefore consists in providing a device for positioning in an inclined position a submunition suspended under a parachute which does not have these drawbacks.
  • first and second attachment means under a plate intended to be carried under a parachute, a submunition is suspended by first and second attachment means: -
  • the first attachment means being formed by an arm articulated respectively with the plate and with the body of the submunition by its upper and lower ends, around parallel horizontal axes, the second attachment means having a structure with two positions: a first position in which the subminition is vertical and a second position in which it is inclined, said structure also comprising means for guiding the tilting between the two positions, a locking means in the first position and a means for releasing the latter, the first and second attachment means being arranged so that the center of gravity of the submunition moves downhill on a vertical line when it passes from the vertical position to the inclined position.
  • the second attachment means consists of symmetrical oblong slots in lugs secured to the submunition, and pins or pins engaged in said slots, secured to said plate, the presence of pins or pins at one or other of the ends of said slots determining the two positions of the second attachment means, and the longitudinal shape of the slots defining the guide means.
  • said slots are on lugs secured to the plate, and the axes engaged in said slots are secured to the submunition.
  • the invention also relates to a means for deferring the tilting of the submunition relative to the opening of the parachute, this means being entirely mechanical and consisting of an arrangement of said lights combined with the presence of a compressed spring between the -munition and platinum.
  • a plate 1 suspended horizontally under a parachute 2 by means of straps 3 and a swivel 4, carries a submunition 5.
  • the plate 1 which appears more clearly in FIG. 2, has three sides 1a, 1b, 1c which form a frame in the shape of an equilateral triangle. Each corner of the plate 1 is provided with a fastener 6 to which a strap 3 is fixed.
  • the fasteners 6 are formed by two vertical legs 7 carrying between them cylinder portions 8.
  • the legs 7 of one of the fasteners 6 - the one on the right in FIG. 2 - comprise bearings now a horizontal axis, parallel to the side 1c, on which is articulated an arm 9 directed downwards.
  • the arm 9 consists of an upper part 9a and a part lower in two branches forming a yoke 9b articulated with the body of the submunition 5 around a horizontal axis also parallel to the side 1c.
  • the two corners of the plate 1 remote from the arm 9 have, near the fasteners 6, vertical tabs 10 perpendicular to the direction of the side 1c.
  • the planes of the external faces of the tabs 10 are located towards the outside with respect to the adjacent fasteners 6.
  • the legs 10 carry horizontal pins 11 directed outwards, parallel to the articulation axes of the arm 9.
  • the pins 11 are engaged in respective slots 12 which are located in plates 13 fixed on top of the submunition 5.
  • the plates 13 are vertical and perpendicular to the direction of the side 1c.
  • the slots 12, as well as the plates 13, are symmetrical with respect to the plane in which the arm 9 oscillates.
  • the ends of the slots 12 determine two positions of the submunition 5 with respect to the plate 1: when the pins 11 are at lower ends, the submunition 5 is in a vertical position, shown in solid lines in FIG. 3, and when they are at the upper ends, the submunition is in the inclined position at a desired angle of inclination ⁇ , shown in broken lines.
  • the positions of the upper ends of the slots 12 are further defined by the fact that in the inclined position of the submunition 5 which results therefrom, the center of gravity G2 of the submunition is below the center of gravity G1 of the submunition in the vertical position, and on the same vertical, relative to the plate 1.
  • the slots 12 have a shape such that during the relative displacement of the pins 11 in the slots from one end to the other, the center of gravity of the submunition 5 moves vertically and in the same direction between the points G1 and G2 relative to the plate 1.
  • the shape of the openings 12 determined by this requirement is curved and is substantially that shown in FIG. 3. Note that depending on the length of the arm 9, there is a limit tilt angle of the submunition 5 beyond which the center of gravity of the submunition, instead of continuing to descend , would go up when switching. This position is defined in FIG.
  • the slots 12 and the arm 9 are arranged in such a way that the desired angle of inclination of the submunition or this limit angle.
  • the submunition 5 In the initial state, the submunition 5 is held vertically under the plate 1 by blocking the pins 11 at the lower ends of the slots 12. Consequently, in operation, it will suffice to provide a means for unlocking the pins 11 and a low energy input - by spring, for example - otherwise zero so that the submunition takes the inclined position, gravity contributing to the tilting.
  • the assembly will be designed in such a way that the center of gravity of the submunition is on the vertical passing through the swivel 4.
  • the means for unlocking the lugs 11 is controlled by a delay means, so as to delay the tilting of the submunition with respect to the braking phase.
  • a delay means so as to delay the tilting of the submunition with respect to the braking phase.
  • the tilting of the submunition at this moment would be very brutal and would release a significant amount of energy which would have to be absorbed.
  • the tilting would cause the rotation blades to open at high speed with which these submunitions are generally provided, and the intense aerodynamic forces that these blades would bear would force the axes of rotation and the opening stops to be oversized.
  • the systems commonly used are based on a delay controlling a mechanical action. They are of the electromechanical, or electro-pyrotechnic, or even entirely pyrotechnic type. In general, they are relatively expensive, and their complexity affects the reliability of the assembly.
  • the system illustrated in Figs. 4 to 6 has the advantage of being entirely mechanical and very simple. It essentially consists of a particular cutout of the end of the slots 12 occupied by the lugs 11 when the submunition is vertical, combined with the presence of an appropriate spring compressed between the top of the submunition and the plate.
  • FIG. 6 It forms with respect to the light 12 ′ a first notch 14 ′ directed downwards and a second notch 15 ′ directed upwards.
  • the internal edge 16 ′ of the notch 14 ′ is inclined by an angle ⁇ ′ on the vertical, opposite to the general direction of the light 12 ′.
  • the internal edge 17 ′ is inclined at an angle ⁇ ′ to the vertical, on the same side as the edge 16 ′.
  • the compressed spring between the submunition and the plate mentioned above appears in Figs. 4 and 5 and bears the reference 18 ′. It is placed around a stud 19 ′ secured to a lug 20 ′ fixed to the top of the submunition 5 ′. The spring 18 ′ is compressed between the legs 20 ′ and 21 ′ and exerts a horizontal force F ′.
  • the force F ′ is very largely sufficient to ensure the locking of the lugs 11 ′ at the bottom of the notches 14 ′, FIG. 4, until the parachute opens.
  • the deceleration produced then is so significant - of the order of several tens of times the acceleration of gravity - that under the effect of the mass of the submunition 5 ′, the force F ′ is overcome, the pins 11 ′ Sliding on the edge 16 ′ of the notches 14 ′, releasing themselves, and penetrating into the notches 15 ′, FIG. 5.
  • the lugs 11 ′ remain pressed against the bottom of the notches 15 ′, despite the action of the spring 18 ′.
  • the value of the angle ⁇ ′ and that of the force F ′ are calculated such that the pins 11 ′ slide on the internal edge 17 ′ of the notches 15 ′ when the deceleration produced by the parachute still has a value substantially equal to twice the acceleration of gravity, so as to have a good reliability of the system.
  • the tabs comprising the slots 12 or 12 ′ may be integral with the plate and the lugs 11 or 11 ′ of the submunition.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

