EP0361038B1 - Procédé de dressage de produits allongés en métal, en particulier une bielle d'une machine à pistons alternatifs - Google Patents

Procédé de dressage de produits allongés en métal, en particulier une bielle d'une machine à pistons alternatifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0361038B1
EP0361038B1 EP89114612A EP89114612A EP0361038B1 EP 0361038 B1 EP0361038 B1 EP 0361038B1 EP 89114612 A EP89114612 A EP 89114612A EP 89114612 A EP89114612 A EP 89114612A EP 0361038 B1 EP0361038 B1 EP 0361038B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connecting rod
straightening
metal part
reciprocating
cold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89114612A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0361038A2 (fr
EP0361038A3 (en
Inventor
Franz Engelmohr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0361038A2 publication Critical patent/EP0361038A2/fr
Publication of EP0361038A3 publication Critical patent/EP0361038A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0361038B1 publication Critical patent/EP0361038B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/12—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts by stretching with or without twisting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/16—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts of specific articles made from metal rods, tubes, or profiles, e.g. crankshafts, by specially adapted methods or means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for straightening an elongated metal part according to the method steps described in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a method is known from DE-A 36 05 201 (or FR-A 25 78 457) for straightening elongated metal profiles of non-rotationally symmetrical cross sections.
  • the metal profile between the clamped end regions is loaded in tension in the longitudinal direction during the elastic deformation of this intermediate region and further twisted to correct the profile. While twisting is only used to correct the profile, the additional tensile load or stretching allows the metal profile to be permanently aligned only in the elastic deformation area.
  • DE-A 23 40 153 for permanent alignment to twist the metal part into the plastic region during the elastic straightening state.
  • the known straightening methods are unsatisfactory for dynamically highly stressed, elongated metal parts with a non-rotationally symmetrical cross section, in particular with regard to different stress gradients.
  • the connecting rod of a reciprocating piston machine can be considered as such a component.
  • the connecting rods are forged steel parts, particularly for conventional reciprocating piston internal combustion engines.
  • the connecting rods forged in a die are freed from the die burr in a punching tool immediately after removal from the die and fed to a tempering process with the available forging heat. Before the connecting rods are machined, they are straightened. Here, the connecting rod is pressed or knocked into the position to be straightened, the amount of elastic springback having to be bent over. This overbending adversely affects the dynamic strength of the connecting rod. This disadvantageous influence on the safety of the component must be taken into account by means of an appropriate structural design.
  • the invention has for its object to modify the generic method for straightening an elongated metal part such that an elongated metal part of any cross-section, such as a connecting rod of a reciprocating piston machine, is properly straightened in a simple and inexpensive manner, with the straightening an increase in dynamic Strength, especially the fatigue strength, is connected.
  • the metal part is cold-formed on the surface in an intermediate region during the stretching in the longitudinal direction - at most up to the yield point.
  • An advantage of the invention is that when straightening under tension with simultaneous cold deformation of the free surface of the metal part, it does not have to be bent over during straightening.
  • the material of the metal part in areas near the surface becomes predominantly longitudinal Plasticized direction. If the tensile load is removed from the metal part after the cold deformation of the surface has been carried out, only the inner material areas spring back elastically. As a result, high compressive residual stresses occur in the longitudinal direction in the plasticized outer material areas.
  • the straightening state of the metal part or of the connecting rod achieved by elastic deformation and by superimposed tensile load is frozen to a certain extent.
  • the straightening according to the invention with cold deformation of the surface of the metal part or of the connecting rod has the further advantage that there are forging errors in near-surface areas of the connecting rod and overlaps occurring when punching the die burr and furthermore surface defects of small depth in their strength-reducing effects due to the cold deformation of the surface can be compensated for and thus the committee is significantly reduced.
  • the cold forming creates residual compressive stress states that increase the dynamic strength. This increase can be used in a further advantageous manner for a not inconsiderable reduction in weight with unchanged operational reliability of the respective component.
  • the tensile force can be taken into account for the respective metal part (connecting rod), taking into account the shape number ( ⁇ K ). can be increased up to the yield point ( ⁇ S ) occurring in the area of a notch base caused in the metal part.
  • the tensile force or tensile load can be strain-controlled for a favorable use of material.
  • the elongated metal part is preferably a connecting rod specified as a tempered forged blank
  • the tensile force or tensile load can essentially be determined by the quality the yield strength resulting from the remuneration. With such a tensile load determined in such a way, a quality control is advantageously achieved at the same time.
  • the permissible deviations of the strain-controlled tensile load can be selected to be low.
  • the spread of the strain-controlled tensile loads allows a direct conclusion to be drawn about the quality of the compensation process or the cross-section.
  • a connecting rod for high-speed reciprocating internal combustion engines is made of steel and forged in a die. Immediately after removal from the die, the die ridge is removed from the connecting rod using a punching tool. The connecting rod, which is still hot, is fed into a remuneration process. In particular due to uneven removal when the tempered connecting rod cools, it is subject to delay. The connecting rod must be straightened before machining, especially the bearing bores in both connecting rod eyes.
  • the steel connecting rod which is in the forge-high but tempered condition with a ridge seam and surface defects, is clamped in a device on both connecting rod eyes arranged.
  • Both clamping devices of the device are designed and arranged in such a way that both connecting rod eyes are aligned with one another, this alignment taking place with elastic deformation of the connecting rod shaft connecting the connecting rod eyes.
  • the elastically deformed connecting rod shaft is then subjected to tension by means of the clamping devices, the tensile load being increased in a strain-controlled manner up to the yield point of the hardened connecting rod.
  • the tensile load superimposed on the elastic straightening state by a static tensile force corresponding to the yield point, the surface of the connecting rod shaft and its transitions to the connecting rod eyes are cold-deformed by means of shot peening.
  • the fatigue strength, in particular the fatigue strength, of the connecting rod is increased with the cold deformation of the surface.
  • a quality control is also achieved with the strain-controlled tensile load on the hardened connecting rod.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé pour le dressage d'un produit métallique allongé, en particulier d'une bielle pour moteurs à pistons alternatifs,
    - le produit métallique étant bloqué par ses zones terminales, et
    - les deux zones terminales du produit métallique étant calées l'une sur l'autre par déformation élastique de la zone intermédiaire lors de l'étirement concomitant,
    procédé caractérisé en ce que la zone intermédiaire (le corps de la bielle) est déformée à froid sur la surface pendant l'étirement dans le sens longitudinal
    - au maximum jusqu'à la limite d'élasticité -.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la déformation à froid de la surface de la zone intermédiaire a lieu par grenaillage avec un flux de particules dures ou lors de l'impact de particules agissant durement (liquide).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les particules dures sont des billes d'acier.
EP89114612A 1988-09-03 1989-08-08 Procédé de dressage de produits allongés en métal, en particulier une bielle d'une machine à pistons alternatifs Expired - Lifetime EP0361038B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3830028A DE3830028C1 (fr) 1988-09-03 1988-09-03
DE3830028 1988-09-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0361038A2 EP0361038A2 (fr) 1990-04-04
EP0361038A3 EP0361038A3 (en) 1990-11-14
EP0361038B1 true EP0361038B1 (fr) 1993-07-28

