EP0356442B1 - Verfahren zur kennzeichnung eines gegenstandes um diesen von weitem erkennbar zu machen im falle von diebstahl oder verlust - Google Patents

Verfahren zur kennzeichnung eines gegenstandes um diesen von weitem erkennbar zu machen im falle von diebstahl oder verlust Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0356442B1
EP0356442B1 EP19880902864 EP88902864A EP0356442B1 EP 0356442 B1 EP0356442 B1 EP 0356442B1 EP 19880902864 EP19880902864 EP 19880902864 EP 88902864 A EP88902864 A EP 88902864A EP 0356442 B1 EP0356442 B1 EP 0356442B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
odorant substance
substance
process according
odorant
animal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880902864
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0356442A1 (de
Inventor
Claudine Jeanne Camille Masson
Marie-Florence Odette José THAL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
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Priority to AT88902864T priority Critical patent/ATE99074T1/de
Publication of EP0356442A1 publication Critical patent/EP0356442A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for marking an object in order to be able to detect it later in the event of loss or theft.
  • This marking mainly concerns art objects, precious objects and collectibles.
  • the present invention provides an original and effective solution.
  • the sense of smell is used. which is much more developed in certain mammals than in humans in a natural and / or acquired manner, so that, by their scent, these mammals may be able to trace the origin of extremely fine odors, and, d on the other hand, the specific behavioral reactions provoked in many species of mammals in response to chemical substances, called pheromones, emitted in the external environment by a congener, for example to mark the limits of its territory, to bring the sexes closer together breeding periods or to warn of a danger.
  • an odorous substance is used capable of being perceived by an animal belonging to the canidae family, such as dogs, or to the class insects, such as butterflies, cockroaches and bees.
  • an odorous substance (s) capable of being detected spontaneously by an animal (or a group of animals) is used. belonging to a given family or species.
  • pheromonl substance s
  • pheromone substance is used here, either the pheromone itself, or a substance entering into the composition thereof. We know that most pheromones are made up of more or less complex combinations of molecules.
  • pheromonales substances chosen from sexual or alarm pheromonales are used.
  • ⁇ -ionone as an odorous substance alone or in combination with at least one other odorous substance.
  • the ⁇ -ionone is detected specifically and spontaneously by the canine at extremely low thresholds, from 4.104 to 4.106 molecules per cm3, while the detection threshold for humans of this same substance is 3.1.108 molecules per cm3.
  • This type of marking does not involve any training of the animal intended for detection. As indicated above, it will be entirely possible to use the dogs normally present at customs posts and trained for drug detection.
  • an odorous substance (s) capable of being detected by an animal (or a group of animals) having undergone training is used. or a packaging for recognizing said (or said) odorous substance (s).
  • the substances will be chosen as a function of the behavioral detection threshold of the animal, which must, imperatively as has already been indicated above, be different from that of humans, which will limit the number of molecules that can be used.
  • odorous substance capable of being perceived by canids
  • the caryophylene epoxide is detected by the dog at traces 1.10 ⁇ 6 g, that is to say a volatilized amount of 10 ⁇ 12 mole / liter.
  • dogs trained for the detection of drugs will also be directly usable for the remote location of objects thus marked.
  • the quantity of odorous substance (s) can be trapped in a support which is invisibly attached by the human eye to the object to be marked. This will be the case in particular when the process must be applied to the marking of objects of the tapestry type, carpet; books, stamps and tables; furs and leathers; and furniture.
  • the quantity of odorous substance (s) in and / or on a support constituted by the object to be marked itself. This will be the case in particular when the method is applied to the marking of metallic objects such as silverware or of objects made of oxides or silicoaluminates such as ceramics, glassware and precious and semi-precious stones.
  • a film, a capillary, a cartridge, a fiber or a sponge will be used as support; preferably these elements will be synthetic in nature, such as polyethylene and the like.
  • various methods can be used to trap the odorant (s) on the support; mention may in particular be made of grafting, injection of solutions or odorous granules.
  • the mode of inclusion of the support (odor trap) in the object depends on the nature of the latter and, possibly, on the chemical characteristics of the principles used for marking.
  • Such a support may consist of an organic and / or synthetic fiber or capillary in which has (or have) been trapped said (or said) odorant substance (s); in this case, the fiber will be curled up in the trap created in the object and its length will be directly linked to the chemical characteristics of the selected signal, as well than its release time.
