EP0360360B1 - Wirbelrohr-Abscheider - Google Patents

Wirbelrohr-Abscheider Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0360360B1
EP0360360B1 EP89202391A EP89202391A EP0360360B1 EP 0360360 B1 EP0360360 B1 EP 0360360B1 EP 89202391 A EP89202391 A EP 89202391A EP 89202391 A EP89202391 A EP 89202391A EP 0360360 B1 EP0360360 B1 EP 0360360B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
housing
outlet conduit
fluid outlet
swirl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89202391A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0360360A2 (de
EP0360360A3 (de
Inventor
Hendrikus Egidius Antonia Van Den Akker
Cornelius Josephus Maria De Kort
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Publication of EP0360360A2 publication Critical patent/EP0360360A2/de
Publication of EP0360360A3 publication Critical patent/EP0360360A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0360360B1 publication Critical patent/EP0360360B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/103—Bodies or members, e.g. bulkheads, guides, in the vortex chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/081—Shapes or dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a swirl tube separator for the separation of solids from a mixture of fluid and solids.
  • the separation of solids from a mixture of fluid and solid particles using a swirl tube separator is based on different centrifugal forces acting on the fluid and the solids of the swirling mixture.
  • USA patent specification No. 3 636 682 discloses a swirl tube separator for separating solids from a mixture of fluid and solids, the separator comprising:
  • the inlet part which is the part between the top of the housing and the lower edge of the tangential inlet, extends to below the frustoconical section and even to below the inlet opening of the open-ended fluid outlet conduit.
  • Applicant has found that entrainment is reduced by selecting the specific length of the large diameter section of the fluid outlet conduit and the specific length of the inlet part of the housing so that the inlet of the open-ended fluid outlet conduit is below the inlet zone.
  • Applicant have also found that the separation efficiency of a swirl tube separator can be improved by selecting a larger ratio of the ratio of the distance from the free end of the small diameter section of the fluid outlet conduit to the location to which the swirl zone extends and the inner diameter of the cylindrical mid section of the housing.
  • the swirl tube separator according to the invention is characterized in that the specific distance from said free end of the small diameter section of the fluid outlet conduit to said location near the solids outlet opening to which the swirl zone extends is between 1.0 and 3.0, in that the specific length of the large diameter section of the fluid outlet conduit is between 1.0 and 1.4, and in that the specific length of the inlet part of the housing is between 0.50 and 0.70.
  • the swirl tube separator comprises a housing 1 having an inlet part 3 at its upper end and a solids outlet opening 5 at its lower end part.
  • the inlet part 3 is in communication with an inlet opening 9.
  • An open-ended fluid outlet conduit 11 extends concentrically into the housing 1.
  • the lower end of the fluid outlet conduit 11 is arranged between the inlet part 3 and the solids outlet opening 5.
  • the fluid outlet conduit 11 comprises a large diameter section in the form of a primary section 13, a downwardly tapering frustoconical section 15 joined to the lower end of the primary section 13, and a small diameter section in the form of a secondary section 17 joined to the lower end of the frustoconical section 15.
  • the largest inner diameter of the frustoconical section 15 is equal to the inner diameter of the primary section 13 and the smallest inner diameter of the frustoconical section 15 is equal to the inner diameter of the secondary section 17.
  • Swirl imparting means in the form of swirl vanes 19 are arranged in the inlet part 3 and between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the outer wall of the primary section 13 of the fluid outlet conduit 11.
  • a swirl zone 20 extends in the housing 1 between the swirl imparting means in the form of swirl vanes 19 and the solids outlet opening 5.
  • a mixture of gas and solid particles is introduced into the inlet part 3 through inlet opening 9.
  • the mixture flows downwardly between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the outer wall of the primary section 13 of the fluid outlet conduit 11, and passes the swirl vanes 19, which swirl vanes 19 impart a swirl to the mixture.
  • the swirling mixture forms a vortex in the swirl zone 20.
  • the swirling solid particles in the mixture are flung towards the inner wall of the housing 1 by the centrifugal forces acting on them. At the inner wall of the housing 1 the solid particles flow downwardly by gravitational forces. The solid particles are discharged from the swirl zone 20 through the solids outlet opening 5.
