EP0362415A1 - Hydraulic power screw driver - Google Patents

Hydraulic power screw driver Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0362415A1
EP0362415A1 EP88116273A EP88116273A EP0362415A1 EP 0362415 A1 EP0362415 A1 EP 0362415A1 EP 88116273 A EP88116273 A EP 88116273A EP 88116273 A EP88116273 A EP 88116273A EP 0362415 A1 EP0362415 A1 EP 0362415A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
socket
piston
piece
plug
cylinder housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88116273A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0362415B1 (en
Inventor
Paul-Heinz Wagner
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to DE8888116273T priority Critical patent/DE3882371D1/en
Publication of EP0362415A1 publication Critical patent/EP0362415A1/en
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Publication of EP0362415B1 publication Critical patent/EP0362415B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/004—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose of the ratchet type
    • B25B21/005—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose of the ratchet type driven by a radially acting hydraulic or pneumatic piston
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/145—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic power wrench specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a power screwdriver has a head piece, which forms a housing, in the walls of which a ring piece is rotatably mounted.
  • a lever containing a ratchet acts on the ring piece and is mounted coaxially to the ring piece.
  • the housing of the head piece is detachably connected to a cylinder housing in which a piston can be moved hydraulically.
  • the end of the piston is connected to the lever via a tension element, so that the piston can take the lever with it in both directions of movement.
  • the detachable connection between the housing of the head piece and the cylinder housing takes place in such a way that the cylinder housing is inserted from the outside into a socket of the head piece.
  • a sleeve is screwed into the cylinder housing, which is supported on a step shoulder of the head piece and thus prevents the cylinder housing from being pulled out of the head piece.
  • the head piece can be used in connection with one of several selectable cylinder housings.
  • the assembly of the cylinder housing on the head piece can practically only be carried out by the manufacturer, because the head piece must be opened for this.
  • EP-A-0 026 195 describes a hydraulic power wrench in which the ring piece which is non-rotatably connectable to the screw head to be rotated is easily detachably and interchangeably connected to the cylinder housing.
  • a longitudinal socket is provided on one side of the cylinder housing, into which a web-shaped plug-in part of the ring piece is inserted and secured by means of bolts.
  • the piston is supported on a fixed abutment.
  • a head piece containing a lever is not provided.
  • the detachable connection between the ring piece and the cylinder housing has the purpose of being able to move the ring piece after the piston stroke has ended and to be able to connect it to the cylinder housing in different positions because this power wrench has no ratchet and therefore requires frequent repositioning.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a hydraulic power wrench of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, in which the exchange of the head piece and / or cylinder housing is possible in a simple manner and in which the two parts mentioned are small in size and only in cover the absolutely necessary dimensions.
  • the head piece and cylinder housing can be plugged into one another, one of these parts having a socket and the other part having a plug-in part which fits into the socket.
  • Socket and plug-in part have blocking elements which lie in a plane running essentially parallel to the division plane.
  • the division plane is the plane at which the cylinder housing and the head piece abut each other and which runs transversely to the piston direction.
  • a straight line passing through the blocking parts lies in a plane which is essentially perpendicular to the direction of the piston. This ensures that the socket covers the plug-in part only over a relatively short length and can be made short.
  • the blocking parts can be inserted from the outside into the socket outside of the receiving space, so that no opening of the head piece is required in order to establish or release the connection to the cylinder housing.
  • the socket is preferably part of the ring piece, while the plug-in part is provided on the cylinder housing. This arrangement of socket and plug-in part can also be provided vice versa, the socket being provided on the cylinder housing and the plug-in part on the head piece.
  • the power wrench according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of the head piece 10 and the cylinder housing 11.
  • the head piece 10 has two parallel end walls 13 with bores in which the ring piece 14 is mounted.
  • the ring piece 14 has an inner profile 15 into which a shaft (not shown) can be inserted.
  • This shaft has an outer profile which corresponds to the inner profile 15.
  • the shaft can be inserted from both sides of the head piece 10.
  • the shaft protrudes out of the head piece 10 on one or both sides and carries a key nut so that it can be connected to the screw head to be rotated in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • a ratchet element 17 which consists of a wedge-shaped ratchet shoe and is arranged in a recess in the lever 18, interacts with an external toothing 16 of the ring element 14.
  • the lever 18 is mounted coaxially to the ring piece 14 and it can be pivoted relative to this ring piece around the common axis.
  • the ratchet element 17 can engage with a concave toothed surface 19 in the external toothing 16 of the ring piece 14.
  • the ratchet element 17 is supported on the flat surface of a hemispherical pressure piece 20 which is seated in a ball socket of the lever 18.
  • the ratchet element 17 can adjust freely to the external toothing 16 in all directions.
  • a spring 25 is attached to the plate 22, the end of which engages the pin 24 and thus pulls on the outer end of the ratchet element 17.
  • Another spring 26 attached to the lever 18 engages the inner end of the ratchet member 17 to engage the inner end of the tooth surface 19 with the outer tooth 16.
  • the ring piece 14 and the lever 18 are accommodated in a receiving space 27 of the housing of the head piece 10.
  • a spring 28 is supported on a wall of the head piece 10 and presses against the lever 18 and drives it in the direction of an opening 29 in the receiving space 27.
  • the lever 18 On the side facing the opening 29, the lever 18 is provided with a dome-shaped pressure piece 30, the outer surface of which forms the pressure surface of the lever 18 for engaging the piston.
  • This socket 32 serves to receive the plug part 33, which is provided at the front end of the cylinder housing 11.
  • the plug-in part 33 has two lugs 33a projecting on opposite sides from a cylindrical section of the cylinder housing.
  • the socket 32 is provided with two projections 32a which project on opposite sides and which protrude from a cylindrical receiving section 32b.
  • the hollow profile of the socket 32 is adapted to the peripheral profile of the plug part 33, so that the plug part 33 can fill the cavity of the socket 32.
  • blocking parts 34 in the form of cylinder bolts are used, which are inserted through corresponding openings 35 in the socket 32 and matching openings 36 in the projections 33a.
  • the blocking elements 34 can be easily pulled out of the openings 35 and 36 in order to separate the cylinder housing 11 from the head piece 10.
  • the division plane 37 between the head piece 10 and the cylinder housing 11 is the level at which the cylinder housing abuts the wall 31 and at which the transition between the cylinder housing and the head piece takes place.
  • the socket 32 which covers a part of the cylinder housing, is located on the cylinder side of the division plane 37, while the head piece 10 is otherwise arranged on the opposite side of the division plane.
  • the central axes of the blocking parts 34 run in a plane which is essentially parallel to the parting plane 37, the mount 32 only projecting over a short part of the front end of the cylinder housing 11.
  • the cylinder housing 11 has an outer jacket 38 which is formed in one piece with the plug-in part 33 and which forms a burst protection.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 39 in which the piston 40 is movable, is located in the jacket 38.
  • the piston 40 consists of the piston body 41 and the piston rod 42 projecting therefrom.
  • At the front end of the piston rod 42 there is a pressure piece 43.
  • the pressure piece 43 is mounted in a ball socket 44 of the piston rod 42 and it has a concave spherical surface 45, the rounding of which the convex curve of the pressure piece 30 is adapted.
  • the pressure piece 30 is pressed under the action of the spring 28 against the pressure piece 43, so that the lever 18 is held in contact with the piston 40 without there being a tight connection between the two parts.
  • the piston rod 42 is surrounded by a spring 46 which drives the piston 40 into the retracted position.
  • a hydraulic connection 47 At the rear end of the cylinder housing 11 there is a hydraulic connection 47 through which the cylinder 39 can be pressurized in order to advance the piston 40 in the direction of the lever 18. The piston is driven back by the spring 46 when the hydraulic pressure has ended.
  • the piston 40 In the retracted position, the piston 40 is flush with the front end of the cylinder housing 11, so that only the pressure piece 43 protrudes slightly from this cylinder housing. If the cylinder housing 11 is inserted into the socket 32, the pressure piece 43 abuts against the pressure piece 30, as a result of which the spring 28 is compressed slightly. In this state, the blocking parts 34 can be inserted into the openings 35 and 36. The power wrench is then ready for use.
  • the socket 32 consists of a laterally open hollow profile into which the plug 33 can be inserted transversely to the piston direction.
  • the lugs 33a of the plug-in part 33 and the hollow lugs 32a of the socket 32 are designed as dovetail profiles, but could also be rectangular web profiles.
  • the socket 32 has a wall 32c on the side opposite the open side, which limits the lateral insertion of the plug part 33.
  • the lugs 33a also form the blocking parts, which prevent the axial removal of the cylinder housing 11 from the head piece 10.
  • the coupling between the head piece 10 and the cylinder housing 11 is designed as a bayonet lock.
  • the socket 32 and the plug-in part 33 are essentially cylindrical.
  • the lugs 33a protruding from the body of the plug-in part 33 on opposite sides are inserted into lugs 32a of the socket 32.
  • Grooves 50 extend from the lugs 32a in the circumferential direction of the socket 32.
  • the plug-in part 33 has been advanced to the wall 31 and is then rotated, the Lugs 33a in the area of the grooves 50, whereby the cylinder housing 11 is locked to the head piece 10 in the manner of a quick-release fastener.
  • the lugs 33a serve as blocking parts.
  • the invention makes it possible to selectively combine different cylinder housings with different head pieces and to replace them quickly, it only being necessary that the sockets and plug-in parts fit together.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

