EP0358115B1 - Bipartite final brick - Google Patents

Bipartite final brick Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0358115B1
EP0358115B1 EP89116118A EP89116118A EP0358115B1 EP 0358115 B1 EP0358115 B1 EP 0358115B1 EP 89116118 A EP89116118 A EP 89116118A EP 89116118 A EP89116118 A EP 89116118A EP 0358115 B1 EP0358115 B1 EP 0358115B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylindrical body
terminal brick
section
terminal
brick according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89116118A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0358115A3 (en
EP0358115A2 (en
Inventor
Sabine Dipl.-Ing. Altpeter
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Grabner
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Vacek
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RHI AG
Original Assignee
Radex Heraklith Industriebeteiligungs AG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT89116118T priority Critical patent/ATE81359T1/en
Publication of EP0358115A2 publication Critical patent/EP0358115A2/en
Publication of EP0358115A3 publication Critical patent/EP0358115A3/en
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Publication of EP0358115B1 publication Critical patent/EP0358115B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C5/445—Lining or repairing the taphole
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/19—Arrangements of devices for discharging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/145—Assembling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1518—Tapholes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refractory ceramic end stone for use as an outlet-side end section of a tapping system, in particular on steel converters or electric furnaces, comprising a plurality of refractory ceramic shaped stones arranged one behind the other, which together enclose a through opening for the molten steel.
  • Tapping systems of this type are known both in converters, for example LD converters or floor-piercing electric furnaces, but also in non-ferrous metal units, for example from AT-PS 326 164 or EP-OS 171 658.
  • the individual shaped stones of the tapping often have a cylindrical shape, but can also be designed differently be and are often connected to each other via tongue and groove connections for reasons of simplification of assembly and formation of a cylindrical through-channel for the molten metal.
  • a closure plate is often provided at the outlet end of the tapping system and, before the melting unit is filled, loose, dry, refractory granules are poured into the passage and secured against leakage by the metal plate on the bottom.
  • the plate not only prevents the granules from flowing downwards, but also absorbs the static pressure of the molten metal later on.
  • the plate is simply moved sideways or rotated. As soon as the granulate has run out, the molten metal follows the path through the rack, for example into a pan.
  • a pouring sleeve which is extended downwards (in the flow direction of the melt) by a second, multi-part pouring sleeve.
  • the individual sections of the lower sleeve are each assembled in metal frames and connected to one another on the frame.
  • the invention now aims to show a way in which the durability of tapping systems of the type mentioned can be increased.
  • An essential feature of the invention consists first of all in dividing the end stone into two Sections. This subdivision is carried out so that the lower section covers the area that is particularly at risk from the erosions mentioned. As a rule, this will only be a small end section.
  • the cylindrical body should have a lower height than the upper section and the shape of a round disk with a flow opening.
  • this lower section is detachable (interchangeable) in such a way that it can be removed downwards (as seen in the flow direction of the melt) without the upper section of the end stone and the shaped stones arranged above it being broken or otherwise would have to be dismantled.
  • the major part of the racking can be used immediately for further batches and only the last lower end section is repaired or exchanged for a new one.
  • the repair effort and the repair time compared to known repair methods is greatly reduced, since only the replacement of the bottom end section, which is easily accessible from the outside, is necessary, which nevertheless lies in a common steel frame with the upper section of the end block.
  • At least the end stone is held circumferentially in a corresponding steel frame, as is also evident from EP-OS 171 658.
  • one of the lower cylindrical bodies (the disk) is attached to the corresponding lower end of the steel frame
  • the cylindrical body has a metal sleeve on the circumference, which has corresponding locking means for fastening to the steel frame.
  • these locking means can consist of an external thread, preferably a cord thread expressed from the metal sleeve, by means of which the cylindrical body is releasably fixed in relation to a corresponding internal thread in the area of the steel frame.
  • the cylindrical body is then practically screwed into the steel frame until its upper end face abuts the lower end face of the upper end section. It is also possible to fasten the cylindrical body with the help of wedges which are hammered in from below between the body and the steel frame.
  • an elastic intermediate layer can be placed on the upper end face of the cylindrical section, for example a fire-resistant ceramic fiber mat (which of course also has a central passage opening) and which is then pressed together between the lower and upper end stone section.
  • a fire-resistant ceramic fiber mat which of course also has a central passage opening
  • the end stone section above shows signs of erosion, it can now be repaired using a known repair compound, for example, using the new end plate as a template.
  • At least two, preferably three or more radially projecting pins are attached to the outer circumferential surface of the metal sleeve.
  • the corresponding section of the steel frame then has corresponding receiving slots which have an opening width equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the pins and the cylindrical body is then inserted with its radially projecting pins into the receiving slots and fixed there.
  • the receiving slots are preferably designed such that they extend upwards from the lower end face of the steel frame in a curved path and then merge into a largely horizontal section. It is a bayonet type closure.
  • the metal sleeve can be shrunk onto the ceramic body, but the ceramic cylindrical section can also be glued or inserted into the sleeve, preferably using a suitable mortar.
  • the steel sleeve is drawn around the underside of the cylindrical body and engages under the body on a partial surface.
  • the lower part of the sleeve protrudes over the lower end face of the ceramic body, so that a cylindrical cavity is formed here after the bottom cover plate of the tapping system has been closed.
  • This cavity can be filled in that, for example, a fireproof ceramic mat corresponding in its dimensions to the cavity is arranged on the cover plate, which also prevents the granules from trickling out (as described above).
  • cylindrical body can also be extended downward on its lower part, which is not covered by the metal sleeve, so that the lower end face of the lower end block section is then flush with the lower end face of the sleeve.
