EP0350891B1 - Spraying device for coating test panels with laquers - Google Patents

Spraying device for coating test panels with laquers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0350891B1
EP0350891B1 EP89112752A EP89112752A EP0350891B1 EP 0350891 B1 EP0350891 B1 EP 0350891B1 EP 89112752 A EP89112752 A EP 89112752A EP 89112752 A EP89112752 A EP 89112752A EP 0350891 B1 EP0350891 B1 EP 0350891B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spraying device
test panel
carriage
gun
holder
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP89112752A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0350891A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Höffer
Uwe Weinreich
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Axalta Coating Systems Germany GmbH and Co KG
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Herberts GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0405—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with reciprocating or oscillating spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/005—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 mounted on vehicles or designed to apply a liquid on a very large surface, e.g. on the road, on the surface of large containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spraying device for coating test panels with lacquers, it also being possible to provide multi-layer lacquers.
  • test spraying To assess some properties of paints it is necessary to carry out test spraying. For example, you can only assess opacity or flow behavior on certain substrates if you have a test coating with the paint to be tested.
  • a test panel made of steel, aluminum or plastic, for example is clamped in a holding device.
  • the test panel is then coated by an automatic machine that moves a spray gun over the sheet. This movement is usually carried out in such a way that the test panel is sprayed with paint from bottom to top in Z lines.
  • the spray gun must therefore perform semicircular movements, which can result in an uneven coating of paint on the test panel, because in the area of this semicircular spray path part the overlap is different than when the spray path is straight.
  • the distance between gun and object is constantly changing. This results in different results from spraying to spraying, which makes comparability difficult or even impossible.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a spraying device which reproducibly provides test boards with a uniform layer of lacquer, the type of lacquer application also being selectable.
  • a spray device for coating test panels with paints with a holder for at least one spray gun, with a carriage for the holder, with a drive device and a gear for the horizontal movement of the carriage, and a programmable control device for guiding the carriage .
  • This spraying device is characterized in that it has a test panel holder and a drive which can be driven by the drive device for the vertical stroke of the carriage and that the transmission for the vertical stroke of the carriage is provided with a lock which only releases the transmission when the spray gun is in one
  • the point of reversal of their horizontal path is to the side of a test board attached to the test board holder, a rotating device being provided on the test board holder for applying a cloister cover.
  • the spraying device has a test panel holder to which the test panel is attached. If the test panel is made of steel, it can be attached with the help of magnets, non-magnetic materials such as plastic are attached with double-sided adhesive tape or with suction lifters. Furthermore, the spray device has at least one holder for a spray gun. A commercially available automatic spray gun is inserted into this holder. If the test panel is to be coated with a multi-layer lacquer, a spray gun and thus also a holder is provided for each type of paint, for example spray gun I takes over the base coat application, spray gun II takes over the clear coat application. The holder is moved by a carriage, at least one drive device being provided.
  • both the vertical stroke of the carriage and its horizontal movement are carried out.
  • the movement is controlled so that the gear for the vertical stroke of the carriage can only be driven when the nozzle of the active spray gun is in one of the two end positions to the side of the test panel, otherwise a lock is effective.
  • the spray gun is only moved in the horizontal direction. This creates a coat of paint when the test panel is coated, which consists of strictly parallel horizontal strips. In general, the coating will be carried out from bottom to top, as with conventional spray guns.
  • a programmable control device coordinates the vertical and horizontal movements. The control device also performs other tasks, which are explained below.
  • the drive device is either an electric motor or a pneumatic drive motor.
  • the latter embodiment is explosion-proof.
  • connection possibility for a printer can be provided on the spraying device if it is necessary to record characteristic data in a printed protocol.
  • test panel holder can be designed so that the test panel can be pivoted about a horizontal axis.
  • the angle of incidence of the spray jet which is normally 90 °, can then be varied, expediently from 90 to 135 °.
  • the distance of the test panel holder from the spray gun is adjustable.
  • the speed of the horizontal movement of the spray gun can be infinitely adjusted from 0.1 to 1 m / s and can be read exactly on a measuring device.
  • the vertical speed is always analog to the horizontal speed.