Der hydraulischer Kraftschrauber weist ein Kopfstück (10) auf, in dem ein drehbar gelagertes Ringstück (14) zum drehfesten Verbinden mit einem Schraubenkopf enthalten ist. Der Antrieb des Ringstücks (14) erfolgt durch einen in einem Zylindergehäuse (11) untergebrachten Kolben. Kopfstück (10) und Zylindergehäuse (11) greifen mit einem Steckteil (33) und einer Fassung (32) ineinander, um das Kopfstück (10) leicht lösbar an dem Zylindergehäuse (11) befestigen zu können. Die Sicherung erfolgt durch Blockierteile (34). Damit kann das Kopfstück (10) wahlweise mit verschiedenen Zylindergehäusen (11) kombiniert werden.The hydraulic power wrench has a head piece (10), in which a rotatably mounted ring piece (14) is contained for the rotationally fixed connection with a screw head. The ring piece (14) is driven by a piston housed in a cylinder housing (11). The head piece (10) and the cylinder housing (11) engage with one another with a plug-in part (33) and a socket (32) in order to be able to fasten the head piece (10) to the cylinder housing (11) in an easily detachable manner. It is secured by blocking parts (34). This allows the head piece (10) to be combined with various cylinder housings (11).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen hydraulischen Kraft­schrauber der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 an­gegebenen Art.The invention relates to a hydraulic power wrench specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiger Kraftschrauber, wie er aus DE-U-84 35 272 bekannt ist, weist ein Kopfstück auf, das ein Ge­häuse bildet, in dessen Wänden ein Ringstück drehbar gelagert ist. An dem Ringstück greift ein eine Ratsche enthaltender Hebel an, der koaxial zu dem Ringstück gelagert ist. Das Gehäuse des Kopfstücks ist mit einem Zylindergehäuse lösbar verbunden, in welchem ein Kolben hydraulisch verschiebbar ist. Das Ende des Kolbens ist über ein Zugelement mit dem Hebel verbunden, so daß der Kolben den Hebel in beiden Bewegungsrichtungen mit­nehmen kann. Die lösbare Verbindung zwischen dem Ge­häuse des Kopfstücks und dem Zylindergehäuse erfolgt in der Weise, daß das Zylindergehäuse von außen in eine Fassung des Kopfstücks eingeschoben wird. Von dem Auf­ nahmeraum des Kopfstücks, also vom Inneren her, wird eine Hülse in das Zylindergehäuse eingeschraubt, welche sich an einem Stufenabsatz des Kopfstücks abstützt und somit das Herausziehen des Zylindergehäuses aus dem Kopfstück verhindert. Bei dem bekannten Kraftschrauber kann das Kopfstück in Verbindung mit einem von mehreren wählbaren Zylindergehäusen benutzt werden. Allerdings kann die Montage des Zylindergehäuses am Kopfstück praktisch nur beim Hersteller ausgeführt werden, weil hierzu das Kopfstück geöffnet werden muß.Such a power screwdriver, as is known from DE-U-84 35 272, has a head piece, which forms a housing, in the walls of which a ring piece is rotatably mounted. A lever containing a ratchet acts on the ring piece and is mounted coaxially to the ring piece. The housing of the head piece is detachably connected to a cylinder housing in which a piston can be moved hydraulically. The end of the piston is connected to the lever via a tension element, so that the piston can take the lever with it in both directions of movement. The detachable connection between the housing of the head piece and the cylinder housing takes place in such a way that the cylinder housing is inserted from the outside into a socket of the head piece. From the up Taking space of the head piece, that is, from the inside, a sleeve is screwed into the cylinder housing, which is supported on a step shoulder of the head piece and thus prevents the cylinder housing from being pulled out of the head piece. In the known power screwdriver, the head piece can be used in connection with one of several selectable cylinder housings. However, the assembly of the cylinder housing on the head piece can practically only be carried out by the manufacturer, because the head piece must be opened for this.

