EP0379406B1 - Backward tie beam in a mould for die pressure casting of metallic plate products or slabs - Google Patents

Backward tie beam in a mould for die pressure casting of metallic plate products or slabs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0379406B1
EP0379406B1 EP90400094A EP90400094A EP0379406B1 EP 0379406 B1 EP0379406 B1 EP 0379406B1 EP 90400094 A EP90400094 A EP 90400094A EP 90400094 A EP90400094 A EP 90400094A EP 0379406 B1 EP0379406 B1 EP 0379406B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cross
hollow body
mould
fact
piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90400094A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0379406A1 (en
Inventor
René Laloi Maurice
Courbier Michel François
Robert André Vatant
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Creusot Loire Industrie SA
Clecim SAS
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Creusot Loire Industrie SA
Clecim SAS
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Application filed by Creusot Loire Industrie SA, Clecim SAS filed Critical Creusot Loire Industrie SA
Priority to AT90400094T priority Critical patent/ATE87249T1/en
Publication of EP0379406A1 publication Critical patent/EP0379406A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
    • B22D7/08—Divided ingot moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rear spacer of a die casting mold for flat metal products of great thickness such as slabs according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a spacer results from the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
  • a casting process has been known and used for a long time which consists in introducing a pocket containing the metal to be poured inside a tank which is then closed by a lid applied in a sealed manner to the upper edge of the tank.
  • the cover of the tank carries a tube of refractory material, the lower part of which dips into the metal filling the pocket and the upper part of which communicates with a through opening in the cover of the tank provided with means for connection to a metal pouring nozzle. in a mold.
  • the assembly constituted by the tank containing the pocket and provided with its closing cover can be brought into the casting position below a mold comprising a filling nozzle at its lower part.
  • the mold filling nozzle is placed in coincidence and in leaktight contact with the bag cover connection device, then pressurized air is sent inside the tank so as to cause the metal to rise. inside the refractory tube, then inside the mold, until it is completely filled.
  • This pressure casting process can be applied to the production of thick flat steel products such as slabs.
  • the molds used for the die casting of the slabs comprise a support and tilting frame mounted to pivot about a horizontal axis so that it can be tilted very slightly relative to the horizontal plane in order to connect the filling nozzle of the mold to the opening of the tank cover before starting the casting operation.
  • the mold mainly comprises two large side walls arranged parallel to one another, the internal faces of which lined with graphite blocks constitute the surfaces of the mold coming into contact with the liquid metal to delimit the two. large faces of the slab.
  • the side walls are mounted on the chassis so as to be movable in the direction perpendicular to their molding faces, that is to say in the transverse direction of the mold corresponding to the thickness of the molded product.
  • the closing of the other faces of the mold cavity, of substantially parallelepiped shape is ensured by spacers interposed between the two side walls which are pressed against these spacers during the casting and the cooling of the metal introduced into the mold.
  • the width of the spacers in the transverse direction determines the thickness of the flat product which is poured.
  • One of these spacers closes the parallelepipedal casting cavity, in a direction corresponding to the width of the slab, on the side of the mold opposite its anterior end through which the liquid metal enters the casting cavity.
  • This spacer is arranged in a substantially vertical direction and can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the mold corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the slab by a device carried by the rear part of the support and tilting frame.
  • This rear spacer makes it possible to adjust the length of the casting cavity and therefore the length of the slab which is molded.
  • the liquid metal which is introduced into the casting cavity through the lower end of its front part first comes into contact with the lower spacer and then reaches the rear spacer, the lower end of which is at a level slightly higher than the level of introduction of the liquid metal, the chassis being tilted slightly forward in the casting position.
  • the liquid metal then rises progressively inside the casting cavity, the rear spacer being in contact with a layer of liquid metal whose height gradually increases.
  • the part of the rear spacer constituting the molding wall of the rear end face of the slab coming into direct contact with the liquid metal is thus subjected to stresses and to a much more unfavorable thermal regime than the lower spacer which is brought into thermal equilibrium with the liquid metal over its entire length from the start of the casting and that the upper spacer which does not come into contact with the liquid metal until the end of casting.
  • the rear spacer of the casting mold is constituted by a carbon steel block with a substantially square or rectangular section whose length corresponds substantially to the total length of the rear spacer and which is machined on one of its faces to constitute a cooling water circulation channel.
  • the stainless steel molding wall is attached to the face of the carbon steel block so as to completely seal the cooling channel, on the side of the ca speed of casting of the slab.
  • the cooling channel can also be machined in the thickness of the stainless steel wall which is attached against a flat face of the carbon steel block constituting the structure of the spacer.
  • the stainless steel plate is welded to the carbon steel block, over its entire periphery in an area close to the hottest part of the spacer during casting, undergoing the greatest thermal stresses.
  • the cooling water is caused to circulate over a substantial part of the length of the molding wall and in contact with its rear face opposite to the cast metal, by means of supply and recovery channels of water passing through the block in carbon steel constituting the rear part of the spacer.
  • the cooling water generally flows from bottom to top, along the length of the spacer.
  • the carbon steel block constituting the rear part of the spacer may have successive transverse slots delimiting parts of the spacer that can expand independently of one another. , in a certain way.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a rear spacer for a die casting mold for flat metal products of great thickness such as slabs which ensures the closing of the mold in the direction of the width of the slab, on the opposite side.
  • a device for moving in the longitudinal direction of the mold carried by the rear part of the chassis so as to present towards the inside of the mold cavity a cooled metal molding wall by a circulation of water, this spacer making it possible to avoid any risk of introducing water into the mold cavity, during casting.
  • an assembly of a slab pressure casting mold is generally designated by the reference 1.
  • This mold has a lower structure 2 constituted by a chassis 3 and a lower spacer 4 fixed on the upper part of the chassis 3.
  • the chassis 3 constitutes a support and tilting element for the walls delimiting the molding cavity 5 of the slab.
  • chassis 3 is mounted tilting around a horizontal axis 6 located in the vicinity of the middle part of the mold in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the slab.
  • the mold 1 comprises a pouring and filling nozzle 9 placed at one of the ends of the lower spacer 4 and of the frame 3 constituting the front end of the mold.
  • a jack 8 allows the mold 1 to tilt between a horizontal position where the nozzle 9 is slightly above a connection device 10 fixed to the top of the cover 11 of the tank of the pressure casting installation and a position where the mold is tilted forward a few degrees, the end of the pouring and filling nozzle 9 then coming into tight contact with the connection means 10 fixed on the cover 11 of the tank of the installation die casting.
  • the filling nozzle 9 is in communication with a tube fixed to the cover 11 of the tank and immersed in a steel pocket.
  • the steel is made to rise in the tube so that it gradually fills the cavity 5 of the mold through the nozzle filling 9.
  • the casting mold 1 comprises an upper spacer 12 fixed to a suspension assembly 13 and maintained in a position substantially parallel to the lower spacer 4.
  • the upper spacer 12 has a substantially vertical front end portion 12b in the service position of the spacer 12.
  • An anterior graphite spacer 14 is disposed vertically at the front of the mold so that its lower part defines with the front part of the lower spacer 4 a passage of a certain width in communication with the pouring and filling nozzle 9 of the mold by the liquid metal.
  • the upper part of the front spacer 14 delimits an ascending channel 15 with the vertical front part 12b of the upper spacer 12.
  • the ascending channel 15 communicates the molding cavity 5 with a counterweight in which the metal shrinkage occurs. end of casting.
  • the mold 1 also comprises a rear spacer 16 which can be moved in the longitudinal direction by means of a device 17 fixed on the rear part of the support and tilting frame 3.
  • the rear spacer 16 forming the subject of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
  • Two side walls are mounted movable in the transverse direction, that is to say in a direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1, on the chassis 3, so as to come into tight contact against the lateral faces of the spacers 4,12, 14 and 16 to ensure the closure of the molding cavity 5.
  • the side walls are formed by blocks of graphite juxtaposed and held in supports, so as to constitute the interior wall for molding the cavity 5, along the large faces of the slab parallel to the plane of FIG. 1.
  • the thickness of which in the transverse direction determines the thickness of the casting cavity 5 and the slab.
  • the spacer 16 is mainly constituted by a hollow body 20 of stainless steel or refractory whose external dimension, along the length of the spacer, corresponds to the width of the casting cavity 5 of the mold 1, that is to say tell the width of the slab.
  • the hollow body 20 has in cross-section the shape of a U, the base 20a of which forms the molding wall of the spacer coming into contact with the liquid metal through its external surface and whose branches 20b and 20c, substantially perpendicular to the molding wall 20a, constitute the side walls of the spacer.
  • the graphite side walls molding the large faces of the slab come into contact with the outer surface of the side walls 20b and 20c of the spacer 16, the spacing of these external surfaces determining l thickness of the slab.
  • the hollow body 20 further comprises upper and lower longitudinal end walls 21 and 22, respectively, substantially perpendicular to the molding wall 20a.