The device comprises first and second means for attaching a submunition (5) to a plate (1) carried under a parachute, the first attachment means being formed by an arm (9) articulated on the plate (1) and the body of the munition (5), and the second attachment means having a structure with two positions in which the submunition (5) is respectively vertical or inclined, the structure also comprising a means for guiding the tilt between the two positions. <??>The first and second attachment means are arranged in such a way that the centre of gravity of the submunition (5) descends along a vertical line when the latter is tilting into the inclined position. <??>The device of the invention makes it possible to prevent the rocking occurring as a result of the tilting of the submunition into the inclined position, and it is simple and economical to produce. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de mise en position inclinée d'un objet sous parachute, plus particulièrement une sous-munition.The present invention relates to a device for tilting an object under a parachute, more particularly a submunition.

Pour la mise en phase active d'une sous-munition de type anti-char à effet dirigé, il est nécessaire d'incliner la munition par rapport à la verticale, dans le but d'obtenir un balayage en spirale de la tête de la munition, quels que soient les moyens utilisés pour son freinage et sa mise en rotation.For the active phase of an anti-tank type munition with directed effect, it is necessary to tilt the ammunition relative to the vertical, in order to obtain a spiral sweep of the head of the ammunition, whatever the means used for its braking and its rotation.

D'autre part, cette mise en position inclinée doit s'effectuer avec un minimum de déplacement latéral de la munition afin d'éviter de provoquer un début de balancement de l'ensemble.On the other hand, this positioning in the inclined position must be carried out with a minimum of lateral displacement of the munition in order to avoid causing the beginning of rocking of the assembly.