  • the lower and upper end section can be made of the same materials.
  • the lower section which is particularly at risk of erosion, is preferably made of a material which has a higher stability against erosions than the material of the upper section.
  • the lower disc can be an isostatically pressed part.
  • the design of a final stone according to the invention also enables simultaneous inert gas flushing in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • Corresponding essentially radially extending through channels can be arranged in the ceramic lower section, which are connected to one another on the outside via a common ring channel which has a connection area via which an inert gas line is connected.
  • a corresponding opening for the gas supply line is then provided in the steel frame and the gas connection is arranged in the cylindrical body in such a way that, after the lower section has been fixed on the upper section of the end stone, it lies directly in front of the opening in the steel frame and the gas line can thus be connected directly .
  • the gas supply channels do not run exactly radially, but between a radial and tangential assignment to the inner circumferential surface of the through opening, as a result of which a circulating flow of the inert gas, for example argon, can be set.
  • the arrangement of the channels in the region of the upper end face of the lower section is preferred.
  • the lower section of the end stone 10 of a tapping system is shown.
  • the end block 10 consists of an upper section 12 and a lower section 14.
  • the end block 10 is seated in a steel frame 16.
  • the upper section 12 of the end stone 10 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is conically somewhat tapered in its lower part at 18 and lies there on a corresponding, inclined step 20 of the steel frame 16.
  • the upper section 12 has a central, cylindrical through opening 22.
  • a cylindrical part 24 of the steel frame 16 adjoins the step 20 which slopes inwards.
  • the lower section 14 of the end stone 10 lies in this cylindrical part 24.
  • the lower section 14 also has the shape of a cylindrical section with a through opening 26 corresponding to the through opening 22 and consists of a refractory ceramic body 14a, which lies over a refractory mortar in a metal sleeve 28 which surrounds the ceramic body 14a on the circumferential and underside in the edge region borders.
  • the ceramic body 14a is extended downward in the area not covered by the metal sleeve 28 (FIG. 14b).
  • the metal sleeve 28 has on the circumference three metal pins 30 which are arranged at an angle of 120 degrees to one another and which are welded to the metal sleeve 28.
  • the pins 30 lie in corresponding receiving slots 32 which are formed on the inside in the steel frame 16.
  • the receiving slots 32 initially run axially upward from the lower end face 34 (36a), then merge into a curved section 36b and finally end in a parallel to the lower end face 34 arranged end portion 36c.
  • the lower section 14 When the lower section 14 is assembled, it is thus guided with the pins 30 along the receiving slots in a rotating movement in the direction of the upper section 12 until the pins 30 abut against the rear end face of the receiving slots 32.
  • the assembly can be carried out by means of a tool, and corresponding anchoring holes can be provided in the lower end face of the metal sleeve.
  • the dimensioning of the lower section 14, the pins 30 and the receiving slots 32 is chosen so that the lower section 14, at the moment when the pins 30 abut or shortly before the rear end of the receiving slots 32, directly and sealingly against the upper one Section 12 of the end stone 10 is present.
  • a thin elastic intermediate layer can be arranged between the lower section 14 and the upper section 12, for example a refractory ceramic fiber fleece.
  • the lower section 14 can easily be unscrewed from the outside in the opposite way to that during assembly and replaced by a new section 14.
  • the racking system is then immediately available for further castings.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 2 corresponds with one exception to that according to FIG. 1.
  • the difference is that the lower section 14 is designed as a disk of constant height, so that between the lower end face 40 of the cylindrical body 14 and the lower end face 42 of the metal sleeve 28 a cylindrical cavity 44 is formed.
  • an elastic, fireproof ceramic fiber mat is preferably placed on the lower metal cover (not shown) of the tapping system upset that in their Dimensions corresponds to the cavity 44 and fills it accordingly, as long as the metal cover is in the closed position.
  • FIG. 3 finally corresponds to that according to FIG. 2 with a further exception.
  • a plurality of channels 48 extend from the upper end face 46 of the cylindrical section 14 into the refractory material and these channels have an orientation which lies between a radial and a tangential position with respect to the inner wall 50 of the through opening 26, like the lower part of FIG Figure 3 shows easily.
  • the channels 48 open with their inner end in the through opening 26 and with their outer end in a circumferential annular channel 52, which has at 54 a connecting piece 56 which extends through the metal sleeve 28 and is in a position which is determined by the lower Section 14 is opposite the upper section 12 of the end block 10 directly opposite a radial opening 58 in the steel frame 16, so that at this point a gas supply line 60 can be carried out through the opening 58 and placed on the connecting piece 56.
  • later operation i.e.
  • an inert gas such as argon
  • argon is flushed in via the gas supply line 60, which is then injected into the through-opening 26 via the ring channel 52 and the channels 48 in order to avoid oxidation of the Molten metal.
  • an additional ring channel can be provided for injecting the inert gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a fireproof ceramic terminal brick for a tapping system in particular in steel converters or electric furnaces composed of several fireproof ceramic founder's bricks arranged in a row, together enclosing a passage opening for the steel smelt, thereby characterized in that the terminal brick is formed in two pieces vertical to the direction of flow of the steel smelt and the lower section in the direction of flow of the smelt is formed as a cylindrical body that can be pressed firmly against the upper section of the terminal brick, arranged above it, in such a way as to seal but remaining detachable from it.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen feuerfesten keramischen Endstein zur Verwendung als auslaufseitiger Endabschnitt eines Abstichsystems, insbesondere an Stahl-Konvertern oder -Elektroöfen, aus mehreren, hintereinander angeordneten feuerfesten keramischen Formsteinen, die zusammen eine Durchgangsöffnung für die Stahlschmelze umschließen.The invention relates to a refractory ceramic end stone for use as an outlet-side end section of a tapping system, in particular on steel converters or electric furnaces, comprising a plurality of refractory ceramic shaped stones arranged one behind the other, which together enclose a through opening for the molten steel.