EP-A-0 026 195 beschreibt einen hydraulischen Kraft­schrauber, bei dem das drehfest mit dem zu drehenden Schraubenkopf verbindbare Ringstück leicht lösbar und auswechselbar mit dem Zylindergehäuse verbunden ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist an einer Seite des Zylindergehäuses eine längslaufende Fassung vorgesehen, in die ein steg­förmiges Steckteil des Ringstücks eingesetzt und mittels Bolzen gesichert wird. Bei diesem Kraft­schrauber ist der Kolben an einem ortsfesten Widerlager abgestützt. Ein Kopfstück, das einen Hebel enthält, ist nicht vorgesehen. Die lösbare Verbindung zwischen Ring­stück und Zylindergehäuse hat den Zweck, das Ringstück nach Beendigung des Kolbenhubes umsetzen und in unter­schiedlichen Positionen mit dem Zylindergehäuse ver­binden zu können, weil dieser Kraftschrauber keine Ratsche aufweist und somit ein häufiges Umsetzen er­fordert.EP-A-0 026 195 describes a hydraulic power wrench in which the ring piece which is non-rotatably connectable to the screw head to be rotated is easily detachably and interchangeably connected to the cylinder housing. For this purpose, a longitudinal socket is provided on one side of the cylinder housing, into which a web-shaped plug-in part of the ring piece is inserted and secured by means of bolts. In this power wrench, the piston is supported on a fixed abutment. A head piece containing a lever is not provided. The detachable connection between the ring piece and the cylinder housing has the purpose of being able to move the ring piece after the piston stroke has ended and to be able to connect it to the cylinder housing in different positions because this power wrench has no ratchet and therefore requires frequent repositioning.