Une solution facile consisterait à positionner un axe de rotation d'une platine portant les suspentes de parachute au niveau du centre de gravité de la munition. Cette solution n'est toutefois pas satisfaisante, du fait que ledit axe se trouverait alors au niveau de la charge militaire, ce qui risquerait de compromettre gravement le fonctionnement de celle-­ci.An easy solution would be to position an axis of rotation of a plate carrying the parachute lines at the center of gravity of the ammunition. This solution is however not satisfactory, since the said axis would then be at the level of the military charge, which would risk seriously compromising the operation thereof.

Un objet de l'invention consiste donc à prévoir un dispositif de mise en position inclinée d'une sous-­munition suspendue sous un parachute qui ne présente pas ces inconvénients.An object of the invention therefore consists in providing a device for positioning in an inclined position a submunition suspended under a parachute which does not have these drawbacks.

Selon l'invention, sous une platine destinée à être portée sous un parachute, est suspendue une sous-­munition par des premier et second moyens d'accrochage :
- le premier moyen d'accrochage étant formé par un bras articulé respectivement avec la platine et avec le corps de la sous-munition par ses extrémités supérieure et inférieure, autour d'axes horizontaux parallèles,
- le second moyen d'accrochage ayant une structure à deux positions : une première position dans laquelle la sous-minition est verticale et une seconde position dans laquelle elle est inclinée, ladite structure comprenant également un moyen de guidage du basculement entre les deux positions, un moyen de blocage en première position et un moyen de libération de celui-ci,
les premier et second moyens d'accrochage étant arrangés de telle façon que le centre de gravité de la sous-munition se déplace en descendant sur une ligne verticale lors du passage de celleci de la position verticale à la position inclinée.According to the invention, under a plate intended to be carried under a parachute, a submunition is suspended by first and second attachment means:
- The first attachment means being formed by an arm articulated respectively with the plate and with the body of the submunition by its upper and lower ends, around parallel horizontal axes,
the second attachment means having a structure with two positions: a first position in which the subminition is vertical and a second position in which it is inclined, said structure also comprising means for guiding the tilting between the two positions, a locking means in the first position and a means for releasing the latter,
the first and second attachment means being arranged so that the center of gravity of the submunition moves downhill on a vertical line when it passes from the vertical position to the inclined position.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférée, le second moyen d'accrochage consiste en des lumières oblongues symétriques dans des pattes solidaires de la sous-munition, et des axes ou ergots engagés dans lesdites lumières, solidaires de ladite platine, la présence des axes ou ergots à l'une ou l'autre des extrémités desdites lumières déterminant les deux positions du second moyen d'accrochage, et la forme longitudinale des lumières définissant le moyen de guidage.In a preferred embodiment, the second attachment means consists of symmetrical oblong slots in lugs secured to the submunition, and pins or pins engaged in said slots, secured to said plate, the presence of pins or pins at one or other of the ends of said slots determining the two positions of the second attachment means, and the longitudinal shape of the slots defining the guide means.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, lesdites lumières se trouvent sur des pattes solidaires de la platine, et les axes engagés dans lesdites lumières sont solidaires de la sous-munition.In another embodiment of the invention, said slots are on lugs secured to the plate, and the axes engaged in said slots are secured to the submunition.

L'invention concerne également un moyen permettant de différer le basculement de la sous-munition par rapport à l'ouverture du parachute, ce moyen étant entièrement mécanique et consistant en un aménagement desdites lumières conjugué à la présence d'un ressort comprimé entre la sous-munition et la platine.The invention also relates to a means for deferring the tilting of the submunition relative to the opening of the parachute, this means being entirely mechanical and consisting of an arrangement of said lights combined with the presence of a compressed spring between the -munition and platinum.

Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnée ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un exemple de réalisation, faite en relation avec les dessins joints, parmi lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue d'ensemble d'une sous-munition suspendue en position inclinée à une platine portée horizontalement sous un parachute,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue de dessus de la platine et de la munition en position verticale sous ladite platine,
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue de côté de la platine et de la sous-munition de la Fig. 2, les traits interrompus représentant la sous-munition en position inclinée,
  • les Fig. 4 et 5 sont des vues semblables à celle de la Fig. 3, illustrant un dispositif de basculement selon l'invention, complété par un système mécanique pour différer ledit basculement, et
  • la Fig. 6 est une vue partielle, à échelle agrandie, d'un détail des Figs. 4 et 5.
The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, made in relation to the accompanying drawings, among which:
  • Fig. 1 is an overall view of a submunition suspended in an inclined position from a plate carried horizontally under a parachute,
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of the plate and of the ammunition in a vertical position under said plate,
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of the plate and the submunition of FIG. 2, the broken lines representing the submunition in an inclined position,
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are views similar to that of FIG. 3, illustrating a tilting device according to the invention, supplemented by a mechanical system for delaying said tilting, and
  • Fig. 6 is a partial view, on an enlarged scale, of a detail of FIGS. 4 and 5.