Abstichsysteme dieser Art sind sowohl bei Konvertern, zum Beispiel LD-Konvertern oder bodenabstechenden Elektroöfen, aber auch Nichteisen-Metallaggregaten bekannt, zum Beispiel aus der AT-PS 326 164 oder der EP-OS 171 658.Tapping systems of this type are known both in converters, for example LD converters or floor-piercing electric furnaces, but also in non-ferrous metal units, for example from AT-PS 326 164 or EP-OS 171 658.

Die einzelnen Formsteine des Abstiches weisen häufig eine Zylinderform auf, können aber auch anders gestaltet sein und sind aus Gründen der Montagevereinfachung und Ausbildung eines zylindrischen Durchgangskanals für die Metallschmelze häufig über Nut/Feder-Verbindungen miteinander verbunden.The individual shaped stones of the tapping often have a cylindrical shape, but can also be designed differently be and are often connected to each other via tongue and groove connections for reasons of simplification of assembly and formation of a cylindrical through-channel for the molten metal.

Wie sich aus der EP-OS 171 658 ergibt, ist am auslaßseitigen Ende des Abstichsystems häufig eine Verschlußplatte vorgesehen und vor der Befüllung des Schmelzaggregates wird ein loses, trockenes, feuerfestes Granulat in den Durchlaßkanal eingefüllt und durch die bodenseitige Metallplatte gegen Ausfließen gesichert. Die Platte verhindert aber nicht nur das Abfließen des Granulates nach unten, sondern nimmt gleichzeitig später den statischen Druck der Metallschmelze auf. Zum Öffnen und Schließen der Abstichöffnung wird die Platte einfach seitlich verschoben oder gedreht. Sobald das Granulat dann ausgelaufen ist, folgt die Metallschmelze dem Weg durch den Abstich zum Beispiel in eine Pfanne.As can be seen from EP-OS 171 658, a closure plate is often provided at the outlet end of the tapping system and, before the melting unit is filled, loose, dry, refractory granules are poured into the passage and secured against leakage by the metal plate on the bottom. However, the plate not only prevents the granules from flowing downwards, but also absorbs the static pressure of the molten metal later on. To open and close the tap opening, the plate is simply moved sideways or rotated. As soon as the granulate has run out, the molten metal follows the path through the rack, for example into a pan.

In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, daß es insbesondere am auslaufseitigen Ende des Abstiches oder anders ausgedrückt am auslaufseitigen (unteren) Ende des Endsteines des Abstichsystems in besonderem Maße durch die auslaufende Metallschmelze zu Erosionen kommt. Hierdurch ist die exakte Führung des Gießstrahls nicht mehr möglich, der Gießstrahl "flattert".In practice, it has been shown that in particular at the outlet end of the tapping or, in other words, at the outlet (lower) end of the end stone of the tapping system, erosion occurs to a particular extent as a result of the molten metal. As a result, the exact guidance of the pouring jet is no longer possible, the pouring jet "flutters".

Schließlich bringen zunehmende Erosionen die Gefahr mit sich, daß das Granulat und/oder die Metallschmelze unbeabsichtigt schon vor dem Öffnen des Ausgusses austreten.Finally, increasing erosions entail the risk that the granules and / or the molten metal may inadvertently escape before the pouring spout is opened.

Diese Gefahr wird zusätzlich dadurch erhöht, daß das Bedienungspersonal zwischen den einzelnen Abstichen das ausflußseitige Ende des Abstiches "putzt" und dabei vor allen Dingen von anhaftenden Schlacketeilchen oder Ansätzen, die sich dort gebildet haben, reinigt, um für den nächsten Abstich wieder eine sichere Abdichtung der Bodenplatte zu gewährleisten. Auch hierbei wird jedoch zusätzliches Steinmaterial des Abstiches weggerissen und dieser Bereich damit zusätzlich aufgeweitet.This danger is further increased by the fact that the operating personnel "cleans" the discharge end of the tapping between the individual taps and above all, it removes adhering slag particles or deposits that have formed there to ensure that the base plate is securely sealed again for the next tapping. Here too, however, additional stone material from the rack is torn away and this area is additionally widened.

Dies alles hat zur Folge, daß teilweise nicht die gewünschten 100 oder 150 Chargen gegossen werden können, sondern der Abstich schon vorher ausgebessert oder erneuert werden muß.All of this means that sometimes the desired 100 or 150 batches cannot be cast, but the racking must be repaired or renewed beforehand.

Dabei müssen dann entweder der Endstein selbst oder sämtliche Formsteine des Abstiches ausgebrochen und erneuert werden, obwohl im Grunde genommen nur der auslaßseitige Endabschnitt reparaturbedürftig ist.Then either the end stone itself or all shaped stones of the tapping must be broken out and renewed, although basically only the end section on the outlet side needs repair.

Aus der GB-A-549 212 ist eine Ausgußhülse bekannt, die durch eine zweite, mehrteilige Ausgußhülse nach unten (in Fließrichtung der Schmelze) verlängert wird. Die einzelnen Abschnitte der unteren Hülse sind jeweils in Metallrahmen konfektioniert und untereinander an den Rahmen verbunden.From GB-A-549 212 a pouring sleeve is known which is extended downwards (in the flow direction of the melt) by a second, multi-part pouring sleeve. The individual sections of the lower sleeve are each assembled in metal frames and connected to one another on the frame.

Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, eine Möglichkeit aufzuzeigen, wie die Haltbarkeit von Abstichsystemen der genannten Art erhöht werden kann. Dabei geht es insbesondere darum, die im wesentlichen noch brauchbaren Teile des Abstiches für weitere Chargen zu erhalten und/oder eine Reparaturmöglichkeit des Abstiches zu schaffen beziehungsweise eine Reparatur zu vereinfachen.The invention now aims to show a way in which the durability of tapping systems of the type mentioned can be increased. In particular, it is a matter of maintaining the parts of the rack which are still essentially usable for further batches and / or of creating a repair option for the rack or of simplifying a repair.

Die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 beschreiben die gefundene Lösung.The features of claim 1 describe the solution found.

Ein wesentliches Merkmal der Erfindung besteht danach zunächst in der Unterteilung des Endsteines in zwei Abschnitte. Diese Unterteilung wird dabei so vorgenommen, daß der untere Abschnitt den Bereich abdeckt, der in besonderem Maße durch die genannten Erosionen gefährdet ist. In der Regel wird dies nur ein kleiner, endseitiger Abschnitt sein.An essential feature of the invention consists first of all in dividing the end stone into two Sections. This subdivision is carried out so that the lower section covers the area that is particularly at risk from the erosions mentioned. As a rule, this will only be a small end section.

Aus diesem Grunde soll nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung der zylinderförmige Körper gegenüber dem oberen Abschnitt eine geringere Höhe und die Form einer runden Scheibe mit Durchflußöffnung aufweisen.For this reason, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical body should have a lower height than the upper section and the shape of a round disk with a flow opening.

