EP0357151B1 - Method for manufacturing a building structure - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a building structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0357151B1
EP0357151B1 EP89202214A EP89202214A EP0357151B1 EP 0357151 B1 EP0357151 B1 EP 0357151B1 EP 89202214 A EP89202214 A EP 89202214A EP 89202214 A EP89202214 A EP 89202214A EP 0357151 B1 EP0357151 B1 EP 0357151B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
anchors
frames
foam
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89202214A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0357151B2 (en
EP0357151A2 (en
EP0357151A3 (en
Inventor
Johannes Petrus Van Eeden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INTERNATIONAL DOME SYSTEMS
Original Assignee
INTERNATIONAL DOME SYSTEMS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by INTERNATIONAL DOME SYSTEMS filed Critical INTERNATIONAL DOME SYSTEMS
Priority to AT89202214T priority Critical patent/ATE74393T1/en
Publication of EP0357151A2 publication Critical patent/EP0357151A2/en
Publication of EP0357151A3 publication Critical patent/EP0357151A3/en
Publication of EP0357151B1 publication Critical patent/EP0357151B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0357151B2 publication Critical patent/EP0357151B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
    • E04G11/045—Inflatable forms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a building structure in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • the foam layer is applied layer by layer and the foot plates of the anchors are attached by means of adhesive to the first foam layer. This attachment is in- sufficient. Many anchors fall down under the influence of the forces which occur during spraying and due to deformations of the form by wind forces. Even after surrounding the anchor feet by the next foam layer applied over said feet said anchors are not capable to take up the loads which occur during attachment of the reinforcing rods and during spraying of the concrete.
  • Purpose of the invention is to provide a method by means of which the progress of the work is not disturbed by anchors which do not maintain their proper position.
  • the foam layer has obtained its final thickness prior to mounting the anchors it is possible to insert the bent over parts of the feet of the anchors easily into the foam layer. Due to this the anchors are quickly attached.
  • the reinforcing is one which at least in horizontal planes is pretensionable. This is made possible by the rigid attachment of the anchors.
  • Spraying of the resin can be performed such that the entire innerside of the form is covered so that a building structure is already obtained from resin such as a resin dome.
  • Mounting of the reinforcing rods can take place such that the reinforcing is completed first prior to applying the further concrete layers.
  • One, however, can also perform the work in such a way that said concrete layers are applied after mounting part of the reinforcement in which case the mounting of the reinforcing rods proceeds upwardly followed by the application of the concrete, which application of the concrete of course starts at the basis.
  • the synthetic form can remain in place or be removed respectively.
  • a movable platform lifting device having at the outer end of a swingable and extendable arm a work platform from which any position inside the blown form can be reached with spraying devices.
  • building structures of preferably dome shaped configuration in a simple manner. They can have a circular basis and be part spherical. They however may have as well an oval basis or even a rectangular basis.
  • the invention concerns as well an anchor for applying the method according to the invention
  • anchor as known from US-A-4.155.967 has a perforated footplate to which a rod is attached
  • anchor according to the invention has tongues which are cut free from the plate and bent into a position perpendicular to the plane of the plate and turned away from the rod.
  • Said anchor has a shape such that it can be inserted with said tongues into the foam layer.
  • the building structure which can be obtained with the invention has a form 1 which by blowing is brought into the proper shape and is made from plastic. Against the innerside a foam synthetic layer 2 is applied by spraying. The anchors 3 are fixed upon said layer and reinforcing rods 4 are attached to said anchors. For mounting the anchors use can be made of an auxiliary reinforcement 4' such as rods which support the anchors for and during performing further operations. The space around said reinforcing rods which is defined outwardly by the foam synthetic layer 2 is filled with concrete 5 by spraying. Prior to building the concrete layer 5 layer by layer a first layer 5' is sprayed over the feet 8 of the anchors. The plastic form 1 is connected in an air-tight manner at to a prefabricated foundation 7.
  • the anchors may have the form shown in figure 2 comprising a perforated footplate 8 having bent over tongues 9, which can be pressed into the foam synthetic layer 2 and with an outwardly extending rod or arm 10 serve for connecting to them the reinforcing rods.
  • auxiliary frames can be placed with the aid of anchors upon the synthetic foam layer 3 as schematically indicated at 17 in figure 3d.
  • the plastic layer of the form and the foam layer can be cut away and a real window frame with or without glass can be placed in the opening obtained therewith.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

Method of manufacturing a building structure by spraying synthetic foam and concrete against the innerside of an inflated form (1) with anchors (3) for reinforcing rods (4) attached to the foam layer (2) which attachment of the anchors (3) takes place by provinding the anchors (3) with parts (9) which can be inserted into the completed foam layer whilst the application of the concrete layers (5), which takes place layer by layer, is performed in such a way that at least one layer is applied over the basis (8) of the anchors (3) prior to attaching the reinforcing rods (4) of the concrete to said anchors (3).