  • the spacing of the external surfaces of the longitudinal end walls 21 and 22, at the ends of the molding wall 20a, corresponds to the width of the casting cavity 5, that is to say to the width of the casting slab , the spacer 16 being in contact by its end portions 21 and 22 with the upper spacer 12 and with the lower spacer 4 respectively.
  • the hollow body 20 therefore has a substantially parallelepiped internal cavity completely open on a side opposite to the molding wall 20a.
  • the hollow body 20 produced in one piece can advantageously be obtained by molding a stainless steel or refractory steel of a suitable shade, in a mold of corresponding shape.
  • the side walls 20b and 20c as well as the longitudinal end walls 21 and 22 are connected internally to the molding wall 20a by rounded surfaces in the form of portions of cy liner improving the mechanical properties and in particular the resistance to cracking of the hollow body 20.
  • a closure plate 23 of the hollow body 20 On the end portions of the side walls 20b and 20c opposite the molding wall 20a, is fixed a closure plate 23 of the hollow body 20 by means of which the spacer 16 is connected to a structure 25 ensuring the connection between the rear spacer 16 and its displacement device 17 and comprising guide bars 24 and push and pull bars 26, visible in FIG. 1.
  • the structure 25 is connected to the closure plate 23 by means of screwed connection devices 27.
  • the spacer 16 also includes, inside the hollow body 20 and over a substantial part of its height, an internal jacket 30 constituted by a sheet of stainless steel curved so as to have a U-shaped cross section as it is visible in Figure 3.
  • the internal jacket 30 is fixed inside the hollow body 20, via the external end of its side walls 30b and 30c corresponding to the branches of the U which are fixed, by welding over their entire length, to the surface inner side walls 20b and 20c respectively of the hollow body 20, in areas of these walls remote from the molding wall 20a.
  • the weld beads 31 sealingly connecting the inner jacket 30 to the hollow body 20 in the longitudinal direction of this hollow body are arranged in an area located substantially in the middle of the branches 20b and corresponding 20c.
  • a free space 33 is formed between the internal jacket 30 and a part of the internal surface of the hollow body 20 formed by the whole of the internal surface of the molding wall. 20a and the front part of the inner surface of the side walls 20b and 20c.
  • Transversal retaining spacers 32 fixed on the closure plate 23 of the hollow body 20 are distributed along the length of the spacer 16 and come to bear by their end portion opposite to the plate 23, on the bottom of the internal jacket 30, at its part 30a corresponding to the base of the U.
  • the welds for fixing the inner jacket and the spacers maintain the inner jacket so that it can deform within a certain limit by expansion, while ensuring its correct positioning inside the hollow body 20, so to keep the shape and dimensions of the free space 33 between the inner jacket 30 and the inner wall of the hollow body substantially constant, in the vicinity of the molding wall 20a.
  • the internal jacket 30 has longitudinal ends leaving a certain free space with respect to the internal surface of the longitudinal closing walls 21 and 22 of the hollow body 20.
  • Two walls 34 and 35 constituted by a folded and shaped stainless steel sheet are welded in the vicinity of the ends of the internal jacket 30, on this internal jacket and along its entire internal periphery corresponding to the interior of the U shown in the figure 3.
  • the walls 34 and 35 have a second part folded substantially at 90 ° relative to the first part of the corresponding wall and welded together. along its edges, on the one hand in the longitudinal direction, on the inner surface of the side walls 20b and 20c of the hollow body 20 and, on the other hand, in the transverse direction, on the corresponding end wall 21 or 22 .
  • a tube 36 passes through the wall 34 on which it is tightly fixed.
  • a tube 37 passes through the wall 35 on which it is tightly fixed.
  • the ends of the pipes 36 and 37 opposite the walls 34 and 35 are connected to flexible pipes 38 and 39, respectively.
  • the walls 34 and 35 delimit fully sealed water boxes at the ends of the hollow body 20 making it possible to establish a circulation of cooling water in the space 33 formed between the jacket 30 and the interior surface of the hollow body 20.
  • the flexible tube 39 is connected to the lower guide bar 24 of the rear spacer 16 inside which is formed a channel allowing the passage of a water supply pipe for the flexible tube 39 and the box water bounded by the wall 35.
  • the flexible tube 38 is connected to the upper guide bar 24 of the spacer 16.
  • This upper guide bar has a channel for recovering the cooling water having circulated from top to bottom in space 33, the upper part of which communicates with the water box 34.
  • the width of the U-shaped space 33 being very small (a few millimeters), it is possible to ensure a very rapid circulation of the cooling water in the space 33 with a moderate feed rate. This ensures very efficient cooling by avoiding any vaporization of the water inside the cooling channel.
  • the bending and the method of fixing the internal jacket 30 make it possible to absorb, by deformation of this jacket, differences in expansion between the molding wall and the internal lateral walls of the spacer. This maintains a good overall elasticity and the welds of the jacket and the water boxes on the hollow body are not stressed beyond acceptable limits, that is to say in a manner which would risk cause tearing or deterioration of these welds.
  • welds of the internal jacket 30 and of the walls 34 and 35 on the hollow body 20 are located in zones remote from the molding wall 20a coming into contact with the liquid metal and constituting the hot zone of the subjected spacer. at high thermal stresses.
  • the welds are therefore subjected to mechanical stresses and moderate thermal stresses, so that the risks of cracking and loss of sealing of the cooling channel and the water boxes are considerably reduced.
  • the rear spacer according to the invention can therefore be stored without special precautions and reused without there being any risk of pollution or blockage of the internal or external cooling circuits.
  • the cooling of the molding wall can therefore be carried out in all cases optimally and without the risk of water leaking into the interior of the mold.
  • the wall 23 for closing the hollow body 20 towards the outside of the mold carries at its lower part a support assembly 40 for the spacer comprising a rolling roller 41 on the upper surface of the 'lower spacer 4, this roller being mounted telescopically on a retaining rod 42, by means of a spring 43.
  • This device 40 makes it possible to move the rear spacer 16 on the lower spacer 4, for adjustment in length of the mold.
  • the closing of the mold is ensured by the front part of the longitudinal end wall 22 of the body 20 of the spacer which has a slight inclination towards the front relative to the lower spacer.
  • the upper longitudinal closure wall 21 comprises a series of longitudinal channels of small dimensions 45 visible in FIG. 2A making it possible to evacuate the air remaining in the mold at the end of casting, during filling of the upper part of the mold and of the channel ascending 15.
  • the channels may have a greater depth in their rear part than in their front part directed towards the inside of the mold. This prevents clogging of the channels in their rear part and promotes the evacuation of air while avoiding the passage of steel through the front part at shallow depth of the channels.
  • the channels can be of reduced length and located only in the front part of the spacer; the rear part of the spacer can then have a large air exhaust opening into which the channels open.
  • This exhaust opening may have an increasing depth towards the rear of the spacer, the channels communicating with the front part of the exhaust opening having a depth that is sufficiently shallow to prevent the passage of steel.
  • FIGS. 4, 4A and 4B an alternative embodiment of the upper part of the spacer is seen, the corresponding elements in FIG. 2 on the one hand and in FIGS. 4, 4A and 4B on the other hand carrying the same benchmarks.
  • the upper longitudinal closure wall 21 of the spacer has in its front part a cavity 51 comprising undercut parts 51 ', in which is housed a wire mesh 46 of suitable shape.
  • the lattice 46 provides channels 47 for the passage of the air remaining in the corner of the mold at the end of casting.
  • the liquid metal comes into contact with the lattice 46, it freezes and the lattice becomes integral with the slab.
  • the trellis is therefore a consumable element which must be replaced at each casting cycle.
  • the lattice trapped by the solidified slab follows the withdrawal of the latter during its cooling, the bodies 51 'being provided to release the upper angle of the slab during its contraction.
  • the wide passage 49 located at the rear of the cavity 51 of the spacer constitutes a channel allowing good ventilation of the internal cavity 5 of the mold.
  • the assembly of the lattice 46 and the channel 49 therefore ensures easy evacuation of the air-gas mixture, so that the pressurization of the gaseous mixture and the turbulence of the liquid steel bath which occurs in the event the vent opens violently under the effect of pressure.
  • the trellis is held in place by hooks 50 fixed to the rear of the spacer and produced in the form of light elements which do not hinder the withdrawal of the slab.
  • defects in the slab are avoided such as cracks on its rear face and folds due to the disordered movements of the steel when the levels are restored. be the flyweight and the rear part of the slab.
  • the dimensions of the channel 49 are such that in the event of a fall or forgetfulness of the lattice 46, the steel freezes in the channel and does not come to settle on the rear part of the mold.
  • the cooling channel 33 must have parts back towards the outside along the side walls of the hollow body.
  • This hollow body can be made of a stainless steel or refractory of any shade or any metal or non-ferrous alloy whose properties are appropriate and by a process different from a molding process, from the moment when this hollow body is made in a single piece without junction between the different parts of its wall.
  • the invention applies in all cases where a rear face of a slab pressure casting mold is closed by a metallic spacer.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR90/00025 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 10, 1991 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 10, 1991 PCT Filed Jan. 12, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO90/07999 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 26, 1990.The spacer comprises a body made from a single piece of metal of hollow form having a U-shaped transverse section. The concave part of this section faces towards the rear and the front face of the hollow body correspondiung to the base of the U forms the moulding wall of the spacer. A bent metal inner sleeve provides a free space of small thickness which has a U-shaped cross-section in which circulating water cools the moulding wall over its entire length. The space also comprises lateral parts in contact with the lateral walls of the hollow body.

