EP0374650B1 - Stabilisierter Treibsatz zur Erzeugung ungiftiger Treibgase - Google Patents

Stabilisierter Treibsatz zur Erzeugung ungiftiger Treibgase Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0374650B1
EP0374650B1 EP89122756A EP89122756A EP0374650B1 EP 0374650 B1 EP0374650 B1 EP 0374650B1 EP 89122756 A EP89122756 A EP 89122756A EP 89122756 A EP89122756 A EP 89122756A EP 0374650 B1 EP0374650 B1 EP 0374650B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
talc
propellant
weight
mgo
pressurized gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89122756A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0374650A1 (de
Inventor
Richard Dr. Bender
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of EP0374650A1 publication Critical patent/EP0374650A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0374650B1 publication Critical patent/EP0374650B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B35/00—Compositions containing a metal azide

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a propellant for generating non-toxic gases, which is stabilized against the attack of atmospheric moisture and carbon dioxide as a result of the addition of certain substances.
  • propellants are preferably used in airbag generators, which must have a lifespan of 15 years.
  • Propellants for generating non-toxic propellant gases are known per se. They contain the non-explosive salts of hydrochloric acid, mainly alkali azides, as gas-supplying components, and alkali metal nitrates or perchlorates as oxidizing agents. CuO as an oxidizing agent has also been proposed. For better slag formation, fine-grained silicon dioxide and / or boron oxide or other melt-forming substances may be added to the sets (cf. DE 22 36 175-C3).
  • these azide-containing propellant mixtures have the disadvantage that they partially decompose to form free hydrochloric acid even when stored in atmospheric moisture containing carbon dioxide.
  • these sealing agents do not guarantee total moisture exclusion for an airbag generator which is manufactured using a propellant thus protected during its entire service life.
  • DE-OS 24 10 093 describes a gas-forming mixture comprising a metal azide compound, an oxidizing agent and a silicate of the formula: (Al2O3) p (M x O) q (SiO2) r .
  • sH2O contains, in which M represents lithium, sodium, potassium, strontium, magnesium or calcium, x represents 1 or 2, p and q stand for 0 or a positive number, however, p and q are not both 0, r is a positive number and s stands for zero or a positive number.
  • US Pat. No. 2,981,616 discloses an azide-based gas generator set with sodium peroxide and inter alia magnesium oxide as a catalyst in amounts of up to 3%.
  • the task was therefore to find propellants for the production of non-toxic propellant gases, which do not release hydrogen nitric acid even when moist and carbon dioxide-containing air is admitted.
  • propellants based on alkali azides and inorganic oxidizing agents have now been found, which are characterized in that they contain magnesium oxide or a mixture of magnesium oxide and talc in amounts of> 3 and ⁇ 10% by weight, based on the total amount, as stabilizers. contain.
  • the azide-containing propellants can also be stored in humid and carbon dioxide-containing air without releasing hydrochloric acid.
  • the additive according to the invention has a particularly advantageous effect on those azide-containing propellants which additionally contain melt-forming substances, such as pyrogenic silica or boron oxide, since the presence of these compounds in such propellants favor the release of hydrochloric acid.
  • Azide-containing propellants with these melt-forming additives are also stabilized according to the invention.
  • the additives according to the invention also act as pressing aids in the production of tablets from the propellants according to the invention. Such tablets show better cohesion and are therefore more mechanically stressed than tablets that do not contain the additive.
  • This improved mechanical strength is achieved in particular by adding talc with a net-like structure.
  • Talc is to be understood according to the invention as the naturally occurring mineral of the ideal formula 3 MgO ⁇ 4 SiO2 ⁇ H2O, in which parts of the magnesium oxide can be replaced by calcium oxide.
  • the calcium oxide content of the talc can be between 0 and 6% by weight, based on the talc.
  • the magnesium oxide in the talc can also be partially replaced by Al2O3 or iron oxide.
  • the proportion of these oxides in talc can be up to 4% by weight for Al2O3 and up to 2% by weight for Fe2O3.
  • the MgO content of the talcum used according to the invention is between 26 and 31.6%.
  • the talc must be asbestos-free when using the propellants according to the invention in gas generators for vehicle airbags.
  • the talc and MgO content in the propellants according to the invention is between 3 and 10% by weight, preferably between 5 and 8% by weight. In principle it is possible to use only one of the two substances to achieve the desired effect. However, a mixture of the two substances is preferably used, the weight ratio of MgO: talc preferably being between 1: 1.3 and 1:10, particularly preferably between 1: 2 and 1: 3.
  • the propellants according to the invention preferably also contain a melt-promoting substance, as described, for example, in DE 22 36 175-C3.
  • Finely dispersed silica or boron oxide is preferably used for this purpose.
  • the finely dispersed silica has a specific surface area of 100 to 500 m2 / g, preferably 200 to 400 m2 / g, and is preferably used in amounts between 16 and 20% by weight, based on the entire set.
  • the proportion of alkali azides in the claimed sentences is generally between 50 and 60% by weight, preferably between 54 and 57% by weight.
  • the preferred oxidizing agent is potassium nitrate, which can also be partially replaced by sodium nitrate.
  • other inorganic oxidizing agents can also be used in principle.
  • the talc had a share of CaO of 4.0 wt .-% and Al2O3 of 3.0 wt .-%. As a result, the MgO content was 28.0% by weight.
  • the mixture was pressed at a pressure of about 1 t / cm2 to tablets of 20 to 30 mm in diameter.
  • a pressure of about 1 t / cm2 to tablets of 20 to 30 mm in diameter.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
EP89122756A 1988-12-20 1989-12-09 Stabilisierter Treibsatz zur Erzeugung ungiftiger Treibgase Expired - Lifetime EP0374650B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3842838A DE3842838C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-12-20 1988-12-20
DE3842838 1988-12-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0374650A1 EP0374650A1 (de) 1990-06-27
EP0374650B1 true EP0374650B1 (de) 1993-03-31

