EP0366750A1 - Pollution abatement facility for exhaust gases - Google Patents

Pollution abatement facility for exhaust gases

Info

Publication number
EP0366750A1
EP0366750A1 EP89905032A EP89905032A EP0366750A1 EP 0366750 A1 EP0366750 A1 EP 0366750A1 EP 89905032 A EP89905032 A EP 89905032A EP 89905032 A EP89905032 A EP 89905032A EP 0366750 A1 EP0366750 A1 EP 0366750A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
exhaust
heat exchanger
exhaust gases
soot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89905032A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ursel HÄRING
Theodor HÄRING
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0366750A1 publication Critical patent/EP0366750A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/922—Mixtures of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/925—Simultaneous elimination of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0215—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters the filtering elements having the form of disks or plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/05—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of air, e.g. by mixing exhaust with air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/14—Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/08—Granular material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/10—Fibrous material, e.g. mineral or metallic wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
    • F01N2370/22—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in non-catalytic purification apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
    • F01N2370/22—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in non-catalytic purification apparatus
    • F01N2370/30—Materials having magnetic properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
    • F01N2370/40—Activated carbon or charcoal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/10—Tubes having non-circular cross section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/14—Plurality of outlet tubes, e.g. in parallel or with different length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/16—Plurality of inlet tubes, e.g. discharging into different chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2530/00—Selection of materials for tubes, chambers or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/02—Lead
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/12—Hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/005—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for draining or otherwise eliminating condensates or moisture accumulating in the apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cleaning system for exhaust gases, in particular from internal combustion engines, with a tubular pot which can be connected to an exhaust gas line and in which separating elements with different materials for receiving pollutants to be separated are kept at a mutual distance from one another in the exhaust gas flow direction.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved cleaning system of the type specified in the introduction, which is particularly suitable for a large number of internal combustion engines and ensures the most complete possible elimination of the pollutants from the exhaust gases, in particular also soot contained in the exhaust gases.
  • the system according to the invention is characterized in that the separating elements, which preferably contain magnetic material, bauxite, a mixture of lime granulate, activated carbon and pumice stone, mineral wool, and optionally activated carbon, contain a separate exhaust gas cooler in the exhaust line. device and this a separate soot separator are connected upstream.
  • the series connection of the individual units according to the invention ensures adequate cooling in a simple and cost-effective manner and, subsequently, an extremely effective soot separation and only then a separation of the other pollutants.
  • the e.g. with a temperature of 700 to 600 ° C exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engine so that the separating elements can develop their full effectiveness and the temperature of the gas when exiting the muffler is, for example, only 30 ° C.
  • the individual components of the device, in particular the soot separator can easily be replaced independently of one another after exhaustion, which results in a cost saving.
  • the construction according to the invention is particularly suitable for trucks, in particular trucks equipped with diesel engines.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention has the features that the exhaust gas cooling device has a heat exchanger with a substantially box-shaped inlet part and an outlet part separated therefrom by a wall, the inlet part and the outlet part being connected via a plurality of parallel pipes through which the exhaust gas flows and having an in are essentially box-shaped deflecting part in connection, and all parts of the heat exchanger are cooled by the ambient air and / or a fan.
  • soot separator connected upstream of the heat exchanger has a housing through which the exhaust gases flow and with a pull-out drawer in which a perforated, preferably meandering, exhaust pipe is embedded in soot separating material, preferably basalt or rock wool, copper or aluminum wool is.
  • FIG. 1 partially in section schematically an exhaust gas purification system according to the invention
  • FIG. 2a-2c in a top view, side view and an enlarged end view schematically a heat exchanger upstream of the muffler in the exhaust gas flow direction, and FIG. 3 also schematically in section a soot separator upstream of the heat exchanger.
  • the exhaust gas cleaning system shown in FIG. 1 for the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle essentially comprises a muffler 1, an exhaust gas cooling device 2 connected upstream thereof and a soot separator 4 arranged between it and the engine 3.
  • the muffler 1 has an essentially tubular housing 5, which in the example shown has a circular cross section, but could also have an angular cross section.