Description

L'invention concerne une entretoise arrière d'un moule de coulée sous pression de produits plats métalliques de forte épaisseur tels que des brames suivant le préambule de la revendication 1. Une telle entretoise résulte des connaissances de l'homme du métier.The invention relates to a rear spacer of a die casting mold for flat metal products of great thickness such as slabs according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a spacer results from the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.

On connaît et on utilise depuis longtemps un procédé de coulée qui consiste à introduire une poche contenant le métal à couler à l'intérieur d'une cuve qui est ensuite fermée par un couvercle appliqué de manière étanche sur le bord supérieurde la cuve. Le couvercle de la cuve porte un tube en matière réfractaire dont la partie inférieure plonge dans le métal remplissant la poche et dont la partie supérieure communique avec une ouverture de traversée du couvercle de la cuve muni de moyens de raccordement à une busette de coulée du métal dans un moule.A casting process has been known and used for a long time which consists in introducing a pocket containing the metal to be poured inside a tank which is then closed by a lid applied in a sealed manner to the upper edge of the tank. The cover of the tank carries a tube of refractory material, the lower part of which dips into the metal filling the pocket and the upper part of which communicates with a through opening in the cover of the tank provided with means for connection to a metal pouring nozzle. in a mold.

L'ensemble constitué par la cuve renfermant la poche et muni de son couvercle de fermeture peut être amené en position de coulée en-dessous d'un moule comportant une busette de remplissage à sa partie inférieure. La busette de remplissage du moule est mise en coïncidence et en contact étanche avec le dispositif de raccordement du couvercle de la poche, puis de l'air sous pression est envoyé à l'intérieur de la cuve de manière à faire monter le métal à l'intérieur du tube réfractaire, puis à l'intérieur du moule, jusqu'à son remplissage complet.The assembly constituted by the tank containing the pocket and provided with its closing cover can be brought into the casting position below a mold comprising a filling nozzle at its lower part. The mold filling nozzle is placed in coincidence and in leaktight contact with the bag cover connection device, then pressurized air is sent inside the tank so as to cause the metal to rise. inside the refractory tube, then inside the mold, until it is completely filled.

En réglant la pression du gaz envoyé dans la poche, on maîtrise parfaitement les conditions de coulée du métal et de remplissage du moule, ce qui permet d'obtenir des produits coulés d'une qualité très satisfaisante et constante.By regulating the pressure of the gas sent into the pocket, the conditions for casting the metal and filling the mold are perfectly controlled, which makes it possible to obtain cast products of a very satisfactory and constant quality.

Ce procédé de coulée sous pression peut être appliqué à la production de produits plats en acier de forte épaisseur tels que des brames.This pressure casting process can be applied to the production of thick flat steel products such as slabs.

Les moules utilisés pour la coulée sous pression des brames comportent un châssis de support et de basculement monté pivotant autour d'un axe horizontal de manière à pouvoir être incliné très légèrement par rapport au plan horizontal afin de raccorder la busette de remplissage du moule à l'ouverture de sortie du couvercle de la cuve avant de commencer l'opération de coulée.The molds used for the die casting of the slabs comprise a support and tilting frame mounted to pivot about a horizontal axis so that it can be tilted very slightly relative to the horizontal plane in order to connect the filling nozzle of the mold to the opening of the tank cover before starting the casting operation.

Le moule comporte principalement deux parois latérales de grandes dimensions disposées parallèlement l'une à l'autre en vis-à-vis dont les faces internes garnies de blocs de graphite constituent les surfaces du moule venant en contact avec le métal liquide pour délimiter les deux grandes faces de la brame.The mold mainly comprises two large side walls arranged parallel to one another, the internal faces of which lined with graphite blocks constitute the surfaces of the mold coming into contact with the liquid metal to delimit the two. large faces of the slab.

Les parois latérales sont montées sur le châssis de façon à être mobiles dans la direction perpendiculaire à leurs faces de moulage, c'est-à-dire dans la direction transversale du moule correspondant à l'épaisseur du produit moulé. La fermeture des autres faces de la cavité du moule, de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique est assurée par des entretoises intercalées entre les deux parois latérales qui se trouvent serrées contre ces entretoises pendant la coulée et le refroidissement du métal introduit dans le moule.The side walls are mounted on the chassis so as to be movable in the direction perpendicular to their molding faces, that is to say in the transverse direction of the mold corresponding to the thickness of the molded product. The closing of the other faces of the mold cavity, of substantially parallelepiped shape is ensured by spacers interposed between the two side walls which are pressed against these spacers during the casting and the cooling of the metal introduced into the mold.

La largeur des entretoises dans la direction transversale détermine l'épaisseur du produit plat dont on réalise la coulée.The width of the spacers in the transverse direction determines the thickness of the flat product which is poured.

L'une de ces entretoises, appelée entretoise arrière, réalise la fermeture de la cavité de coulée de forme parallélépipédique, suivant une direction correspondant à la largeur de la brame, du côté du moule opposé à son extrémité antérieure par laquelle le métal liquide pénètre dans la cavité de coulée. Cette entretoise est disposée dans une direction sensiblement verticale et peut être déplacée dans la direction longitudinale du moule correspondant à la direction longitudinale de la brame par un dispositif porté par la partie arrière du châssis de support et de basculement. Cette entretoise arrière permet de régler la longueur de la cavité de coulée et donc la longueur de la brame dont on réalise le moulage.One of these spacers, called the rear spacer, closes the parallelepipedal casting cavity, in a direction corresponding to the width of the slab, on the side of the mold opposite its anterior end through which the liquid metal enters the casting cavity. This spacer is arranged in a substantially vertical direction and can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the mold corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the slab by a device carried by the rear part of the support and tilting frame. This rear spacer makes it possible to adjust the length of the casting cavity and therefore the length of the slab which is molded.

Pendant la coulée, le métal liquide qui est introduit dans la cavité de coulée par l'extrémité inférieure de sa partie avant vient en contact, dans un premier temps, avec l'entretoise inférieure puis atteint l'entretoise arrière dont l'extrémité inférieure est à un niveau légèrement supérieur au niveau d'introduction du métal liquide, le châssis étant légèrement basculé vers l'avant en position de coulée. Le métal liquide monte ensuite progressivement à l'intérieur de la cavité de coulée, l'entretoise arrière étant en contact avec une couche de métal liquide dont la hauteur augmente progressivement.During casting, the liquid metal which is introduced into the casting cavity through the lower end of its front part first comes into contact with the lower spacer and then reaches the rear spacer, the lower end of which is at a level slightly higher than the level of introduction of the liquid metal, the chassis being tilted slightly forward in the casting position. The liquid metal then rises progressively inside the casting cavity, the rear spacer being in contact with a layer of liquid metal whose height gradually increases.

La partie de l'entretoise arrière constituant la paroi de moulage de la face d'extrémité arrière de la brame venant en contact direct avec le métal liquide est ainsi soumise à des contraintes et à un régime thermique beaucoup plus défavorables que l'entretoise inférieure qui est mise en équilibre thermique avec le métal liquide sur toute sa longueur dès le début de la coulée et que l'entretoise supérieure qui ne vient en contact avec le métal liquide qu'en fin de coulée.The part of the rear spacer constituting the molding wall of the rear end face of the slab coming into direct contact with the liquid metal is thus subjected to stresses and to a much more unfavorable thermal regime than the lower spacer which is brought into thermal equilibrium with the liquid metal over its entire length from the start of the casting and that the upper spacer which does not come into contact with the liquid metal until the end of casting.

On a donc proposé de réaliser la paroi de coulée de l'entretoise arrière du moule en un acier inoxydable en particulier et de refroidir cette paroi sur sa face opposée à la cavité de moulage, par une circulation d'eau.It has therefore been proposed to produce the casting wall of the rear spacer of the mold in particular stainless steel and to cool this wall on its face opposite to the molding cavity, by a circulation of water.

Dans une forme de réalisation connue de l'art antérieur, l'entretoise arrière du moule de coulée est constituée par un bloc en acier au carbone à section sensiblement carrée ou rectangulaire dont la longueur correspond sensiblement à la longueur totale de l'entretoise arrière et qui est usinée sur une de ses faces pour constituer un canal de circulation d'eau de refroidissement. La paroi de moulage en acier inoxydable est rapportée sur la face du bloc en acier au carbone de manière à fermer de manière totalement étanche le canal de refroidissement, du côté de la cavité de coulée de la brame.In a known embodiment of the prior art, the rear spacer of the casting mold is constituted by a carbon steel block with a substantially square or rectangular section whose length corresponds substantially to the total length of the rear spacer and which is machined on one of its faces to constitute a cooling water circulation channel. The stainless steel molding wall is attached to the face of the carbon steel block so as to completely seal the cooling channel, on the side of the ca speed of casting of the slab.

