EP0363681A2 - Catalyst - Google Patents

Catalyst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363681A2
EP0363681A2 EP89117194A EP89117194A EP0363681A2 EP 0363681 A2 EP0363681 A2 EP 0363681A2 EP 89117194 A EP89117194 A EP 89117194A EP 89117194 A EP89117194 A EP 89117194A EP 0363681 A2 EP0363681 A2 EP 0363681A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
monolith
sheet
section
cross
protective ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89117194A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0363681A3 (en
Inventor
Klaus Baier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Roth-Technik & Co Forschung fur Automobil- und Umwelttechnik GmbH
Roth Technik GmbH
Original Assignee
Roth-Technik & Co Forschung fur Automobil- und Umwelttechnik GmbH
Roth Technik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Roth-Technik & Co Forschung fur Automobil- und Umwelttechnik GmbH, Roth Technik GmbH filed Critical Roth-Technik & Co Forschung fur Automobil- und Umwelttechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0363681A2 publication Critical patent/EP0363681A2/en
Publication of EP0363681A3 publication Critical patent/EP0363681A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2853Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
    • F01N3/2857Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being at least partially made of intumescent material, e.g. unexpanded vermiculite
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2853Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
    • F01N3/2867Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being placed at the front or end face of catalyst body
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/02Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2350/00Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing
    • F01N2350/02Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing
    • F01N2350/04Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing with means compensating thermal expansion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2350/00Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing
    • F01N2350/02Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing
    • F01N2350/06Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing with means preventing gas flow by-pass or leakage
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2530/00Selection of materials for tubes, chambers or housings
    • F01N2530/24Sintered porous material, e.g. bronze, aluminium or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to monoliths for catalysts for the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines.
  • a large number of embodiments of catalysts are known per se (DE-OS 36 38 049 and EP-PS 176 722).
  • the catalysts are manufactured in the form of two half-shells.
  • the monoliths wrapped with the swelling mat, the end faces of which are often also ground flat, are then inserted into these.
  • the inlet or outlet cone is brought up to the end face of the monolith with a guide plate in order to prevent the hot exhaust gas from directly hitting the swelling mat surrounding the monolith.
  • the additional guide plate must be guided close to the end face of the monolith with little play. Then the two housing halves are placed on top of one another and welded along their drawing edge.
  • a disadvantage of such known catalysts is their complex production or assembly of the monoliths in the housing, quite apart from the fact that very often each monolith has to be ground flat on the end face, since the sealing rings do not allow tolerances of the monolith, which is not only complex but also there is also the risk of damage. Finally, the protruding, welded drawing edge is a hindrance, because compact installation of the catalytic converter is not possible in limited spaces.
  • the invention has for its object a monolith to be embedded in such a way that the catalytic converter can be manufactured more easily, less prone to malfunctions, more reliably and more cheaply.
  • an intermediate product which serves for easy further processing is thus produced with the monolith, so that work can be carried out without problems in stock.
  • the intermediate product can also be easily processed as a modular part and not only offers sufficient protection against damage in the form of this intermediate product, but also in the installed position there is a flow past or against it the swelling mat, reliably excluded by the protective ring due to the hot exhaust gas.
  • the protective ring can be easily compensated for manufacturing tolerances of the monolith by the used, resiliently formed protective ring without the need for reworking the same and without the risk of damaging it during assembly or operation. With particular advantage, only the protective ring must be made of stainless steel.
  • the monoliths can so far only be coated in a maximum of six inches of axial length, they are usually manufactured and sold in two lengths, namely six inches and three inches.
  • an intermediate ring must be provided between the monolith components. Both sides of which are designed to engage over the protruding part of the protective ring and to bluntly butt against the sheet metal.