Aus DE-A-36 20 753 ist ein hydraulischer Kraftschrauber bekannt, bei dem das Zylindergehäuse durch Schweißung fest mit dem Kopfstück verbunden ist und bei dem das Kopfstück eine Feder enthält, die den Hebel in Richtung auf den Kolben zieht und somit eine dauernde Anlage des Hebels am Kolben gewährleistet.From DE-A-36 20 753 a hydraulic power wrench is known in which the cylinder housing is firmly connected to the head piece by welding and in which the head piece contains a spring which pulls the lever in the direction of the piston and thus a permanent system of the Guaranteed lever on the piston.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen hydrau­lischen Kraftschrauber der im Oberbegriff des Patent­anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art zu schaffen, bei dem das Auswechseln von Kopfstück und/oder Zylindergehäuse auf einfache Weise möglich ist und bei dem die beiden ge­nannten Teile kleinformatig sind und sich nur in dem unbedingt erforderlichen Maße überdecken.The invention has for its object to provide a hydraulic power wrench of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, in which the exchange of the head piece and / or cylinder housing is possible in a simple manner and in which the two parts mentioned are small in size and only in cover the absolutely necessary dimensions.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 an­gegebenen Merkmalen.This object is achieved according to the invention with the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kraftschrauber sind Kopfstück und Zylindergehäuse ineinandersteckbar, wobei das eine dieser Teile eine Fassung und das andere Teil ein in die Fassung passendes Steckteil aufweist. Fassung und Steckteil weisen Blockierelemente auf, die in einer im wesentlichen parallel zur Teilungsebene verlaufenden Ebene liegen. Die Teilungsebene ist diejenige Ebene, an der Zylindergehäuse und Kopfstück gegeneinanderstoßen und die quer zur Kolbenrichtung verläuft. Eine durch die Blockierteile hindurchgehende Gerade liegt in einer Ebene, die im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Kolben­richtung verläuft. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die Fas­sung das Steckteil nur auf einer relativ kurzen Länge überdeckt und kurz ausgebildet sein kann.In the power wrench according to the invention, the head piece and cylinder housing can be plugged into one another, one of these parts having a socket and the other part having a plug-in part which fits into the socket. Socket and plug-in part have blocking elements which lie in a plane running essentially parallel to the division plane. The division plane is the plane at which the cylinder housing and the head piece abut each other and which runs transversely to the piston direction. A straight line passing through the blocking parts lies in a plane which is essentially perpendicular to the direction of the piston. This ensures that the socket covers the plug-in part only over a relatively short length and can be made short.

Wichtig ist, daß die Blockierteile außerhalb des Auf­nahmeraums von außen in die Fassung einführbar sind, so daß keine Öffnung des Kopfstücks erforderlich ist, um die Verbindung mit dem Zylindergehäuse herzustellen oder zu lösen.It is important that the blocking parts can be inserted from the outside into the socket outside of the receiving space, so that no opening of the head piece is required in order to establish or release the connection to the cylinder housing.

Dadurch, daß der Hebel durch eine Feder in Richtung auf den Kolben vorgespannt ist, ist eine zugfeste Ver­bindung zwischen Hebel und Kolben entbehrlich. Ein Vor­teil besteht darin, daß die Stelle, an der der Hebel gegen den Kolben stößt, bei zurückgezogenem Kolben in der Nähe der Teilungsebene liegt und daß keine die Teilungsebene übergreifenden Zugelemente benötigt werden, die zur Trennung des Zylindergehäuses vom Kopf­stück gelöst oder ausgehängt werden müßten. Mit dem Einführen des Steckteils in die Fassung gelangt zu­gleich der Kolben in Anlage an den vorgespannten Hebel. Zum Zusammenfügen von Kopfstück und Zylindergehäuse genügt daher eine einfache lineare Einsteckbewegung und ggf. noch ein Drehen des Zylindergehäuses, jedoch ist keine Verschwenkung oder Kippung des Zylindergehäuses erforderlich. Der Einsteckvorgang kann daher auf ein­fache Weise mit einem einzigen Handgriff und ohne fein­fühlige Manipulationen vorgenommen werden.Characterized in that the lever is biased towards the piston by a spring, a tensile connection between the lever and piston is unnecessary. An advantage is that the point at which the lever abuts the piston is near the parting plane when the piston is retracted, and that no pulling elements that cross the parting plane are required, which would have to be detached or unhooked from the head piece to separate the cylinder housing. When the plug-in part is inserted into the socket, the piston comes into contact with the pretensioned lever. A simple linear plug-in movement and possibly a turning of the cylinder housing is therefore sufficient to join the head piece and the cylinder housing, but no pivoting or tilting of the cylinder housing is necessary. The insertion process can therefore be carried out in a simple manner with a single movement and without sensitive manipulations.

Die Fassung ist vorzugsweise Bestandteil des Ring­stücks, während das Steckteil am Zylindergehäuse vor­gesehen ist. Diese Anordnung von Fassung und Steckteil kann aber auch umgekehrt vorgesehen sein, wobei die Fassung am Zylindergehäuse und das Steckteil am Kopf­stück vorgesehen ist.The socket is preferably part of the ring piece, while the plug-in part is provided on the cylinder housing. This arrangement of socket and plug-in part can also be provided vice versa, the socket being provided on the cylinder housing and the plug-in part on the head piece.

Im folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungs­form des Kraftschraubers,
  • Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Kraft­schraubers von Fig. 1 im gelösten Zustand,
  • Fig. 3 eine zweite Ausführungsform, bei der das Zu­sammenschieben von Kopfstück und Zylinder­gehäuse durch seitliches Einschieben erfolgt und
  • Fig. 4 eine dritte Ausführungsform mit Bajonett­verschluß.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the power wrench,
  • 2 is a perspective view of the power wrench of FIG. 1 in the released state,
  • Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment, in which the pushing together of the head piece and cylinder housing is carried out by lateral insertion and
  • Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment with a bayonet lock.