Le canal de refroidissement peut également être usiné dans l'épaisseur de la paroi en acier inoxydable qui est rapportée contre une face plane du bloc en acier au carbone constituant la structure de l'entretoise.The cooling channel can also be machined in the thickness of the stainless steel wall which is attached against a flat face of the carbon steel block constituting the structure of the spacer.

Dans tous les cas, la plaque en acier inoxydable est soudée sur le bloc en acier au carbone, sur toute sa périphérie dans une zone proche de la partie la plus chaude de l'entretoise pendant la coulée, subissant les contraintes thermiques les plus importantes.In all cases, the stainless steel plate is welded to the carbon steel block, over its entire periphery in an area close to the hottest part of the spacer during casting, undergoing the greatest thermal stresses.

L'eau de refroidissement est amenée à circuler sur une partie substantielle de la longueur de la paroi de moulage et en contact avec sa face arrière opposée au métal coulé, grâce à des canaux d'alimentation et de récupération d'eau traversant le bloc en acier au carbone constituant la partie arrière de l'entretoise. L'eau de refroidissement circule généralement de bas en haut, suivant la longueur de l'entretoise.The cooling water is caused to circulate over a substantial part of the length of the molding wall and in contact with its rear face opposite to the cast metal, by means of supply and recovery channels of water passing through the block in carbon steel constituting the rear part of the spacer. The cooling water generally flows from bottom to top, along the length of the spacer.

Afin d'absorber les dilatations longitudinales, lors de la coulée du métal, le bloc en acier au carbone constituant la partie arrière de l'entretoise peut comporter des fentes transversales successives délimitant des parties de l'entretoise pouvant se dilater indépendamment les unes des autres, dans une certaine mesure.In order to absorb the longitudinal expansions, during the casting of the metal, the carbon steel block constituting the rear part of the spacer may have successive transverse slots delimiting parts of the spacer that can expand independently of one another. , in a certain way.

Malgré l'efficacité du refroidissement de la paroi de moulage en acier inoxydable, un tel mode de réalisation de l'entretoise arrière du moule présente un inconvénient qui peut être extrêmement grave provenant du fait que, lors des cycles thermiques répétés subis par l'entretoise lors des coulées successives, des fissures apparaissent à travers la soudure de liaison entre la paroi en acier inoxydable et le bloc en acier au carbone. L'eau de refroidissement est alors susceptible de passer au travers de ces fissures et de se déverser dans la cavité de coulée du moule. Il peut alors se produire des explosions qui sont extrêmement dangereuses pour les opérateurs assurant la conduite de l'installation de coulée et qui risquent de produire des détériorations importantes des mécanismes du moule.Despite the cooling efficiency of the stainless steel molding wall, such an embodiment of the rear mold spacer has a drawback which can be extremely serious, due to the fact that, during repeated thermal cycles undergone by the spacer during successive castings, cracks appear through the bonding weld between the stainless steel wall and the carbon steel block. The cooling water is then likely to pass through these cracks and to pour into the mold casting cavity. Explosions can then occur which are extremely dangerous for the operators operating the casting installation and which risk producing significant deterioration of the mold mechanisms.

Le but de l'invention est donc de proposer une entretoise arrière d'un moule de coulée sous pression de produits plats métalliques de forte épaisseur tels que des brames qui assure la fermeture du moule dans la direction de la largeurde la brame, du côté opposé à l'arrivée du métal liquide dans le moule, reliée à un dispositif de déplacement dans la direction longitudinale du moule porté par la partie arrière du châssis, de manière à présenter vers l'intérieur de la cavité du moule une paroi de moulage métallique refroidie par une circulation d'eau, cette entretoise permettant d'éviter tout risque d'introduction d'eau dans la cavité du moule, pendant la coulée.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a rear spacer for a die casting mold for flat metal products of great thickness such as slabs which ensures the closing of the mold in the direction of the width of the slab, on the opposite side. at the arrival of the liquid metal in the mold, connected to a device for moving in the longitudinal direction of the mold carried by the rear part of the chassis, so as to present towards the inside of the mold cavity a cooled metal molding wall by a circulation of water, this spacer making it possible to avoid any risk of introducing water into the mold cavity, during casting.

Dans ce but, l'entretoise arrière suivant l'invention comporte :

  • - un corps en une seule pièce métallique de forme creuse présentant une section transversale en forme d'U dont la partie concave est dirigée vers l'arrière et dont la face avant correspondant à la base du U constitue la paroi de moulage venant en contact avec le métal coulé,
  • - une chemise intérieure métallique cintrée de manière à présenter une section transversale sensiblement en forme d'U, disposée à l'intérieur du corps creux sur une partie substantielle de sa longueur, de façon qu'un espace libre de faible épaisseur dont la section transversale est en forme d'U soit ménagé entre le corps creux et la chemise intérieure, dont l'extrémité des parois correspondant aux branches du U est soudée à l'intérieur du corps creux sur toute leur longeur, dans des zones éloignées de la paroi de moulage,
  • - et deux dispositifs d'alimentation et de récupération d'eau de refroidissement, respectivement, disposés dans les parties d'extrémité longitudinales du corps creux en communication avec l'espace libre à ses extrémités, de manière à établir une circulation d'eau de refroidissement dans l'espace libre, en contact avec la surface intérieure du corps creux.
For this purpose, the rear spacer according to the invention comprises:
  • a body in a single metal piece of hollow form having a U-shaped cross section whose concave part is directed towards the rear and whose front face corresponding to the base of the U constitutes the molding wall coming into contact with cast metal,
  • - a metallic inner jacket curved so as to have a cross section substantially in the shape of a U, arranged inside the hollow body over a substantial part of its length, so that a thin free space including the cross section is U-shaped or formed between the hollow body and the inner liner, the end of the walls corresponding to the branches of the U is welded inside the hollow body over their entire length, in areas remote from the wall of molding,
  • - And two cooling water supply and recovery devices, respectively, arranged in the longitudinal end parts of the hollow body in communication with the free space at its ends, so as to establish a circulation of water of cooling in the free space, in contact with the interior surface of the hollow body.

Afin de bien faire comprendre l'invention, on va maintenant décrire, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, un moule de coulée sous pression de brames et de façon plus particulière, une entretoise arrière de ce moule suivant l'invention.In order to clearly understand the invention, a description will now be given, by way of nonlimiting example, of a mold for the pressure casting of slabs and, more particularly, a rear spacer of this mold according to the invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe par un plan vertical de l'ensemble d'un moule permettant la coulée sous pression de brames.Figure 1 is a sectional view through a vertical plane of the assembly of a mold for the pressure casting of slabs.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de l'entretoise arrière du moule représenté sur la figure 1, correspondant au détail 2 de la figure 1.FIG. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of the rear spacer of the mold shown in FIG. 1, corresponding to detail 2 of FIG. 1.
  • La figure 2A est une vue partielle suivant A de la figure 2.FIG. 2A is a partial view along A of FIG. 2.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant 3-3 de la figure 2.Figure 3 is a sectional view along 3-3 of Figure 2.
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la partie supérieure d'une entretoise suivant l'invention et suivant une variante de réalisation.Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the upper part of a spacer according to the invention and according to an alternative embodiment.
  • La figure 4A est une vue de face suivant A de la figure 4.FIG. 4A is a front view along A of FIG. 4.
  • La figure 4B est une vue de dessus suivant B de la figure 4.FIG. 4B is a top view along B of FIG. 4.

Sur la figure 1, on voit l'ensemble d'un moule de coulée sous pression de brames désigné de manière générale par le repère 1.In FIG. 1, an assembly of a slab pressure casting mold is generally designated by the reference 1.

Ce moule comporte une structure inférieure 2 constituée par un châssis 3 et une entretoise inférieure 4 fixée sur la partie supérieure du châssis 3.This mold has a lower structure 2 constituted by a chassis 3 and a lower spacer 4 fixed on the upper part of the chassis 3.

Le châssis 3 constitue un élément de support et de basculement des parois délimitant la cavité de moulage 5 de la brame.The chassis 3 constitutes a support and tilting element for the walls delimiting the molding cavity 5 of the slab.

De plus, le châssis 3 est monté basculant autour d'un axe horizontal 6 situé au voisinage de la partie médiane du moule dans la direction longitudinale correspondant à la direction longitudinale de la brame.In addition, the chassis 3 is mounted tilting around a horizontal axis 6 located in the vicinity of the middle part of the mold in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the slab.

Le moule 1 comporte une busette de coulée et de remplissage 9 placée à l'une des extrémités de l'entretoise inférieure 4 et du châssis 3 constituant l'extrémité antérieure du moule.The mold 1 comprises a pouring and filling nozzle 9 placed at one of the ends of the lower spacer 4 and of the frame 3 constituting the front end of the mold.