  • a weld seam preferably carried out by automatic machines, can then be provided along the abutting edge.
  • This intermediate ring is made of sintered metal with a very special advantage and has a grooved and / or corrugated surface for better heat dissipation.
  • a swelling mat 21 is placed while leaving a distance from the two circumferential end edges 22 of the monolith, with the longitudinal side or the generatrix of the monolith 20 is larger than that of the swelling mat 21.
  • the swelling mat 21 is in this case enclosed by a sheet 24 protruding on both sides to form an annular space in such a way that its at least both ends running along a surface line butt butt and are welded together.
  • Figure 4 shows the possibilities. It is either possible to use two mirror-symmetrical sheet metal halves, which are pressed against one another on opposite sides (top and bottom in FIG. 4) along a central plane 25 and welded in this position. However, it is also possible to use a single piece and to weld its ends butt-abutting along a surface line (level 25).
  • a protective ring 26 is inserted around the two end edges 22 of the monolith 20 and protrudes axially on both sides beyond the plate 24 in the annular space 23 (FIG. 3).
  • the sheet 24 is then welded, as a result of which the two protective rings 26 are sufficiently firmly attached to the sheet.
  • the protective ring ensures, on the one hand, that the - sensitive - circumferential end edge 22 of the monolith 20 cannot be damaged and, when the monolith 20 is temporarily stored, comes to rest on the protruding protective ring 26 and not its end face 27, which greatly reduces the risk of damage is.
  • the protective ring 26, which is open towards the swelling mat 21, is resilient, so that manufacturing tolerances in the monolith are easily compensated for.
  • its closed part projecting forwardly over the end face 27 of the monolith 20 prevents hot exhaust gases from reaching the inflatable mat 21 and damaging it.
  • This intermediate part shown in Figure 5 as part of a kit is used to produce a bowl-less catalyst, as shown in Fig. 6, using an input cone 28 with a pipe connection 29 and an output cone 30, also with a pipe connection 31
  • An intermediate ring 32 can be used in series connection of monolith components with monoliths of different lengths, for example.
  • the individual parts are pushed over the protruding part of the protective ring and butted against the plate 24.
  • a weld seam can be placed at this blunt joint without the risk of damaging the monolith during welding, because the weld seam is made on an area of the protective ring 26 that does not come into direct contact with the monolith.
  • the respective butt joints or welds are identified by reference number 33.
  • the component according to FIG. 5 is identified with 34 in the entire catalytic converter according to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 7 shows the same catalytic converter as in FIG. 6. Only on the input cone 28 and the output cone 30 is a separate thermal and / or acoustically necessary insulation 35 provided with an insulation shell 36.
  • the intermediate ring 32 does not have to be a sintered ring, but can, as shown in the upper part of the cross section, also be a sheet metal ring 37 with an outer insulation 38 and an outer insulating shell 39.
  • the input or output cones can be simple cones (in plan view according to FIG. 8 and in cross section according to FIG. 10) or double cones, as shown in plan view in FIG. 9. It is also possible to use an oval inlet pipe according to the embodiment according to FIG. 11 instead of the double cone.
  • the protective ring 26 is shown in schematic half section in FIG. 12 and the detail in FIG. 13. From this it can be seen that in cross section an outer leg 40 is provided for contact with the sheet.
  • the outer leg 40 has an inwardly curved bend 41 for the purpose of contacting the front face 27 of the monolith 20.
  • the bend 41 is adjoined by a resilient inner leg 42 which encompasses the circumferential edge 22 of the monolith 20 and is bent in the opposite direction the long side of the monolith 20 rests.
  • the inner leg 42 and / or the bend 41 are shaped in such a way that the circumferential edge 22 of the monolith is encompassed - protected - at a distance.
  • the resilient design of the leg which is open on one side as a whole, also ensures that manufacturing inaccuracies of the monolith 20 can be compensated in a simple manner, namely by the legs and / or the deflection of the protective ring 26 yielding resiliently. At the same time, it is ensured during welding along the outer leg 40 that the monolith which is not in contact with this outer leg cannot be damaged. At the same time, however, reliable protection against the hot exhaust gas flowing against the source mat is ensured.
  • the intermediate ring 32 made of sintered metal is shown in cross section in FIG. 14. For better heat dissipation, it has shafts 45 on its surface. Its two sides are each designed to overlap the part of the protective ring 26 which projects beyond the end face 27 of the monolith 20 and for butting against the sheet 24, so that a simple welded seam can be placed parallel to the peripheral end edge 22 at the joint preferably by an automatic welding machine .