Family

ID=6362261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89114612A Expired - Lifetime EP0361038B1 (fr) 1988-09-03 1989-08-08 Procédé de dressage de produits allongés en métal, en particulier une bielle d'une machine à pistons alternatifs

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0361038B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3830028C1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2711407B1 (fr) * 1993-10-19 1996-01-26 Allevard Sa Perfectionnements aux barres de torsion métalliques.
DE102009005935B4 (de) 2009-01-23 2010-10-07 Danfoss Compressors Gmbh Verfahren zum Kalibrieren einer Pleuelstangenanordnung und Pleuelstangenanordnung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1320748A (en) * 1970-12-08 1973-06-20 Avco Corp Low penetration ball forming process
GB1403539A (en) * 1972-08-08 1975-08-28 Gkn Group Services Ltd Straightening elongated articles
GB2068277B (en) * 1980-01-24 1983-03-09 Transequip Ltd Method and apparatus for straightening plate pallets
FR2578457B1 (fr) * 1985-03-11 1987-05-22 Unimetall Sa Machine de traction pour le dressage et la relaxation des contraintes des rails en acier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58905031D1 (de) 1993-09-02
DE3830028C1 (fr) 1989-12-28
EP0361038A2 (fr) 1990-04-04
EP0361038A3 (en) 1990-11-14

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