Der Kraftschrauber nach den Fign. 1 und 2 besteht aus dem Kopfstück 10 und dem Zylindergehäuse 11. Das Kopf­stück 10 weist zwei parallele Stirnwände 13 auf mit Bohrungen, in denen das Ringstück 14 gelagert ist. Das Ringstück 14 weist ein Innenprofil 15 auf, in welches eine (nicht dargestellte) Welle eingesteckt werden kann. Diese Welle hat ein Außenprofil, welches dem Innenprofil 15 entspricht. Die Welle kann von beiden Seiten des Kopfstücks 10 her eingesteckt werden. Die Welle ragt nach einer oder nach beiden Seiten aus dem Kopfstück 10 heraus und trägt eine Schlüsselnuß, damit sie drehfest mit dem zu drehenden Schraubenkopf ver­bunden werden kann.The power wrench according to FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of the head piece 10 and the cylinder housing 11. The head piece 10 has two parallel end walls 13 with bores in which the ring piece 14 is mounted. The ring piece 14 has an inner profile 15 into which a shaft (not shown) can be inserted. This shaft has an outer profile which corresponds to the inner profile 15. The shaft can be inserted from both sides of the head piece 10. The shaft protrudes out of the head piece 10 on one or both sides and carries a key nut so that it can be connected to the screw head to be rotated in a rotationally fixed manner.

Mit einer Außenverzahnung 16 des Ringelementes 14 wirkt ein Ratschenelement 17 zusammen, das aus einem keil­förmigen Ratschenschuh besteht und in einer Aussparung des Hebels 18 angeordnet ist. Der Hebel 18 ist koaxial zum Ringstück 14 gelagert und er kann relatiy zu diesem Ringstück um die gemeinsame Achse herum geschwenkt werden. Das Ratschenelement 17 kann mit einer konkav gestalteten verzahnten Fläche 19 in die Außenverzahnung 16 des Ringstücks 14 eingreifen. An seinem rückwärtigen Ende ist das Ratschenelement 17 an der ebenen Fläche eines halbkugelförmigen Druckstücks 20 abgestützt, welches in einer Kugelpfanne des Hebels 18 sitzt. Das Ratschenelement 17 kann sich in allen Richtungen frei auf die Außenverzahnung 16 einstellen. Es ist so orien­tiert, daß es bei einer Bewegung des Ringstücks 14 in der einen Drehrichtung von der Außenverzahnung 16 ab­hebt, so daß das Ringstück in dieser Richtung frei drehbar ist, und bei einer Drehung des Ringstücks 14 in Gegenrichtung mit seiner Verzahnung das Ringstück blockiert.A ratchet element 17, which consists of a wedge-shaped ratchet shoe and is arranged in a recess in the lever 18, interacts with an external toothing 16 of the ring element 14. The lever 18 is mounted coaxially to the ring piece 14 and it can be pivoted relative to this ring piece around the common axis. The ratchet element 17 can engage with a concave toothed surface 19 in the external toothing 16 of the ring piece 14. On his back At the end, the ratchet element 17 is supported on the flat surface of a hemispherical pressure piece 20 which is seated in a ball socket of the lever 18. The ratchet element 17 can adjust freely to the external toothing 16 in all directions. It is oriented in such a way that when the ring piece 14 moves in one direction of rotation it lifts off the external toothing 16, so that the ring piece can be freely rotated in this direction, and when the ring piece 14 rotates in the opposite direction, it blocks the ring piece with its toothing.

An dem Hebel 18 ist eine die Ausnehmung nach außen überdeckende Platte 22 befestigt, die einen Führungs­schlitz 23 für einen vom Ratschenelement 17 abstehenden Stift 24 enthält. Außerdem ist an der Platte 22 eine Feder 25 befestigt, deren Ende an dem Stift 24 angreift und die somit an dem äußeren Ende des Ratschenelementes 17 zieht. Eine weitere Feder 26, die am Hebel 18 be­festigt ist, greift an dem inneren Ende des Ratschen­elementes 17 an, um das innere Ende der Verzahnungs­fläche 19 mit der Außenverzahnung 16 in Eingriff zu bringen.A plate 22, which covers the recess to the outside and which contains a guide slot 23 for a pin 24 projecting from the ratchet element 17, is fastened to the lever 18. In addition, a spring 25 is attached to the plate 22, the end of which engages the pin 24 and thus pulls on the outer end of the ratchet element 17. Another spring 26 attached to the lever 18 engages the inner end of the ratchet member 17 to engage the inner end of the tooth surface 19 with the outer tooth 16.