A la Fig. 1, une platine 1, suspendue horizontalement sous un parachute 2 par l'intermédiaire de sangles 3 et d'un émerillon 4, porte une sous-munition 5. La platine 1, qui apparaît plus clairement à la Fig. 2, présente trois côtés 1a, 1b, 1c qui forment un cadre en forme de triangle équilatéral. Chaque coin de la platine 1 est pourvu d'une attache 6 à laquelle est fixée une sangle 3. Les attaches 6 sont formées de deux pattes verticales 7 portant entre elles des portions de cylindre 8.In Fig. 1, a plate 1, suspended horizontally under a parachute 2 by means of straps 3 and a swivel 4, carries a submunition 5. The plate 1, which appears more clearly in FIG. 2, has three sides 1a, 1b, 1c which form a frame in the shape of an equilateral triangle. Each corner of the plate 1 is provided with a fastener 6 to which a strap 3 is fixed. The fasteners 6 are formed by two vertical legs 7 carrying between them cylinder portions 8.

Les pattes 7 de l'une des attaches 6 - celle de droite à la Fig. 2 - comportent des paliers maintenant un axe horizontal, parallèle au côté 1c, sur lequel est articulé un bras 9 dirigé vers le bas. Le bras 9 se compose d'une partie supérieure 9a et d'une partie inférieure en deux branches formant une chape 9b articulée avec le corps de la sous-munition 5 autour d'un axe horizontal également parallèle au côté 1c.The legs 7 of one of the fasteners 6 - the one on the right in FIG. 2 - comprise bearings now a horizontal axis, parallel to the side 1c, on which is articulated an arm 9 directed downwards. The arm 9 consists of an upper part 9a and a part lower in two branches forming a yoke 9b articulated with the body of the submunition 5 around a horizontal axis also parallel to the side 1c.

Les deux coins de la platine 1 éloignés du bras 9 comportent, près des attaches 6, des pattes verticales 10 perpendiculaires à la direction du côté 1c. Les plans des faces externes des pattes 10 se trouvent vers l'extérieur par rapport aux attaches 6 adjacentes. Les pattes 10 portent des ergots 11 horizontaux dirigés vers l'extérieur, parallèlement aux axes d'articulation du bras 9.The two corners of the plate 1 remote from the arm 9 have, near the fasteners 6, vertical tabs 10 perpendicular to the direction of the side 1c. The planes of the external faces of the tabs 10 are located towards the outside with respect to the adjacent fasteners 6. The legs 10 carry horizontal pins 11 directed outwards, parallel to the articulation axes of the arm 9.

Les ergots 11 sont engagés dans des lumières respectives 12 qui se trouvent dans des plaques 13 fixées sur le dessus de la sous-munition 5. Les plaques 13 sont verticales et perpendiculaires à la direction du côté 1c. Les lumières 12, ainsi que les plaques 13, sont symétriques par rapport au plan dans lequel oscille le bras 9. Les extrémités des lumières 12 déterminent deux positions de la sous-munition 5 par rapport à la platine 1 : quand les ergots 11 sont aux extrémités inférieures, la sous-munition 5 est en position verticale, représentée en traits pleins à la Fig. 3, et quand ils sont aux extrémités supérieures, la sous-munition est en position inclinée selon un angle d'inclinaison désiré α, représentée en traits interrompus. Les positions des extrémités supérieures des lumières 12 sont encore définies par le fait que dans la position inclinée de la sous-munition 5 qui en découle, le centre de gravité G₂ de la sous-munition est au-dessous du centre de gravité G₁ de la sous-munition en position verticale, et sur la même verticale, relativement à la platine 1.The pins 11 are engaged in respective slots 12 which are located in plates 13 fixed on top of the submunition 5. The plates 13 are vertical and perpendicular to the direction of the side 1c. The slots 12, as well as the plates 13, are symmetrical with respect to the plane in which the arm 9 oscillates. The ends of the slots 12 determine two positions of the submunition 5 with respect to the plate 1: when the pins 11 are at lower ends, the submunition 5 is in a vertical position, shown in solid lines in FIG. 3, and when they are at the upper ends, the submunition is in the inclined position at a desired angle of inclination α, shown in broken lines. The positions of the upper ends of the slots 12 are further defined by the fact that in the inclined position of the submunition 5 which results therefrom, the center of gravity G₂ of the submunition is below the center of gravity G₁ of the submunition in the vertical position, and on the same vertical, relative to the plate 1.