  • the trap could also be constituted by a solution saturated by said (or said) odorous substance (s) and having polymerized in situ, or else a molecular sieve cartridge containing said (or said) odorous substance (s) ) and stamped in the microscopic orifice, the mesh of the sieve to be chosen according to the size of the selected molecules, the volume introduced (and consequently the volume of the trap) depending on the optimal release time.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zur Markierung eines Gegenstandes, ohne diesen zu beschädigen und ohne andere Mittel zur Detektion der Markierung zu besitzen als Mittel zur Erkennung des Vorhandenseins und der Beschaffenheit der Markierung, wobei die Markierung mit der Absicht erfolgt, im Falle einen Verlustes oder eines Diebstahl des markierten Gegenstandes entweder ein Wiederfinden des Gegenstandes zu ermöglichen oder eine Bestimmung, ob ein für das bloße Auge anscheinend identischer Gegenstand der gesuchte Gegenstand ist oder nicht, wobei man auf dem zu markierenden Gegenstand in einer für das menschliche Auge nicht erkennbaren Weise eine Menge wenigstens einer geruchsbildenden Substanz aufträgt, die für den Menschen physiologisch nicht wahrnehmbar ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge ausreicht, um aus der Entfernung von einem Tier wahrgenommen zu werden, von dem man weiß, daß es die Fähigkeit besitzt, den Ursprung des durch die geruchsbildende(n) Substanz(en) emittierten Geruchs zu suchen und/oder daß es ein bestimmtes Verhalten in Gegenwart dieser Substanz(en) zeigen wird, wobei die Substanz(en) ausgewählt ist (sind) unter:
    - pheromonalen Substanzen, die für die zur Detektion verwendeten tierischen Spezies spezifisch sind;
    - kurzkettigen aliphatischen Fettsäuren mit 2 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen, insbesondere Essig-, Propion-, Isobutter-, Isovalerian- und Isocapronsäure; Ketonen, insbesondere α-Ionon und 2-Piperidon; Aldehyden, insbesondere 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyd; Aminen, insbesondere Triethylamin; o- und p-Hydroxybenzoesäuren und deren Estern, insbesondere p-Hydroxybenzoesäure, Methyl-, Ethyl- und Propyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, und Methylsalicylat(-orthohydroxybenzoat); und verschiedenen Rohextrakten aus Urin sowie den aktiven Bestandteilen davon; und
    - Caryophylenepoxid,
    alleine oder in Kombination mit wenigstens einer anderen geruchsbildenden Substanz.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die geruchsbildende(n) Substanz(en) ausgewählt ist (sind) unter pheromonalen Sexual- und Signalsubstanzen.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die geruchsbildende(n) Substanz(en) α-Ionon alleine oder in Kombination mit wenigstens einer anderen geruchsbildenden Substanz umfaßt (umfassen).
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine (mehrere) geruchsbildende Substanz(en) verwendet, die von einem Tier aus der Familie der Kaniden, wie zum Beispiel einem Hund, oder aus der Klasse der Insekten, wie zum Beispiel einem Schmetterling, einer Schabe oder einer Biene, wahrgenommen werden kann (können).
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine (mehrere) geruchsbildende Substanz(en) verwendet, die von einem Tier (oder eine Gruppe von Tieren) aufspürbar ist (sind), das (die) einer Dressur oder einer Reflexbildung für die Erkennung der geruchsbildenden Substanz(en) unterzogen wurde(n).
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, zur Anwendung insbesondere bei der Markierung von Gegenständen wie Wandteppichen, Teppichen; Büchern, Briefmarken und Gemälden; Kürschnerwaren und Leder; sowie Möbeln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Menge der geruchsbildenden Substanz(en) in einem unsichtbar für das menschliche Auge auf den zu markierenden Gegenstand angebrachten Träger aufnimmt.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Träger eine dünne Folie, eine Kapillare, eine Kartusche, eine Faser oder einen Schwamm verwendet.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die geruchsbildende(n) Substanz(en) in den Träger durch Pfropfung, Injektion von Lösungen oder als geruchsbildende Granulate aufnimmt.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, verwendet insbesondere zur Markierung von metallischen Gegenständen, wie Goldschmiedegegenständen oder oxidischen oder Aluminosilikat-Gegenständen, wie Keramiken, Glaswaren, Edel- und Halbedelsteinen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Menge der geruchsbildenden Substanz(en) in und/oder auf einen Träger aufbringt, der aus dem zu markierenden Gegenstand selbst besteht.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine elektrochemische Pfropfung auf der Oberfläche des zu markierenden Gegenstandes mit wenigstens einem Polymer durchführt, in dem (in denen), das (die) geruchsbildene(n) Substanz(en) eingeschlossen ist (sind).
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine Mikrobohrung mit Hilfe eines Lasers auf der Oberfläche des zu markierenden Gegenstandes durchführt, so daß eine mikroskopische Falle ausgebildet wird, in der man anschließend die geruchsbildende(n) Substanz(en) einführt, welche von einem Träger, wie einer organischen und/oder synthetischen Faser oder Kapillare getragen wird (werden), worin die geruchsbildende(n) Substanz(en) enthalten ist (sind); eine mit der (den) geruchsbildenen Substanz(en) gesättigte Lösung, die in situ polymerisiert ist, einführt; oder eine Kartusche mit einem Molekularsieb, welche die geruchsbildene(n) Substanz(en) einschließt, einführt.
EP19880902864 1987-03-30 1988-03-18 Verfahren zur kennzeichnung eines gegenstandes um diesen von weitem erkennbar zu machen im falle von diebstahl oder verlust Expired - Lifetime EP0356442B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88902864T ATE99074T1 (de) 1987-03-30 1988-03-18 Verfahren zur kennzeichnung eines gegenstandes um diesen von weitem erkennbar zu machen im falle von diebstahl oder verlust.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8704379A FR2613518B1 (fr) 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Procede pour marquer un objet dans le but de pouvoir detecter cet objet a distance en cas de perte ou de vol
FR8704379 1987-03-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0356442A1 EP0356442A1 (de) 1990-03-07
EP0356442B1 true EP0356442B1 (de) 1993-12-22