Abstract

The invention relates to a cylindrical ceramic monolith, preferably oval in cross-section and coated, as a modular system for a catalyst for the exhaust gas of combustion engines, which is provided with an inlet cone which tapers from the cross-section of the monolith to the cross-section of the pipe carrying the exhaust gas and has a pipe joint, and with an outlet cone, also having a pipe joint, an expanded mat being arranged between the lateral surface of the monolith and the sheet surrounding the latter, the expanded mat (21), which has a shorter generating line, being laid round the lateral surface of the monolith leaving a gap with respect to the two circumferential end edges (22) of the monolith (20), the expanded mat being surrounded in such a way by a sheet (24) which projects on both sides beyond the latter, forming an annular space, that at least the two ends of said sheet abut along a generating line (25) and are welded together, and a protective ring (26) engaging round the two end edges (22) and projecting axially on both sides beyond the sheet (24) and the front end (27) of the monolith being inserted into each annular space (23) and fixed on the sheet (24). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Monolithen für Katalysatoren für das Abgas von Verbrennungsmotoren.The invention relates to monoliths for catalysts for the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines.

Katalysatoren sind an sich in einer Vielzahl von Ausfüh­rungsformen bekannt (DE-OS 36 38 049 und EP-PS 176 722). Hierbei werden die Katalysatoren in Form von zwei Gehäuse­halbschalen hergestellt. In diese werden dann die mit der Quellmatte umwickelten Monolithen, deren Stirnseiten auch oft plan geschliffen werden, eingesetzt. Der Eingangs- oder Ausgangskegel ist hierbei mit einem Führungsblech bis nahe an die Stirnseite des Monolithen herangeführt, um zu verhindern, daß das heiße Abgas direkt auf die den Monolithen umgebende Quellmatte auftrifft. Um diese Zweck zu erreichen, muß das zusätzliche Führungsblech mit geringem Spiel bis nahe an die Stirnseite des Monolithen geführt sein. Dann werden die beiden Gehäusehälften aufeinanderge­setzt und längs ihres Ziehrandes verschweißt.A large number of embodiments of catalysts are known per se (DE-OS 36 38 049 and EP-PS 176 722). The catalysts are manufactured in the form of two half-shells. The monoliths wrapped with the swelling mat, the end faces of which are often also ground flat, are then inserted into these. The inlet or outlet cone is brought up to the end face of the monolith with a guide plate in order to prevent the hot exhaust gas from directly hitting the swelling mat surrounding the monolith. In order to achieve this purpose, the additional guide plate must be guided close to the end face of the monolith with little play. Then the two housing halves are placed on top of one another and welded along their drawing edge.

Von Nachteil bei solchen bekannten Katalysatoren ist deren aufwendige Herstellung bzw. Montage der Monolithen in das Gehäuse, ganz abgesehen davon, daß sehr oft jeder Monolith an der Stirnseite planzuschleifen ist, da die Dichtringe keine Toleranzen des Monolithen zulassen, was nicht nur aufwendig ist, sondern auch die Gefahr von Beschädigungen in sich birgt. Schließlich ist der seitlich überstehende, geschweißte Ziehrand hinderlich, weil ein kompakter Einbau des Katalysators in begrenzten Räumen nicht möglich ist.A disadvantage of such known catalysts is their complex production or assembly of the monoliths in the housing, quite apart from the fact that very often each monolith has to be ground flat on the end face, since the sealing rings do not allow tolerances of the monolith, which is not only complex but also there is also the risk of damage. Finally, the protruding, welded drawing edge is a hindrance, because compact installation of the catalytic converter is not possible in limited spaces.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Monolithen so einzubetten, daß der Katalysator einfacher, störun­anfälliger sowie funktionssicherer und billiger herstellbar ist.The invention has for its object a monolith to be embedded in such a way that the catalytic converter can be manufactured more easily, less prone to malfunctions, more reliably and more cheaply.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Baukastensystem für einen Katalysator gemäß dem Hauptanspruch gelöst. Er­findungsgemäß wird also ein zur problemlosen Weiterverar­beitung dienendes Zwischenprodukt mit dem Monolith hergestellt, so daß problemlos auf Lager gearbeitet werden kann. Abgesehen davon, daß die Herstellung problemlos und ohne Gefahr der Beschädigungen für den Monolithen möglich ist, ist das Zwischenprodukt als Baukastenteil auch einfachst weiterverarbeitbar und bietet nicht nur in Form dieses Zwischenprodukts ausreichenden Schutz gegen Beschädigungen, sondern auch in der Einbaulage ist ein Vorbei- oder Anströmen der Quellmatte, durch das heiße Abgas hinreichend zuverläßig durch den Schutzring ausgeschlossen. Außerdem lassen sich durch den eingesetzten, in sich federnd ausgebildeten Schutzring problemlos Fertigungstoleranzen des Monolithen ausgleichen, ohne daß es einer Nachbearbei­tung desselben bedarf und ohne die Gefahr, dessen Beschä­digung bei der Montage oder im Betrieb. Mit besonderem Vorteil muß hierbei nur der Schutzring aus Edelstahl herge­stellt sein.This object is achieved by a modular system for a catalyst according to the main claim. According to the invention, an intermediate product which serves for easy further processing is thus produced with the monolith, so that work can be carried out without problems in stock. Apart from the fact that the monolith can be manufactured without any problems and without the risk of damage, the intermediate product can also be easily processed as a modular part and not only offers sufficient protection against damage in the form of this intermediate product, but also in the installed position there is a flow past or against it the swelling mat, reliably excluded by the protective ring due to the hot exhaust gas. In addition, can be easily compensated for manufacturing tolerances of the monolith by the used, resiliently formed protective ring without the need for reworking the same and without the risk of damaging it during assembly or operation. With particular advantage, only the protective ring must be made of stainless steel.

Zur Herstellung eines schalenlosen Katalysators brauchen nur Eingangs- und Ausgangskegel über den stirnseitig axial vorstehenden Monolithen übergeschoben und mit dem Blech stumpf gestoßen und dann längs der Stoßkante zusammengeschweißt werden können. Diese Teile können einzeln äußerst rationell hergestellt und problemlos gelagert werden, sowie zusätzlich nach thermischen und akustischen Erfordernissen isoliert werden.To produce a bowl-free catalyst, only the inlet and outlet cones need to be pushed over the axially protruding monolith and butted with the sheet metal and then welded together along the abutting edge. These parts can be individually manufactured extremely efficiently and easily stored, and can also be insulated according to thermal and acoustic requirements.