D'autre part, entre leurs extrémités, les lumières 12 ont une forme telle que lors du déplacement relatif des ergots 11 dans les lumières d'une extrémité à l'autre, le centre de gravité de la sous-munition 5 se déplace verticalement et dans le même sens entre les points G₁ et G₂ relativement à la platine 1. La forme des lumières 12 déterminée par cette exigence est courbe et est sensiblement celle représentée à la Fig. 3. On notera qu'en fonction de la longueur du bras 9, il y a un angle d'inclinaison limite de la sous-munition 5 au-delà duquel le centre de gravité de la sous-munition, au lieu de continuer à descendre, remonterait lors du basculement. Cette position est définie à la Fig. 3 par le segment de droite limité par G₂ et l'axe d'articulation supérieur du bras 9, dont la longueur est la somme de la distance entre les deux axes d'articulation du bras 9 et de la distance du centre de gravité G de la sous-munition 5 à l'axe d'articulation inférieur du bras 9. Dans l'exemple de réalisation montré, les lumières 12 et le bras 9 sont arrangés de telle façon que l'angle d'inclinaison désiré de la sous-­munition soit cet angle limite.On the other hand, between their ends, the slots 12 have a shape such that during the relative displacement of the pins 11 in the slots from one end to the other, the center of gravity of the submunition 5 moves vertically and in the same direction between the points G₁ and G₂ relative to the plate 1. The shape of the openings 12 determined by this requirement is curved and is substantially that shown in FIG. 3. Note that depending on the length of the arm 9, there is a limit tilt angle of the submunition 5 beyond which the center of gravity of the submunition, instead of continuing to descend , would go up when switching. This position is defined in FIG. 3 by the line segment limited by G₂ and the upper articulation axis of the arm 9, the length of which is the sum of the distance between the two articulation axes of the arm 9 and the distance from the center of gravity G of the submunition 5 to the lower articulation axis of the arm 9. In the embodiment shown, the slots 12 and the arm 9 are arranged in such a way that the desired angle of inclination of the submunition or this limit angle.

A l'état initial, la sous-munition 5 est maintenue verticalement sous la platine 1 par blocage des ergots 11 aux extrémités inférieures des lumières 12. Par conséquent, en fonctionnement, il suffira de prévoir un moyen pour débloquer les ergots 11 et d'un apport d'énergie faible - par ressort, par exemple - sinon nul pour que la sous-munition prenne la position inclinée, la gravité contribuant au basculement. En pratique, l'ensemble sera conçu de telle façon que le centre de gravité de la sous-munition se trouve sur la verticale passant par l'émérillon 4.In the initial state, the submunition 5 is held vertically under the plate 1 by blocking the pins 11 at the lower ends of the slots 12. Consequently, in operation, it will suffice to provide a means for unlocking the pins 11 and a low energy input - by spring, for example - otherwise zero so that the submunition takes the inclined position, gravity contributing to the tilting. In practice, the assembly will be designed in such a way that the center of gravity of the submunition is on the vertical passing through the swivel 4.