Das Ringstück 14 und der Hebel 18 sind in einem Auf­nahmeraum 27 des Gehäuses des Kopfstücks 10 unter­gebracht. An einer Wand des Kopfstücks 10 ist eine Feder 28 abgestützt, die gegen den Hebel 18 drückt und diesen in Richtung auf eine Öffnung 29 des Aufnahme­raums 27 treibt. An der der Öffnung 29 zugewandten Seite ist der Hebel 18 mit einem kalottenförmigen Druckstück 30 versehen, dessen Außenfläche die Druck­fläche des Hebels 18 zum Angreifen des Kolbens bildet. An die die Öffnung 29 begrenzende Wand 31, die den Auf­ nahmeraum 27 begrenzt, schließt sich die Fassung 32 des Kopfstücks 10 an. Diese Fassung 32 dient zur Aufnahme des Steckteils 33, das am vorderen Ende des Zylinder­gehäuses 11 vorgesehen ist. Das Steckteil 33 weist zwei nach entgegengesetzten Seiten von einem zylindrischen Abschnitt des Zylindergehäuses abstehende Ansätze 33a auf. In gleicher Weise ist die Fassung 32 mit zwei nach entgegengesetzten Seiten abstehenden Ansätzen 32a ver­sehen, die von einem zylindrischen Aufnahmeabschnitt 32b abstehen. Das Hohlprofil der Fassung 32 ist dem Umfangsprofil des Steckteils 33 angepaßt, so daß das Steckteil 33 den Hohlraum der Fassung 32 ausfüllen kann. Zum Verriegeln des Zylindergehäuses 11 an dem Kopfstück 10 dienen Blockierteile 34 in Form von Zylinderbolzen, die durch entsprechende Öffnungen 35 der Fassung 32 und dazu passende Öffnungen 36 der An­sätze 33a hindurchgesteckt sind. Die Blockierelemente 34 können aus den Öffnungen 35 und 36 leicht heraus­gezogen werden, um das Zylindergehäuse 11 vom Kopfstück 10 zu trennen.The ring piece 14 and the lever 18 are accommodated in a receiving space 27 of the housing of the head piece 10. A spring 28 is supported on a wall of the head piece 10 and presses against the lever 18 and drives it in the direction of an opening 29 in the receiving space 27. On the side facing the opening 29, the lever 18 is provided with a dome-shaped pressure piece 30, the outer surface of which forms the pressure surface of the lever 18 for engaging the piston. At the opening 29 delimiting wall 31, which the on limited space 27, the version 32 of the head piece 10 follows. This socket 32 serves to receive the plug part 33, which is provided at the front end of the cylinder housing 11. The plug-in part 33 has two lugs 33a projecting on opposite sides from a cylindrical section of the cylinder housing. In the same way, the socket 32 is provided with two projections 32a which project on opposite sides and which protrude from a cylindrical receiving section 32b. The hollow profile of the socket 32 is adapted to the peripheral profile of the plug part 33, so that the plug part 33 can fill the cavity of the socket 32. To lock the cylinder housing 11 on the head piece 10, blocking parts 34 in the form of cylinder bolts are used, which are inserted through corresponding openings 35 in the socket 32 and matching openings 36 in the projections 33a. The blocking elements 34 can be easily pulled out of the openings 35 and 36 in order to separate the cylinder housing 11 from the head piece 10.

Die Teilungsebene 37 zwischen Kopfstück 10 und Zylindergehäuse 11 ist diejenige Ebene, an der das Zylindergehäuse gegen die Wand 31 stößt und an der der Übergang zwischen Zylindergehäuse und Kopfstück er­folgt. Die Fassung 32, die einen Teil des Zylinder­gehäuses überdeckt, befindet sich auf der zylinder­seitigen Seite der Teilungsebene 37, während das Kopf­stück 10 im übrigen auf der entgegengesetzten Seite von der Teilungsebene angeordnet ist. Die Mittelachsen der Blockierteile 34 verlaufen in einer Ebene, die im wesentlichen parallel zur Teilungsebene 37 ist, wobei die Fassung 32 nur einen kurzen Teil des vorderen Endes des Zylindergehäuses 11 überragt.The division plane 37 between the head piece 10 and the cylinder housing 11 is the level at which the cylinder housing abuts the wall 31 and at which the transition between the cylinder housing and the head piece takes place. The socket 32, which covers a part of the cylinder housing, is located on the cylinder side of the division plane 37, while the head piece 10 is otherwise arranged on the opposite side of the division plane. The central axes of the blocking parts 34 run in a plane which is essentially parallel to the parting plane 37, the mount 32 only projecting over a short part of the front end of the cylinder housing 11.

Das Zylindergehäuse 11 weist einen äußeren Mantel 38 auf, der zusammen mit dem Steckteil 33 einstückig aus­gebildet ist und der einen Berstschutz bildet. Im Mantel 38 befindet sich der Hydraulikzylinder 39, in dem der Kolben 40 bewegbar ist. Der Kolben 40 besteht aus dem Kolbenkörper 41 und der davon abstehenden Kolbenstange 42. Am vorderen Ende der Kolbenstange 42 befindet sich ein Druckstück 43. Das Druckstück 43 ist in einer Kugelpfanne 44 der Kolbenstange 42 gelagert und es weist eine konkave Kugelfläche 45 auf, deren Rundung der konvexen Rundung des Druckstücks 30 an­gepaßt ist. Das Druckstück 30 wird unter Wirkung der Feder 28 gegen das Druckstück 43 gedrückt, so daß der Hebel 18 in Anlage am Kolben 40 gehalten wird, ohne daß hierzu eine zugefeste Verbindung zwischen beiden Teilen vorhanden wäre.The cylinder housing 11 has an outer jacket 38 which is formed in one piece with the plug-in part 33 and which forms a burst protection. The hydraulic cylinder 39, in which the piston 40 is movable, is located in the jacket 38. The piston 40 consists of the piston body 41 and the piston rod 42 projecting therefrom. At the front end of the piston rod 42 there is a pressure piece 43. The pressure piece 43 is mounted in a ball socket 44 of the piston rod 42 and it has a concave spherical surface 45, the rounding of which the convex curve of the pressure piece 30 is adapted. The pressure piece 30 is pressed under the action of the spring 28 against the pressure piece 43, so that the lever 18 is held in contact with the piston 40 without there being a tight connection between the two parts.