Nachdem die Monolithen bislang nur in maximal sechs Zoll axialer Länge beschichtbar sind, werden sie üblicherweise in zwei Längen, nämlich sechs Zoll und drei Zoll hergestellt und vertrieben. Je nach Ausführungsform eines Motors kann es erforderlich sein, mehrere Monolithen hintereinander anzuordnen. Zu diesem Zweck muß zwischen den Monolith-Bauteilen ein Zwischenring vorgesehen werden. Dessen beide Seiten sind zum Übergreifen des überstehenden Teils des Schutzrings und zum stumfen Stoßen an dem Blech ausgebildet. Längs der Stoßkante kann dann weider eine vorzugsweise durch Automaten ausgeführte Schweißnaht angebracht werden. Mit ganz besonderem Vorteil wird dieser Zwischenring aus Sintermetall hergestellt und weist zur besseren Wärmeableitung eine gerillte und/oder gewellte Oberfläche auf.Since the monoliths can so far only be coated in a maximum of six inches of axial length, they are usually manufactured and sold in two lengths, namely six inches and three inches. Depending on the embodiment of a motor, it may be necessary to arrange several monoliths in a row. For this purpose, an intermediate ring must be provided between the monolith components. Both sides of which are designed to engage over the protruding part of the protective ring and to bluntly butt against the sheet metal. A weld seam, preferably carried out by automatic machines, can then be provided along the abutting edge. This intermediate ring is made of sintered metal with a very special advantage and has a grooved and / or corrugated surface for better heat dissipation.

Weitere zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Further expedient refinements and developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert.A preferred embodiment is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

In dieser zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen Monolithen mit einer Quellmatte;
  • Fig. 2 den Monolithen mit Quellmatte, in Ansicht;
  • Fig. 3 den Monolithen gemäß Figur 1 mit einem darum gelegten Blech, im schematischen Querschnitt;
  • Fig. 4 den Monolithen mit Blech gemäß Figur 3, in schematischer Stirnansicht im teilweise fertiggestellten Zustand;
  • Fig. 5 den Monolithen gemäß Figur 3 mit eingesetztem Schutzring;
  • Fig. 6 einen gesamten Katalysator mit eingesetztem Monolithen gemäß Figur 5 und einem Eingangs- und einem Ausgangskegel ohne Isolierung sowie einem Zwischenring, im schematischen Querschnitt;
  • Fig. 7 den Monolithen gemäß Figur 6 mit zusätzlicher thermischer und/oder akustischer Isolierung auf dem Eingangskegel und dem Ausgangske­gel;
  • Figuren 8 bis 11 verschieden Formen von Eingangs- bzw. Ausgangskegeln;
  • Fig. 12 den Schutzring gemäß Fig. 5 in schemaitschem Querschnitt.
  • Fig. 13 die Einzelheit XIII gemäß Fig. 12 in teilweise abgebrochener Dar­stellung und größerem Maßstab;
  • Fig. 14 den Zwischenring gemäß Fig. 6, im schematischen Querschnitt und
  • Fig. 15 den Zwischenring gemäß Fig. 14 in Stirnansicht.
In this shows:
  • 1 shows a schematic cross section through a monolith with a swelling mat.
  • Figure 2 shows the monolith with swelling mat, in view.
  • 3 shows the monolith according to FIG. 1 with a sheet placed around it, in a schematic cross section;
  • 4 shows the monolith with sheet metal according to FIG. 3, in a schematic end view in the partially finished state;
  • 5 shows the monolith according to FIG. 3 with the protective ring inserted;
  • 6 shows an entire catalytic converter with the monolith used according to FIG. 5 and an inlet and outlet cone without insulation and an intermediate ring, in a schematic cross section;
  • 7 shows the monolith according to FIG. 6 with additional thermal and / or acoustic insulation on the input cone and the output cone;
  • Figures 8 to 11 different forms of input and output cones;
  • Fig. 12 the protective ring of FIG. 5 in schematic cross section.
  • FIG. 13 shows the detail XIII according to FIG. 12 in a partially broken representation and on a larger scale;
  • Fig. 14, the intermediate ring of FIG. 6, in schematic cross section and
  • 15 shows the intermediate ring according to FIG. 14 in an end view.

