EP0377435A1 - Process and apparatus for the erosion-corrosion protection of steam ducts from the high pressure stage of a turbine - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the erosion-corrosion protection of steam ducts from the high pressure stage of a turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0377435A1
EP0377435A1 EP90100020A EP90100020A EP0377435A1 EP 0377435 A1 EP0377435 A1 EP 0377435A1 EP 90100020 A EP90100020 A EP 90100020A EP 90100020 A EP90100020 A EP 90100020A EP 0377435 A1 EP0377435 A1 EP 0377435A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
separators
pressure stage
heaters
centrifugation
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Granted
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EP90100020A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0377435B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Marjollet
Boris Perras
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Stein Industrie SA
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Stein Industrie SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • F01K21/06—Treating live steam, other than thermodynamically, e.g. for fighting deposits in engine
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
    • E05B17/04—Devices for coupling the turning cylinder of a single or a double cylinder lock with the bolt operating member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F01K7/223—Inter-stage moisture separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/32—Steam-separating arrangements using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of protection against erosion-corrogion of steam transport conduits of the high pressure stage of a saturated steam turbine of power plant and / or steam, a part to bodies of its low pressure stage, on the other hand to heaters of the heat exchange installation of the power and / or steam production plant, in which the major part is separated by centrifugation of the water contained in the rackings and the humid steam outlets of the high pressure stage, a first fraction of the steam thus partially dried is subjected to superheating and / or final drying, then introduced into the bodies from the low-pressure stage of the turbine, and an additional fraction of the partially dried steam is transmitted to the heaters. It further extends to a device for implementing this method.
  • a protection device of this kind is shown schematically in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing.
  • the high pressure body 1 of the steam expansion turbine is placed on the same shaft 1A as its low pressure bodies 34, 36, 38.
  • the high pressure body comprises two series of wet steam outlet 2, 4 d on the one hand, 3, 5 on the other hand, intended to join the bodies at low pressure by the main pipes 20 on the one hand, 21 on the other hand.
  • withdrawals 6 on the one hand, 7 on the other hand are intended to supply heaters 22A and 23A respectively of the heat exchange installation of the power station, ensuring for example the heating of feed water. of the power and / or steam production plant.
  • On the withdrawal conduits are arranged respectively high speed centrifugal separators 8, 10, 12 on the one hand, 9, 11, 13 on the other hand.
  • the conduits 18 and 19 bring the steam to the heaters 22A and 23A already mentioned.
  • the main lines 20 and 21 supply the three low pressure bodies of the turbine. They are subdivided into conduits 22, 24, 26 on the one hand, 23, 25, 27 on the other hand, on which are disposed on the separator-superheaters 28, 30, 32 on the one hand, 29, 31, 33 on the other hand.
  • the different flows of superheated and / or dried steam then open into the low pressure bodies 34, 36, 38.
  • This device makes it possible to largely avoid erosion-corrosion of the supply pipes for the expansion bodies under low pressure and of the heaters, but requires the installation on each steam pipe of a high speed separator. The equipment required is therefore quite complex and expensive.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for protection against erosion-corrosion of the withdrawal and steam outlet conduits from the high pressure stage of the turbine and of the conduits for connection with the bodies of the low-pressure stage and with the heaters of the plant's heat exchange installation, which requires only simpler and less costly equipment, while ensuring as efficient drying of the steam drawn from the high pressure stage.
  • the method of the invention is characterized in that the first fraction and the additional fraction of the steam are subjected jointly to drying by centrifugation, and that the complementary fraction resulting from the joint drying is subjected to a final drying by centrifugation.
  • the additional fraction of steam intended to be sent to the heaters is taken from the wet steam outlets for drawing off the separators by centrifugation treating all the wet steam coming from the high pressure stage of the turbine, and this additional fraction is subjected to final drying by centrifugation after its removal.
  • this same additional fraction of steam is taken from the withdrawing steam outlets of the separators by centrifugation treating all of the wet steam from the high pressure stage of the turbine, this fraction of additional steam being dried by centrifugation before sampling.
  • the device of the invention comprising separators by centrifugation of most of the water contained in the rackings and the wet steam outlets of the high-pressure stage of the saturated steam turbine of the power and / or steam generating station, transport of a first fraction of partially dried steam in such separators by centrifugation to the low-pressure stage, superheaters and / or separators on pipes for introducing steam from these transport conduits to bodies of the low-pressure stage, and the conduits for transporting an additional fraction of the partially dried steam in the separators by centrifugation to the heaters of the heat exchange installation of the power station, is characterized in that the separators by centrifugation of the steam intended to be transmitted to the low-pressure stage are grouped into groups of at least two outlet pipes for this steam and are also alement connected to the withdrawals of steam intended to be sent to the heaters, and in that the conduits for transporting the dried steam to the heaters are connected to outputs of these separators by centrifugation.
  • the conduits for transporting the steam to the heaters are connected to the steam outlet withdrawals from the separators by centrifugation and are provided with auxiliary centrifugal separators.
  • these same transport conduits are connected to dried steam outlets of the common centrifugal separators also supplying the vapor transport conduits intended to be transmitted to the bodies of the low pressure stage of the turbine. , and do not include auxiliary centrifugal separators. The equipment required for drying the steam is thus further reduced.
  • the high-speed centrifugal separators 40 and 41 respectively receive the exhausts from the high-pressure body 1 of the turbine corresponding to the withdrawal and steam outlet conduits 2, 4 and 6 on the one hand, 3, 5 and 7 on the other hand.
  • Wet water vapor is drawn laterally on these separators and sent via conduits 6 and 7 to high speed auxiliary separators 6A and 7A to undergo drying as described in the publication "Moisture separation helps eliminate erosion-corrosion" , Nuclear Engineering International, March 1988, p 43-44, then from these via lines 18 and 19 to steam heaters 22A and 23A.
  • the dried steam in the separators 40, 41 is sent by the main pipes 20 and 21 to the superheater separators 28, 30, 32 on the one hand, 29, 31, 33 on the other hand, then to the low pressure bodies 34, 36, 38 of the turbine.
  • the wet steam Qp + Qs coming from the high-pressure stage of the turbine passes to the stage for separating water contained in a cylindrical tank with a horizontal axis 49 by the legs 50, 51 arranged on its upper generator. On the same axes as these legs, but on the lower generator of the tank, dry steam outlet legs 52, 53 are arranged.
  • a certain quantity Qs of wet vapor is taken with the separated water in the cells 40, 41 at the level of the circular lips 42, 43, of the tubes of the cells 40, 41.
  • the separated water in the cells 40, 41 flows downwards inside the casing 45 towards a discharge pipe for the purges 44 (FIG. 4).
  • a quantity Qs of wet vapor flows upwards inside this same envelope 45 around the groups of auxiliary cells of separation by centrifugation, of which only the group 46, connected to the group of main separation cells 41, is represented. .
  • the wet steam then enters this group of auxiliary cells.
  • the water separated in the cells 46 is evacuated towards the purges by the conduit 47.
  • the dried steam leaves through the pipe 48 to go to the steam heaters.
  • the vapor Qp dried in the main groups of separation cells 40, 41 is sent by the outlet legs 52, 53 to the low-pressure bodies of the expansion turbine.
  • This device is therefore even simpler since it only comprises two groups of separation cells by high speed centrifugation for all of the steam transport conduits from the high pressure stage of the turbine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