  • An exhaust gas supply nozzle 6 opens into the housing 5 at one end, while an outlet 7 to the atmosphere and a condensate trap 1 'are provided at the other end.
  • a plurality of separating elements ⁇ are arranged one behind the other in the interior of the housing 5 in the exhaust gas flow direction and are held at a mutual distance by spacer rings 9.
  • These separating elements ⁇ contain pollutant-binding organic or inorganic materials, preferably magnetic material, bauxite, a mixture of lime granules, activated carbon and pumice stone, mineral wool, and optionally activated carbon, and copper or aluminum wool to the extent required or in the mixture required in each case.
  • the grain size of the activated carbon can be up to 5 mm.
  • the materials are arranged, for example, in steel mesh cages.
  • the separating elements can be made of sheet iron, aluminum and the like. exist and be lined up in the required number and arrangement.
  • the outer skin 5a of the housing 5 advantageously consists of stainless steel and the inner skin 5b of copper sheet.
  • the spacer rings 9 are suitably made of aluminum.
  • the exhaust gases can swirl in the distance spaces defined by the rings.
  • the design of the muffler according to the invention enables the greatest possible reduction of NOx, as well as of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, benzopyrene, lead and other compounds.
  • the combination of different metals for the housing wall can also lead to an electrochemical reaction.
  • the heat exchanger 2 which is shown in FIG. 2, is connected upstream of the exhaust pipe and has the effect that the hot exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engine with a temperature of, for example, 700-600 ° C. are so far are cooled so that the separating elements ⁇ of the muffler can fully develop their effect.
  • the heat exchanger 2 is mounted, for example, on the underside of the motor vehicle and cooled by the wind or by means of a fan 2 1 .
  • the exchanger has a box-shaped inlet part 10, an outlet part 12 separated from it by a wall 11 and a plurality of parallel oval tubes 13, via which the inlet part and the outlet part are connected to a likewise box-shaped deflection part 14.
  • the exhaust gases enter via a pipe socket 15 into the inlet part 10 and via a pipe socket 16 from the outlet part into the downstream exhaust pot.
  • the individual parts of the exchanger, in particular the tubes 13, are affected by the headwind and / or
  • the heat exchanger advantageously consists of galvanized sheet, copper sheet or stainless steel.
  • the soot separator 4 connected upstream of the heat exchanger 2 in the context of the invention has an essentially box-shaped housing 17 in which a drawer 16 is arranged, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the housing 17 has an inlet connector 19 for connection to the internal combustion engine and an outlet connector 20, via which it is connected to the heat exchanger 2.
  • the drawer l ⁇ which can be pulled out of the housing 17 is preferably made of basalt or rock wool, copper or aluminum wool or the like. filled and penetrated by a meandering curved exhaust pipe line 21, which is perforated and through which the exhaust gases pass into the drawer.
  • the contents of the drawer 16 are easily exchangeable.
  • the cleaning system according to the invention can be mounted entirely on the underside of the vehicle and can be used for all gasoline and diesel engines; but it can also be used for cleaning exhaust gases from domestic chimneys or chimneys and industrial plants.

Abstract

Dispositif d'épuration de gaz d'échappement, notamment pour moteurs à combustion interne, comportant un pot tubulaire (1) pouvant être raccordé à une conduite de gaz d'échappement, et dans lequel des éléments séparateurs (8) réalisés en plusieurs matériaux destinés à absorber des substances polluantes à éliminer, sont montés en série dans le sens du flux des gaz d'échappement, un dispositif de refroidissement des gaz d'échappement (2) ainsi qu'un dispositif séparateur de suie (4) étant montés en amont du pot d'échappement, dans le sens du flux des gaz d'échappement.Exhaust gas cleaning device, in particular for internal combustion engines, comprising a tubular pot (1) which can be connected to an exhaust gas pipe, and in which separating elements (8) made of several materials intended to absorb pollutants to be removed, are mounted in series in the direction of flow of the exhaust gases, an exhaust gas cooling device (2) and a soot separator device (4) being mounted upstream of the exhaust pipe, in the direction of flow of the exhaust gases.