Um den insgesamt als senkrechten Zylinder mit ovaler Stirn­fläche (Fig. 2) ausgebildeten Monolithen 20 bzw. dessen Mantel wird eine Quellmatte 21 unter Belassung eines Ab­standes zu den beiden umlaufenden Endkanten 22 des Mono­lithen herumgelegt, wobei als die Längsseite bzw. die Mantellinie des Monolithen 20 größer als jene der Quellmatte 21 ist.Around the monolith 20, which is designed as a vertical cylinder with an oval end face (FIG. 2), or its jacket, a swelling mat 21 is placed while leaving a distance from the two circumferential end edges 22 of the monolith, with the longitudinal side or the generatrix of the monolith 20 is larger than that of the swelling mat 21.

Die Quellmatte 21 ist hierbei von einem beidseitig über diese unter Bildung eines Ringraumes vorstehenden Blech 24 so umschlossen, daß dessen zumindest beide längs einer Man­tellinie verlaufenden Enden stumpf aneinanderstoßen und mit­einander verschweißt sind. Figur 4 zeigt hierbei die Mög­lichkeiten. Es ist entweder möglich, zwei spiegelsymmetri­sche Blechhälften zu verwenden, die aneinander gegenüber liegenden Seiten (oben und unten in Fig. 4) längs einer Mit­telebene 25 an die Quellmatte 21 herangedrückt und in die­ser Lage verschweißt werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, ein einziges Stück zu verwenden und dessen längs einer Mantel­linie (Ebene 25) stumpf aneinanderstoßenden Enden mitein­ander zu verschweißen.The swelling mat 21 is in this case enclosed by a sheet 24 protruding on both sides to form an annular space in such a way that its at least both ends running along a surface line butt butt and are welded together. Figure 4 shows the possibilities. It is either possible to use two mirror-symmetrical sheet metal halves, which are pressed against one another on opposite sides (top and bottom in FIG. 4) along a central plane 25 and welded in this position. However, it is also possible to use a single piece and to weld its ends butt-abutting along a surface line (level 25).

Bevor jedoch die Verbindung der längs einer Mantellinie stumpf aneinanderstoßenden Teile des Blechs 24 miteinander verschweißt werden, wird in dem Ringraum 23 (Fig. 3) ein die beiden Endkanten 22 des Monolithen 20 umgreifender und axial beidseitig über das Blech 24 vorstehender Schutzring 26 eingesetzt. Danach wird das Schweißen des Blechs 24 vorgenommen, wodurch die beiden Schutzringe 26 ausreichend fest an dem Blech geheftet sind. Es ist aber auch möglich, den Schutzring 26 mit einer umlaufenden Schweißnaht geson­dert festzulegen. Durch den Schutzring wird zum einen sichergestellt, daß die - empfindlich - umlaufende Endkante 22 des Monolithen 20 nicht beschädigt werden kann und beim Zwischenlagern der Monolith 20 auf dem vorstehenden Schutz­ring 26 und nicht dessen Stirnseite 27 zu liegen kommt, wodurch die Gefahr von Beschädigungen stark verringert ist. Außerdem ist der in Richtung auf die Quellmatte 21 hin offene Schutzring 26 federnd, so daß Herstellungstoleranzen bei dem Monolithen problemlos ausgeglichen werden. Schließ­lich verhindert seine geschlossene, nach vorne über die Stirnseite 27 des Monolithen 20 vorstehender geschlossener Teil, daß heiße Abgase zur Blähmatte 21 gelangen und diese beschädigen können.Before however connecting the along a generatrix butt-jointed parts of the plate 24 are welded to one another, a protective ring 26 is inserted around the two end edges 22 of the monolith 20 and protrudes axially on both sides beyond the plate 24 in the annular space 23 (FIG. 3). The sheet 24 is then welded, as a result of which the two protective rings 26 are sufficiently firmly attached to the sheet. However, it is also possible to fix the protective ring 26 separately with a circumferential weld seam. The protective ring ensures, on the one hand, that the - sensitive - circumferential end edge 22 of the monolith 20 cannot be damaged and, when the monolith 20 is temporarily stored, comes to rest on the protruding protective ring 26 and not its end face 27, which greatly reduces the risk of damage is. In addition, the protective ring 26, which is open towards the swelling mat 21, is resilient, so that manufacturing tolerances in the monolith are easily compensated for. Finally, its closed part projecting forwardly over the end face 27 of the monolith 20 prevents hot exhaust gases from reaching the inflatable mat 21 and damaging it.