Das weitere wesentliche Merkmal der Erfindung besteht darin, daß dieser Untere Abschnitt lösbar (austauschbar) ist und zwar so, daß er nach unten (in Durchflußrichtung der Schmelze gesehen) abnehmbar ist, ohne daß der obere Abschnitt des Endsteines und die darüber angeordneten Formsteine ausgebrochen oder sonstwie demontiert werden müßten.The further essential feature of the invention is that this lower section is detachable (interchangeable) in such a way that it can be removed downwards (as seen in the flow direction of the melt) without the upper section of the end stone and the shaped stones arranged above it being broken or otherwise would have to be dismantled.

Auf diese Weise kann der überwiegende Teil des Abstiches unmittelbar für weitere Chargen genutzt werden und lediglich der letzte untere Endabschnitt wird repariert oder gegen einen neuen ausgetauscht. Hierdurch wird die Haltbarkeit des Abstichsystems insgesamt deutlich erhöht und vor allen Dingen der Bedarf an Feuerfestmaterial drastisch reduziert. Darüber hinaus wird der Reparaturaufwand und die Reparaturzeit gegenüber bekannten Reparaturverfahren stark vermindert, da nur der Austausch des von außen leicht zugänglichen untersten Endabschnittes notwending ist, der trotzdem mit dem oberen Abschnitt des Endsteins im einem gemeinsamen Stahlrahmen einliegt.In this way, the major part of the racking can be used immediately for further batches and only the last lower end section is repaired or exchanged for a new one. This significantly increases the durability of the racking system and, above all, drastically reduces the need for refractory material. In addition, the repair effort and the repair time compared to known repair methods is greatly reduced, since only the replacement of the bottom end section, which is easily accessible from the outside, is necessary, which nevertheless lies in a common steel frame with the upper section of the end block.

Dem Fachmann stehen verschiedene Möglichkeiten zur Verfügung, den unteren zylinderförmigen Körper austauschbar im Abstichsystem, aber dichtend gegenüber dem oberen Endsteinabschnitt anzuordnen.Various possibilities are available to the person skilled in the art, the lower cylindrical body being exchangeable in the tapping system, but sealing against the upper one Arrange end stone section.

Üblicherweise wird zumindest der Endstein umfangsseitig in einem entsprechenden Stahlgerüst gehalten, wie sich dies auch aus der EP-OS 171 658 ergibt.Usually, at least the end stone is held circumferentially in a corresponding steel frame, as is also evident from EP-OS 171 658.

Erfindungsgemäß einer der untere zylinder-förmige Körper (die Scheibe) an dem korrespondierenden unteren Ende des Stahlgerüstes zu befestigtAccording to the invention, one of the lower cylindrical bodies (the disk) is attached to the corresponding lower end of the steel frame

Dazu weist der zylinderförmige Körper umfangsseitig eine Metallmanschette auf, die entsprechende Rastmittel zur Befestigung am Stahlgerüst besitzt.For this purpose, the cylindrical body has a metal sleeve on the circumference, which has corresponding locking means for fastening to the steel frame.

Diese Rastmittel können nach einer Ausführungsform aus einem Außengewinde bestehen, vorzugsweise einem aus der Metallmanschette ausgedrückten Kordelgewinde, über das der zylinderförmige Körper gegenüber einem korrespondierenden Innengewinde im Bereich des Stahlgerüstes lösbar festgelegt wird.According to one embodiment, these locking means can consist of an external thread, preferably a cord thread expressed from the metal sleeve, by means of which the cylindrical body is releasably fixed in relation to a corresponding internal thread in the area of the steel frame.

Der zylinderförmige Körper wird dann praktisch in das Stahlgerüst hineingeschraubt, bis seine obere Stirnfläche gegen die untere Stirnfläche des oberen Endstein-Abschnittes anstößt. Ebenso ist es möglich, den zylinderförmigen Körper mit Hilfe von Keilen zu befestigen, die zwischen Körper und Stahlrahmen von unten eingeschlagen werden.The cylindrical body is then practically screwed into the steel frame until its upper end face abuts the lower end face of the upper end section. It is also possible to fasten the cylindrical body with the help of wedges which are hammered in from below between the body and the steel frame.

Um etwaig vorhandene Toleranzen auszugleichen, kann zuvor auf die obere Stirnfläche des zylinderförmigen Abschnittes eine elastische Zwischenschicht aufgelegt werden, zum Beispiel eine feuerfeste keramische Fasermatte (die selbstverständlich ebenfalls eine mittige Durchgangsöffnung aufweist) und die dann zwischen unterem und oberem Endsteinabschnitt zusammengepreßt wird.In order to compensate for any existing tolerances, an elastic intermediate layer can be placed on the upper end face of the cylindrical section, for example a fire-resistant ceramic fiber mat (which of course also has a central passage opening) and which is then pressed together between the lower and upper end stone section.

Soll der untere zylinderförmige Abschnitt ausgetauscht werden, wird er über das Gewinde einfach wieder herausgedreht und durch ein neues Bauteil ersetzt.If the lower cylindrical section is to be replaced, it is simply unscrewed using the thread and replaced with a new component.

Sollte der darüber liegende Endstein-Abschnitt Erosionserscheinungen zeigen, so kann dieser jetzt zum Beispiel über eine bekannte Reparaturmasse ausgebessert werden, wobei die neue Endscheibe als Schablone dient.If the end stone section above shows signs of erosion, it can now be repaired using a known repair compound, for example, using the new end plate as a template.

Nach einer alternativen Ausführungsform sind an der äußeren Umfangsfläche der Metallmanschette mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise drei oder mehr radial abstehende Stifte befestigt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform weist der korrespondierende Abschnitt des Stahlgerüstes dann entsprechende Aufnahmeschlitze auf, die eine Öffnungsweite gleich oder geringfügig größer als der Durchmesser der Stifte besitzen und der zylinderförmige Körper wird dann mit seinen radial abstehenden Stiften in die Aufnahmeschlitze eingeführt und dort festgelegt.According to an alternative embodiment, at least two, preferably three or more radially projecting pins are attached to the outer circumferential surface of the metal sleeve. In this embodiment, the corresponding section of the steel frame then has corresponding receiving slots which have an opening width equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the pins and the cylindrical body is then inserted with its radially projecting pins into the receiving slots and fixed there.