  • the vertical stroke of the gun takes place in preset steps, for example of 20, 40 or 60 mm. Of course, other increments are possible if you use a different gear.
  • the stroke itself is carried out in the right or left end position range of the guns.
  • the programmable control device provides that some important spray programs can be permanently installed and selected using a selector switch.
  • the "Surface application” program the entire surface of the test panel is coated with the same thickness as possible.
  • the pistol moves from its basic position in the bottom left reversal point from bottom to top in the manner previously described over the board. If a second spray cycle is to take place, then it must be restarted. It may be necessary to switch to pistol II if e.g. a clear coat is to be applied after a base coat application. Since it is restarted manually in each case, a desired evaporation time between two spray cycles can be waited for.
  • the test panel is coated to different degrees.
  • the first order is made from bottom to top, as before, but remains in the upper position.
  • the program is started again manually, now the gun coats from top to bottom.
  • the gun closes and returns to the top position without spraying.
  • a third of the test panel is coated from top to bottom. The gun closes and then returns to its home position.
  • the gun moves from the basic position into the middle of its vertical total stroke, sprays horizontally once over the center of the test panel and stops. If this process is to be repeated, the start is triggered again manually.
  • the functions of the programmable control device can be selected on an operating board.
  • a selector switch is provided for preselecting the increments for the vertical stroke of the gun. The smaller the jump, the closer the coverage is. The activation of the switch remains ineffective during a program run.
  • Another switch is used to select spray gun I or II.
  • the desired program is started with the "Start” button.
  • This key is expediently designed as an illuminated key which lights up during the entire program run. If the "Wedge application” program has started, the key flashes during the flash-off time. After the program has ended, the light button goes out. If the program is to be interrupted, this can be done by pressing the "Stop” button. If it is started again, the program continues from where it was interrupted.
  • An "emergency stop” push button is provided for emergencies. When this button is pressed, the program is interrupted immediately and the machine stops. Only after the push button is unlocked and the start button is pressed again does the gun return to the basic position and the program starts again.
  • Another push button is provided for the horizontal movement of the gun.
  • the gearbox for the vertical stroke is disengaged so that the gun can only move horizontally.
  • This button can be used as a tip button to position the gun very precisely. If the button is pressed, the gun moves to the right or left reversal point as long as it is pressed and stops there. After pressing again, it moves to the other reversal point.
  • This device is for easy cleaning or changing the Guns thought. This key is ineffective while the program is running.
  • the selected gun sprays by tapping the "Test Syringe” button, and tapping switches off when you tap again. This key is also ineffective while the program is running.
  • An indicator light is also provided on the control panel in the event of a fault. With a steady light, it indicates that the motor protection switch has responded. When the flashing light flashes for approx. 1 second, the clutch has not found the preselected gear when preselecting the step size. If the flashing light flashes for approx. 0.1 seconds, a battery change for the RAM memory in the controller is required.
  • An eddy current tachometer is provided to measure the horizontal speed of the gun.
  • the speed display is to the right when the gun carriage is moving from bottom to top and to the left when it is driving from top to bottom.
  • the horizontal speed can be set with a handwheel.
  • This handwheel acts directly on the drive via a flexible shaft. The speed may only be set when the machine is running, the push button for the vertical stroke of the gun must be pressed.
  • the spray device is intended for spray guns operated with compressed air.
  • a pressure reducer is installed for each gun to regulate the air pressure in the atomizing air.
  • the control can be freely programmable. Then the identification functions to be selected with the keys and parameters can be entered. An output unit is then expediently provided so that a protocol can be created.
  • the control must be pneumatic. It is then not freely programmable.
  • Fig. 1 shows the front view
  • Fig. 2 shows a side view of the spray device according to the invention.
  • the base frame (1) rests on two fixed castors (6) and two swivel castors (7).
  • the swivel castors (7) are equipped with double-stop brakes that can be locked when spraying. This prevents the device from vibrating.
  • the subordinate (1) consists of a cuboid frame on which cladding panels are attached.
  • the side cladding panels and the cladding panel on the side facing the test panel (17) can be unscrewed.
  • Gearbox (3), drive (4) and clutch cylinder (5) are easily accessible.
  • the central air supply (18) is also accommodated on the base (1).
  • the atomizing air for the spray guns is taken from here.
  • a fastening element (2) for the cladding sheets is indicated schematically.