Process for the protection against erosion-corrosion of ducts for transporting steam from the high-pressure stage (1) of a bleeder-steam turbine of a power station to bodies (34, 36, 38) of its low-pressure stage on the one hand and to heaters (22A, 23A) on the other hand, in which most of the water contained in the bleeds and the wet-steam outlets is separated by centrifuging (40, 41), a first fraction of the partially dried steam is superheated and/or dried completely (28 to 33) and is then introduced into the bodies (34, 36, 38) of the low-pressure stage, and an additional fraction of partially dried steam is transferred to the heaters (22A, 23A). The two steam fractions are subjected jointly to drying by centrifuging (40, 41), and the additional fraction is subjected to final drying by centrifuging (6A, 7A). …<IMAGE>…

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de protection contre l'érosion-corrogion de conduits de transport de vapeur de l'étage à haute pression d'une turbine à vapeur saturée de centrale de production d'énergie et/ou de vapeur, d'une part à des corps de son étage à basse pression, d'autre part à des réchauffeurs de l'installation d'échange de chaleur de la centrale de production d'énergie et/ou de vapeur, dans lequel on sépare par centrifugation la majeure partie de l'eau contenue dans les soutirages et les sorties de vapeur humide de l'étage à haute presion, on soumet à une surchauffe et/ou un séchage final une première fraction de la vapeur ainsi partiellement séchée, puis l'introduit dans les corps de l'étage à basse pression de la turbine, et on transmet une fraction complémentaire de la vapeur ainsi partiellement séchée aux réchauffeurs. Elle s'étend en outre à un dispositif de mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The present invention relates to a method of protection against erosion-corrogion of steam transport conduits of the high pressure stage of a saturated steam turbine of power plant and / or steam, a part to bodies of its low pressure stage, on the other hand to heaters of the heat exchange installation of the power and / or steam production plant, in which the major part is separated by centrifugation of the water contained in the rackings and the humid steam outlets of the high pressure stage, a first fraction of the steam thus partially dried is subjected to superheating and / or final drying, then introduced into the bodies from the low-pressure stage of the turbine, and an additional fraction of the partially dried steam is transmitted to the heaters. It further extends to a device for implementing this method.