Die Kolbenstange 42 ist von einer Feder 46 umgeben, die den Kolben 40 in die Rückzugsstellung treibt. Am rück­wärtigen Ende des Zylindergehäuses 11 befindet sich ein Hydraulikanschluß 47, durch den der Zylinder 39 mit Druck beaufschlagt werden kann, um den Kolben 40 in Richtung auf den Hebel 18 vorzutreiben. Das Zurück­treiben des Kolbens erfolgt durch die Feder 46, wenn der Hydraulikdruck beendet ist.The piston rod 42 is surrounded by a spring 46 which drives the piston 40 into the retracted position. At the rear end of the cylinder housing 11 there is a hydraulic connection 47 through which the cylinder 39 can be pressurized in order to advance the piston 40 in the direction of the lever 18. The piston is driven back by the spring 46 when the hydraulic pressure has ended.

Bei einer Druckbeaufschlagung des Kolbenkörpers 41 wird der Kolben 40 vorgetrieben. Dadurch wird der Hebel 18 entgegen der Wirkung der Feder 28 verschwenkt, wobei er über das Ratschenelement 17 das Ringstück 14 mitnimmt. Auf diese Weise wird die mit dem Ringstück 14 ge­koppelte Schraube gedreht. Bei Beendigung des hydrau­lischen Drucks wird der Kolben 40 zurückbewegt, wobei das Ratschenelement 17 über die Außenverzahnung 16 hin­weggleitet und das Ringstück nicht mitnimmt.When the piston body 41 is pressurized, the piston 40 is propelled. As a result, the lever 18 is pivoted against the action of the spring 28, taking the ring piece 14 with it via the ratchet element 17. In this way, the screw coupled to the ring piece 14 is rotated. When the hydraulic pressure ends, the piston 40 is moved back, the ratchet element 17 sliding over the external toothing 16 and not taking the ring piece with it.

In der Rückzugsstellung schließt der Kolben 40 bündig mit dem vorderen Ende des Zylindergehäuses 11 ab, so daß nur das Druckstück 43 geringfügig aus diesem Zylindergehäuse heraus vorsteht. Wird das Zylinder­gehäuse 11 in die Fassung 32 eingeschoben, dann stößt das Druckstück 43 gegen das Druckstück 30, wodurch die Feder 28 geringfügig zusammengedrückt wird. In diesem Zustand können die Blockierteile 34 in die Öffnungen 35 und 36 eingeschoben werden. Der Kraftschrauber ist dann zur Benutzung fertig.In the retracted position, the piston 40 is flush with the front end of the cylinder housing 11, so that only the pressure piece 43 protrudes slightly from this cylinder housing. If the cylinder housing 11 is inserted into the socket 32, the pressure piece 43 abuts against the pressure piece 30, as a result of which the spring 28 is compressed slightly. In this state, the blocking parts 34 can be inserted into the openings 35 and 36. The power wrench is then ready for use.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 3 besteht die Fas­sung 32 aus einem seitlich offenen Hohlprofil, in das das Steckteil 33 quer zur Kolbenrichtung einführbar ist. Die Ansätze 33a des Steckteils 33 und die hohlen Ansätze 32a der Fassung 32 sind als Schwalbenschwanz­profile ausgebildet, könnten aber auch rechteckige Stegprofile sein. Die Fassung 32 weist an derjenigen Seite, die der offenen Seite gegenüberliegt, eine Wand 32c, die das seitliche Einschieben des Steckteils 33 begrenzt. Die Ansätze 33a bilden zugleich die Blockier­teile, die das axiale Entfernen des Zylindergehäuses 11 von dem Kopfstück 10 verhindern.In the embodiment of Fig. 3, the socket 32 consists of a laterally open hollow profile into which the plug 33 can be inserted transversely to the piston direction. The lugs 33a of the plug-in part 33 and the hollow lugs 32a of the socket 32 are designed as dovetail profiles, but could also be rectangular web profiles. The socket 32 has a wall 32c on the side opposite the open side, which limits the lateral insertion of the plug part 33. The lugs 33a also form the blocking parts, which prevent the axial removal of the cylinder housing 11 from the head piece 10.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 4 ist die Kupplung zwischen Kopfstück 10 und Zylindergehäuse 11 als Bajonettverschluß ausgebildet. Die Fassung 32 und das Steckteil 33 sind im wesentlichen zylindrisch die nach entgegengesetzten Seiten von dem Körper des Steckteils 33 abstehenden Ansätze 33a werden in Ansätze 32a der Fassung 32 eingeschoben. Von den Ansätzen 32a er­strecken sich Nuten 50 in Umfangsrichtung der Fassung 32. Wenn das Steckteil 33 bis zur Wand 31 vorgeschoben worden ist und anschließend gedreht wird, gelangen die Ansätze 33a in den Bereich der Nuten 50, wodurch das Zylindergehäuse 11 nach Art eines Schnellverschlusses am Kopfstück 10 verriegelt wird. Auch hier dienen die Ansätze 33a als Blockierteile.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the coupling between the head piece 10 and the cylinder housing 11 is designed as a bayonet lock. The socket 32 and the plug-in part 33 are essentially cylindrical. The lugs 33a protruding from the body of the plug-in part 33 on opposite sides are inserted into lugs 32a of the socket 32. Grooves 50 extend from the lugs 32a in the circumferential direction of the socket 32. When the plug-in part 33 has been advanced to the wall 31 and is then rotated, the Lugs 33a in the area of the grooves 50, whereby the cylinder housing 11 is locked to the head piece 10 in the manner of a quick-release fastener. Here too, the lugs 33a serve as blocking parts.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht es, wahlweise unterschiedliche Zylindergehäuse mit unterschiedlichen Kopfstücken zu kombinieren und schnell auszuwechseln, wobei es ledig­lich erforderlich ist, daß die Fassungen und Steckteile zusammenpassen.The invention makes it possible to selectively combine different cylinder housings with different head pieces and to replace them quickly, it only being necessary that the sockets and plug-in parts fit together.