  • a strut (8) is attached to the left side of the underframe (1), at the upper end of which another strut (13) is fastened vertically via a toggle handle (10).
  • the test panel holder (9) is located at the outer end of the strut (13).
  • the test panel holder (9) can be infinitely adjusted up to 45 ° around its center on the toggle handle (10).
  • a guide column (11) is provided on the base frame (1).
  • the operating board which is described in detail below in connection with FIG. 2, is accommodated on the one hand on the guide column (11), on the other hand there is the gun carrier (12).
  • the carriage for the horizontal movement of the guns is accommodated in the gun carrier (12).
  • the gun holder (12) is moved in a vertical direction by the drive (4) via a shaft (19), namely between a lower position A and an indicated upper position B.
  • the gun holder (16) is located on the carriage.
  • a protective plate (14) is also provided on the guide column (11), which is secured by four countersunk screws and can optionally be pulled out upwards. This mudguard (14) protects the Guide shafts and two roller limit switches and the initiator for the counter.
  • the functions are explained in detail on the control panel, shown in FIG. 3.
  • the first button on the control panel contains the pushbuttons for "control on” (31), "control off” (33) and a signal lamp (32) in the middle.
  • the second line contains three selector switches, whereby the selector switch (34) offers the possibility of choosing between the three programs described above, surface application, wedge application and line application.
  • the vertical stroke jumps are preselected with the selector switch (35), and spray gun I or II is selected with the selector switch (36).
  • the spray gun I is on the gun holder (12) the spray gun (21). This selector switch is always active, even during the program run.
  • the button (37) the program selected via the selector switch (34) is started.
  • This button (37) is designed as a light button, and the program sequence is indicated by the lighting. If the "Wedge application" program has started, the key (37) flashes during the flash-off time. With the button (38) the program can be interrupted at any point and continued with the program start with the button (27).
  • These buttons (37, 38) are housed together with a fault indicator (39) on the third line of the control panel.
  • the fault indicator (39) is a light indicator and indicates three different errors, namely that either the motor protection switch has responded, that the clutch has not found the preselected gear or that a battery change for the RAM memory in the control is due.
  • This key (40) can be used as a tip key for precise positioning of the gun (20, 21). If the button (40) is pressed continuously, the gun (20, 21) moves to the left or right end point to stop there and only continue when the button (40) is pressed again. When the button (41) is pressed, the transmission engages in the preselected gear and the gun carrier (12) moves up or down along the guide column (11), the gun (20, 21) being carried along. Tapping the button (42) triggers a test spray which lasts until this button (42) is tapped again.
  • the buttons (40, 41, 42) are arranged in the fourth line of the control panel.
  • the "emergency stop” push button (43) Under the fourth line is the "emergency stop” push button (43), the actuation of which interrupts the program immediately, so that the device stops.
  • the push button (43) must be unlocked by pressing and turning clockwise before pressing the button (37) to return the spray gun (20, 21) to its basic position and to start the program again.
  • the horizontal speed of the spray guns (20, 21) is indicated by the eddy current tachometer (44), to the right when the gun holder (12) moves up and to the left when the gun holder (12) moves down. The speed can be adjusted using the handwheel (45). The handwheel must never be adjusted when the device is at a standstill.
  • the pushbutton (41) must always be pressed at the same time.
  • the handwheel (45) acts directly on the drive (4) via a flexible shaft.
  • the adjustment is self-locking, so that locking is unnecessary.
  • the setting range is from 0 to 1 m / s.
  • the air pressure for the atomizing air for the spray guns (20, 21) is set on the pressure reducers (48, 49) and can be read on the respective display (46, 47).
  • a spray cycle for coating a test panel with a layer of paint is then prepared as follows: First, the test panel is attached and the distance between the spray gun and the test panel is set. The built-in spray gun should also be checked. Then the main switch is turned on, then the switch (31) for the control. The horizontal speed for the spray guns (20, 21) is then set using the handwheel (45) in the manner previously described. A spray gun (20, 21) is selected and the air pressure for the spray gun is determined via the respective pressure reducer (48, 49). Then the selector switch (34) is brought into the corresponding position, which corresponds to the desired order, namely area, wedge or line application. Finally, the vertical stroke is set using the selector switch (35). It is advisable to carry out a test spraying with the button (42) before the actual program run. The program can now be started using the button (37).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Spritzvorrichtung zum Beschichten von Prüftafeln mit Lacken, wobei auch Mehrschichtlacke vorgesehen sein können.The invention relates to a spraying device for coating test panels with lacquers, it also being possible to provide multi-layer lacquers.