Description

Reinigungsanlage für AbgaseExhaust gas cleaning system
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Reinigungsanlage für Abgase, insbesondere von Verbrennungsmotoren, mit einem an eine Abgasleitung anschließbaren rohrförmigen Topf, in dem in Abgasströmungsrichtung hintereinander Abscheide- elemente mit verschiedenen Materialien zur Aufnahme von abzuscheidenden Schadstoffen durch Distanzringe in gegenseitigem Abstand gehalten sind.The invention relates to a cleaning system for exhaust gases, in particular from internal combustion engines, with a tubular pot which can be connected to an exhaust gas line and in which separating elements with different materials for receiving pollutants to be separated are kept at a mutual distance from one another in the exhaust gas flow direction.
Es ist bekannt, zum Abscheiden von in den Auspuff¬ gasen von Verbrennungsmotoren enthaltenen Schadstoffen, Auspufftopfe anzuwenden, die Einlagen aus verschiedenen Materialien, z.B. aus keramikbeschichtetem Drahtgitter, enthalten (GB-PS 2,123.313), welche eine Abscheidewirkung entfalten. Ferner ist aus der DE-OS 34 07 172 eine Reinigungsanlage bekannt, bei der in einem vom Abgas durchströmten Gehäuse hintereinander abwechselnd Filter¬ elemente zur Abtrennung von Rußteilchen mit einem die Zündtemperatur des Rußes senkenden und seinen Abbrand fördernden Katalysator und Filterelemente mit einem die Verbrennung gasförmiger Schadstoffe fördernden Katalysator vorgesehen sind. Bei diesem Aufbau besteht die Gefahr, daß die Rußteilchen nicht vollständig ver¬ brannt werden und entweder ausgetragen werden oder das Gehäuse verlegen.It is known to use exhaust mufflers for separating pollutants contained in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, the inserts made of different materials, e.g. made of ceramic-coated wire mesh, included (GB-PS 2,123,313), which have a separating effect. Furthermore, a cleaning system is known from DE-OS 34 07 172, in which filter elements for separating soot particles are alternately arranged in a housing through which the exhaust gas flows, with a catalyst which lowers the ignition temperature of the soot and promotes its combustion, and with a gaseous combustion Catalyst promoting pollutants are provided. With this construction there is a risk that the soot particles will not be completely burnt and either be discharged or move the housing.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Reinigungsanlage der einleitend angegebenen Art zu schaffen, die sich insbesondere für eine Vielzahl von Verbrennungsmotoren eignet und eine möglichst voll¬ ständige Eliminierung der Schadstoffe aus den Abgasen, insbesondere auch von in den Abgasen enthaltenem Ruß, gewährleistet. Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß dem die Abscheideelemente, die vorzugsweise Magnetmaterial, Bauxit, eine Mischung aus Kalkgranulat, Aktivkohle und Bimsstein, Mineralwolle, und gegebenenfalls Aktivkohle enthalten, aufnehmenden Auspufftopf in der Abgasleitung eine gesonderte Abgaskühl- einrichtung und dieser ein gesonderter Rußabscheider vorgeschaltet sind.The invention has for its object to provide an improved cleaning system of the type specified in the introduction, which is particularly suitable for a large number of internal combustion engines and ensures the most complete possible elimination of the pollutants from the exhaust gases, in particular also soot contained in the exhaust gases. The system according to the invention is characterized in that the separating elements, which preferably contain magnetic material, bauxite, a mixture of lime granulate, activated carbon and pumice stone, mineral wool, and optionally activated carbon, contain a separate exhaust gas cooler in the exhaust line. device and this a separate soot separator are connected upstream.