Dieses in Figur 5 gezeigte Zwischenteil als Teil eines Bau­kastens dient zur Herstellung eines schalenlosen Katalysa­tors, wie er in Fig. 6 dargestellt ist, und zwar unter wei­terer Verwendung eines Eingangskegels 28 mit einem Rohran­schluß 29 und eines Ausgangskegels 30, ebenfalls mit einem Rohranschluß 31. Zur Hintereinanderschaltung von Monolith­bauteilen mit Monolithen beispielsweise verschiedener Län­ge kann ein Zwischenring 32 Verwendung finden. Die Einzel­teile werden jeweils über den vorstehenden Teil des Schutz­rings übergeschoben und stumpf mit dem Blech 24 gestoßen. An dieser stumfen Stoßstelle kann eine Schweißnaht gelegt werden, ohne daß die Gefahr besteht, den Monolithen beim Schweißen zu beschädigen, weil die Schweißnaht an einem Bereich des Schutzrings 26 erfolgt, der nicht direkt an dem Monolithen zur Anlage kommt. Die jeweiligen stumpfen Stoß­stellen bzw. Schweißstellen sind mit dem Bezugszeichen 33 gekennzeichnet. Das Bauteil gemäß Fig. 5 ist in dem gesam­ten Katalysator gemäß Fig. 6 mit 34 gekennzeichnet.This intermediate part shown in Figure 5 as part of a kit is used to produce a bowl-less catalyst, as shown in Fig. 6, using an input cone 28 with a pipe connection 29 and an output cone 30, also with a pipe connection 31 An intermediate ring 32 can be used in series connection of monolith components with monoliths of different lengths, for example. The individual parts are pushed over the protruding part of the protective ring and butted against the plate 24. A weld seam can be placed at this blunt joint without the risk of damaging the monolith during welding, because the weld seam is made on an area of the protective ring 26 that does not come into direct contact with the monolith. The respective butt joints or welds are identified by reference number 33. The component according to FIG. 5 is identified with 34 in the entire catalytic converter according to FIG. 6.

Figur 7 zeigt denselben Katalysator wie in Fig. 6. Lediglich auf dem Eingangskegel 28 und dem Ausgangskegel 30 ist eine gesonderte thermische und/oder akustisch notwendige Isolation 35 mit einer Isolationsschale 36 angebracht. Der Zwischenring 32 muß hierbei kein Sinterring sein, sondern kann, wie im oberen Teil des Querschnitts gezeigt, auch ein Blechring 37 mit einer äußeren Isolation 38 und einer äuße­ren Isolierschale 39 sein.FIG. 7 shows the same catalytic converter as in FIG. 6. Only on the input cone 28 and the output cone 30 is a separate thermal and / or acoustically necessary insulation 35 provided with an insulation shell 36. The intermediate ring 32 does not have to be a sintered ring, but can, as shown in the upper part of the cross section, also be a sheet metal ring 37 with an outer insulation 38 and an outer insulating shell 39.

Die Eingangs- bzw. Ausgangskegel können einfache Kegel (in Draufsicht gem. Fig. 8 und im Querschnitt gem. Fig. 10) oder Doppelkegel, wie in Draufsicht in Fig. 9 dargestellt, sein. Es ist auch möglich, anstelle des Doppelkegels ein ovales Eintrittsrohr gemäß der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 11 einzu­setzen.The input or output cones can be simple cones (in plan view according to FIG. 8 and in cross section according to FIG. 10) or double cones, as shown in plan view in FIG. 9. It is also possible to use an oval inlet pipe according to the embodiment according to FIG. 11 instead of the double cone.

Der Schutzring 26 ist im schematischen Halbschnitt in Fig. 12 und die Einzelheit in Fig. 13 dargestellt. Hieraus ist ersichtlich, daß im Querschnitt ein äußerer Schenkel 40 zur Anlage an dem Blech vorgesehen ist. Der äußere Schenkel 40 weist eine nach innen springende abgerundete Abbiegung 41 zum Zwecke der Anlage an der Stirnseite 27 des Monolithen 20 auf. An die Abbiegung 41 schließt sich ein die umlau­fende Kante 22 des Monolithen 20 umgreifender, entgegege­setzt gebogener federnder innerer Schenkel 42 an, der auf der Längsseite des Monolithen 20 aufliegt. Der innere Schenkel 42 und/oder die Abbiegung 41 sind hierbei so ausgeformt, daß die umlaufende Kante 22 des Monolithen mit Abstand - geschützt - umgriffen ist. Durch die federnde Ausbildung des insgesamt einseitig offenen Schenkels ist ferner sichergestellt, daß Herstellungsungauigkeiten des Monolithen 20 in einfacher Weise ausgeglichen werden können, indem nämlich die Schenkel und/oder die Abbiegung des Schutzringes 26 federnd nachgeben. Zugleich ist beim Schweißen längs des äußeren Schenkels 40 sichergestellt, daß hierbei der an diesem äußeren Schenkel nicht anliegende Monolith nicht beschädigt werden kann. Zugleich ist aber ein sicherer Schutz gegen Anströmen des heißen Abgases gegen die Quellmatte sichergestellt.The protective ring 26 is shown in schematic half section in FIG. 12 and the detail in FIG. 13. From this it can be seen that in cross section an outer leg 40 is provided for contact with the sheet. The outer leg 40 has an inwardly curved bend 41 for the purpose of contacting the front face 27 of the monolith 20. The bend 41 is adjoined by a resilient inner leg 42 which encompasses the circumferential edge 22 of the monolith 20 and is bent in the opposite direction the long side of the monolith 20 rests. The inner leg 42 and / or the bend 41 are shaped in such a way that the circumferential edge 22 of the monolith is encompassed - protected - at a distance. The resilient design of the leg, which is open on one side as a whole, also ensures that manufacturing inaccuracies of the monolith 20 can be compensated in a simple manner, namely by the legs and / or the deflection of the protective ring 26 yielding resiliently. At the same time, it is ensured during welding along the outer leg 40 that the monolith which is not in contact with this outer leg cannot be damaged. At the same time, however, reliable protection against the hot exhaust gas flowing against the source mat is ensured.