De préférence, le moyen pour débloquer les ergots 11 est commandé par un moyen à retard, de façon à différer le basculement de la sous-munition par rapport à la phase de freinage. En effet, lors de l'ouverture du parachute, la décélaration peut être très importante, de l'ordre de plusieurs dizaines de fois l'accélération de la pesanteur. Le basculement de la sous-munition à cet instant serait très brutal et libérerait une quantité d'énergie importante qu'il faudrait absorber. Par ailleurs, le basculement provoquerait l'ouverture à grande vitesse des pales de rotation dont ces sous-­munitions sont généralement pourvues, et les efforts aérodynamiques intenses que supporteraient lesdites pales obligerait à surdimensionner les axes de rotation et les butées d'ouverture. Les systèmes couramment utilisés sont à base d'un retard commandant une action mécanique. Ils sont de type électromécanique, ou bien électro-pyrotechnique, ou encore entièrement pyrotechnique. D'une manière générale, ils sont relativement coûteux, et leur complexité nuit à la fiabilité de l'ensemble.Preferably, the means for unlocking the lugs 11 is controlled by a delay means, so as to delay the tilting of the submunition with respect to the braking phase. Indeed, during the opening of the parachute, the decelaration can be very important, of the order of several tens of times the acceleration gravity. The tilting of the submunition at this moment would be very brutal and would release a significant amount of energy which would have to be absorbed. Furthermore, the tilting would cause the rotation blades to open at high speed with which these submunitions are generally provided, and the intense aerodynamic forces that these blades would bear would force the axes of rotation and the opening stops to be oversized. The systems commonly used are based on a delay controlling a mechanical action. They are of the electromechanical, or electro-pyrotechnic, or even entirely pyrotechnic type. In general, they are relatively expensive, and their complexity affects the reliability of the assembly.

Le système illustré aux Figs. 4 à 6 a l'avantage d'être entièrement mécanique et très simple. Il consiste essentiellement en une découpe particulière de l'extrémité des lumières 12 occupée par les ergots 11 quand la sous-­munition est verticale, conjuguée à la présence d'un ressort approprié comprimé entre le sommet de la sous-­munition et la platine.The system illustrated in Figs. 4 to 6 has the advantage of being entirely mechanical and very simple. It essentially consists of a particular cutout of the end of the slots 12 occupied by the lugs 11 when the submunition is vertical, combined with the presence of an appropriate spring compressed between the top of the submunition and the plate.

Ladite découpe apparaît plus clairement à la Fig. 6. Elle forme par rapport à la lumière 12′ une première encoche 14′ dirigée vers le bas et une seconde encoche 15′ dirigée vers le haut. Le bord interne 16′ de l'encoche 14′ est incliné d'un angle β′ sur la verticale, à l'opposé de la direction générale de la lumière 12′. De même, le bord interne 17′ est incliné d'un angle γ′ sur la verticale, du même côté que le bord 16′.Said cutout appears more clearly in FIG. 6. It forms with respect to the light 12 ′ a first notch 14 ′ directed downwards and a second notch 15 ′ directed upwards. The internal edge 16 ′ of the notch 14 ′ is inclined by an angle β ′ on the vertical, opposite to the general direction of the light 12 ′. Similarly, the internal edge 17 ′ is inclined at an angle γ ′ to the vertical, on the same side as the edge 16 ′.

Le ressort comprimé entre la sous-munition et la platine mentionné plus haut apparaît aux Figs. 4 et 5 et porte la référence 18′. Il est placé autour d'un plot 19′ solidaire d'une patte 20′ fixée au sommet de la sous-munition 5′. Le ressort 18′ est comprimé entre les pattes 20′ et 21′ et exerce une force horizontale F′.The compressed spring between the submunition and the plate mentioned above appears in Figs. 4 and 5 and bears the reference 18 ′. It is placed around a stud 19 ′ secured to a lug 20 ′ fixed to the top of the submunition 5 ′. The spring 18 ′ is compressed between the legs 20 ′ and 21 ′ and exerts a horizontal force F ′.

La force F′ est très largement suffisante pour assurer le blocage des ergots 11′ au fond des encoches 14′, Fig. 4, jusqu'à l'ouverture du parachute. La décélération produite alors est si importante - de l'ordre de plusieurs dizaines de fois l'accélération de la pesanteur - que sous l'effet de la masse de la sous-­munition 5′, la force F′ est vaincue, les ergots 11′ glissant sur le bord 16′ des encoches 14′, se libérant, et pénétrant dans les encoches 15′, Fig. 5. Tant que la décélération demeure importante, les ergots 11′ restent plaqués au fond des encoches 15′, malgré l'action du ressort 18′. La valeur de l'angle γ′ et celle de la force F′ sont calculées telles que les ergots 11′ glissent sur le bord interne 17′ des encoches 15′ lorsque la décélération produite par le parachute a encore une valeur sensiblement égale à deux fois l'accélération de la pesanteur, de manière à avoir une bonne fiabilité du système.The force F ′ is very largely sufficient to ensure the locking of the lugs 11 ′ at the bottom of the notches 14 ′, FIG. 4, until the parachute opens. The deceleration produced then is so significant - of the order of several tens of times the acceleration of gravity - that under the effect of the mass of the submunition 5 ′, the force F ′ is overcome, the pins 11 ′ Sliding on the edge 16 ′ of the notches 14 ′, releasing themselves, and penetrating into the notches 15 ′, FIG. 5. As long as the deceleration remains significant, the lugs 11 ′ remain pressed against the bottom of the notches 15 ′, despite the action of the spring 18 ′. The value of the angle γ ′ and that of the force F ′ are calculated such that the pins 11 ′ slide on the internal edge 17 ′ of the notches 15 ′ when the deceleration produced by the parachute still has a value substantially equal to twice the acceleration of gravity, so as to have a good reliability of the system.