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Hintereinanderschaltung der einzelnen Einheiten wird auf einfache und kosten- günstige Weise eine ausreichende Kühlung sowie im Anschluß daran eine äußerst wirksame RußabScheidung und erst anschließend eine Abscheidung der übrigen Schadstoffe gewährleistet. Wie praktische Versuche gezeigt haben, erfolgt eine erhebliche Abkühlung der z.B. mit einer Temperatur von 700 bis 600° C vom Verbrennungsmotor kommenden Abgase, so daß die Abscheideelemente ihre volle Wirksamkeit entfalten können und die Temperatur des Gases beim Austritt aus dem Auspufftopf beispielsweise nur 30° C beträgt. Die einzelnen Bauteile der Einrichtung, insbesondere der Rußabscheider, können nach dem Erschöpfen unabhängig voneinander leicht ausgetauscht werden, wodurch sich eine Kostenersparnis ergibt. Die erfindungs¬ gemäße Konstruktion eignet sich speziell für Lastkraft¬ wagen, insbesondere mit Dieselmotoren ausgestattete Lastkraftwagen.The series connection of the individual units according to the invention ensures adequate cooling in a simple and cost-effective manner and, subsequently, an extremely effective soot separation and only then a separation of the other pollutants. As practical tests have shown, the e.g. with a temperature of 700 to 600 ° C exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engine, so that the separating elements can develop their full effectiveness and the temperature of the gas when exiting the muffler is, for example, only 30 ° C. The individual components of the device, in particular the soot separator, can easily be replaced independently of one another after exhaustion, which results in a cost saving. The construction according to the invention is particularly suitable for trucks, in particular trucks equipped with diesel engines.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung hat die Merkmale, daß die Abgaskühleinrichtung einen Wärmeaustauscher mit einem im wesentlichen kastenförmigen Einlaßteil und einen von diesem durch eine Wand getrennten Auslaßteil aufweist, wobei der Einlaßteil und der Auslaß- teil über mehrere parallele, vom Abgas durchströmte Rohre mit einem im wesentlichen kastenförmigen Umlenkteil in Verbindung stehen, und wobei alle Teile des Wärmeaus¬ tauschers durch die Umgebungsluft und/oder einen Ventila- tor gekühlt werden.A preferred embodiment of the invention has the features that the exhaust gas cooling device has a heat exchanger with a substantially box-shaped inlet part and an outlet part separated therefrom by a wall, the inlet part and the outlet part being connected via a plurality of parallel pipes through which the exhaust gas flows and having an in are essentially box-shaped deflecting part in connection, and all parts of the heat exchanger are cooled by the ambient air and / or a fan.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß der dem Wärmeaustauscher vorgeschaltete Rußabscheider ein von den Abgasen durchströmtes Gehäuse mit einer herausziehbaren Lade aufweist, in der eine gelochte, vorzugsweise mäanderförmige Abgasrohrleitung in Rußabscheidematerial, vorzugsweise Basalt- oder Steinwolle, Kupfer- oder Aluminiumwolle, eingebettet ist. Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungs¬ beispiel unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:A further development of the invention is characterized in that the soot separator connected upstream of the heat exchanger has a housing through which the exhaust gases flow and with a pull-out drawer in which a perforated, preferably meandering, exhaust pipe is embedded in soot separating material, preferably basalt or rock wool, copper or aluminum wool is. The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 teilweise im Schnitt schematisch eine Abgas- reinigungsanlage gemäß der Erfindung, dieFig. 1 partially in section schematically an exhaust gas purification system according to the invention, the
Fig. 2a-2c in einer Draufsicht, Seitenansicht und einer vergrößerten Stirnansicht schematisch einen dem Auspufftopf in Abgasströmungsrichtung vorgeschalteten Wärmeaustauscher, und Fig. 3 ebenfalls im Schnitt schematisch einen dem Wärmeaustauscher vorgeschalteten Rußabscheider.2a-2c in a top view, side view and an enlarged end view schematically a heat exchanger upstream of the muffler in the exhaust gas flow direction, and FIG. 3 also schematically in section a soot separator upstream of the heat exchanger.
Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Abgasreinigungsanlage für den Verbrennungsmotor eines Kraftfahrzeuges umfaßt im wesentlichen einen Auspufftopf 1 , eine diesem vorge- schaltete Abgaskühleinrichtung 2 und einen zwischen diesem und dem Motor 3 angeordneten Rußabscheider 4.The exhaust gas cleaning system shown in FIG. 1 for the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle essentially comprises a muffler 1, an exhaust gas cooling device 2 connected upstream thereof and a soot separator 4 arranged between it and the engine 3.