Um eine sichere Arretierung zwischen den beiden Teilen des Endsteins zu gewährleisten, sind die Aufnahmeschlitze vorzugsweise so gestaltet, daß sie sich von der unteren Stirnfläche des Stahlgerüstes in einer kurvenförmigen Bahn nach oben erstrecken und dann in einen weitestgehend horizontalen Abschnitt übergehen. Es handelt sich dabei um einen bajonettartigen Verschluß.In order to ensure a secure locking between the two parts of the end stone, the receiving slots are preferably designed such that they extend upwards from the lower end face of the steel frame in a curved path and then merge into a largely horizontal section. It is a bayonet type closure.

Es ist offensichtlich, daß die Aufnahmeschlitze nach innen, also in Richtung auf den zylinderförmigen Körper, geöffnet sind, da sich nur so die Stifte einschieben lassen.It is obvious that the receiving slots are open inwards, ie in the direction of the cylindrical body, since this is the only way to insert the pins.

Diese Ausführungsform wird in dem nachstehend beschriebenen zeichnerisch dargestellten Beispiel noch näher erläutert.This embodiment is explained in more detail in the example shown in the drawing below.

Die Metallmanschette kann auf den keramischen Körper aufgeschrumpft werden, der keramische zylinderförmige Abschnitt kann aber auch in die Manschette eingeklebt beziehungsweise eingelegt werden, vorzugsweise unter Verwendung eines geeigneten Mörtels.The metal sleeve can be shrunk onto the ceramic body, but the ceramic cylindrical section can also be glued or inserted into the sleeve, preferably using a suitable mortar.

Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Stahlmanschette um den zylinderförmigen Körper unterseitig herumgezogen und untergreift den Körper auf einer Teilfläche.According to one embodiment of the invention, the steel sleeve is drawn around the underside of the cylindrical body and engages under the body on a partial surface.

Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, daß das keramische Bauteil nicht nach unten herausfallen kann.This ensures that the ceramic component cannot fall out downwards.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform steht der untere Teil der Manschette über die untere Stirnfläche des keramischen Körpers vor, so daß hier nach Verschließen der bodenseitigen Abdeckplatte des Abstichsystems ein zylinderförmiger Hohlraum entsteht.In this embodiment, the lower part of the sleeve protrudes over the lower end face of the ceramic body, so that a cylindrical cavity is formed here after the bottom cover plate of the tapping system has been closed.

Dieser Hohlraum kann dadurch ausgefüllt werden, daß auf der Abdeckplatte zum Beispiel eine in ihren Abmessungen dem Hohlraum entsprechende feuerfeste keramische Matte angeordnet wird, die auch ein Ausrieseln des Granulates (wie oben beschrieben) verhindert.This cavity can be filled in that, for example, a fireproof ceramic mat corresponding in its dimensions to the cavity is arranged on the cover plate, which also prevents the granules from trickling out (as described above).

Ebenso kann der zylinderförmige Körper aber auch auf seinem von der Metallmanschette nicht abgedeckten unteren Teil nach unten verlängert werden, so daß dann die untere Stirnfläche des unteren Endstein-Abschnittes mit der unteren Stirnfläche der Manschette fluchtet.Likewise, the cylindrical body can also be extended downward on its lower part, which is not covered by the metal sleeve, so that the lower end face of the lower end block section is then flush with the lower end face of the sleeve.

Unterer und oberer Endstein-Abschnitt können aus denselben Materialien bestehen.The lower and upper end section can be made of the same materials.

Vorzugsweise wird aber der besonders erosionsgefährdete untere Abschnitt aus einem Material hergestellt, das gegenüber dem Material des oberen Abschnittes eine höhere Stabilität gegen Erosionen aufweist.However, the lower section, which is particularly at risk of erosion, is preferably made of a material which has a higher stability against erosions than the material of the upper section.

Das keramische Material kann dabei beispielsweise sein:

  • ein kohlenstoffhaltiges Material mit Al2O3 beziehungsweise MgO beziehungsweise ZrO2 mit Kohlenstoffbeziehungsweise keramischer Bindung
  • das vorstehend genannte Material, mit anschließender Pechimprägnierung
  • Siliziumkarbid (SiC), keramisch oder selbstgebunden beziehungsweise nitridgebunden.
The ceramic material can be, for example:
  • a carbon-containing material with Al 2 O 3 or MgO or ZrO 2 with carbon or ceramic bond
  • the above material, followed by pitch impregnation
  • Silicon carbide (SiC), ceramic or self-bonded or nitride-bonded.

Um die Haltbarkeit weiter zu erhöhen, kann die untere Scheibe ein isostatisch gepreßtes Teil sein.To further increase the durability, the lower disc can be an isostatically pressed part.

Da die Scheibe in Bezug auf den gesamten Abstich nur einen verschwindend kleinen Teil ausmacht, fallen die aufgrund der besseren Qualität höheren Herstellungskosten dabei praktisch nicht ins Gewicht. Im Gegenteil ergibt sich auch hieraus durch die höheren Standzeiten ein zusätzlicher Kostenvorteil.Since the disc only makes up a negligible part in relation to the entire racking, the higher production costs due to the better quality are practically negligible. On the contrary, the longer service life also results in an additional cost advantage.

Schließlich ermöglicht die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung eines Endsteines in besonders vorteilhafter Weise auch eine gleichzeitige Inertgasspülung.Finally, the design of a final stone according to the invention also enables simultaneous inert gas flushing in a particularly advantageous manner.