On sait que la vapeur issue des soutirages ou de la sortie sur l'étage à haute pression d'une turbine à vapeur saturée est humide (teneur en eau de 10 à 20 % environ). Du fait de sa circulation à vitesse relativement élevée dans les conduites de transport de la vapeur, soit à l'étage à basse pression de la turbine, soit aux réchauffeurs de vapeur de l'installation d'échange de chaleur de la centrale, les particules d'eau entraînées provoquent une érosion-corrosion assez rapide de ces conduites.It is known that the vapor from the withdrawals or from the outlet to the high pressure stage of a saturated steam turbine is humid (water content of 10 to 20% approximately). Due to its relatively high speed circulation in the steam transport pipes, either at the low pressure stage of the turbine, or at the steam heaters of the heat exchange installation of the power plant, the particles entrained water causes fairly rapid erosion-corrosion of these pipes.

On a déjà proposé de réduire la teneur en eau de cette vapeur à une valeur suffisamment faible pour qu'elle ne produise plus d'érosion-corrosion importante des conduites de transport. On peut utiliser à cet effet des séparateurs par centrifugation à grande vitesse à éléments tubulaires coaxiaux, fournissant en aval un courant axial de vapeur appauvrie en eau et un courant périphérique d'eau ou de vapeur très enrichie en eau, du genre décrit notamment dans les documents EP-A-0002235, EP-A-0005493 et FR-A-2550741, aux noms de la demanderesse et d'Electricité de France.It has already been proposed to reduce the water content of this vapor to a value low enough that it no longer produces significant erosion-corrosion of the transport pipes. Separators can be used for this purpose by high-speed centrifugation with coaxial tubular elements, providing downstream an axial stream of water-depleted vapor and a peripheral stream of water or steam very enriched in water, of the type described in particular in documents EP-A-0002235, EP-A-0005493 and FR-A-2550741, in the names of the plaintiff and Electricité de France.

On peut réduire ainsi l'humidité de la vapeur admise dans les tuyauteries en aval à moins de 1 %. En aval du corps de l'étage à basse pression, on assure une surchauffe et/ou un séchage plus poussé de la vapeur à l'entrée de l'étage à basse pression de la turbine à vapeur à l'aide de surchauffeurs comprenant des échangeurs tubulaires à faisceaux de tubes parcourus par de la vapeur d'eau plus chaude sous pression plus élevée et/ou des séparateurs comprenant des paquets de tôles ondulées parallèles, les séparateurs-surchauffeurs notamment pouvant être verticaux, du genre décrit dans le document au nom de la demanderesse EP-A-0010261, ou horizontaux, du genre décrit dans le document EP-A-0005225.It is thus possible to reduce the humidity of the vapor admitted into the downstream piping to less than 1%. Downstream of the body of the low-pressure stage, overheating and / or further drying of the steam is ensured at the inlet of the low-pressure stage of the steam turbine using superheaters comprising tubular exchangers with bundles of tubes traversed by hot water vapor under higher pressure and / or separators comprising bundles of parallel corrugated sheets, the separator-superheaters in particular being able to be vertical, of the kind described in the document in the name of the applicant EP-A-0010261, or horizontal, of the kind described in the document EP-A-0005225.

Un dispositif de protection de ce genre est représenté schémati­quement dans la figure 1 du dessin annexé.A protection device of this kind is shown schematically in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing.

Le corps à haute pression 1 de la turbine de détente de vapeur est disposé sur le même arbre 1A que ses corps à basse pression 34, 36, 38. Le corps à haute pression comporte deux séries de sortie de vapeur humide 2, 4 d'une part, 3, 5 d'autre part, destinés à rejoindre les corps à basse pression par les conduites principales 20 d'une part, 21 d'autre part. Par ailleurs des soutirages 6 d'une part, 7 d'autre part, sont destinés à alimenter des réchauffeurs 22A et 23A respectivement de l'installation d'échange de chaleur de la centrale, assurant par exemple le réchauffage d'eau d'alimenta­tion de la centrale de production d'énergie et/ou de vapeur. Sur les conduits de soutirage sont disposés respectivement des séparateurs centrifuges à grande vitesse 8, 10, 12 d'une part, 9, 11, 13 d'autre part.The high pressure body 1 of the steam expansion turbine is placed on the same shaft 1A as its low pressure bodies 34, 36, 38. The high pressure body comprises two series of wet steam outlet 2, 4 d on the one hand, 3, 5 on the other hand, intended to join the bodies at low pressure by the main pipes 20 on the one hand, 21 on the other hand. Furthermore, withdrawals 6 on the one hand, 7 on the other hand, are intended to supply heaters 22A and 23A respectively of the heat exchange installation of the power station, ensuring for example the heating of feed water. of the power and / or steam production plant. On the withdrawal conduits are arranged respectively high speed centrifugal separators 8, 10, 12 on the one hand, 9, 11, 13 on the other hand.