Zum Beurteilen mancher Eigenschaften von Lacken ist es notwendig, Probespritzungen durchzuführen. So kann man beispielsweise die Deckfähigkeit oder das Fließverhalten auf bestimmten Trägermaterialien nur dann beurteilen, wenn man eine Probebeschichtung mit dem zu prüfenden Lack vorliegen hat.To assess some properties of paints it is necessary to carry out test spraying. For example, you can only assess opacity or flow behavior on certain substrates if you have a test coating with the paint to be tested.

Dazu wird eine Prüftafel, die beispielsweise aus Stahl, Aluminium oder Kunststoff besteht, in eine Haltevorrichtung eingespannt. Das Beschichten der Prüftafel erfolgt dann durch einen Automaten, der eine Spritzpistole über das Blech bewegt. Diese Bewegung erfolgt üblicherweise so, daß die Prüftafel in Z-Linien von unten nach oben mit Farbe besprüht wird. Die Spritzpistole muß dabei also halbkreisförmige Bewegungen ausführen, wodurch auf der Prüftafel eine ungleichmäßige Beschichtung mit Lackfarbe entstehen kann, denn im Bereich dieses halbkreisförmigen Spritzwegteiles ist die Überlappung eine andere, als wenn der Spritzweg gradlinig verläuft. Außerdem ändert sich laufend der Abstand Pistole - Objekt. So ergeben sich auch von Spritzgang zu Spritzgang unterschiedliche Ergebnisse, was die Vergleichbarkeit erschwert oder gar unmöglich macht.For this purpose, a test panel made of steel, aluminum or plastic, for example, is clamped in a holding device. The test panel is then coated by an automatic machine that moves a spray gun over the sheet. This movement is usually carried out in such a way that the test panel is sprayed with paint from bottom to top in Z lines. The spray gun must therefore perform semicircular movements, which can result in an uneven coating of paint on the test panel, because in the area of this semicircular spray path part the overlap is different than when the spray path is straight. In addition, the distance between gun and object is constantly changing. This results in different results from spraying to spraying, which makes comparability difficult or even impossible.