So können in dem keramischen unteren Abschnitt entsprechende im wesentlichen radial verlaufende Durchgangskanäle angeordnet sein, die außenseitig über einen gemeinsamen Ringkanal miteinander verbunden sind, der einen Anschlußbereich aufweist, über den eine InertgasLeitung angeschlossen wird.Corresponding essentially radially extending through channels can be arranged in the ceramic lower section, which are connected to one another on the outside via a common ring channel which has a connection area via which an inert gas line is connected.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird dann im Stahlgerüst eine korrespondierende Öffnung für die Gaszuführleitung vorgesehen und der Gasanschluß im zylinderförmigen Körper so angeordnet, daß er nach Festlegung des unteren Abschnittes am oberen Abschnitt des Endsteines direkt vor der Öffnung im Stahlgerüst liegt und die Gasleitung so unmittelbar angeschlossen werden kann.In this embodiment, a corresponding opening for the gas supply line is then provided in the steel frame and the gas connection is arranged in the cylindrical body in such a way that, after the lower section has been fixed on the upper section of the end stone, it lies directly in front of the opening in the steel frame and the gas line can thus be connected directly .

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung verlaufen die Gaszuführkanäle nicht exakt radial, sondern zwischen einer radialen und tangentialen Zuordnung zur inneren Umfangsfläche der Durchgangsöffnung, wodurch sich eine Zirkulationsströmung des Inertgases, zum Beispiel Argon, einstellen läßt. Bevorzugt ist die Anordnung des Kanäle im Bereich der oberen Stirnfläche des unteren Abschnitts.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the gas supply channels do not run exactly radially, but between a radial and tangential assignment to the inner circumferential surface of the through opening, as a result of which a circulating flow of the inert gas, for example argon, can be set. The arrangement of the channels in the region of the upper end face of the lower section is preferred.

Auch diese Ausführungsform wird anhand des nachstehenden Beispieles noch näher erläutert.This embodiment is also explained in more detail using the example below.

Dabei zeigenShow

  • Figur 1 einen Vetikalschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen, zweigeteilten Endstein und im unteren Teil eine Teilansicht eines Horizontalschnittes entlang der Linie A - A,1 shows a vetical section through a two-part end stone according to the invention and in the lower part a partial view of a horizontal section along the line A - A,
  • Figur 2 eine entsprechende Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 mit einer alternativen Ausführungsform des unteren Endstein-Abschnittes,FIG. 2 shows a corresponding representation according to FIG. 1 with an alternative embodiment of the lower end stone section,
  • Figur 3 ebenfalls eine entsprechende Darstellung wie Figur 1 mit einer dritten Ausführungsform des unteren Abschnittes des Endsteins, wobei eine Möglichkeit zur Inertgasspülung vorgesehen ist.Figure 3 also shows a representation corresponding to Figure 1 with a third embodiment of the lower portion of the end stone, wherein a possibility for inert gas purging is provided.

In den Figuren sind gleiche Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen dargestellt.In the figures, the same components are shown with the same reference numerals.

Bei der in Figur 1 wiedergegebenen Ausführungsform ist der untere Abschnitt des Endsteines 10 eines Abstichsystems dargestellt. Der Endstein 10 besteht aus einem oberen Abschnitt 12 und einem unteren Abschnitt 14. Der Endstein 10 sitzt in einem Stahlrahmen 16 ein.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the lower section of the end stone 10 of a tapping system is shown. The end block 10 consists of an upper section 12 and a lower section 14. The end block 10 is seated in a steel frame 16.

Der obere Abschnitt 12 des Endsteins 10 weist im wesentlichen eine Zylinderform auf und ist in seinem unteren Teil bei 18 konisch etwas verjüngt ausgebildet und liegt dort auf einer korrespondierenden, schräg verlaufenden Stufe 20 des Stahlrahmens 16 auf. Der obere Abschnitt 12 besitzt eine mittige, zylinderförmige Durchgangsöffnung 22.The upper section 12 of the end stone 10 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is conically somewhat tapered in its lower part at 18 and lies there on a corresponding, inclined step 20 of the steel frame 16. The upper section 12 has a central, cylindrical through opening 22.

An die nach innen schräg verlaufende Stufe 20 schließt sich ein zylinderförmiger Teil 24 des Stahlrahmens 16 an. In diesem zylinderförmigen Teil 24 liegt der untere Abschnitt 14 des Endsteins 10 ein.A cylindrical part 24 of the steel frame 16 adjoins the step 20 which slopes inwards. The lower section 14 of the end stone 10 lies in this cylindrical part 24.

Der untere Abschnitt 14 weist ebenfalls die Form eines zylinderförmigen Abschnittes mit einer zur Durchgangsöffnung 22 korrespondierenden Durchgangsöffnung 26 auf und besteht aus einem feuerfesten keramischen Körper 14a, der über einen feuerfesten Mörtel in einer Metallmanschette 28 einliegt, die den keramischen Körper 14a umfangsseitig und unterseitig im Randbereich einfaßt.The lower section 14 also has the shape of a cylindrical section with a through opening 26 corresponding to the through opening 22 and consists of a refractory ceramic body 14a, which lies over a refractory mortar in a metal sleeve 28 which surrounds the ceramic body 14a on the circumferential and underside in the edge region borders.

Zur Ausbildung einer fluchtenden unteren Stirnfläche ist der keramische Körper 14a in dem von der Metallmanschette 28 nicht abgedeckten Bereich nach unten verlängert ausgebildet (14b).In order to form an aligned lower end face, the ceramic body 14a is extended downward in the area not covered by the metal sleeve 28 (FIG. 14b).

Die Metallmanschette 28 weist umfangsseitig drei, im Winkel von jeweils 120 Grad zueinander angeordnete Metallstifte 30 auf, die an der Metallmanschette 28 angeschweißt sind.The metal sleeve 28 has on the circumference three metal pins 30 which are arranged at an angle of 120 degrees to one another and which are welded to the metal sleeve 28.

Die Stifte 30 liegen in korrespondierenden Aufnahmeschlitzen 32 ein, die an der Innenseite im Stahlrahmen 16 ausgebildet sind.The pins 30 lie in corresponding receiving slots 32 which are formed on the inside in the steel frame 16.

Wie sich insbesondere der gestrichelten Darstellung im oberen Teil von Figur 1 entnehmen läßt, verlaufen die Aufnahmeschlitze 32 zunächst von der unteren Stirnfläche 34 axial nach oben (36a), gehen dann in einen gekrümmten Abschnitt 36b über und enden schließlich in einem parallel zur unteren Stirnfläche 34 angeordneten Endabschnitt 36c.As can be seen in particular from the dashed illustration in the upper part of FIG. 1, the receiving slots 32 initially run axially upward from the lower end face 34 (36a), then merge into a curved section 36b and finally end in a parallel to the lower end face 34 arranged end portion 36c.