Family

ID=6369605

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89122756A Expired - Lifetime EP0374650B1 (de) 1988-12-20 1989-12-09 Stabilisierter Treibsatz zur Erzeugung ungiftiger Treibgase

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4981536A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0374650B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3842838C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5015309A (en) * 1989-05-04 1991-05-14 Morton International, Inc. Gas generant compositions containing salts of 5-nitrobarbituric acid, salts of nitroorotic acid, or 5-nitrouracil
US5089069A (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-02-18 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Gas generating composition for air bags
US5178696A (en) * 1990-09-03 1993-01-12 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Gas generating composition for automobile air bag
EP0579781A4 (en) * 1991-04-11 1994-12-07 Talley Defence Systems Inc AZIDAL PROPELLER COMPOSITIONS FOR EMERGENCY DEBALLASTING OF SUBMERSIBLE VESSELS.
US5387296A (en) * 1991-08-23 1995-02-07 Morton International, Inc. Additive approach to ballistic and slag melting point control of azide-based gas generant compositions
US5143567A (en) * 1991-08-23 1992-09-01 Morton International, Inc. Additive approach to ballistic and slag melting point control of azide-based gas generant compositions
DE4218531C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1991-10-11 1993-07-15 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau, De
US5726382A (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-03-10 Atlantic Research Corporation Eutectic mixtures of ammonium nitrate and amino guanidine nitrate
DE19543796B4 (de) * 1995-11-24 2004-11-25 Temic Bayern-Chemie Airbag Gmbh Gasgenerator für ein Airbagsystem
US6071364A (en) * 1997-02-19 2000-06-06 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. Gas generating compositions containing mica
CN106631645B (zh) * 2016-09-30 2018-09-21 唐山师范学院 二氧化碳相变致裂用发热剂
CN107721784B (zh) * 2017-11-07 2020-03-31 湖北航天化学技术研究所 一种包含组合安定剂的叠氮基复合固体推进剂

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2981616A (en) * 1956-10-01 1961-04-25 North American Aviation Inc Gas generator grain
US3692687A (en) * 1971-06-04 1972-09-19 Hercules Inc Process for stabilizing hydrox compositions containing magnesium oxides
DE2236175C3 (de) * 1972-07-24 1975-07-10 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau Treibmittel zur Erzeugung ungiftiger Treibgase
US3920575A (en) * 1973-03-03 1975-11-18 Asahi Chemical Ind Gas generating composition and method of preparing compression molded articles therefrom
US3936330A (en) * 1973-08-08 1976-02-03 The Dow Chemical Company Composition and method for inflation of passive restraint systems
GB1520497A (en) * 1975-04-23 1978-08-09 Daicel Ltd Gas-generating agent for air bag
US4734141A (en) * 1987-03-27 1988-03-29 Hercules Incorporated Crash bag propellant compositions for generating high quality nitrogen gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3842838C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-01-11
EP0374650A1 (de) 1990-06-27
DE58903966D1 (de) 1993-05-06
US4981536A (en) 1991-01-01

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