  • the gas in the vortex is withdrawn from the swirl zone 20 through the fluid outlet conduit 11.
  • the alternative swirl tube separator shown in Figure 2 is additionally provided with a vortex stabilizer 21 arranged at or near the solids outlet opening 5.
  • the vortex stabilizer 21 comprises a vortex stabilizer plate 23 arranged perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the housing 1, and a vortex finder rod 25 arranged parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the housing 1 and extending in the direction of the fluid outlet conduit 11.
  • Normal operation of the alternative swirl tube separator is similar to normal operation of the swirl tube separator with reference to Figure 1.
  • the function of the vortex stabilizer is to stabilize the vortex in the housing 1 and to delimit the lower end of the vortex.
  • the inlet part 3 of the housing 1 may alternatively be provided with swirl imparting means in the form of a tangential inlet (not shown).
  • Normal operation of a swirl tube separator provided with a tangential inlet is similar to normal operation of the swirl tube separator provided with swirl vanes 19.
  • the swirl tube separator according to the invention is similarly operated when a mixture of liquid and solid particles is introduced into the inlet part 3.
  • the discharge of solid particles through the fluid outlet conduit can be further reduced by choosing the dimensions of the swirl tube separator according to each of the following specifications: the specific length of the secondary section 17 of the fluid outlet conduit 11 to be between 0.25 and 1.0, the specific length of the frustoconical section 15 of the fluid outlet conduit 11 to be between 0.20 and 0.30, the specific inner diameter of the secondary section 17 of the fluid outlet conduit 11 to be between 0.20 and 0.40, the specific inner diameter of the primary section 13 of the fluid outlet conduit 11 to be between 0.55 and 0.75, the specific length of the primary section 13 of the fluid outlet conduit 11 to be between 1.0 and 1.4, and the specific length of the inlet part 3 to be between 0.50 and 0.70.
  • statin number is used to refer to the ratio of the tangential component of the mixture velocity to the axial component of the mixture velocity.
  • a mixture of gas and solid particles was supplied to the inlet part of the cylindrical housing.
  • the gas had a density of 1.23 kg/m3 and the pressure difference between the gas at the inlet part and in the fluid outlet conduit was 1930 Pa.
  • the swirl number of the mixture in the swirl zone near the swirl imparting means was 1.73.
  • the mixture contained 0.092 kg/m3 solid particles having a mean diameter of 14 ⁇ m. As a result it was found that 99.63% of the solid particles was discharged through the solids outlet opening and 0.37% through the fluid outlet conduit.
  • a mixture of gas and solid particles was supplied to the inlet part of the cylindrical housing.
  • the gas had a density of 1.23 kg/m3 and the pressure difference between the gas at the inlet part and in the fluid outlet conduit was 2000 Pa.
  • the swirl number of the mixture in the swirl zone near the swirl imparting means was 1.73.
  • the mixture contained 0.092 kg/m3 solid particles having a mean diameter of 14 ⁇ m. As a result it was found that 99.47% of the solid particles was discharged through the solids outlet opening and 0.53% through the fluid outlet conduit.
  • a mixture of gas and solid particles was supplied to the inlet part of the cylindrical housing.
  • the gas had a density of 1.23 kg/m3 and the pressure difference between the gas at the inlet part and in the fluid outlet conduit was 1980 Pa.
  • the swirl number of the mixture in the swirl zone near the swirl imparting means was 1.73.
  • the mixture contained 0.093 kg/m3 solid particles having a mean diameter of 14 ⁇ m. As a result it was found that 99.57% of the solid particles was discharged through the solids outlet opening and 0.43% through the fluid outlet conduit.
  • a mixture of gas and solid particles was supplied to the inlet part of the cylindrical housing.
  • the gas had a density of 1.23 kg/m3 and the pressure difference between the gas at the inlet part and in the fluid outlet conduit was 1920 Pa.
  • the swirl number of the mixture in the swirl zone near the swirl imparting means was 1.73.
  • the mixture contained 0.095 kg/m3 solid particles having a mean diameter of 14 ⁇ m. As a result it was found that 99.49% of the solid particles was discharged through the solids outlet opening and 0.51% through the fluid outlet conduit.
  • a mixture of gas and solid particles was supplied to the inlet part of the cylindrical housing.
  • the gas had a density of 1.23 kg/m3 and the pressure difference between the gas at the inlet part and in the fluid outlet conduit was 1830 Pa.
  • the swirl number of the mixture in the swirl zone near the swirl imparting means was 1.73.
  • the mixture contained 0.093 kg/m3 solid particles having a mean diameter of 14 ⁇ m. As a result it was found that 99.53% of the solid particles was discharged through the solids outlet opening and 0.47% through the fluid outlet conduit.