In der US-A-3,606,162 wird ein Spritzautomat für die industrielle Lackierung beschrieben, bei dem sich eine Spritzpistole vertikal anhebbar auf einem horizontal beweglichen Wagen befindet. Beim Lackiervorgang wird das zu lackierende Objekt horizontal kontinuierlich an der Spritzpistole vorbeigeführt, die während des Spritzvorganges vertikal auf und ab bewegt wird. Die gleichmäßige reproduzierbare Lackierung von Prüftafeln wird nicht beschrieben.In US-A-3,606,162 an automatic spray gun for industrial painting is described, in which a spray gun is vertically liftable on a horizontally movable carriage. During the painting process, the object to be painted is continuously moved horizontally past the spray gun, which is moved vertically up and down during the spraying process. The uniform, reproducible coating of test panels is not described.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Spritzvorrichtung zu schaffen, die reproduzierbar Prüftafeln mit einer gleichmäßigen Lackschicht versieht, wobei auch die Art des Lackauftrages wählbar sein soll.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a spraying device which reproducibly provides test boards with a uniform layer of lacquer, the type of lacquer application also being selectable.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Spritzvorrichtung zum Beschichten von Prüftafeln mit Lacken, mit einem Halter für wenigstens eine Spritzpistole, mit einem Wagen für den Halter, mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung und einem Getriebe für die Horizontalbewegung des Wagens, sowie einer programmierbaren Steuervorrichtung zum Führen des Wagens. Diese Spritzvorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Prüftafelhalter und ein von der Antriebsvorrichtung antreibbares Getriebe für den Vertikalhub des Wagens aufweist und daß das Getriebe für den Vertikalhub des Wagens mit einer Sperre versehen ist, welche das Getriebe nur dann freigibt, wenn die Spritzpistole in einem Umkehrpunkt ihres horizontalen Weges seitlich neben einer an dem Prüftafelhalter befestigten Prüftafel ist, wobei am Prüftafelhalter eine Dreheinrichtung zum Aufbringen einer Kreuzgangüberdeckung vorgesehen ist.This object is achieved according to the invention by a spray device for coating test panels with paints, with a holder for at least one spray gun, with a carriage for the holder, with a drive device and a gear for the horizontal movement of the carriage, and a programmable control device for guiding the carriage . This spraying device is characterized in that it has a test panel holder and a drive which can be driven by the drive device for the vertical stroke of the carriage and that the transmission for the vertical stroke of the carriage is provided with a lock which only releases the transmission when the spray gun is in one The point of reversal of their horizontal path is to the side of a test board attached to the test board holder, a rotating device being provided on the test board holder for applying a cloister cover.

Die erfindungsgemäße Spritzvorrichtung weist einen Prüftafelhalter auf, an dem die Prüftafel befestigt wird. Besteht die Prüftafel aus Stahl, kann sie mit Hilfe von Magneten befestigt werden, nicht-magnetische Materialien wie Kunststoff werden mit doppelseitigem Klebeband oder mit Saughebern befestigt. Weiterhin weist die Spritzvorrichtung wenigstens einen Halter für eine Spritzpistole auf. In diesen Halter wird eine handelsübliche Automaten-Spritzpistole eingesetzt. Soll die Beschichtung der Prüftafel mit einem Mehrschichtlack erfolgen, so ist für jede Lackart eine Spritzpistole und damit auch ein Halter vorgesehen, es übernimmt also beispielsweise Spritzpistole I den Base-Coat-Auftrag, Spritzpistole II den Clear-Coat-Auftrag. Die Bewegung der Halter erfolgt über einen Wagen, wobei wenigstens eine Antriebsvorrichtung vorgesehen ist. Mit Hilfe der Antriebsvorrichtung wird sowohl der Vertikalhub des Wagens als auch seine Horizontalbewegung vorgenommen. Die Steuerung der Bewegung erfolgt so, daß das Getriebe für den Vertikalhub des Wagens nur dann antreibbar ist, wenn die Düse der jeweils aktiven Spritzpistole in einer der beiden Endpositionen seitlich neben der Prüftafel ist, sonst ist eine Sperre wirksam. Solange sich die Düse also vor der Prüftafel befindet, wird die Spritzpistole nur in horizontaler Richtung bewegt. So entsteht bei der Beschichtung der Prüftafel ein Lackauftrag, der aus streng parallelen horizontalen Streifen besteht. Im allgemeinen wird die Beschichtung wie bei den üblichen Spritzautomaten von unten nach oben erfolgen. Die Koordination von Vertikal- und Horizontalbewegung übernimmt eine programmierbare Steuervorrichtung. Die Steuervorrichtung übernimmt auch noch andere Aufgaben, die weiter unten erläutert werden.The spraying device according to the invention has a test panel holder to which the test panel is attached. If the test panel is made of steel, it can be attached with the help of magnets, non-magnetic materials such as plastic are attached with double-sided adhesive tape or with suction lifters. Furthermore, the spray device has at least one holder for a spray gun. A commercially available automatic spray gun is inserted into this holder. If the test panel is to be coated with a multi-layer lacquer, a spray gun and thus also a holder is provided for each type of paint, for example spray gun I takes over the base coat application, spray gun II takes over the clear coat application. The holder is moved by a carriage, at least one drive device being provided. With the help of the drive device, both the vertical stroke of the carriage and its horizontal movement are carried out. The movement is controlled so that the gear for the vertical stroke of the carriage can only be driven when the nozzle of the active spray gun is in one of the two end positions to the side of the test panel, otherwise a lock is effective. As long as the nozzle is in front of the test panel, the spray gun is only moved in the horizontal direction. This creates a coat of paint when the test panel is coated, which consists of strictly parallel horizontal strips. In general, the coating will be carried out from bottom to top, as with conventional spray guns. A programmable control device coordinates the vertical and horizontal movements. The control device also performs other tasks, which are explained below.