En aval des séparateurs centrifuges à grande vitesse, les conduits 14 et 16 d'une part, 15 et 17 d'autre part, débouchent dans les conduites principales d'alimentation de l'étage à basse pression 20 et 21. Les conduits 18 et 19 amènent la vapeur aux réchauffeurs 22A et 23A déjà mentionnés.Downstream of the high speed centrifugal separators, the conduits 14 and 16 on the one hand, 15 and 17 on the other hand, open into the main supply conduits of the low pressure stage 20 and 21. The conduits 18 and 19 bring the steam to the heaters 22A and 23A already mentioned.

Les conduites principales 20 et 21 alimentent les trois corps à basse pression de la turbine. Elles se subdivisent en conduits 22, 24, 26 d'une part, 23, 25, 27 d'autre part, sur lesquels sont disposés des séparateurs-surchauffeurs 28, 30, 32 d'une part, 29, 31, 33 d'autre part. Les différents flux de vapeur surchauffée et/ou séchée débouchent alors dans les corps à basse pression 34, 36, 38.The main lines 20 and 21 supply the three low pressure bodies of the turbine. They are subdivided into conduits 22, 24, 26 on the one hand, 23, 25, 27 on the other hand, on which are disposed on the separator-superheaters 28, 30, 32 on the one hand, 29, 31, 33 on the other hand. The different flows of superheated and / or dried steam then open into the low pressure bodies 34, 36, 38.

Ce dispositif permet d'éviter dans une large mesure l'érosion-cor­rosion des conduits d'alimentation des corps de détente sous basse pression et des réchauffeurs, mais nécessite l'installation sur chaque conduit de vapeur d'un séparateur à grande vitesse. L'appareil­lage nécessaire est donc assez complexe et coûteux.This device makes it possible to largely avoid erosion-corrosion of the supply pipes for the expansion bodies under low pressure and of the heaters, but requires the installation on each steam pipe of a high speed separator. The equipment required is therefore quite complex and expensive.

L'invention a pour but de procurer un procédé et un dispositif de protection contre l'érosion-corrosion des conduits de soutirage et de sortie de vapeur issue de l'étage à haute pression de la turbine et des conduits de liaison avec les corps de l'étage à basse pression et avec les réchauffeurs de l'installation d'échange de chaleur de la centrale, qui ne nécessite qu'un appareillage plus simple et moins coûteux, tout en assurant un séchage aussi efficace de la vapeur soutirée de l'étage à haute pression.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for protection against erosion-corrosion of the withdrawal and steam outlet conduits from the high pressure stage of the turbine and of the conduits for connection with the bodies of the low-pressure stage and with the heaters of the plant's heat exchange installation, which requires only simpler and less costly equipment, while ensuring as efficient drying of the steam drawn from the high pressure stage.

Le procédé de l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'on soumet en commun au séchage par centrifugation la première fraction et la fraction complémentaire de la vapeur, et en ce que l'on soumet la fraction complémentaire issue du séchage en commun à un séchage final par centrifugation.The method of the invention is characterized in that the first fraction and the additional fraction of the steam are subjected jointly to drying by centrifugation, and that the complementary fraction resulting from the joint drying is subjected to a final drying by centrifugation.

Selon une première variante, on prélève la fraction complé­mentaire de vapeur destinée à être envoyée aux réchauffeurs sur les sorties de vapeur humide de soutirage des séparateurs par centrifu­gation traitant l'ensemble de la vapeur humide issue de l'étage à haute pression de la turbine, et on soumet cette fraction complémen­taire à un séchage final par centrifugation après son prélèvement. Selon une autre variante, plus avantageuse, on prélève cette même fraction complémentaire de vapeur sur les sorties de vapeur de soutirage des séparateurs par centrifugation traitant l'ensemble de la vapeur humide issue de l'étage à haute pression de la turbine, cette fraction de vapeur complémentaire étant séchée par centrifugation avant son prélèvement.According to a first variant, the additional fraction of steam intended to be sent to the heaters is taken from the wet steam outlets for drawing off the separators by centrifugation treating all the wet steam coming from the high pressure stage of the turbine, and this additional fraction is subjected to final drying by centrifugation after its removal. According to another, more advantageous variant, this same additional fraction of steam is taken from the withdrawing steam outlets of the separators by centrifugation treating all of the wet steam from the high pressure stage of the turbine, this fraction of additional steam being dried by centrifugation before sampling.