Der Auspufftopf 1 hat ein im wesentlichen rohrförmi- ges Gehäuse 5, das beim gezeigten Beispiel Kreisquer¬ schnitt hat, aber auch eckigen Querschnitt haben könnte. In das Gehäuse 5 mündet an einem Stirnende ein Abgaszuführ¬ stutzen 6, während am anderen Stirnende ein Auslaß 7 zur Atmosphäre und ein Kondensatfänger 1 ' vorgesehen sind.The muffler 1 has an essentially tubular housing 5, which in the example shown has a circular cross section, but could also have an angular cross section. An exhaust gas supply nozzle 6 opens into the housing 5 at one end, while an outlet 7 to the atmosphere and a condensate trap 1 'are provided at the other end.
Im Inneren des Gehäuses 5 sind in Abgasströmungs- richtung hintereinander mehrere Abscheideelemente δ angeordnet, die durch Distanzringe 9 in gegenseitigem Abstand gehalten sind. Diese Abscheideelemente δ enthalten Schadstoffe bindende organische oder anorganische Materialien, vorzugsweise Magnetmaterial, Bauxit, eine Mischung aus Kalkgranulat, Aktivkohle und Bimsstein, Mineralwolle, und gegebenenfalls Aktivkohle, sowie Kupfer- oder Aluminiumwolle im jeweils erforderlichen Ausmaß bzw. in der jeweils erforderlichen Mischung. Die Körnung der Aktivkohle kann bis zu 5 mm betragen. Die Materialien sind z.B. in Stahlgewebekäfigen angeord¬ net. Die Abscheideelemente können aus Eisenblech, Alumi¬ nium u.dgl. bestehen und in der erforderlichen Anzahl und Anordnung hintereinandergereiht sein. _ A _A plurality of separating elements δ are arranged one behind the other in the interior of the housing 5 in the exhaust gas flow direction and are held at a mutual distance by spacer rings 9. These separating elements δ contain pollutant-binding organic or inorganic materials, preferably magnetic material, bauxite, a mixture of lime granules, activated carbon and pumice stone, mineral wool, and optionally activated carbon, and copper or aluminum wool to the extent required or in the mixture required in each case. The grain size of the activated carbon can be up to 5 mm. The materials are arranged, for example, in steel mesh cages. The separating elements can be made of sheet iron, aluminum and the like. exist and be lined up in the required number and arrangement. _ A _
Die Außenhaut 5a des Gehäuses 5 besteht vorteilhaft aus Nirostastahl und die Innenhaut 5b aus Kupferblech.The outer skin 5a of the housing 5 advantageously consists of stainless steel and the inner skin 5b of copper sheet.
Die Distanzringe 9 bestehen zweckmäßig aus Aluminium.The spacer rings 9 are suitably made of aluminum.
In den von den Ringen definierten Distanzräumen kann es zu einer Verwirbelung der Abgase kommen.The exhaust gases can swirl in the distance spaces defined by the rings.
Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Auspufftopfes ermöglicht eine größtmögliche Reduzierung von NOx, ebenso wie von Kohlenwasserstoffen, Kohlenmonoxid, Benzopyren, Blei und anderen Verbindungen. Durch die Kombination verschiedener Metalle für die Gehäusewandung kann es überdies zu einer elektrochemischen Reaktion kommen.The design of the muffler according to the invention enables the greatest possible reduction of NOx, as well as of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, benzopyrene, lead and other compounds. The combination of different metals for the housing wall can also lead to an electrochemical reaction.