  • a mixture of gas and solid particles was supplied to the inlet part of the cylindrical housing.
  • the gas had a density of 1.23 kg/m3 and the pressure difference between the gas at the inlet part and at the fluid outlet conduit was 1260 Pa.
  • the swirl number of the mixture in the swirl zone near the swirl imparting means was 1.73.
  • the mixture contained 0.093 kg/m3 solid particles having a mean diameter of 14 ⁇ m. As a result it was found that 98.92% of the solid particles was discharged through the solids outlet opening and 1.08% through the fluid outlet conduit.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Wirbelrohr-Abscheider zum Abscheiden oder Abtrennen von Feststoffen aus einem Gemisch aus Fluid und Feststoffen, wobei der Abscheider umfaßt:
    - ein Gehäuse (1), welches einen zylindrischen Mittelabschnitt hat;
    - eine Einlaßöffnung (9) für das Gemisch, die nahe einem ersten Ende des Gehäuses angeordnet ist;
    - einen Einlaßteil (3), der mit der Einlaßöffnung in Verbindung steht;
    - eine Feststoffauslaßöffnung (5), die nahe einem zweiten Ende des Gehäuses angeordnet ist;
    - eine Fluidauslaßleitung (11), die in dem Gehäuse konzentrisch angeordnet ist, wobei die Auslaßleitung einen Abschnitt (17) kleinen Durchmessers, einen Abschnitt (13) großen Durchmessers und einen kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt (15) hat zum Verbinden des Abschnitts (17) kleinen Durchmessers und des Abschnitts großen Durchmessers, und wobei der Abschnitt kleinen Durchmessers ein freies Ende hat, welches sich in direkter Fluidverbindung mit dem Inneren des Gehäuses befindet, und der Abschnitt großen Durchmessers sich durch das erste Ende des Gehäuses erstreckt; und
    - eine Wirbelzone (20), die sich beim Betrieb des Abscheiders durch das Innere des Gehäuses erstreckt von einer Stelle nahe der Einlaßöffnung (9) zu einer Stelle nahe der Feststoffauslaßöffnung (5),
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       daß der spezifische Abstand von dem freien Ende des Abschnitts (17) kleinen Durchmessers der Fluidauslaßleitung (11) zu der genannten Stelle nahe der Feststoffauslaßöffnung (5), zu welcher die Wirbelzone (20) sich erstreckt, zwischen 1,0 und 3,0 liegt, die spezifische Länge des Abschnitts (13) großen Durchmessers der Fluidauslaßleitung zwischen 1,0 und 1,4 liegt, und daß die spezifische Länge des Einlaßteils (3) des Gehäuses zwischen 0,50 und 0,70 liegt, wobei die Ausdrücke ''spezifischer Abstand'', ''spezifische Länge'' und ''spezifischer Innendurchmesser'' sich auf das Verhältnis des genannten Abstandes, der genannten Länge und des genannten Innendurchmessers zu dem Innendurchmesser des zylindrischen Mittelabschnitts des Gehäuses beziehen.
  2. Abscheider nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Stelle nahe der Feststoffauslaßöffnung (5), zu welcher die Wirbelzone (20) sich erstreckt, durch die Stelle definiert ist, an welcher ein Wirbelstabilisator (21) in dem Gehäuse angebracht ist.
  3. Abscheider nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Feststoffauslaßöffnung (5) durch einen sich verjüngenden kegelstumpfförmigen Endabschnitt des Gehäuses gebildet ist und die Stelle, zu welcher die Wirbelzone (20) sich erstreckt, durch das stromabwärtige Ende des kegelstumpfförmigen Endabschnitts des Gehäuses gebildet ist.
  4. Abscheider nach Anspruch 1, wobei Wirbelerteilungsmittel (19) in einem Einlaßteil des Gehäuses angeordnet sind, wobei dieser Einlaßteil nahe dem ersten Ende des Gehäuses angeordnet ist.
  5. Wirbelrohr-Abscheider nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die spezifische Länge des Abschnitts (17) kleinen Durchmessers der Fluidauslaßleitung (11) zwischen 0,25 und 1,0 liegt.
  6. Wirbelrohr-Abscheider nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die spezifische Länge des kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitts (15) der Fluidauslaßleitung (11) zwischen 0,`20 und 0,30 liegt.
  7. Wirbelrohr-Abscheider nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei der spezifische Innendurchmesser des Abschnitts (17) kleinen Durchmessers der Fluidauslaßleitung (11) zwischen 0,20 und 0,40 liegt.
  8. Wirbelrohr-Abscheider nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei der spezifische Innendurchmesser des Abschnitts (13) großen Durchmessers der Fluidauslaßleitung (11) zwischen 0,55 und 0,75 liegt.
  9. Wirbelrohr-Abscheider nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei der größte Innendurchmesser des kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitts (15) gleich oder kleiner als der Innendurchmesser des Abschnitts (13) kleinen Durchmessers der Fluidauslaßleitung (11) ist.
EP89202391A 1988-09-22 1989-09-21 Wirbelrohr-Abscheider Expired - Lifetime EP0360360B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB888822348A GB8822348D0 (en) 1988-09-22 1988-09-22 Swirl tube separator
GB8822348 1988-09-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0360360A2 EP0360360A2 (de) 1990-03-28
EP0360360A3 EP0360360A3 (de) 1991-01-30
EP0360360B1 true EP0360360B1 (de) 1994-03-16