Le dispositif de l'invention, comprenant des séparateurs par centrifugation de la majeure partie de l'eau contenue dans les soutirages et les sorties de vapeur humide de l'étage à haute pression de la turbine à vapeur saturée de la centrale de production d'énergie et/ou de vapeur, des conduits de transport d'une première fraction de la vapeur partiellement séchée dans de tels séparateurs par centrifugation vers l'étage à basse pression, des surchauffeurs et/ou séparateurs sur des tuyauteries d'introduction de la vapeur issue de ces conduits de transport à des corps de l'étage à basse pression, et des conduits de transport d'une fraction complémentaire de la vapeur partiellement séchée dans les séparateurs par centrifuga­tion aux réchauffeurs de l'installation d'échange de chaleur de la centrale, est caractérisé en ce que les séparateurs par centrifuga­tion de la vapeur destinée à être transmise à l'étage à basse pression sont regroupés sur des groupes d'au moins deux conduits de sortie de cette vapeur et sont également reliés aux soutirages de la vapeur destinée à être envoyée aux réchauffeurs, et en ce que les conduits de transport de la vapeur séchée aux réchauffeurs sont reliés à des sorties de ces séparateurs par centrifugation.The device of the invention, comprising separators by centrifugation of most of the water contained in the rackings and the wet steam outlets of the high-pressure stage of the saturated steam turbine of the power and / or steam generating station, transport of a first fraction of partially dried steam in such separators by centrifugation to the low-pressure stage, superheaters and / or separators on pipes for introducing steam from these transport conduits to bodies of the low-pressure stage, and the conduits for transporting an additional fraction of the partially dried steam in the separators by centrifugation to the heaters of the heat exchange installation of the power station, is characterized in that the separators by centrifugation of the steam intended to be transmitted to the low-pressure stage are grouped into groups of at least two outlet pipes for this steam and are also alement connected to the withdrawals of steam intended to be sent to the heaters, and in that the conduits for transporting the dried steam to the heaters are connected to outputs of these separators by centrifugation.

Selon une première variante, les conduits de transport le vapeur aux réchauffeurs sont reliés aux sorties de vapeur de soutirage des séparateurs par centrifugation et sont munis de séparateurs par centrifugation auxiliaires.According to a first variant, the conduits for transporting the steam to the heaters are connected to the steam outlet withdrawals from the separators by centrifugation and are provided with auxiliary centrifugal separators.

Selon la seconde variante, préférée, ces mêmes conduits de transport sont reliés à des sorties de vapeur séchée des sépara­teurs par centrifugation communs alimentant aussi les conduits de transport de la vapeur destinée à être transmise aux corps de l'étage à basse pression de la turbine, et ne comportent pas de séparateurs par centrifugation auxiliaires. L'appareillage nécessaire au séchage de la vapeur est ainsi encore réduit.According to the second, preferred variant, these same transport conduits are connected to dried steam outlets of the common centrifugal separators also supplying the vapor transport conduits intended to be transmitted to the bodies of the low pressure stage of the turbine. , and do not include auxiliary centrifugal separators. The equipment required for drying the steam is thus further reduced.

Il est décrit ci-après, à titre d'exemples et en référence aux figures 2 à 5 du dessin annexé, des dispositifs selon les deux variantes ci-dessus de l'invention.

  • La figure 2 représente une dispositif selon la première variante, comportant des séparateurs par centrifugation auxiliaires sur les conduits d'alimentation de réchauffeurs de vapeur.
  • La figure 3 représente plus en détail en coupe verticale les séparateurs par centrifugation du dispositif de la figure 5 avec leurs liaisons.
  • La figure 4 représente une coupe par un plan perpendiculaire à celui de la figure 3, selon l'axe IV-IV de cette dernière.
  • La figure 5 représente un dispositif selon la variante préférée, où les conduits d'alimentation des réchauffeurs reçoivent de la vapeur déjà séchée dans les séparateurs à grande vitesse principaux, disposés sur les conduits d'alimentation des corps à basse pression de la turbine.
It is described below, by way of examples and with reference to Figures 2 to 5 of the accompanying drawing, devices according to the two above variants of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 represents a device according to the first variant, comprising separators by auxiliary centrifugation on the supply ducts of steam heaters.
  • Figure 3 shows in more detail in vertical section the centrifugal separators of the device of Figure 5 with their connections.
  • Figure 4 shows a section through a plane perpendicular to that of Figure 3, along the axis IV-IV thereof.
  • FIG. 5 represents a device according to the preferred variant, where the feed pipes of the heaters receive already dried steam in the main high speed separators, arranged on the feed pipes of the low pressure bodies of the turbine.