Bien entendu, le passage des ergots 11′ de l'encoche 14′ à l'encoche 15′, puis de l'encoche 15′ dans la lumière 12′ proprement dite, fait apparaître un léger déplacement latéral du centre de gravité de la sous-munition 5′. Toutefois, ce déplacement latéral précède le basculement, et les inconvénients résultants sont largement compensés par le fait que le basculement s'effectue sous des contraintes de vitesse et d'efforts nettement plus faibles.Of course, the passage of the pins 11 ′ from the notch 14 ′ to the notch 15 ′, then from the notch 15 ′ in the slot 12 ′ proper, reveals a slight lateral displacement of the center of gravity of the sub -munition 5 ′. However, this lateral displacement precedes the tilting, and the resulting drawbacks are largely compensated for by the fact that the tilting takes place under speed and effort constraints which are clearly lower.

Dans d'autres formes de réalisation, les pattes comportant les lumières 12 ou 12′ peuvent être solidaires de la platine et les ergots 11 ou 11′ de la sous-munition.In other embodiments, the tabs comprising the slots 12 or 12 ′ may be integral with the plate and the lugs 11 or 11 ′ of the submunition.

Outre les avantages que le basculement de la sous-­munition a lieu sans déplacement latéral de son centre de gravité, donc sans risque de balancement de l'ensemble provoqué par ledit basculement, et que le déplacement relatif vers le bas du centre de gravité lors du basculement permet d'obtenir celui-ci pratiquement sans apport d'énergie, il faut noter qu'il est possible de le fabriquer en tôle emboutie, donc de façon économique.In addition to the advantages that the tilting of the submunition takes place without lateral displacement of its center of gravity, therefore without risk of rocking of the assembly caused by said tilting, and that the relative downward movement of the center of gravity during the tilting makes it possible to obtain it practically without any energy input, it should be noted that it is possible to manufacture it from pressed sheet metal, economically.

Claims (8)