Der Zwischenring 32 aus Sintermetall ist in Fig. 14 im Querschnitt dargestellt. Zur besseren Wärmeableitung weist er auf seiner Oberfläche Wellen 45 auf. Seine beiden Seiten sind jeweils zum Übergreifen des über die Stirnseite 27 des Monoliths 20 überstehenden Teils des Schutzrings 26 und zum stumpfen Stoßen an dem Blech 24 ausgebildet, so daß eine einfache Schweißrundnaht parallel zur umlaufenden Endkante 22 an der Stoßstelle vorzugsweise durch einen Schweißauto­maten gelegt werden kann.The intermediate ring 32 made of sintered metal is shown in cross section in FIG. 14. For better heat dissipation, it has shafts 45 on its surface. Its two sides are each designed to overlap the part of the protective ring 26 which projects beyond the end face 27 of the monolith 20 and for butting against the sheet 24, so that a simple welded seam can be placed parallel to the peripheral end edge 22 at the joint preferably by an automatic welding machine .

Claims (11)

1. Zylindrischer, vorzugsweise im Querschnitt ovaler sowie beschichteter Monolith aus Keramik als Baukasten­system für einen Katalysator für das Abgas von Verbrennungs­motoren, der einen sich vom Querschnitt des Monolithen bis auf den Querschnitt des das Abgas führenden Rohrs verjüngenden Eingangskegel mit einem Rohranschluß und einem Ausgangskegel, auch mit einem Rohranschluß, versehen ist, wobei zwischen dem Mantel des Monolithen und dem ihn umge­benden Blech eine Quellmatte angeordnet ist, wobei um den Mantel des Monolithen (20) die eine kürzere Mantellinie auf­weisende Quellmatte (21) unter Belassen eines Abstandes zu den beiden umlaufenden Endkanten (22) des Monolithen (20) herumgelegt ist, wobei die Quellmatte von einem beidseitig über diese unter Bildung eines Ringraums (23) vorstehenden Blechs (24) so umschlossen ist, daß dessen zumindest beide Enden längs einer Mantellinie (25) stumpf aufeinander stoßen und miteinander verschweißt sind, und wobei in jedem Ring­raum (23) ein die beiden Endkanten (22) umgreifender und axial beidseitig über das Blech (24) und die Stirnseite (27) des Monolithen vorstehender Schutzring (26) eingesetzt und an dem Blech (24) festgelegt ist.1.Cylindrical, preferably oval in cross-section and coated ceramic monolith as a modular system for a catalyst for the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, which has a tapering from the cross section of the monolith to the cross section of the pipe carrying the exhaust gas with a pipe connection and an outlet cone, also is provided with a pipe connection, a swelling mat being arranged between the casing of the monolith and the sheet metal surrounding it, the swelling mat (21) having a shorter casing line around the casing of the monolith (20) while leaving a distance from the two circumferential end edges (22) of the monolith (20) is laid around, the swelling mat being enclosed on both sides by a sheet (24) projecting over it to form an annular space (23) in such a way that its at least both ends abut each other along a surface line (25) and are welded to one another, and in each annulus (23) a protective ring (26) which engages around the two end edges (22) and projects axially on both sides over the sheet (24) and the end face (27) of the monolith and is fixed to the sheet (24). 2. Monolith nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schutzring (26) im Querschnitt einen ebenen äußeren Schen­kel (40) zur Anlage an dem Blech (24) aufweist.
2. monolith according to claim 1,
characterized in that the protective ring (26) has a flat outer leg (40) in cross section for contacting the sheet metal (24).
3. Monolith nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der äußere Schenkel (40) eine nach innen abgerundete Abbiegung (41) zur Anlage an der Stirnseite (27) des Monolithen (20) aufweist.
3. monolith according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the outer leg (40) has an inwardly rounded bend (41) for abutment against the end face (27) of the monolith (20).
4. Monolith nach einem der Ansprüch 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich an die Abbiegung (41) ein die umlaufende Kante (22) des Monolithen (20) umgreifender, entgegengesetzt gebogener, federnder innerer Schenkel (42) anschließt, der auf dem Mantel bzw. der Längsseite des Monolithen (20) aufliegt.
4. monolith according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the bend (41) is followed by an oppositely curved, resilient inner leg (42) which surrounds the circumferential edge (22) of the monolith (20) and rests on the jacket or the long side of the monolith (20) .
5. Monolith nach einem der Ansprüch 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der innere Schenkel (42) und/oder die Abbiegung (41) so geformt sind, daß die umlaufende Kante (22) des Monolithen (20) mit Abstand umgriffen wird.
5. monolith according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the inner leg (42) and / or the bend (41) are shaped such that the circumferential edge (22) of the monolith (20) is gripped at a distance.
6. Monolith nach einem der Ansprüch 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schutzring (26) aus Edelstahl besteht.
6. monolith according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the protective ring (26) is made of stainless steel.
7. Monolith nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Eingangskegel (28) und/oder der Ausgangskegel (30) zum Übergreifen des über die Stirnseite (27) des Monolithen (20) überstehenden Teils des Schutzrings (26) und zum stumpfen Stoßen an dem Blech (24) ausgebildet sind.