Description

  • The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a building structure in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • A method of this kind is known from US-A-4,155,967.
  • According to said known method the foam layer is applied layer by layer and the foot plates of the anchors are attached by means of adhesive to the first foam layer. This attachment is in- sufficient. Many anchors fall down under the influence of the forces which occur during spraying and due to deformations of the form by wind forces. Even after surrounding the anchor feet by the next foam layer applied over said feet said anchors are not capable to take up the loads which occur during attachment of the reinforcing rods and during spraying of the concrete.
  • Purpose of the invention is to provide a method by means of which the progress of the work is not disturbed by anchors which do not maintain their proper position.
  • According to the invention this purpose is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • By the fact that the foam layer has obtained its final thickness prior to mounting the anchors it is possible to insert the bent over parts of the feet of the anchors easily into the foam layer. Due to this the anchors are quickly attached.
  • By the fact that moreover the first concrete layer is sprayed over said feet and covers said feet, a hard layer is obtained which holds the anchors in a manner such that they can no longer loosen and are capable to carry the weight of the reinforcing rods and are capable to withstand the forces which occur during spraying of the concrete on the anchors and reinforcing rods, including the weight of not yet completely hardened concrete parts.
  • Preferably the reinforcing is one which at least in horizontal planes is pretensionable. This is made possible by the rigid attachment of the anchors.
  • It is observed that from US-A-3,277,219 a method is known for the manufacturing of a building structure by making use of an inflatable form against the inner side of which a foam layer is sprayed until the layer has its full required thickness. After spraying and completing said layer anchors are inserted into the foam layer in the form of wire clips having a barbed or turned over inserted end which provide an attachment such that prior to any spraying of concrete reinforcing rods can be attached to said anchors. The mounting of said anchors by pressure or hammering is time consuming and can damage the foam layer. Concrete is only applied for the first time after the reinforcing rods are placed. Although said known method discloses the possibility of primarily manufacturing the foam layer until its final thickness is obtained it has disadvantages in respect of the mounting of the anchors.
  • Spraying of the resin can be performed such that the entire innerside of the form is covered so that a building structure is already obtained from resin such as a resin dome.
  • It is also possible to spray part of the height with resin and to start spraying the concrete already whilst the spraying of the resin proceeds upwardly towards the top.
  • Mounting of the reinforcing rods can take place such that the reinforcing is completed first prior to applying the further concrete layers. One, however, can also perform the work in such a way that said concrete layers are applied after mounting part of the reinforcement in which case the mounting of the reinforcing rods proceeds upwardly followed by the application of the concrete, which application of the concrete of course starts at the basis.
  • The synthetic form can remain in place or be removed respectively. For performing the work use can be made of a movable platform lifting device having at the outer end of a swingable and extendable arm a work platform from which any position inside the blown form can be reached with spraying devices.
  • With the invention it is possible to manufacture building structures of preferably dome shaped configuration in a simple manner. They can have a circular basis and be part spherical. They however may have as well an oval basis or even a rectangular basis.
  • The invention concerns as well an anchor for applying the method according to the invention which anchor as known from US-A-4.155.967 has a perforated footplate to which a rod is attached which anchor according to the invention has tongues which are cut free from the plate and bent into a position perpendicular to the plane of the plate and turned away from the rod.
  • Said anchor has a shape such that it can be inserted with said tongues into the foam layer.
  • The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the drawings.
    • Figure 1 shows part of a building structure according to the invention.
    • Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment of the anchor.
    • Figures 3a to f inclusive show different phases of the method according to the invention.
  • The building structure which can be obtained with the invention has a form 1 which by blowing is brought into the proper shape and is made from plastic. Against the innerside a foam synthetic layer 2 is applied by spraying. The anchors 3 are fixed upon said layer and reinforcing rods 4 are attached to said anchors. For mounting the anchors use can be made of an auxiliary reinforcement 4' such as rods which support the anchors for and during performing further operations. The space around said reinforcing rods which is defined outwardly by the foam synthetic layer 2 is filled with concrete 5 by spraying. Prior to building the concrete layer 5 layer by layer a first layer 5' is sprayed over the feet 8 of the anchors. The plastic form 1 is connected in an air-tight manner at to a prefabricated foundation 7.
  • The anchors may have the form shown in figure 2 comprising a perforated footplate 8 having bent over tongues 9, which can be pressed into the foam synthetic layer 2 and with an outwardly extending rod or arm 10 serve for connecting to them the reinforcing rods. By applying the first concrete layer 5' said anchors are well held in place sufficiently to carry the reinforcing rods.
    • Figure 3 showns in figure 3a diagrammatically a part of an annular foundation 7 which has to be provided.
    • Figure 3b shows the application of the form 1 in the not yet inflated condition.
    • Figure 3c shows the inflation by means of fans 11. The inflated hall is provided with an air lock 12 known in itself.
    • Figure 3d shows the inflated hall in a cut-open way. Present in the hall is a working device 13 having a working platform 14 by means of which through a supply conduite 15 synthetic foam, such as polyurethane can be supplied by the schematically shown device 16 and sprayed upon the innerside of the inflated form 1.
    • Figure 3e shows the mouting of horizontal annular reinforcing rods as well as reinforcing rods extending in vertical planes, after which, as shown in figure 3f, by means of the device 13 concrete 5' and 5 respectively can be sprayed.
  • The hall obtained finally no longer needs the fans and entrance lock respectively.
  • In case windows are needed auxiliary frames can be placed with the aid of anchors upon the synthetic foam layer 3 as schematically indicated at 17 in figure 3d. After completing the building structure, which means after hardening of the concrete, which concrete surrounds the auxiliary frames, the plastic layer of the form and the foam layer can be cut away and a real window frame with or without glass can be placed in the opening obtained therewith.