1) Dispositif de mise en position inclinée sous parachute d'une sous-munition, comportant une platine (1) destinée à être portée sous ledit parachute, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des premier et second moyens d'accrochage de ladite sous-munition (5) à la platine (1),
- le premier moyen d'accrochage étant formé par un bras (9) articulé respectivement avec la platine (1) et avec le corps de la sous-munition (5) par ses extrémités supérieure et inférieure, autour d'axes horizontaux parallèles,
- le second moyen d'accrochage ayant une structure à deux positions : une première position dans laquelle la sous-munition (5) est verticale et une seconde position dans laquelle elle est inclinée, ladite structure comprenant également un moyen de guidage du basculement entre les deux positions, un moyen de blocage en première position et un moyen de libération de celui-ci,
les premier et second moyens d'accrochage étant arrangés de telle façon que le centre de gravité de la sous-munition (5) se déplace en descendant sur une ligne verticale lors du passage de celle-ci de la position verticale à la position inclinée.1) device for inclining a submunition under a parachute, comprising a plate (1) intended to be carried under said parachute, characterized in that it comprises first and second means for attaching said sub- ammunition (5) to the plate (1),
the first attachment means being formed by an arm (9) articulated respectively with the plate (1) and with the body of the submunition (5) by its upper and lower ends, around parallel horizontal axes,
- The second attachment means having a structure with two positions: a first position in which the submunition (5) is vertical and a second position in which it is inclined, said structure also comprising means for guiding the tilting between the two positions, a locking means in the first position and a means for releasing the latter,
the first and second attachment means being arranged so that the center of gravity of the submunition (5) moves down on a vertical line when the latter passes from the vertical position to the inclined position. 2) Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit second moyen d'accrochage est du type à axe ou ergot engagé dans une lumière oblongue, les deux positions du second moyen d'accrochage étant déterminées par la présence dudit axe ou ergot à chaque extrémité de la lumière, et le guidage du basculement étant défini par la forme longitudinale de ladite lumière.2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said second attachment means is of the axis or lug type engaged in an oblong slot, the two positions of the second attachment means being determined by the presence of said axis or lug each end of the light, and the tilting guide being defined by the longitudinal shape of said light. 3) Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit second moyen d'accrochage comprend deux lumières oblongues symétriques (12) dans des pattes (13) solidaires de l'extrémite supérieure de la sous-­munition (5), et des axes ou ergots (11) engagés dans lesdites lumières (12), solidaires de la platine (1).3) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that said second attachment means comprises two symmetrical oblong slots (12) in lugs (13) integral with the upper end of the submunition (5), and pins or pins (11) engaged in said slots (12), integral with the plate (1) . 4) Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen de libération du second moyen d'accrochage est un moyen à retard.4) Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said means for releasing the second attachment means is a delay means. 5) Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte encore un moyen pour assister le passage du second moyen d'accrochage de sa première position à sa seconde position.5) Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises means for assisting the passage of the second attachment means from its first position to its second position. 6) Dispositif selon l'une des revendication 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, en outre, un moyen pour différer le basculement de la sous-munition (5′) par rapport à l'ouverture du parachute, ledit moyen consistant en une découpe en forme d'encoches (14′, 15′) de l'extrémité des lumières (12′) occupée par les ergots (11′) lorsque la sous-munition (5′) n'est pas basculée, conjuguée à la présence d'un ressort (18′) comprimé entre le sommet de la sous-munition (5′) et la platine (1′).6) Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises a means for delaying the tilting of the submunition (5 ′) relative to the opening of the parachute, said means consisting of a cutout in the form of notches (14 ′, 15 ′) of the end of the lights (12 ′) occupied by the pins (11 ′) when the submunition (5 ′) is not tilted, conjugated the presence of a spring (18 ′) compressed between the top of the submunition (5 ′) and the plate (1 ′). 7) Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la force (F′) du ressort (18′) et la pente (β′) du bord interne (16′) de l'encoche (14′) sont tels qu'une décélération de l'ordre de plusieurs dizaines de fois la valeur de l'accélération de la pesanteur est nécessaire pour libérer les ergots (11′) des encoches (14′).7) Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the force (F ′) of the spring (18 ′) and the slope (β ′) of the internal edge (16 ′) of the notch (14 ′) are such that a deceleration of the order of several tens of times the value of the acceleration of gravity is necessary to release the pins (11 ′) from the notches (14 ′). 8) Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la pente (γ′) du bord interne (17′) de l'encoche (15′) est telle que la décélération produite par le parachute doit descendre à une valeur de l'ordre de deux fois l'accélération de la pesanteur pour que la force (F′) du ressort (18′) soit suffisante pour libérer les ergots (11′) desdites encoches (15′).8) Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the slope (γ ′) of the internal edge (17 ′) of the notch (15 ′) is such that the deceleration produced by the parachute must descend to a value of the order of twice the acceleration of gravity so that the force (F ′) of the spring (18 ′) is sufficient to release the lugs (11 ′) from said notches (15 ′).
EP90400112A 1989-01-20 1990-01-16 Device for suspending submunition in an inclined position from a parachute Expired - Lifetime EP0379417B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8900685A FR2642159B1 (en) 1989-01-20 1989-01-20 DEVICE FOR INCLINED POSITIONING OF A SUBMUNITION UNDER A PARACHUTE
FR8900685 1989-01-20

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EP0379417A1 true EP0379417A1 (en) 1990-07-25
EP0379417B1 EP0379417B1 (en) 1993-05-19

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US (1) US5003882A (en)
EP (1) EP0379417B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2008159A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69001613T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2040568T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2642159B1 (en)

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US7699268B2 (en) * 2006-04-10 2010-04-20 Fox Jr Roy L Sling release mechanism
DE102007025258A1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh warhead
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Cited By (2)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2642159A1 (en) 1990-07-27
ES2040568T3 (en) 1993-10-16
EP0379417B1 (en) 1993-05-19
FR2642159B1 (en) 1991-03-29
US5003882A (en) 1991-04-02
DE69001613D1 (en) 1993-06-24
DE69001613T2 (en) 1993-12-09
CA2008159A1 (en) 1990-07-20

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