7. monolith according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that the input cone (28) and / or the output cone (30) are designed to engage over the part of the protective ring (26) projecting beyond the end face (27) of the monolith (20) and to bluntly butt against the sheet metal (24) .
8. Monolith nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Hin­tereinanderanordnen von zwei oder mehr Monolithen (20) ein Zwischenring (32) vorgesehen ist, dessen beide Seiten zum Übergreifen des über die Stirnseite (27) des Monoliths (20) überstehenden Teils des Schutzrings (26) und zum stumpfen Stoßen an dem Belch (24) ausgebildet sind.
8. monolith according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that an intermediate ring (32) is provided for arranging two or more monoliths (20) one behind the other, both sides of which grip over the part of the protective ring (26) projecting beyond the end face (27) of the monolith (20) and for blunt butting on the Belch (24) are formed.
9. Monolith nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zwischenring (32) aus Sintermetall besteht.
9. monolith according to claim 8,
characterized in that the intermediate ring (32) consists of sintered metal.
10. Monolith nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zwischenring (32) aus Blech mit einer Isolation besteht.
10. monolith according to claim 8,
characterized in that the intermediate ring (32) consists of sheet metal with insulation.
11. Monolith nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche des Zwischenrings mit parallel zu den Mantellinien bzw. dem Mantelblech (24) verlaufenden Wellen (45) versehen ist.
11. Monolith according to one of claims 8 to 10,
characterized in that the surface of the intermediate ring is provided with shafts (45) running parallel to the surface lines or the surface plate (24).
EP19890117194 1988-10-12 1989-09-17 Catalyst Withdrawn EP0363681A3 (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1070835A1 (en) * 1999-07-22 2001-01-24 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Can structure for a catalytic converter and manufacturing method thereof
US7851645B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2010-12-14 Catalytic Distillation Technologies Process for continuous production of organic carbonates or organic carbamates and solid catalysts therefore
US8110698B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2012-02-07 Shell Oil Company Process for producing diphenyl carbonate
CN104728527A (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-24 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Wire harness via hole protecting sleeve
CN112412583A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-02-26 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Three way catalyst converter, engine exhaust assembly and car

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DE10113093A1 (en) 2001-03-17 2002-09-19 Volkswagen Ag Catalyst funnel and catalyst housing
DE10313155B4 (en) * 2003-03-18 2013-02-14 Volkswagen Ag Process for the preparation of a catalytic converter

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1070835A1 (en) * 1999-07-22 2001-01-24 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Can structure for a catalytic converter and manufacturing method thereof
US7163662B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2007-01-16 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Canning structure and manufacturing method thereof
US7851645B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2010-12-14 Catalytic Distillation Technologies Process for continuous production of organic carbonates or organic carbamates and solid catalysts therefore
US8110698B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2012-02-07 Shell Oil Company Process for producing diphenyl carbonate
US8222444B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2012-07-17 Catalytic Distillation Technologies Process for continuous production of organic carbonates or organic carbamates and solid catalysts therefore
US8361919B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2013-01-29 Catalytic Distillation Technologies Process for continuous production of organic carbonates or organic carbamates and solid catalysts therefore
US8415495B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2013-04-09 Catalytic Distillation Technologies Process for continuous production of organic carbonates or organic carbamates and solid catalysts therefore
US8569534B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2013-10-29 Shell Oil Company Process for producing diphenyl carbonate
CN104728527A (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-24 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Wire harness via hole protecting sleeve
CN104728527B (en) * 2013-12-19 2017-04-05 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 A kind of wire harness passing-hole protective jacket
CN112412583A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-02-26 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Three way catalyst converter, engine exhaust assembly and car
CN112412583B (en) * 2020-11-30 2022-07-08 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Three way catalyst converter, engine exhaust assembly and car

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