Un vérin 8 permet de réaliser le basculement du moule 1 entre une position horizontale où la busette 9 se trouve légèrement au-dessus d'un dispositif de raccordement 10 fixé au sommet du couvercle 11 de la cuve de l'installation de coulée sous pression et une position où le moule est basculé vers l'avant de quelques degrés, l'extrémité de la busette de coulée et de remplissage 9 venant alors en contact étanche avec les moyens de raccordement 10 fixés sur le couvercle 11 de la cuve de l'installation de coulée sous pression.A jack 8 allows the mold 1 to tilt between a horizontal position where the nozzle 9 is slightly above a connection device 10 fixed to the top of the cover 11 of the tank of the pressure casting installation and a position where the mold is tilted forward a few degrees, the end of the pouring and filling nozzle 9 then coming into tight contact with the connection means 10 fixed on the cover 11 of the tank of the installation die casting.

Dans cette position basculée, la busette de remplissage 9 se trouve en communication avec un tube fixé sur le couvercle 11 de la cuve et plongeant dans une poche d'acier. En envoyant de l'air sous une pression contrôlée à l'intérieur de la cuve fermée par le couvercle 11, on fait monter l'acier dans le tube de manière qu'il vienne remplir progressivement la cavité 5 du moule en passant par la busette de remplissage 9.In this tilted position, the filling nozzle 9 is in communication with a tube fixed to the cover 11 of the tank and immersed in a steel pocket. By sending air under a controlled pressure inside the tank closed by the cover 11, the steel is made to rise in the tube so that it gradually fills the cavity 5 of the mold through the nozzle filling 9.

En plus de l'entretoise inférieure 4 fixée sur le châssis 3, le moule de coulée 1 comporte une entretoise supérieure 12 fixée à un ensemble de suspension 13 et maintenue dans une position sensiblement parallèle à l'entretoise inférieure 4. L'entretoise supérieure 12 comporte une partie antérieure d'extrémité 12b sensiblement verticale dans la position de service de l'entretoise 12.In addition to the lower spacer 4 fixed to the frame 3, the casting mold 1 comprises an upper spacer 12 fixed to a suspension assembly 13 and maintained in a position substantially parallel to the lower spacer 4. The upper spacer 12 has a substantially vertical front end portion 12b in the service position of the spacer 12.

Une entretoise antérieure 14 en graphite est disposée verticalement à l'avant du moule de manière que sa partie inférieure délimite avec la partie antérieure de l'entretoise inférieure 4 un passage d'une certaine largeur en communication avec la busette de coulée et de remplissage 9 du moule par le métal liquide.An anterior graphite spacer 14 is disposed vertically at the front of the mold so that its lower part defines with the front part of the lower spacer 4 a passage of a certain width in communication with the pouring and filling nozzle 9 of the mold by the liquid metal.

La partie supérieure de l'entretoise antérieure 14 délimite un canal ascendant 15 avec la partie antérieure verticale 12b de l'entretoise supérieure 12. Le canal ascendant 15 fait communiquer la cavité de moulage 5 avec une masselotte dans laquelle se produit la retassure du métal en fin de coulée.The upper part of the front spacer 14 delimits an ascending channel 15 with the vertical front part 12b of the upper spacer 12. The ascending channel 15 communicates the molding cavity 5 with a counterweight in which the metal shrinkage occurs. end of casting.

Le moule 1 comporte également une entretoise arrière 16 qui peut être déplacée dans la direction longitudinale grâce à un dispositif 17 fixé sur la partie arrière du châssis de support et de basculement 3. L'entretoise arrière 16 faisant l'objet de l'invention sera décrite plus en détail en se référant aux figures 2 et 3.The mold 1 also comprises a rear spacer 16 which can be moved in the longitudinal direction by means of a device 17 fixed on the rear part of the support and tilting frame 3. The rear spacer 16 forming the subject of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 2 and 3.

Deux parois latérales sont montées mobiles dans la direction transversale, c'est- à-dire dans une direction perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 1, sur le châssis 3, de manière à veniren contact étanche contre les faces latérales des entretoises 4,12,14 et 16 pour assurer la fermeture de la cavité de moulage 5.Two side walls are mounted movable in the transverse direction, that is to say in a direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1, on the chassis 3, so as to come into tight contact against the lateral faces of the spacers 4,12, 14 and 16 to ensure the closure of the molding cavity 5.

Les parois latérales sont constituées par des blocs de graphite juxtaposés et maintenus dans des supports, de manière à constituer la paroi intérieure de moulage de la cavité 5, suivant les grandes faces de la brame parallèles au plan de la figure 1.The side walls are formed by blocks of graphite juxtaposed and held in supports, so as to constitute the interior wall for molding the cavity 5, along the large faces of the slab parallel to the plane of FIG. 1.

Dans le cas où l'on désire modifier l'épaisseur de la cavité de moulage 5 dans la direction transversale, pour changer l'épaisseur de la brame, il est nécessaire de changer l'ensemble des entretoises dont l'épaisseur dans la direction transversale détermine l'épaisseur de la cavité de coulée 5 et de la brame.In the case where it is desired to modify the thickness of the molding cavity 5 in the transverse direction, to change the thickness of the slab, it is necessary to change all of the spacers, the thickness of which in the transverse direction determines the thickness of the casting cavity 5 and the slab.

Sur les figures 2 et 3, on a représenté plus en détail la structure de l'entretoise arrière 16 faisant l'objet de l'invention.In Figures 2 and 3, there is shown in more detail the structure of the rear spacer 16 forming the subject of the invention.

L'entretoise 16 est constituée principalement par un corps creux 20 en acier inoxydable ou réfractaire dont la dimension externe, suivant la longueur de l'entretoise, correspond à la largeur de la cavité de coulée 5 du moule 1, c'est-à-dire à la largeur de la brame.The spacer 16 is mainly constituted by a hollow body 20 of stainless steel or refractory whose external dimension, along the length of the spacer, corresponds to the width of the casting cavity 5 of the mold 1, that is to say tell the width of the slab.

Comme il est visible sur la figure 3, le corps creux 20 présente en section transversale la forme d'un U dont la base 20a constitue la paroi de moulage de l'entretoise venant en contact avec le métal liquide par sa surface externe et dont les branches 20b et 20c, sensiblement perpendiculaires à la paroi de moulage 20a, constituent les parois latérales de l'entretoise. Dans la position de serrage du moule, les parois latérales en graphite réalisant le moulage des grandes faces de la brame viennent en contact avec la surface extérieure des parois latérales 20b et 20c de l'entretoise 16, l'écartement de ces surfaces externes déterminant l'épaisseur de la brame.As can be seen in FIG. 3, the hollow body 20 has in cross-section the shape of a U, the base 20a of which forms the molding wall of the spacer coming into contact with the liquid metal through its external surface and whose branches 20b and 20c, substantially perpendicular to the molding wall 20a, constitute the side walls of the spacer. In the clamping position of the mold, the graphite side walls molding the large faces of the slab come into contact with the outer surface of the side walls 20b and 20c of the spacer 16, the spacing of these external surfaces determining l thickness of the slab.

Le corps creux 20 comporte de plus des parois d'extrémité longitudinales supérieure et inférieure 21 et 22, respectivement, sensiblement perpendiculaires à la paroi de moulage 20a.The hollow body 20 further comprises upper and lower longitudinal end walls 21 and 22, respectively, substantially perpendicular to the molding wall 20a.

L'écartement des surfaces externes des parois d'extrémité longitudinales 21 et 22, aux extrémités de la paroi de moulage 20a, correspond à la largeur de la cavité de coulée 5, c'est-à-dire à la largeur de la brame coulée, l'entretoise 16 étant en contact par ses parties d'extrémités 21 et 22 avec l'entretoise supérieure 12 et avec l'entretoise inférieure 4 respectivement.The spacing of the external surfaces of the longitudinal end walls 21 and 22, at the ends of the molding wall 20a, corresponds to the width of the casting cavity 5, that is to say to the width of the casting slab , the spacer 16 being in contact by its end portions 21 and 22 with the upper spacer 12 and with the lower spacer 4 respectively.

Le corps creux 20 présente donc une cavité interne sensiblement parallélépipédique totalement ouverte sur un côté opposé à la paroi de moulage 20a.The hollow body 20 therefore has a substantially parallelepiped internal cavity completely open on a side opposite to the molding wall 20a.

Le corps creux 20 réalisé de manière monobloc peut être avantageusement obtenu par moulage d'un acier inoxydable ou réfractaire d'une nuance adaptée, dans un moule de forme correspondante.The hollow body 20 produced in one piece can advantageously be obtained by molding a stainless steel or refractory steel of a suitable shade, in a mold of corresponding shape.

Les parois latérales 20b et 20c ainsi que les parois d'extrémité longitudinales 21 et 22 sont raccordées intérieurement à la paroi de moulage 20a par des surfaces arrondies en forme de portions de cylindre améliorant les caractéristiques mécaniques et en particulier la résistance à la fissuration du corps creux 20.The side walls 20b and 20c as well as the longitudinal end walls 21 and 22 are connected internally to the molding wall 20a by rounded surfaces in the form of portions of cy liner improving the mechanical properties and in particular the resistance to cracking of the hollow body 20.