Family

ID=10644103

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89202391A Expired - Lifetime EP0360360B1 (de) 1988-09-22 1989-09-21 Wirbelrohr-Abscheider

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0360360B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2907458B2 (de)
KR (1) KR0152963B1 (de)
AU (1) AU616800B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1336899C (de)
DE (1) DE68913882T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2050785T3 (de)
GB (1) GB8822348D0 (de)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0486560U (de) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-28
US5357816A (en) * 1992-02-07 1994-10-25 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Shock detecting device
JPH05221284A (ja) * 1992-02-14 1993-08-31 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 衝撃感知装置
US5483846A (en) * 1992-11-02 1996-01-16 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Impact sensing apparatus
JP3625980B2 (ja) * 1997-03-12 2005-03-02 株式会社日立製作所 ガス中の固体成分を分離するサイクロンシステム
US7648544B2 (en) 2002-07-19 2010-01-19 Shell Oil Company Swirl tube separator
BR0312777A (pt) * 2002-07-19 2005-05-03 Shell Int Research Separador e processo de separar sólidos de uma mistura gasosa carregada de sólidos
JP2010501033A (ja) 2006-08-18 2010-01-14 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ 粒子含有ガス流から粒子を分離する方法
CN101678370B (zh) * 2007-06-01 2012-12-26 国际壳牌研究有限公司 气固分离器
WO2016156947A1 (en) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-06 Reliance Industries Limited A gas-solid separator and a process for gas-solid separation
CN112146087B (zh) * 2020-09-17 2023-02-17 北京盛赢节能技术有限公司 一种用于循环流化床换热器的分离器
WO2024047123A1 (en) * 2022-08-30 2024-03-07 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Swirl reactor

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2667944A (en) * 1949-12-10 1954-02-02 Combustion Eng Cyclone separator
US2890764A (en) * 1953-12-07 1959-06-16 Gerald D Arnold Method and apparatus for centrifugal separation with uni-directional flow at the point of separation
US3273320A (en) * 1963-07-15 1966-09-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Cyclone separator for high temperature operations
US3636682A (en) * 1968-03-08 1972-01-25 Phillips Petroleum Co Cyclone separator
EP0108058A4 (de) * 1982-05-07 1985-06-26 Bauer Bros Co Hydrozyklon mit wechselsprung im überlaufteil.
US4455220A (en) * 1982-12-23 1984-06-19 Shell Oil Company Separation of fluid cracking catalyst particles from gaseous hydrocarbons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2050785T3 (es) 1994-06-01
DE68913882T2 (de) 1994-06-30
JPH02115056A (ja) 1990-04-27
EP0360360A2 (de) 1990-03-28
JP2907458B2 (ja) 1999-06-21
CA1336899C (en) 1995-09-05
AU4159189A (en) 1990-03-29
AU616800B2 (en) 1991-11-07
EP0360360A3 (de) 1991-01-30
KR900004408A (ko) 1990-04-12
DE68913882D1 (de) 1994-04-21
GB8822348D0 (en) 1988-10-26
KR0152963B1 (ko) 1998-10-15

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