Claims (4)

1. Hydraulischer Kraftschrauber mit
einem Kopfstück (10), das in einem Aufnahmeraum (27) ein drehbar gelagertes Ringstück (14) auf­weist und einen koaxial zu dem Ringstück ge­lagerten Hebel (18) enthält, der zur Dreh­mitnahme an dem Ringstück (14) angreift,
und einem lösbar mit dem Kopfstück (10) ver­bundenen Zylindergehäuse (11), welches einen gegen den Hebel (18) anstoßenden Kolben (40) enthält,
wobei die Teilungsebene (37) zwischen Kopfstück (10) und Zylindergehäuse (11) quer zur Kolben­achse verläuft und eines dieser Teile eine Fassung (32) aufweist, in die ein Steckteil (33) des anderen Teiles verdrehungssicher ein­steckbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Steckteil (33) in der Fassung (32) durch mindestens zwei Blockierteile (34;33a) gesichert ist, die im Blockierzustand in einer gemeinsamen Ebene verlaufen, welche im wesent­lichen parallel zu der Teilungsebene (37) ist,
daß die Blockierteile (34;33a) außerhalb des Aufnahmeraumes (27) von außen in die Fassung (32) einführbar und bei entspanntem Zylinder leicht lösbar sind,
und daß der Hebel (18) durch eine am Kopfstück (10) abgestützte Feder (28) in Richtung auf den Kolben (40) vorgespannt ist und zwischen Hebel (18) und Kolben (40) keine zugfeste Verbindung vorhanden ist.1. Hydraulic power wrench with
a head piece (10) which has a rotatably mounted ring piece (14) in a receiving space (27) and contains a lever (18) which is mounted coaxially to the ring piece and which acts on the ring piece (14) for rotational driving,
and a cylinder housing (11) detachably connected to the head piece (10) and containing a piston (40) abutting against the lever (18),
the parting plane (37) between the head piece (10) and the cylinder housing (11) extends transversely to the piston axis and one of these parts has a socket (32) into which a plug-in part (33) of the other part can be inserted in a rotationally secure manner,
characterized,
that the plug-in part (33) is secured in the socket (32) by at least two blocking parts (34; 33a), which in the blocking state run in a common plane which is essentially parallel to the division plane (37),
that the blocking parts (34; 33a) can be inserted outside of the receiving space (27) into the socket (32) from the outside and can be easily released when the cylinder is relaxed,
and that the lever (18) is biased in the direction of the piston (40) by a spring (28) supported on the head piece (10) and there is no tension-resistant connection between the lever (18) and piston (40). 2. Hydraulischer Kraftschrauber nach Anspruch 1, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fassung (32) und das Steckteil (33) zwei nach entgegengesetzten Seiten radial abstehende Ansätze (32a,33a) aufweisen, durch die die Blockierteile (34) hindurchsteckbar sind.2. Hydraulic power wrench according to claim 1, characterized in that the socket (32) and the plug-in part (33) have two radially projecting projections (32a, 33a) on opposite sides, through which the blocking parts (34) can be inserted. 3. Hydraulischer Kraftschrauber nach Anspruch 1, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fassung (32) aus einem seitlich offenen Hohlprofil besteht, in das das Steckteil (33) quer zur Kolbenrichtung ein­führbar ist.3. Hydraulic power wrench according to claim 1, characterized in that the socket (32) consists of a laterally open hollow profile into which the plug-in part (33) can be inserted transversely to the piston direction. 4. Hydraulischer Kraftschrauber nach Anspruch 1, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fassung (32) und das Steckteil (33) durch einen Bajonettverschluß ver­bunden sind.4. Hydraulic power wrench according to claim 1, characterized in that the socket (32) and the plug-in part (33) are connected by a bayonet lock.
EP88116273A 1987-06-13 1988-10-01 Hydraulic power screw driver Expired - Lifetime EP0362415B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8888116273T DE3882371D1 (en) 1987-06-13 1988-10-01 HYDRAULIC SCREWDRIVER.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873719893 DE3719893A1 (en) 1987-06-13 1987-06-13 HYDRAULIC SCREWDRIVER

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EP0362415A1 true EP0362415A1 (en) 1990-04-11
EP0362415B1 EP0362415B1 (en) 1993-07-14

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ID=6329715

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88116273A Expired - Lifetime EP0362415B1 (en) 1987-06-13 1988-10-01 Hydraulic power screw driver

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5003847A (en)
EP (1) EP0362415B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3719893A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2042680T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3719893A1 (en) 1988-12-29
US5003847A (en) 1991-04-02
DE3882371D1 (en) 1993-08-19
ES2042680T3 (en) 1993-12-16
EP0362415B1 (en) 1993-07-14

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