Sur les parties d'extrémité des parois latérales 20b et 20c opposées à la paroi de moulage 20a, est fixée une plaque de fermeture 23 du corps creux 20 par l'intermédiaire de laquelle l'entretoise 16 est reliée à une structure 25 assurant la liaison entre l'entretoise arrière 16 et son dispositif de déplacement 17 et comportant des barres de guidage 24 et des barres de poussée et de traction 26, visibles sur la figure 1.On the end portions of the side walls 20b and 20c opposite the molding wall 20a, is fixed a closure plate 23 of the hollow body 20 by means of which the spacer 16 is connected to a structure 25 ensuring the connection between the rear spacer 16 and its displacement device 17 and comprising guide bars 24 and push and pull bars 26, visible in FIG. 1.

La structure 25 est reliée à la plaque de fermeture 23 par l'intermédiaire de dispositifs de liaison vissés 27.The structure 25 is connected to the closure plate 23 by means of screwed connection devices 27.

L'entretoise 16 comporte également, à l'intérieur du corps creux 20 et sur une partie substantielle de sa hauteur, une chemise interne 30 constituée par une tôle en acier inoxydable cintrée de manière à présenter une section transversale en forme d'U comme il est visible sur la figure 3.The spacer 16 also includes, inside the hollow body 20 and over a substantial part of its height, an internal jacket 30 constituted by a sheet of stainless steel curved so as to have a U-shaped cross section as it is visible in Figure 3.

La chemise interne 30 est fixée à l'intérieur du corps creux 20, par l'intermédiaire de l'extrémité extérieure de ses parois latérales 30b et 30c correspondant aux branches du U qui sont fixées, par soudage sur toute leur longueur, sur la surface intérieure des parois latérales 20b et 20c respectivement du corps creux 20, dans des zones de ces parois éloignées de la paroi de moulage 20a.The internal jacket 30 is fixed inside the hollow body 20, via the external end of its side walls 30b and 30c corresponding to the branches of the U which are fixed, by welding over their entire length, to the surface inner side walls 20b and 20c respectively of the hollow body 20, in areas of these walls remote from the molding wall 20a.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 2 et 3, les cordons de soudure 31 reliant de manière étanche la chemise interne 30 au corps creux 20 suivant la direction longitudinale de ce corps creux sont disposés dans une zone située sensiblement au milieu des branches 20b et 20c correspondantes.In the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, the weld beads 31 sealingly connecting the inner jacket 30 to the hollow body 20 in the longitudinal direction of this hollow body are arranged in an area located substantially in the middle of the branches 20b and corresponding 20c.

Un espace libre 33 dont la section en forme d'U est visible sur la figure 3 est ménagé entre la chemise interne 30 et une partie de la surface intérieure du corps creux 20 constituée par l'ensemble de la surface intérieure de la paroi de moulage 20a et la partie antérieure de la surface intérieure des parois latérales 20b et 20c.A free space 33, the U-shaped section of which is visible in FIG. 3, is formed between the internal jacket 30 and a part of the internal surface of the hollow body 20 formed by the whole of the internal surface of the molding wall. 20a and the front part of the inner surface of the side walls 20b and 20c.

Des entretoises de maintien transversales 32 fixées sur la plaque de fermeture 23 du corps creux 20 sont réparties suivant la longueur de l'entretoise 16 et viennent en appui par leur partie d'extrémité opposée à la plaque 23, sur le fond de la chemise interne 30, au niveau de sa partie 30a correspondant à la base du U.Transversal retaining spacers 32 fixed on the closure plate 23 of the hollow body 20 are distributed along the length of the spacer 16 and come to bear by their end portion opposite to the plate 23, on the bottom of the internal jacket 30, at its part 30a corresponding to the base of the U.

Les soudures de fixation de la chemise interne et les entretoises assurent un maintien de la chemise interne de manière qu'elle puisse se déformer dans une certaine limite par dilatation, tout en assurant son positionnement correct à l'intérieur du corps creux 20, de manière à conserver de manière sensiblement constante la forme et les dimensions de l'espace libre 33 entre la chemise interne 30 et la paroi intérieure du corps creux, au voisinage de la paroi de moulage 20a.The welds for fixing the inner jacket and the spacers maintain the inner jacket so that it can deform within a certain limit by expansion, while ensuring its correct positioning inside the hollow body 20, so to keep the shape and dimensions of the free space 33 between the inner jacket 30 and the inner wall of the hollow body substantially constant, in the vicinity of the molding wall 20a.

Comme il est visible sur la figure 2, la chemise interne 30 comporte des extrémités longitudinales ménageant un certain espace libre par rapport à la surface intérieure des parois de fermeture longitudinales 21 et 22 du corps creux 20.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the internal jacket 30 has longitudinal ends leaving a certain free space with respect to the internal surface of the longitudinal closing walls 21 and 22 of the hollow body 20.

Deux parois 34 et 35 constituées par une tôle en acier inoxydable pliée et mise en forme sont soudées au voisinage des extrémités de la chemise interne 30, sur cette chemise interne et suivant toute sa périphérie interne correspondant à l'intérieur du U représenté sur la figure 3.Two walls 34 and 35 constituted by a folded and shaped stainless steel sheet are welded in the vicinity of the ends of the internal jacket 30, on this internal jacket and along its entire internal periphery corresponding to the interior of the U shown in the figure 3.

En plus de cette première partie fixée par soudage à l'intérieur de la section en U de la chemise 30, les parois 34 et 35 comportent une seconde partie pliée sensiblement à 90° par rapport à la première partie de la paroi correspondante et soudée le long de ses bords, d'une part dans la direction longitudinale, sur la surface intérieure des parois latérales 20b et 20c du corps creux 20 et, d'autre part, suivant la direction transversale, sur la paroi d'extrémité correspondante 21 ou 22.In addition to this first part fixed by welding inside the U-shaped section of the jacket 30, the walls 34 and 35 have a second part folded substantially at 90 ° relative to the first part of the corresponding wall and welded together. along its edges, on the one hand in the longitudinal direction, on the inner surface of the side walls 20b and 20c of the hollow body 20 and, on the other hand, in the transverse direction, on the corresponding end wall 21 or 22 .

Une tubulure 36 traverse la paroi 34 sur laquelle elle est fixée de manière étanche. De la même manière, une tubulure 37 traverse la paroi 35 sur laquelle elle est fixée de manière étanche. Les extrémités des tubulures 36 et 37 opposées aux parois 34 et 35 sont reliées à des tuyaux souples 38 et 39, respectivement.A tube 36 passes through the wall 34 on which it is tightly fixed. Likewise, a tube 37 passes through the wall 35 on which it is tightly fixed. The ends of the pipes 36 and 37 opposite the walls 34 and 35 are connected to flexible pipes 38 and 39, respectively.

Les parois 34 et 35 délimitent des boîtes à eau entièrement étanches aux extrémités du corps creux 20 permettant d'établir une circulation d'eau de refroidissement dans l'espace 33 ménagé entre la chemise 30 et la surface intérieure du corps creux 20.The walls 34 and 35 delimit fully sealed water boxes at the ends of the hollow body 20 making it possible to establish a circulation of cooling water in the space 33 formed between the jacket 30 and the interior surface of the hollow body 20.

Le tube souple 39 est relié à la barre de guidage inférieure 24 de l'entretoise arrière 16 à l'intérieur de laquelle est ménagé un canal permettant le passage d'une tuyauterie d'alimentation en eau du tube souple 39 et de la boîte à eau délimitée par la paroi 35.The flexible tube 39 is connected to the lower guide bar 24 of the rear spacer 16 inside which is formed a channel allowing the passage of a water supply pipe for the flexible tube 39 and the box water bounded by the wall 35.

De la même manière, le tube souple 38 est relié à la barre de guidage supérieure 24 de l'entretoise 16. Cette barre de guidage supérieure comporte un canal de récupération de l'eau de refroidissement ayant circulé de haut en bas dans l'espace 33 dont la partie supérieure communique avec la boîte à eau 34.In the same way, the flexible tube 38 is connected to the upper guide bar 24 of the spacer 16. This upper guide bar has a channel for recovering the cooling water having circulated from top to bottom in space 33, the upper part of which communicates with the water box 34.

On peut ainsi assurer, pendant la coulée, un refroidissement de la paroi de moulage 20a de l'entretoise 16, quelle que soit la position de cette entretoise dans le moule.It is thus possible, during casting, to cool the molding wall 20a of the spacer 16, whatever the position of this spacer in the mold.

La largeur de l'espace 33 en forme d'U étant très faible (quelques millimètres), on peut assurer une circulation très rapide de l'eau de refroidissement dans l'espace 33 avec un débit d'alimentation modéré. On assure ainsi un refroidissement très efficace en évitant toute vaporisation de l'eau à l'intérieur du canal de refroidissement.The width of the U-shaped space 33 being very small (a few millimeters), it is possible to ensure a very rapid circulation of the cooling water in the space 33 with a moderate feed rate. This ensures very efficient cooling by avoiding any vaporization of the water inside the cooling channel.