Claims (4)

1. Method for manufacturing a building structure in which an inflatable form (1) which has been provided with an entrance lock (12) is mounted in an air-tight manner on a base or foundation (7) which form (1) by means of suitable devices is inflated and after having obtained its correct shape by inflation a foam resin layer (2) is sprayed upon the innerside of the form (1), anchors, each having a perforated foot plate (8) to which an anchoring rod (19) is attached, are placed with their plate-shaped feet (8) on said foam resin layer (2), whereby said anchoring rods (10) are inwardly directed, reinforcing rods (4) are attached to said anchoring rods (10) after spraying a first layer concrete (5') upon the foam layer (2), characterized in that primarily the foam resin layer (2) is manufactured until its final required thickness is obtained, that only thereafter the anchors (8, 10) are placed and fixed to the foam layer (2) by inserting of bent portions (9) which are cut free from the plate (8) and bent over into a position perpendicular to the plane of the plate (8) and turned away from said rod (10) and that the first concrete layer (5) is sprayed over the feet (8) of said anchors which lie against the innerside of the foam layer (2).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement at least in horizontal planes is a pre-tensionable reinforcement.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2 in which for the manufacturing of window frames and the like frames are placed which are fixed by the spraying of the concrete layer, characterized in that the frames are temporary frames of which form and dimension correspond to the form and dimension of the final window frames, which frames are placed upon the foam layer and after the application of the concrete, form material and foam are removed at the location of the frames and said frames are removed and replaced by the final window frames.
4. Anchor for use in the method according to one or more of the preceding claims comprising a perforated foot plate to which a rod is attached, characterized in that said plate (8) has tongues (9) which are cut free from the plate (8) and bent over into a position perpendicular to the plane of the plate (8), and turned away from said rod (10).
EP89202214A 1988-09-01 1989-08-31 Method for manufacturing a building structure Expired - Lifetime EP0357151B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89202214T ATE74393T1 (en) 1988-09-01 1989-08-31 PROCESSES FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDINGS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8802165A NL8802165A (en) 1988-09-01 1988-09-01 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A CONSTRUCTION WORK
NL8802165 1988-09-01

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0357151A2 EP0357151A2 (en) 1990-03-07
EP0357151A3 EP0357151A3 (en) 1990-10-24
EP0357151B1 true EP0357151B1 (en) 1992-04-01
EP0357151B2 EP0357151B2 (en) 1996-08-14