Bei der Montage des unteren Abschnittes 14 wird dieser also mit den Stiften 30 entlang der Aufnahmeschlitze in einer drehenden Bewegung in Richtung auf den oberen Abschnitt 12 geführt, bis die Stifte 30 gegen die hintere Stirnfläche der Aufnahmeschlitze 32 anschlagen. Die Montage kann mittels eines Werkzeugs erfolgen, wobei entsprechende Verankerungslöcher in der unteren Stirnfläche der Metallmanschette vorgesehen werden können.When the lower section 14 is assembled, it is thus guided with the pins 30 along the receiving slots in a rotating movement in the direction of the upper section 12 until the pins 30 abut against the rear end face of the receiving slots 32. The assembly can be carried out by means of a tool, and corresponding anchoring holes can be provided in the lower end face of the metal sleeve.

Die Dimensionierung des unteren Abschnittes 14, der Stifte 30 beziehungsweise der Aufnahmeschlitze 32 ist so gewählt, daß der untere Abschnitt 14 in dem Moment, wo die Stifte 30 gegen das hintere Ende der Aufnahmeschlitze 32 anstoßen oder kurz davor stehen, unmittelbar und dichtend gegenüber dem oberen Abschnitt 12 des Endsteins 10 anliegt.The dimensioning of the lower section 14, the pins 30 and the receiving slots 32 is chosen so that the lower section 14, at the moment when the pins 30 abut or shortly before the rear end of the receiving slots 32, directly and sealingly against the upper one Section 12 of the end stone 10 is present.

Um gewisse herstellungstechnisch bedingte Toleranzen ausgleichen zu können, kann zwischen unterem Abschnitt 14 und oberem Abschnitt 12 noch eine dünne elastische Zwischenschicht angeordnet werden, zum Beispiel ein feuerfestes keramisches Faservlies.In order to be able to compensate for certain manufacturing-related tolerances, a thin elastic intermediate layer can be arranged between the lower section 14 and the upper section 12, for example a refractory ceramic fiber fleece.

Ist es nun im Verlaufe verschiedener Chargen am unteren Rand des Abschnittes 14 bei 38 zu einer Erosion des feuerfesten Materials gekommen kann ohne weiteres von außen der untere Abschnitt 14 auf umgekehrtem Wege wie bei der Montage wieder herausgedreht und durch einen neuen Abschnitt 14 ersetzt werden.If, in the course of different batches, the refractory material has eroded at 38 at the lower edge of section 14, the lower section 14 can easily be unscrewed from the outside in the opposite way to that during assembly and replaced by a new section 14.

Das Abstichsystem steht danach unmittelbar wieder für weitere Abgüsse zur Verfügung.The racking system is then immediately available for further castings.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2 entspricht mit einer Ausnahme dem gemäß Figur 1. Der Unterschied besteht darin, daß der untere Abschnitt 14 als Scheibe konstanter Höhe ausgebildet ist, so daß zwischen der unteren Stirnfläche 40 des zylinderförmigen Körpers 14 und der unteren Stirnfläche 42 der Metallmanschette 28 ein zylinderförmiger Hohlraum 44 ausgebildet wird.The embodiment according to FIG. 2 corresponds with one exception to that according to FIG. 1. The difference is that the lower section 14 is designed as a disk of constant height, so that between the lower end face 40 of the cylindrical body 14 and the lower end face 42 of the metal sleeve 28 a cylindrical cavity 44 is formed.

Um nach dem eingangs beschriebenen Einfüllen eines Granulates in die Durchgangsöffnungen 22, 26 ein Auslaufen dieses Granulates, das zum Beispiel aus Olivin bestehen kann, zu verhindern, wird bei dieser Ausführungsform vorzugsweise auf den (nicht dargestellten) unteren Metalldeckel des Abstichsystems eine elastische feuerfeste keramische Fasermatte aufgebracht, die in ihren Abmessungen dem Hohlraum 44 entspricht und diesen entsprechend ausfüllt, solange der Metalldeckel in der Verschlußposition ist.In order to prevent this granulate, which may consist of olivine, for example, from flowing out after the introduction of a granulate into the through openings 22, 26, in this embodiment, an elastic, fireproof ceramic fiber mat is preferably placed on the lower metal cover (not shown) of the tapping system upset that in their Dimensions corresponds to the cavity 44 and fills it accordingly, as long as the metal cover is in the closed position.

Die Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 schließlich entspricht der nach Figur 2 mit einer weiteren Ausnahme. Von der oberen Stirnfläche 46 des zylinderförmigen Abschnittes 14 erstrecken sich hier mehrere Kanäle 48 in das Feuerfestmaterial hinein und diese Kanäle haben eine Ausrichtung, die zwischen einer radialen und einer tangentialen Position mit Bezug auf die Innenwand 50 der Durchgangsöffnung 26 liegt, wie der untere Teil von Figur 3 ohne weiteres erkennen läßt.The embodiment according to FIG. 3 finally corresponds to that according to FIG. 2 with a further exception. Here, a plurality of channels 48 extend from the upper end face 46 of the cylindrical section 14 into the refractory material and these channels have an orientation which lies between a radial and a tangential position with respect to the inner wall 50 of the through opening 26, like the lower part of FIG Figure 3 shows easily.