Le cintrage et le mode de fixation de la chemise interne 30 permettent d'absorber, par déformation de cette chemise, des différences de dilatation entre la paroi de moulage et les parois latérales internes de l'entretoise. On conserve ainsi une bonne élasticité d'ensemble et les soudures de la chemise et des boîtes à eau sur le corps creux ne sont pas sollicitées au-delà des limites acceptables, c'est-à-dire d'une manière qui risquerait d'entraîner un arrachement ou une détérioration de ces soudures.The bending and the method of fixing the internal jacket 30 make it possible to absorb, by deformation of this jacket, differences in expansion between the molding wall and the internal lateral walls of the spacer. This maintains a good overall elasticity and the welds of the jacket and the water boxes on the hollow body are not stressed beyond acceptable limits, that is to say in a manner which would risk cause tearing or deterioration of these welds.

En outre, les soudures de la chemise interne 30 et des parois 34 et 35 sur le corps creux 20 sont situées dans des zones éloignées de la paroi de moulage 20a venant en contact avec le métal liquide et constituant la zone chaude de l'entretoise soumise à de fortes contraintes thermiques.In addition, the welds of the internal jacket 30 and of the walls 34 and 35 on the hollow body 20 are located in zones remote from the molding wall 20a coming into contact with the liquid metal and constituting the hot zone of the subjected spacer. at high thermal stresses.

Les soudures de jonction entre les parois 34 et 35 des boîtes à eau et la chemise interne 30 sont refroidies de manière efficace par la circulation d'eau.The joint welds between the walls 34 and 35 of the water boxes and the internal jacket 30 are effectively cooled by the circulation of water.

Les soudures sont donc soumises à des contraintes mécaniques et à des contraintes thermiques modérées, si bien que les risques de fissuration et de perte d'étanchéité du canal de refroidissement et des boîtes à eau sont considérablement réduits.The welds are therefore subjected to mechanical stresses and moderate thermal stresses, so that the risks of cracking and loss of sealing of the cooling channel and the water boxes are considerably reduced.

En outre, si la fissuration d'une soudure se produisait malgré tout, la fuite d'eau correspondante se produirait vers l'extérieur du moule et non vers l'intérieur, ce qui supprime les risques d'explosion par mise en contact de l'eau et du métal liquide coulé dans le moule.In addition, if the cracking of a weld occurred despite everything, the corresponding water leakage would occur towards the outside of the mold and not towards the inside, which eliminates the risk of explosion by contacting the water and liquid metal poured into the mold.

Lorsque l'ensemble de l'entretoise est réalisé en acier inoxydable, cette entretoise n'est pas susceptible de subir une corrosion par l'air ou l'humidité atmosphérique pendant son stockage entre deux campagnes d'utilisation ou encore pendant son utilisation dans le moule.When the entire spacer is made of stainless steel, this spacer is not likely to undergo corrosion by air or atmospheric humidity during its storage between two campaigns of use or during its use in the mold.

L'entretoise arrière suivant l'invention peut donc être stockée sans précaution particulière et réutilisée sans qu'il y ait de risque de pollution ou de bouchage des circuits intérieurs ou extérieurs de refroidissement. Le refroidissement de la paroi de moulage peut donc être réalisé dans tous les cas de manière optimale et sans risque de fuite d'eau vers l'intérieur du moule.The rear spacer according to the invention can therefore be stored without special precautions and reused without there being any risk of pollution or blockage of the internal or external cooling circuits. The cooling of the molding wall can therefore be carried out in all cases optimally and without the risk of water leaking into the interior of the mold.

Comme il est visible sur la figure 2, la paroi 23 de fermeture du corps creux 20 vers l'extérieur du moule porte à sa partie inférieure un ensemble de support 40 de l'entretoise comportant un galet de roulement 41 sur la surface supérieure de l'entretoise inférieure 4, ce galet étant monté de manière télescopique sur une tige de maintien 42, par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort 43. Ce dispositif 40 permet de déplacer l'entretoise arrière 16 sur l'entretoise inférieure 4, pour le réglage en longueur du moule. La fermeture du moule est assurée par la partie antérieure de la paroi d'extrémité longitudinale 22 du corps 20 de l'entretoise qui possède une légère inclinaison vers l'avant par rapport à l'entretoise inférieure.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the wall 23 for closing the hollow body 20 towards the outside of the mold carries at its lower part a support assembly 40 for the spacer comprising a rolling roller 41 on the upper surface of the 'lower spacer 4, this roller being mounted telescopically on a retaining rod 42, by means of a spring 43. This device 40 makes it possible to move the rear spacer 16 on the lower spacer 4, for adjustment in length of the mold. The closing of the mold is ensured by the front part of the longitudinal end wall 22 of the body 20 of the spacer which has a slight inclination towards the front relative to the lower spacer.

La paroi de fermeture longitudinale supérieure 21 comporte une série de canaux longitudinaux de petites dimensions 45 visibles sur la figure 2A permettant d'évacuer l'air restant dans le moule en fin de coulée, lors du remplissage de la partie supérieure du moule et du canal ascendant 15.The upper longitudinal closure wall 21 comprises a series of longitudinal channels of small dimensions 45 visible in FIG. 2A making it possible to evacuate the air remaining in the mold at the end of casting, during filling of the upper part of the mold and of the channel ascending 15.

Les canaux peuvent avoir une profondeur plus importante dans leur partie arrière que dans leur partie avant dirigée vers l'intérieur du moule. On évite ainsi le bouchage des canaux dans leur partie arrière et on favorise l'évacuation de l'air tout en évitant le passage de l'acier par la partie avant à faible profondeur des canaux.The channels may have a greater depth in their rear part than in their front part directed towards the inside of the mold. This prevents clogging of the channels in their rear part and promotes the evacuation of air while avoiding the passage of steel through the front part at shallow depth of the channels.

Les canaux peuvent être de longueur réduite et situés uniquement dans la partie antérieure de l'entretoise ; la partie arrière de l'entretoise peut alors comporter une ouverture d'échappement de l'air de grande largeur dans laquelle débouchent les canaux. Cette ouverture d'échappement peut présenter une profondeur croissante vers l'arrière de l'entretoise, les canaux communiquant avec la partie avant de l'ouverture d'échappement ayant une profondeur suffisamment faible pour éviter le passage de l'acier.The channels can be of reduced length and located only in the front part of the spacer; the rear part of the spacer can then have a large air exhaust opening into which the channels open. This exhaust opening may have an increasing depth towards the rear of the spacer, the channels communicating with the front part of the exhaust opening having a depth that is sufficiently shallow to prevent the passage of steel.

Sur les figures 4, 4A et 4B, on voit une variante de réalisation de la partie supérieure de l'entretoise, les éléments correspondants sur la figure 2 d'une part et sur les figures 4, 4A et 4B d'autre part portant les mêmes repères.In FIGS. 4, 4A and 4B, an alternative embodiment of the upper part of the spacer is seen, the corresponding elements in FIG. 2 on the one hand and in FIGS. 4, 4A and 4B on the other hand carrying the same benchmarks.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la paroi de fermeture longitudinale supérieure 21 de l'entretoise présente dans sa partie antérieure une cavité 51 comportant des parties en dépouille 51', dans laquelle est logé un treillis en fils métallique 46 de forme adaptée.In this embodiment, the upper longitudinal closure wall 21 of the spacer has in its front part a cavity 51 comprising undercut parts 51 ', in which is housed a wire mesh 46 of suitable shape.

Comme il est visible sur la figure 4B, le treillis 46 ménage des canaux 47, pour le passage de l'air restant dans l'angle du moule en fin de coulée. Lorsque le métal liquide entre en contact avec le treillis 46, il se fige et le treillis devient solidaire de la brame. Le treillis est donc un élément consommable qui doit être remplacé à chaque cycle de coulée. Le treillis piégé par la brame solidifiée suit le retrait de celle-ci pendant son refroidissement, les dépouilles 51' étant prévues pour libérer l'angle supérieur de la brame lors de sa contraction.As can be seen in FIG. 4B, the lattice 46 provides channels 47 for the passage of the air remaining in the corner of the mold at the end of casting. When the liquid metal comes into contact with the lattice 46, it freezes and the lattice becomes integral with the slab. The trellis is therefore a consumable element which must be replaced at each casting cycle. The lattice trapped by the solidified slab follows the withdrawal of the latter during its cooling, the bodies 51 'being provided to release the upper angle of the slab during its contraction.

Le passage 49 de grande largeur situé à l'arrière de la cavité 51 de l'entretoise constitue un chenal permettant une bonne ventilation de la cavité interne 5 du moule. L'ensemble du treillis 46 et du chenal 49 assure donc une évacuation aisée du mélange air-gaz, si bien qu'on évite la mise en pression du mélange gazeux et les turbulences du bain d'acier liquide qui se produit dans le cas où l'évent se débouche violemment sous l'effet de la pression.The wide passage 49 located at the rear of the cavity 51 of the spacer constitutes a channel allowing good ventilation of the internal cavity 5 of the mold. The assembly of the lattice 46 and the channel 49 therefore ensures easy evacuation of the air-gas mixture, so that the pressurization of the gaseous mixture and the turbulence of the liquid steel bath which occurs in the event the vent opens violently under the effect of pressure.

Le treillis est maintenu en place par des crochets 50 fixés à l'arrière de l'entretoise et réalisés sous forme d'éléments légers qui ne gênent pas le retrait de la brame.The trellis is held in place by hooks 50 fixed to the rear of the spacer and produced in the form of light elements which do not hinder the withdrawal of the slab.