Family

ID=19852843

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89202214A Expired - Lifetime EP0357151B2 (en) 1988-09-01 1989-08-31 Method for manufacturing a building structure

Country Status (14)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0357151B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE74393T1 (en)
DD (1) DD296139A5 (en)
DE (1) DE68901117D1 (en)
DK (1) DK168962B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2030968T5 (en)
GR (2) GR3004564T3 (en)
HK (1) HK62892A (en)
IE (1) IE61649B1 (en)
NL (1) NL8802165A (en)
NO (1) NO177611C (en)
PL (1) PL162385B1 (en)
PT (1) PT91603A (en)
RU (1) RU1828484C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020165549A1 (en) 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 Desrocques Guillaume Cover structure for a pollutant emitting site, the construction method thereof and a method for protecting the environment implementing this cover structure

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8811465D0 (en) * 1988-03-28 1988-06-15 Pemberton J M Method of culverting river/canal
NL9301988A (en) * 1993-11-17 1995-06-16 Int Dome Systems Cyprus Ltd Method for manufacturing a tunnel-shaped hood or screen over a traffic route, such as a motorway or railway.
ES2113780B1 (en) * 1994-04-25 1999-01-01 Rauet Ginau Juan IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE MONOLITHIC STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTION PROCESS.
DE19637567B4 (en) * 1996-09-14 2006-07-13 Koch & Mayer Bauunternehmung Gmbh & Co Kg Method of manufacturing a building
AU2007100985B4 (en) * 2007-07-31 2008-09-04 Domeshells Australia Pty Ltd An improved system, method and apparatus for constructing compound curve sandwich shell structures
WO2009105137A2 (en) 2007-11-23 2009-08-27 Holley Merrell T Hyperbaric exercise facility, hyperbaric dome, catastrophe or civil defense shelter
NO329661B1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2010-11-22 Hoegskolen I Soeroest Norge Large-scale shell structures
CN103669953A (en) * 2013-12-09 2014-03-26 中煤建筑安装工程集团有限公司 Construction method with space gas film as formwork
CN113585760A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-02 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for building ice-shell building based on natural ice and ice-snow composite material
CN115045323A (en) * 2022-07-11 2022-09-13 天津大学 Geopolymer air film concrete suction bucket foundation and construction method thereof

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1573069A (en) * 1924-08-27 1926-02-16 Anton M Jensen Furring nail
FR781192A (en) * 1934-11-13 1935-05-10 Method of fixing a protective network on soundproof and non-combustible coverings
US3277219A (en) * 1961-03-27 1966-10-04 Lloyd S Turner Method of molding a building structure by spraying a foamed plastic on the inside of an inflatable form
US4155967A (en) * 1977-03-07 1979-05-22 Barry South Building structure and method of making same
DE3009419A1 (en) * 1980-03-12 1982-05-06 TA Rokal GmbH, 4054 Nettetal PIPE HOLDER
US4879859A (en) * 1983-12-09 1989-11-14 Dykmans Max J Method and apparatus for constructing circumferentially wrapped prestressed structures utilizing a membrane
DE8710320U1 (en) * 1987-07-28 1987-09-10 Eckert, Lothar, Ing. (Grad), 5206 Neunkirchen, De

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020165549A1 (en) 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 Desrocques Guillaume Cover structure for a pollutant emitting site, the construction method thereof and a method for protecting the environment implementing this cover structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU1828484C (en) 1993-07-15
IE61649B1 (en) 1994-11-16
ES2030968T5 (en) 1996-12-16
GR3021625T3 (en) 1997-02-28
NL8802165A (en) 1990-04-02
EP0357151B2 (en) 1996-08-14
EP0357151A2 (en) 1990-03-07
NO177611B (en) 1995-07-10
IE892807L (en) 1990-03-01
EP0357151A3 (en) 1990-10-24
NO177611C (en) 1995-10-18
ES2030968T3 (en) 1992-11-16
GR3004564T3 (en) 1993-04-28
DE68901117D1 (en) 1992-05-07
ATE74393T1 (en) 1992-04-15
DK431789D0 (en) 1989-08-31
DK168962B1 (en) 1994-07-18
NO893502L (en) 1990-03-02
PL162385B1 (en) 1993-10-30
DD296139A5 (en) 1991-11-21
PT91603A (en) 1990-03-30
HK62892A (en) 1992-08-28
NO893502D0 (en) 1989-08-31
DK431789A (en) 1990-03-02

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