Dans la figure 2, les séparateurs centrifuges à grande vitesse 40 et 41 reçoivent respectivement les échappements du corps à haute pression 1 de la turbine correspondant aux conduits de soutirage et de sortie de la vapeur 2, 4 et 6 d'une part, 3, 5 et 7 d'autre part. De la vapeur d'eau humide est soutirée latéralement sur ces séparateurs et envoyée par les conduits 6 et 7 à des séparateurs à grande vitesse auxiliaires 6A et 7A pour y subir un séchage comme décrit dans la publication "Moisture separation helps eliminate erosion-corrosion", Nuclear Engineering International, mars 1988, p 43-44, puis de ceux-ci par les conduits 18 et 19 aux réchauffeurs de vapeur 22A et 23A.In FIG. 2, the high-speed centrifugal separators 40 and 41 respectively receive the exhausts from the high-pressure body 1 of the turbine corresponding to the withdrawal and steam outlet conduits 2, 4 and 6 on the one hand, 3, 5 and 7 on the other hand. Wet water vapor is drawn laterally on these separators and sent via conduits 6 and 7 to high speed auxiliary separators 6A and 7A to undergo drying as described in the publication "Moisture separation helps eliminate erosion-corrosion" , Nuclear Engineering International, March 1988, p 43-44, then from these via lines 18 and 19 to steam heaters 22A and 23A.

Comme dans le dispositif représenté en figure 1, la vapeur séchée dans les séparateurs 40, 41 est envoyée par les conduites principales 20 et 21 aux séparateurs surchauffeurs 28, 30, 32 d'une part, 29, 31, 33 d'autre part, puis aux corps à basse pression 34, 36, 38 de la turbine.As in the device represented in FIG. 1, the dried steam in the separators 40, 41 is sent by the main pipes 20 and 21 to the superheater separators 28, 30, 32 on the one hand, 29, 31, 33 on the other hand, then to the low pressure bodies 34, 36, 38 of the turbine.

Dans les figures 3 et 4, la vapeur humide Qp + Qs provenant de l'étage à haute pression de la turbine passe à l'étage de sépara­tion d'eau contenu dans un réservoir cylindrique d'axe horizontal 49 par les piètements 50, 51 disposés sur sa génératrice supérieure. Sur les mêmes axes que ces piètements, mais sur la génératrice inférieure du réservoir, sont disposés des piètements de sortie de vapeur sèche 52, 53.In FIGS. 3 and 4, the wet steam Qp + Qs coming from the high-pressure stage of the turbine passes to the stage for separating water contained in a cylindrical tank with a horizontal axis 49 by the legs 50, 51 arranged on its upper generator. On the same axes as these legs, but on the lower generator of the tank, dry steam outlet legs 52, 53 are arranged.

Sur les axes communs de piètements 50, 52 d'une part, 51, 53 d'autre part, sont disposés dans le réservoir deux groupes 40, 41 de cellules cylindriques de séparation par centrifugation qui traitent le débit des deux circuits de vapeur à sécher.On the common axes of legs 50, 52 on the one hand, 51, 53 on the other hand, are arranged in the tank two groups 40, 41 of cylindrical cells for separation by centrifugation which process the flow of the two steam circuits to be dried.

Par assurer un bon fonctionnement de ces cellules, une certaine quantité Qs de vapeur humide est prélevée avec l'eau séparée dans les cellules 40, 41 au niveau des lèvres circulaires 42, 43, des tubes des cellules 40, 41. L'eau séparée dans les cellules 40, 41 s'écoule vers le bas à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 45 vers une tubulure d'évacuation des purges 44 (figure 4). Une quantité Qs de vapeur humide s'écoule vers le haut à l'intérieur de cette même enveloppe 45 autour des groupes de cellules auxiliaires de séparation par centrifugation, dont seul le groupe 46, relié au groupe de cellules de séparation principales 41, est représenté. La vapeur humide pénètre ensuite dans ce groupe de cellules auxiliaires. L'eau séparée dans les cellules 46 est évacuée vers les purges par le conduit 47. La vapeur séchée sort par la tubulure 48 pour aller aux réchauffeurs de vapeur.To ensure proper functioning of these cells, a certain quantity Qs of wet vapor is taken with the separated water in the cells 40, 41 at the level of the circular lips 42, 43, of the tubes of the cells 40, 41. The separated water in the cells 40, 41 flows downwards inside the casing 45 towards a discharge pipe for the purges 44 (FIG. 4). A quantity Qs of wet vapor flows upwards inside this same envelope 45 around the groups of auxiliary cells of separation by centrifugation, of which only the group 46, connected to the group of main separation cells 41, is represented. . The wet steam then enters this group of auxiliary cells. The water separated in the cells 46 is evacuated towards the purges by the conduit 47. The dried steam leaves through the pipe 48 to go to the steam heaters.

La vapeur Qp séchée dans les groupes principaux de cellules de séparation 40, 41 est envoyée par les piètements de sortie 52, 53 vers les corps à basse pression de la turbine de détente.The vapor Qp dried in the main groups of separation cells 40, 41 is sent by the outlet legs 52, 53 to the low-pressure bodies of the expansion turbine.