On évite, en utilisant un tel évent à treillis, des défauts de la brame tels que des fissures sur sa face arrière et des replis dus aux mouvements désordonnés de l'acier lors du rétablissement des niveaux entre la masselotte et la partie arrière de la brame.By using such a lattice vent, defects in the slab are avoided such as cracks on its rear face and folds due to the disordered movements of the steel when the levels are restored. be the flyweight and the rear part of the slab.

Enfin, les dimensions du chenal 49 sont telles que dans le cas d'une chute ou d'un oubli du treillis 46, l'acier se fige dans le chenal et ne vient pas se déposer sur la partie arrière du moule.Finally, the dimensions of the channel 49 are such that in the event of a fall or forgetfulness of the lattice 46, the steel freezes in the channel and does not come to settle on the rear part of the mold.

L'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation qui a été décrit.The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has been described.

C'est ainsi qu'on peut imaginer d'utiliser un corps creux en acier inoxydable dont la forme est un peu différente de celle qui a été décrite. De même, la forme de la chemise interne limitant le canal de refroidissement peut être différente.Thus one can imagine using a hollow stainless steel body whose shape is a little different from that which has been described. Similarly, the shape of the internal jacket limiting the cooling channel may be different.

Dans tous les cas, le canal de refroidissement 33 doit comporter des parties en retour vers l'extérieur le long des parois latérales du corps creux.In all cases, the cooling channel 33 must have parts back towards the outside along the side walls of the hollow body.

Ce corps creux peut être réalisé en un acier inoxydable ou réfractaire d'une nuance quelconque ou tout métal ou alliage non ferreux dont les propriétés sont appropriées et par un procédé différent d'un procédé de moulage, à partir du moment où ce corps creux est réalisé de manière monobloc sans soudure de jonction entre les différentes parties de sa paroi.This hollow body can be made of a stainless steel or refractory of any shade or any metal or non-ferrous alloy whose properties are appropriate and by a process different from a molding process, from the moment when this hollow body is made in a single piece without junction between the different parts of its wall.

L'invention s'applique dans tous les cas où l'on réalise la fermeture d'une face arrière d'un moule de coulée sous pression de brames par une entretoise métallique.The invention applies in all cases where a rear face of a slab pressure casting mold is closed by a metallic spacer.

Claims (14)

1. Rear cross-piece of a die casting mould (1) for metal plates of considerable thickness such an slabs which ensures the closing of the mould in the direction of the slab's width, on the opposite side to the input of molten metal into the mould, connected to a shifting device (17) in the longitudinal direction of the mould carried by a frame (3) in a manner so as to present, towards the interior of the mould cavity, a water-cooled metal mould wall (20a) characterized by the fact that it comprises:
- a single-piece stainless steel body (20) of hollow form having a U-shaped transverse section the concave part of which faces the rear and the front face (20a) of which corresponding to the base of the U constitutes the mould wall (20a) which comes into contact with the cast metal,
- an internal metal liner (30) curved in such a manner so as to present an approximately U-shaped transverse section, arranged inside the hollow body (20) over a substantial part of its length, in a manner such that a thin free space (33), the transverse section of which is U-shaped, is created between the hollow body (20) and the internal liner (30) of which, the end of the walls corresponding to the arms of the U is welded to the inside of the hollow body (20) over their entire length, in the remote regions of the mould wall (20a),
- and two devices for supplying and collecting cooling water (34, 35) respectively arranged in the longitudinal end parts of the hollow body (20), in communication with the free space (33) at its ends in a manner so as to establish circulation of cooling water in the free space (33) in contact with the internal surface of the hollow body (20).
2. Cross-piece according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the devices for supplying and collecting cooling water are constituted by two walls (34, 35) of sheet metal fixed by welding to the internal liner (30) near to its ends and on the closing walls (21, 22) of the longitudinal ends of the hollow body (20), in the remote regions of the mould wall (20a), in a mannersoas to constitute two water reservoirs connected to the water supply and collection channels and communicating with the U-shaped ends of the free space (33).
3. Cross-piece according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the hollow body (20) is constituted by one piece of moulded stainless steel.
4. Cross-piece according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the internal liner (30) is constituted by a stainless steel sheet.
5. Cross-piece according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the hollow body (20) comprises a closing wall (23) connected to its lateral walls (20b, 20c) on the opposite side to the mould wall (20a), by the intermediary of which the cross-piece (16) is connected by a linking structure (25) to its shifting device (17).
6. Cross-piece according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that it comprises a multiplicity of transverse cross-pieces (32) fixed to the closing plate (23) of the hollow body (20) and arranged inside the hollow body to ensure the holding of the internal liner (30) whilst allowing for deformations of the internal liner (30) under the effect of dilatations.
7. Cross-piece according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that it comprises a closing wall (21) of the longitidinal upper end of the hollow body (20) having on its outer surface means (45, 46, 49, 51) constituting vents for the evacuation of gas from the upper part of the mould, at the end of casting.
8. Cross-piece according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the vents are constituted by channels (45) of small dimensions joining the cavity (5) of the mould to the rear part of the cross-piece.
9. Cross-piece according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the vents are constituted by channels of small dimensions opening into the cavity (5) of the mould at one of their their ends and into a single channel opening into the rear of the cross-piece at their other ends.
10. Cross-piece according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the single channel has a depth which increases from a first end into which the channels open to a second end which opens into the rear of the cross-piece.
11. Cross-piece according to claim 7 characterized by the fact that the vents are constituted by a metal trellis (46) arranged in a cavity (51) opening into the cavity (5) of the mould and provided in the wall (21) and by a channel (49) also provided in the wall (21) joined the cavity (51) to the rear part of the cross-piece.
12. Cross-piece according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the cavity (51) contains tapered parts (51').
13. Cross-piece according to any of claims 11 and 12, characterized by the fact that the metal trellis (46) is connected to the body (20) of the cross-piece by brackets (50) made in the form of lightweight elements.
14. Cross-piece according to any of claims 11 to 13 characterized by the fact that the channel (49) has dimensions which ensure the trapping of the molten metal in its internal volume in the case where the trellis (46) does not ensure retention of the molten metal.
EP90400094A 1989-01-16 1990-01-12 Backward tie beam in a mould for die pressure casting of metallic plate products or slabs Expired - Lifetime EP0379406B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90400094T ATE87249T1 (en) 1989-01-16 1990-01-12 REAR CROSSBAR OF A MOLD FOR DIE CASTING METALLIC PLATE PRODUCTS OR SLABS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8900456 1989-01-16
FR8900456A FR2642683B1 (en) 1989-01-16 1989-01-16 REAR SPACER OF A PRESSURE CAST MOLD OF FLAT METAL PRODUCTS SUCH AS SLABS

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EP0379406A1 EP0379406A1 (en) 1990-07-25
EP0379406B1 true EP0379406B1 (en) 1993-03-24

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EP (1) EP0379406B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04504534A (en)
KR (1) KR910700112A (en)
AT (1) ATE87249T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4940990A (en)
DE (1) DE69001137T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2642683B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1990007999A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2642681B1 (en) * 1989-01-16 1991-05-17 Creusot Loire LOWER STRUCTURE OF A PRESSURE CASTING MOLD OF FLAT PRODUCTS SUCH AS SLABS AND METHOD OF ASSEMBLING AND DISASSEMBLING THE LOWER SPACER OF THIS MOLD
FR2686036A1 (en) * 1992-01-10 1993-07-16 Creusot Loire Rear spacer of a mould for diecasting flat metallic products
US6257605B1 (en) 1997-06-30 2001-07-10 Ina Walzlager Schaeffler Ohg Suspension strut bearing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3604497A (en) * 1966-02-16 1971-09-14 Edmund Q Sylvester Mold apparatus for casting molten metal
NL134929C (en) * 1966-04-13 1900-01-01
US3434528A (en) * 1966-06-06 1969-03-25 United Eng Foundry Co Mold structure leveling device
US3590904A (en) * 1967-03-29 1971-07-06 Amsted Ind Inc Method and appratus for cooling graphite molds
JPS61182865A (en) * 1985-02-08 1986-08-15 Hitachi Ltd Cooling water circulating joint for metallic mold
JPS62173063A (en) * 1986-01-27 1987-07-29 Toyota Motor Corp Die cooling method for molding by die casting or the like
GB8604386D0 (en) * 1986-02-21 1986-03-26 Cosworth Res & Dev Ltd Casting
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vpl.12, no.10 (M-658)(2857), 13 janvier 1988; *

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WO1990007999A1 (en) 1990-07-26
AU4940990A (en) 1990-08-13
JPH04504534A (en) 1992-08-13
FR2642683A1 (en) 1990-08-10
FR2642683B1 (en) 1991-05-17
DE69001137D1 (en) 1993-04-29
DE69001137T2 (en) 1993-07-15
ATE87249T1 (en) 1993-04-15
US5143144A (en) 1992-09-01
KR910700112A (en) 1991-03-13
EP0379406A1 (en) 1990-07-25

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