Um eine ordnungsgemäße Funktion der Abscheideelemente δ im Auspuff opf zu gewährleisten, ist dem Auspufftopf der Wärmeaustauscher 2 vorgeschaltet, der in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist und bewirkt, daß die vom Verbrennungsmotor mit einer Temperatur von beispielsweise 700 - 600° C kommenden heißen Abgase so weit abgekühlt werden, daß die Abscheideelemente δ des Auspufftopfes ihre Wirkung voll entfalten können. Der Wärmeaustauscher 2 wird beispielsweise an der Unterseite des Kraftfahrzeuges montiert und vom Fahrtwind oder mittels eines Ventilators 21 gekühlt. Der Austauscher weist einen kastenförmigen Einlaßteil 10, einen von diesem durch eine Wand 11 getrennten Auslaßteil 12 sowie mehrere parallele ovale Rohre 13 auf, über welche der Einlaßteil und der Ausla߬ teil mit einem ebenfalls kastenförmigen Umlenkteil 14 in Verbindung stehen. Die Abgase treten über einen Rohrstutzen 15 in den Einlaßteil 10 ein und über einen Rohrstutzen 16 aus dem Auslaßteil in den nachgeschalteten Auspuf topf über. Die einzelnen Teile des Austauschers, insbesondere die Rohre 13, werden vom Fahrtwind und/oderIn order to ensure proper functioning of the separating elements δ in the exhaust pipe, the heat exchanger 2, which is shown in FIG. 2, is connected upstream of the exhaust pipe and has the effect that the hot exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engine with a temperature of, for example, 700-600 ° C. are so far are cooled so that the separating elements δ of the muffler can fully develop their effect. The heat exchanger 2 is mounted, for example, on the underside of the motor vehicle and cooled by the wind or by means of a fan 2 1 . The exchanger has a box-shaped inlet part 10, an outlet part 12 separated from it by a wall 11 and a plurality of parallel oval tubes 13, via which the inlet part and the outlet part are connected to a likewise box-shaped deflection part 14. The exhaust gases enter via a pipe socket 15 into the inlet part 10 and via a pipe socket 16 from the outlet part into the downstream exhaust pot. The individual parts of the exchanger, in particular the tubes 13, are affected by the headwind and / or
Fig.2 dem in/ nicht gezeigten Ventilator gekühlt. Der Wärmeaus¬ tauscher besteht vorteilhaft aus verzinktem Blech, Kupferblech oder Nirosta.Fig.2 cooled the fan in / not shown. The heat exchanger advantageously consists of galvanized sheet, copper sheet or stainless steel.
Es hat sich in der Praxis gezeigt, daß die aus dem Auspuf topf austretenden Abgase eine Temperatur von etwa 25 bis 30° C aufweisen. Bei Standgas konnten auf einem elektronischen Prüfgerät keine CO- und HC-Werte mehr ermittelt werden. Bei Vollgas konnte eine Schadstoff- eliminierung von 99,6 % erreicht werden. Insbesondere bei Vollast im Fahrbetrieb ist der Wärmeaustauscher 2 unerläßlich.It has been shown in practice that the exhaust gases emerging from the muffler have a temperature of about 25 to 30 ° C. With idle gas could no more CO and HC values can be determined on an electronic test device. At full throttle, 99.6% of pollutants were eliminated. The heat exchanger 2 is indispensable, in particular at full load when driving.
Der dem Wärmeaustauscher 2 im Rahmen der Erfindung vorgeschaltete Rußabscheider 4 hat ein im wesentlichen kastenförmiges Gehäuse 17, in dem eine Lade 16 angeordnet ist, wie dies in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist. Das Gehäuse 17 hat einen Einlaßstutzen 19 für den Anschluß an den Verbrennungsmotor und einen Auslaßstutzen 20, über den es an den Wärmeaustauscher 2 angeschlossen wird. Die aus dem Gehäuse 17 herausziehbare Lade lδ ist vorzugs¬ weise mit Basalt- oder Steinwolle, Kupfer- oder Aluminium- wolle od.dgl. gefüllt und von einer mäanderförmig gekrümm¬ ten Abgasrohrleitung 21 durchsetzt, die gelocht ist und über welche die Abgase in die Lade übertreten. Der Inhalt der Lade 16 ist leicht austauschbar.The soot separator 4 connected upstream of the heat exchanger 2 in the context of the invention has an essentially box-shaped housing 17 in which a drawer 16 is arranged, as shown in FIG. 3. The housing 17 has an inlet connector 19 for connection to the internal combustion engine and an outlet connector 20, via which it is connected to the heat exchanger 2. The drawer lδ which can be pulled out of the housing 17 is preferably made of basalt or rock wool, copper or aluminum wool or the like. filled and penetrated by a meandering curved exhaust pipe line 21, which is perforated and through which the exhaust gases pass into the drawer. The contents of the drawer 16 are easily exchangeable.