Die Kanäle 48 münden mit ihrem inneren Ende in die Durchgangsöffnung 26 und mit ihrem äußeren Ende in einen umfangsseitigen Ringkanal 52, der bei 54 einen Anschlußstutzen 56 aufweist, der sich durch die Metallmanschette 28 erstreckt und sich in einer Stelle befindet, die nach Festlegung des unteren Abschnittes 14 gegenüber dem oberen Abschnitt 12 des Endsteines 10 unmittelbar gegenüber einer radialen Durchbrechung 58 im Stahlrahmen 16 liegt, so daß an dieser Stelle eine Gaszuführleitung 60 durch die Öffnung 58 durchgeführt und auf den Anschlußstutzen 56 aufgesetzt werden kann. Über die Gaszuführleitung 60 wird beim späteren Betrieb, das heißt in dem Moment, wo die Metallschmelze ausfließt, ein Inertgas, wie Argon eingespült, das dann über den Ringkanal 52 und die Kanäle 48 in die Durchgangsöffnung 26 eingedüst wird zum Zwecke der Vermeidung einer Aufoxidation der Metallschmelze.The channels 48 open with their inner end in the through opening 26 and with their outer end in a circumferential annular channel 52, which has at 54 a connecting piece 56 which extends through the metal sleeve 28 and is in a position which is determined by the lower Section 14 is opposite the upper section 12 of the end block 10 directly opposite a radial opening 58 in the steel frame 16, so that at this point a gas supply line 60 can be carried out through the opening 58 and placed on the connecting piece 56. During later operation, i.e. at the moment when the molten metal flows out, an inert gas, such as argon, is flushed in via the gas supply line 60, which is then injected into the through-opening 26 via the ring channel 52 and the channels 48 in order to avoid oxidation of the Molten metal.

Im Bereich der Durchgangsöffnung 26 kann ein zusätzlicher Ringkanal zum Eindüsen des Inertgases vorgesehen werden.In the area of the passage opening 26, an additional ring channel can be provided for injecting the inert gas.

Claims (13)

  1. Fireproof ceramic terminal brick for use as a terminal section at the outlet part of a tapping system in particularly in steel converters or electric furnaces composed of several refractory ceramic formed bricks arranged in a row, enclosing together with the terminal brick (10), a passage opening for the steel smelt, including the following features
    a) the terminal brick (10) is constructed in two separate pieces, one lower section (14) and one upper section (12), vertical to the direction of flow of the steel smelt
    b) the lower section (14), in the direction of flow of the smelt, is formed as a cylindrical body
    c) the cylindrical body (14) of the lower section has a metal collar (25) around its periphery and being
    d) pressed firmly, but detachably against the upper section (12) of the terminal brick (10), arranged above it, by linkage of the metal collar (28) at the lower part of a steel frame (16) which surrounds at least all of the sections (12,14).
  2. Terminal brick according to Claim 1, characterized in that the clindrical body (14) has a lower height than the upper section (12) and is disk-shaped.
  3. Terminal brick according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal collar (28) is drawn around the cylindrical body (14) on the bottom at least partially.
  4. Terminal brick according to Claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical body (14) is extended downwards (14b) on its lower area not covered by the metal collar (28), forming a common lower surface with the bottom of the corresponding edge section of the metal collar (28).
  5. Terminal brick according to one of Claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the metal collar is shrink fitted to the cylindrical body.
  6. Terminal brick according to one of Claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the metal collar has outside threads, preferably milled threads pressed out of the metal collar, by means of which the cylindrical body can be fastened detachably to a corresponding inside threads in the area of a steel structure surrounding the entire terminal brick.
  7. Terminal brick according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least two radially extending pins (30), preferably three or more, are attached to the outer edge of the metal collar (28), for detachable connection of the cylindrical body (14) in corresponding take-up slits (32) in a steel structure (16) surrounding the entire terminal brick (10).
  8. Terminal brick according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cylindrical body (14) consists of a material that has a greater resistance to erosion than the material of the upper section (12) of the terminal brick (10).
  9. Terminal brick according to Claim 8, characterized in that the cylindrical body (14) consists of a carbon-containing ceramic material with a base of Al2O3 or MgO or ZrO2 with carbon or ceramic bonding or silicium carbide, ceramically or self-bound or nitride bound ceramic material.
  10. Terminal brick according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the part of the cylindrical body (14) consisting of a fireproof ceramic material is an isostatically pressed part.
  11. Terminal brick according to one of Claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the cylindrical body (14) has one or more canals (48, 52) that are connected together and of which at least one opens out into the passage opening (26) of the cylindrical body (14) and at least one is opened to the outer edge of the cylindrical body (14) for connecting a gas supply line (60).
  12. Terminal brick according to Claim 11, characterized in that the canals (48, 52) run in the area of the upper surface (46) of the cylindrical body (14).
  13. Terminal brick according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the canals (48) have an alignment that is between a radial and a tangential arrangement in relation to the inner surface (50) of the passage opening (26).
EP89116118A 1988-09-07 1989-08-31 Bipartite final brick Expired - Lifetime EP0358115B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89116118T ATE81359T1 (en) 1988-09-07 1989-08-31 END STONE DIVIDED.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3830342A DE3830342A1 (en) 1988-09-07 1988-09-07 DISCONNECTED ENDSTONE
DE3830342 1988-09-07

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EP0358115A2 EP0358115A2 (en) 1990-03-14
EP0358115A3 EP0358115A3 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0358115B1 true EP0358115B1 (en) 1992-10-07

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US (1) US5060915A (en)
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AT (1) ATE81359T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3830342A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2681610B1 (en) * 1991-09-20 1993-11-19 Boulonnais Terres Refractaires COMPOSITE PRE-MOLD SIPHON BLOCKS FOR CAST ROUTES OF BLAST FURNACES.
US5335896A (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-08-09 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Nozzle insert for a steelmaking ladle
US5401004A (en) * 1993-03-03 1995-03-28 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for installing a nozzle insert in a steelmaking ladle
AT514499B1 (en) * 2013-07-04 2015-06-15 Dieter Dipl Ing Mühlböck tapping pipe

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AT387039B (en) * 1981-02-05 1988-11-25 Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag TAPPING DEVICE FOR CONVERTER
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LU58588A1 (en) * 1968-05-22 1969-08-22
EP0249647A1 (en) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-23 Radex West Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Fireproof tap hole

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Publication number Publication date
DE3830342A1 (en) 1990-03-15
DE3830342C2 (en) 1990-09-13
EP0358115A3 (en) 1990-05-16
DE58902411D1 (en) 1992-11-12
EP0358115A2 (en) 1990-03-14
ATE81359T1 (en) 1992-10-15
US5060915A (en) 1991-10-29

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