Le dispositif représenté en figure 5 est en grande partie similaire à celui de la figure 2, et les éléments communs ne seront pas décrits à nouveau. Mais la vapeur de soutirage alimentant les réchauffeurs de vapeur 22A et 23A par l'intermédiaire des circuits 6 et 7 de vapeur est séchée à l'intérieur des séparateurs 40 et 41 identiques à ceux décrits précédemment et sur les figures 3 et 4, et non dans des séparateurs auxiliaires.The device shown in Figure 5 is largely similar to that of Figure 2, and the common elements will not be described again. But the withdrawal steam supplying the steam heaters 22A and 23A via the steam circuits 6 and 7 is dried inside the separators 40 and 41 identical to those described above and in FIGS. 3 and 4, and not in auxiliary separators.

Ce dispositif est donc encore plus simple puisqu'il ne comporte que deux groupes de cellules de séparation par centrifugation à grande vitesse pour l'ensemble des conduits de transport de vapeur issue de l'étage à haute pression de la turbine.This device is therefore even simpler since it only comprises two groups of separation cells by high speed centrifugation for all of the steam transport conduits from the high pressure stage of the turbine.

Claims (6)

1/ Procédé de protection contre l'érosion-corrosion de conduits de transport de vapeur de l'étage à haute pression (1) d'une turbine à vapeur saturée de centrale de production d'énergie et/ou de vapeur, d'une part à des corps (34, 36, 38) de son étage à basse pression, d'autre part à des réchauffeurs (22A, 23A) de l'installation d'échange de chaleur de la centrale de production d'énergie et/ou de vapeur, dans lequel on sépare par centrifugation (40, 41) la majeure partie de l'eau contenue dans les soutirages et les sorties de vapeur humide de l'étage à haute pression, on soumet à une surchauffe et/ou un séchage final (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33) une première fraction de la vapeur ainsi partiellement séchée, puis l'introduit dans les corps (34, 36, 38) de l'étage à basse pression de la turbine, et on transmet une fraction complémentaire de la vapeur ainsi partiel­lement séchée aux réchauffeurs (22A, 23A),
caractérisé en ce que l'on soumet en commun au séchage par centrifu­gation (40, 41, figure 2) la première fraction et la fraction complémen­taire de la vapeur, et en ce que l'on soumet la fraction complémentaire issue du séchage en commun à un séchage final par centrifugation (6A, 7A).1 / Method for protecting against erosion-corrosion of steam transport conduits of the high pressure stage (1) of a saturated steam turbine of power and / or steam production plant, of a part to bodies (34, 36, 38) of its low pressure stage, on the other hand to heaters (22A, 23A) of the heat exchange installation of the power plant and / or steam, in which most of the water contained in the rackings and the steam exits from the high pressure stage are separated by centrifugation (40, 41), is subjected to overheating and / or final drying (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33) a first fraction of the steam thus partially dried, then introduces it into the bodies (34, 36, 38) of the low pressure stage of the turbine, and we transmits an additional fraction of the partially dried steam to the heaters (22A, 23A),
characterized in that the first fraction and the additional fraction of the steam are subjected in common to drying by centrifugation (40, 41, FIG. 2) and that the additional fraction resulting from the common drying is subjected to final drying by centrifugation (6A, 7A). 2/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on prélève la fraction complémentaire de vapeur destinée à être envoyée aux réchauffeurs sur les sorties de vapeur de soutirage des séparateurs par centrifugation (40, 41) traitant l'ensemble de la vapeur humide issue de l'étage à haute pression de la turbine, et en ce que l'on soumet cette fraction complémentaire à un séchage final par centrifu­gation (6A, 7A) après son prélèvement.2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that one takes the additional fraction of steam intended to be sent to the heaters on the steam outlet withdrawals from the separators by centrifugation (40, 41) treating all of the steam wet from the high pressure stage of the turbine, and in that this additional fraction is subjected to a final drying by centrifugation (6A, 7A) after its removal. 3/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on prélève la fraction complémentaire de vapeur destinée à être envoyée aux réchauffeurs sur les sorties de vapeur humide de soutirage des séparateurs par centrifugation traitant l'ensemble de la vapeur issue de l'étage à haute pression de la turbine, et en ce que l'on effectue le séchage final avant son prélèvement.3 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that one takes the additional fraction of steam intended to be sent to the heaters on the humid steam outlets drawing off the separators by centrifugation treating all of the steam from the high pressure stage of the turbine, and in that the final drying is carried out before its removal. 