Die Antriebsvorrichtung ist entweder ein Elektromotor oder ein pneumatischer Antriebsmotor. Die letztere Ausführungsform ist explosionsgeschützt.The drive device is either an electric motor or a pneumatic drive motor. The latter embodiment is explosion-proof.

Weiterhin kann an der Spritzvorrichtung eine Anschlußmöglichkeit für einen Drucker vorgesehen sein, wenn es erforderlich ist, Kenndaten in einem ausgedruckten Protokoll zu erfassen.Furthermore, a connection possibility for a printer can be provided on the spraying device if it is necessary to record characteristic data in a printed protocol.

Der Prüftafelhalter kann so gestaltet sein, daß die Prüftafel um eine horizontal liegende Achse schwenkbar ist. Der Auftreffwinkel des Sprühstrahles, der im Normalfall 90° beträgt, kann dann variiert werden, und zwar zweckmäßig von 90 bis 135°. Als weitere Möglichkeit ist vorgesehen, daß der Abstand des Prüftafelhalters von der Spritzpistole einstellbar ist.The test panel holder can be designed so that the test panel can be pivoted about a horizontal axis. The angle of incidence of the spray jet, which is normally 90 °, can then be varied, expediently from 90 to 135 °. Another possibility is provided that the distance of the test panel holder from the spray gun is adjustable.

Die Geschwindigkeit der Horizontalbewegung der Spritzpistole kann von 0,1 bis 1 m/s stufenlos eingestellt und an einer Meßeinrichtung exakt abgelesen werden. Die Vertikalgeschwindigkeit ist zur Horizontalgeschwindigkeit immer analog.The speed of the horizontal movement of the spray gun can be infinitely adjusted from 0.1 to 1 m / s and can be read exactly on a measuring device. The vertical speed is always analog to the horizontal speed.

Der Vertikalhub der Pistole erfolgt in voreingstellten Schritten, beispielsweise von 20, 40 oder 60 mm. Selbstverständlich sind auch andere Schrittweiten möglich, wenn man ein anderes Getriebe verwendet. Der Hub selbst wird im rechten oder linken Endlagenbereich der Pistolen durchgeführt.The vertical stroke of the gun takes place in preset steps, for example of 20, 40 or 60 mm. Of course, other increments are possible if you use a different gear. The stroke itself is carried out in the right or left end position range of the guns.

Die programmierbare Steuervorrichtung sieht vor, daß einige wichtige Spritzprogramme fest installiert und per Wahlschalter angewählt werden können. Beim Programm " Flächenauftrag " wird die Prüftafel ganzflächig mit möglichst gleicher Dicke beschichtet. Dabei fährt die Pistole aus ihrer Grundstellung im untersten linken Umkehrpunkt von unten nach oben in der vorher beschriebenen Weise über die Tafel. Soll ein zweiter Spritzzyklus erfolgen, so muß neu gestartet werden. Gegebenenfalls muß auf die Pistole II geschaltet werden, wenn z.B. nach einem Base-Coat-Auftrag ein Clear-Coat-Auftrag erfolgen soll. Da jeweils manuell neu gestartet wird, kann eine gewünschte Abdunstzeit zwischen zwei Spritzzyklen abgewartet werden.The programmable control device provides that some important spray programs can be permanently installed and selected using a selector switch. In the "Surface application" program, the entire surface of the test panel is coated with the same thickness as possible. The pistol moves from its basic position in the bottom left reversal point from bottom to top in the manner previously described over the board. If a second spray cycle is to take place, then it must be restarted. It may be necessary to switch to pistol II if e.g. a clear coat is to be applied after a base coat application. Since it is restarted manually in each case, a desired evaporation time between two spray cycles can be waited for.