Family

ID=9349552

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880902864 Expired - Lifetime EP0356442B1 (de) 1987-03-30 1988-03-18 Verfahren zur kennzeichnung eines gegenstandes um diesen von weitem erkennbar zu machen im falle von diebstahl oder verlust

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0356442B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2571114B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1314200C (de)
DE (1) DE3886528T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2006872A6 (de)
FR (1) FR2613518B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1988007736A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1179808B (de) * 1953-08-20 1964-10-15 Dr Friedrich Foerster Einrichtung zum Aufsuchen von unter Schnee-, Sand- oder dergleichen Massen verschuetteten Lebewesen
US3733178A (en) * 1970-04-02 1973-05-15 Allergan Pharma Chemical coding method
DE3307622A1 (de) * 1983-01-14 1984-07-19 Karl-Heinz 6000 Frankfurt Brück Markierungsmittel fuer textilien, insbesondere fuer teppiche, und verfahren zu deren herstellung und anwendung
US4517920A (en) * 1984-01-03 1985-05-21 Yoshikazu Yamamoto Domestic pets' chamberpot

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2006872A6 (es) 1989-05-16
WO1988007736A1 (fr) 1988-10-06
JPH02503475A (ja) 1990-10-18
CA1314200C (fr) 1993-03-09
FR2613518A1 (fr) 1988-10-07
FR2613518B1 (fr) 1989-06-23
EP0356442A1 (de) 1990-03-07
DE3886528D1 (de) 1994-02-03
DE3886528T2 (de) 1994-06-01
JP2571114B2 (ja) 1997-01-16

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