4/ Dispositif de protection contre l'érosion-corrosion de conduits de transport de vapeur de l'étage à haute pression (1) d'une turbine à vapeur de centrale de production d'énergie et/ou de vapeur, d'une part à des corps (34, 36, 38) de son étage à basse pression, d'autre part à des réchauffeurs (22A, 23A) de l'installation d'échange de chaleur de la centrale de production d'énergie et/ou de vapeur, comprenant des séparateurs par centrifugation de la majeure partie de l'eau contenue dans les soutirages et les sorties de vapeur humide de l'étage à haute pression, des conduits de transport de la vapeur partiellement séchée dans de tels séparateurs par centrifu­gation aux réchauffeurs, des conduites communes de transport de la vapeur séchée dans de tels séparateurs vers l'étage à basse pression de la turbine, et des surchauffeurs et/ou séparateurs sur des tuyauteries d'introduction de la vapeur issue des conduites communes à des corps de l'étage à basse pression,
caractérisé en ce que les séparateurs par centrifugation de la vapeur destinée à être transmise à l'étage à basse pression sont regroupés (40, 41) sur des groupes (2, 3 ; 4, 5) d'au moins deux conduits de soutirage de cette vapeur et sont également reliés aux échappements de la vapeur destinée à être envoyée aux réchauf­feurs (22A, 23A), et en ce que les conduits (6, 18 ; 7, 19) de transport de la vapeur séchée aux réchauffeurs sont reliées à des sorties de ces séparateurs par centrifugation.4 / Device for protection against erosion-corrosion of steam transport conduits of the high pressure stage (1) of a turbine steam from power and / or steam generating plant, on the one hand to bodies (34, 36, 38) of its stage at low pressure, on the other hand to heaters (22A, 23A) of l '' heat exchange installation of the power and / or steam production plant, comprising centrifugal separators for most of the water contained in the rackings and the wet steam outlets of the high stage pressure, pipes for transporting partially dried steam in such separators by centrifugation to heaters, common pipes for transporting dried steam in such separators to the low pressure stage of the turbine, and superheaters and / or separators on steam introduction pipes from pipes common to low-pressure stage bodies,
characterized in that the separators by centrifugation of the steam intended to be transmitted to the low pressure stage are grouped (40, 41) on groups (2, 3; 4, 5) of at least two withdrawal pipes of this steam and are also connected to the exhausts of the steam intended to be sent to the heaters (22A, 23A), and in that the conduits (6, 18; 7, 19) for transporting the dried steam to the heaters are connected to exits from these separators by centrifugation. 5/ Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les conduits (6, 18 ; 7, 19) de transport de vapeur aux réchauffeurs (22A, 23A) sont reliés à des sorties de vapeur humide de soutirage des séparateurs par centrifugation (40, 41) et sont munis de sépara­teurs par centrifugation auxiliaires (6A, 7A).5 / Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the conduits (6, 18; 7, 19) for transporting steam to the heaters (22A, 23A) are connected to humid steam outlets for drawing off the separators by centrifugation (40 , 41) and are provided with auxiliary centrifugal separators (6A, 7A). 6/ Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les conduits (6, 7) de transport de vapeur aux réchauffeurs (22A, 23A) sont reliés aux sorties de vapeur de soutirage séchée des séparateurs par centrifugation (40, 41) et ne comportent pas de séparateurs par centrifugation auxiliaires distincts.6 / Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the conduits (6, 7) for transporting steam to the heaters (22A, 23A) are connected to the outlets of dried withdrawal steam from the centrifugal separators (40, 41) and do not have no separate auxiliary centrifugal separators.
EP90100020A 1989-01-06 1990-01-02 Process and apparatus for the erosion-corrosion protection of steam ducts from the high pressure stage of a turbine Expired - Lifetime EP0377435B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8900110A FR2641574B1 (en) 1989-01-06 1989-01-06 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROTECTING AGAINST CORROSION OF VAPOR TRANSPORT CONDUITS FROM THE HIGH-PRESSURE STAGE OF A TURBINE
FR8900110 1989-01-06

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EP0377435A1 true EP0377435A1 (en) 1990-07-11
EP0377435B1 EP0377435B1 (en) 1994-03-16

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JP4905671B2 (en) * 2006-05-23 2012-03-28 美和ロック株式会社 Cylinder structure for lock
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FR2641574B1 (en) 1991-03-22
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RU1830106C (en) 1993-07-23
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DE69007300T2 (en) 1994-06-30
ZA9091B (en) 1990-10-31
FI900023A0 (en) 1990-01-03
DE69007300D1 (en) 1994-04-21
US5025630A (en) 1991-06-25
JP2707347B2 (en) 1998-01-28
KR0143774B1 (en) 1998-08-17
EP0377435B1 (en) 1994-03-16
FR2641574A1 (en) 1990-07-13
JPH02227504A (en) 1990-09-10
KR900011963A (en) 1990-08-02
JPH02289774A (en) 1990-11-29
FI102557B1 (en) 1998-12-31

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