Die erfindungsgemäße Reinigungsanlage kann zur Gänze an der Fahrzeugunterseite montiert werden und ist für alle Otto- und Dieselmotoren anwendbar; sie kann aber auch zur Reinigung von Abgasen aus Haushalts¬ kaminen bzw. -Schornsteinen sowie Industrieanlagen verwendet werden. The cleaning system according to the invention can be mounted entirely on the underside of the vehicle and can be used for all gasoline and diesel engines; but it can also be used for cleaning exhaust gases from domestic chimneys or chimneys and industrial plants.

Claims

Patentansprüche: Claims:
1. Reinigungsanlage für Abgase, insbesondere von Verbrennungsmotoren, mit einem an eine Abgasleitung anschließbaren, rohrförmigen Topf, in dem in Abgasströ¬ mungsrichtung hintereinander Abscheideelemente mit verschiedenen Materialien zur Aufnahme von abzuscheidenden Schadstoffen durch Distanzringe in gegenseitigem Abstand gehalten sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem diese Abscheideelemente (6), die vorzugsweise Magnetmaterial, Bauxit, eine Mischung aus Kalkgranulat, Aktivkohle und Bimsstein, Mineralwolle, und gegebenenfalls Aktivkohle enthalten, aufnehmenden Auspufftopf (1) in der Abgaslei¬ tung (6) eine gesonderte Abgaskühleinrichtung (2) und dieser ein gesonderter Rußabscheider (4) vorgeschaltet sind. 1. Cleaning system for exhaust gases, in particular from internal combustion engines, with a tubular pot which can be connected to an exhaust pipe and in which, in the direction of exhaust gas flow, separating elements with different materials for receiving pollutants to be separated are spaced apart by spacer rings, characterized in that this Separating elements (6), which preferably contain magnetic material, bauxite, a mixture of lime granules, activated carbon and pumice stone, mineral wool, and optionally activated carbon, absorbing muffler (1) in the exhaust pipe (6), a separate exhaust gas cooling device (2) and this one Soot separators (4) are connected upstream.
2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abgaskühleinrichtung einen Wärmeaustauscher (2) mit einem im wesentlichen kastenförmigen Einlaßteil (10) und einen von diesem durch eine Wand (11) getrennten Auslaßteil (12) aufweist, wobei der Einlaßteil und der Auslaßteil über mehrere parallele, vom Abgas durch¬ strömte Rohre (13) mit einem im wesentlichen kastenförmi¬ gen Umlenkteil (14) in Verbindung stehen, und wobei alle Teile des Wärmeaustauschers durch die Umgebungsluft und/oder einen Ventilator gekühlt werden. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust gas cooling device has a heat exchanger (2) with an essentially box-shaped inlet part (10) and an outlet part (12) separated therefrom by a wall (11), the inlet part and the outlet part Are connected to a substantially box-shaped deflection part (14) via several parallel pipes (13) through which the exhaust gas flows, and all parts of the heat exchanger are cooled by the ambient air and / or a fan.
3. Anlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der dem Wärmeaustauscher (2) vorgeschaltete Rußab¬ scheider (4) ein von den Abgasen durchströmteε Gehäuse (17) mit einer herausziehbaren Lade (16) aufweist, in der eine gelochte, vorzugsweise mäanderförmige Abgas- rohrleitung (21) in Rußabscheidematerial, vorzugsweise Basalt- oder Steinwolle, Kupfer- oder Aluminiumwolle, eingebettet ist. 3. Plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (2) upstream Rußab¬ separator (4) has a through-flow of the exhaust gases housing (17) with a pull-out drawer (16) in which a perforated, preferably meandering exhaust gas - Pipe (21) in soot separating material, preferably basalt or rock wool, copper or aluminum wool, is embedded.
EP89905032A 1988-05-06 1989-05-02 Pollution abatement facility for exhaust gases Withdrawn EP0366750A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1193/88A AT392328B (en) 1988-05-06 1988-05-06 CLEANING SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GAS
AT1193/88 1988-05-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0366750A1 true EP0366750A1 (en) 1990-05-09

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AT392328B (en) 1991-03-11
WO1989011024A1 (en) 1989-11-16
ATA119388A (en) 1990-08-15

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