Beim Programm " Keilauftrag " wird die Prüftafel unterschiedlich stark beschichtet. Der erste Auftrag erfolgt wie zuvor von unten nach oben, in der oberen Stellung bleibt sie stehen. Nach einer gewissen Abdunstzeit wird das Programm erneut von Hand gestartet, jetzt beschichtet die Pistole von oben nach unten. Wenn zwei Drittel der Prüftafel beschichtet sind, schließt die Pistole, und sie fährt ohne zu Spritzen in die oberste Stellung zurück. Nun wird erneut von Hand gestartet, ein Drittel der Prüftafel wird von oben nach unten beschichtet. Die Pistole schließt und fährt dann in ihre Grundstellung zurück.In the "Wedge application" program, the test panel is coated to different degrees. The first order is made from bottom to top, as before, but remains in the upper position. After a certain evaporation time, the program is started again manually, now the gun coats from top to bottom. When two-thirds of the test panel is coated, the gun closes and returns to the top position without spraying. Now start again by hand, a third of the test panel is coated from top to bottom. The gun closes and then returns to its home position.

Beim Programm " Linienauftrag " fährt die Pistole aus der Grundstellung heraus in die Mitte ihres senkrechten Gesamthubes, spritzt einmal waagerecht über die Mitte der Prüftafel und bleibt stehen. Soll dieser Vorgang wiederholt werden, wird der Start erneut von Hand ausgelöst.With the "Line application" program, the gun moves from the basic position into the middle of its vertical total stroke, sprays horizontally once over the center of the test panel and stops. If this process is to be repeated, the start is triggered again manually.

Die Funktionen der programmierbaren Steuervorrichtung können an einem Bedienbord angewählt werden.The functions of the programmable control device can be selected on an operating board.

Ein Wahlschalter ist für die Vorwahl der Schrittweiten für den Vertikalhub der Pistole vorgesehen. Je kleiner der Sprung, dest enger ist die Überdeckung. Während eines Programmlaufes bleibt die Betätigung des Schalters wirkungslos.A selector switch is provided for preselecting the increments for the vertical stroke of the gun. The smaller the jump, the closer the coverage is. The activation of the switch remains ineffective during a program run.

Ein weiterer Schalter dient zur Anwahl von Spritzpistole I oder II.Another switch is used to select spray gun I or II.

Mit der " Start "-Taste wird das jeweils gewünschte Programm gestartet. Diese Taste ist zweckmäßig als Leuchttaste ausgebildet, die während des ganzen Programmlaufes leuchtet. Ist das Programm " Keilauftrag " gestartet, so blinkt die Taste während der Ablüftzeit. Nach Ablauf des Programmes erlischt die Leuchttaste. Soll das Programm unterbrochen werden, kann dies durch Drücken der " Stop "-Taste geschehen. Wenn erneut gestartet wird, läuft das Programm an der Stelle weiter, wo es unterbrochen wurde.The desired program is started with the "Start" button. This key is expediently designed as an illuminated key which lights up during the entire program run. If the "Wedge application" program has started, the key flashes during the flash-off time. After the program has ended, the light button goes out. If the program is to be interrupted, this can be done by pressing the "Stop" button. If it is started again, the program continues from where it was interrupted.

Für den Notfall ist ein " Not-Aus "-Schlagtaster vorgesehen. Beim Drücken dieser Taste wird das Programm sofort unterbrochen und die Maschine bleibt stehen. Erst nachdem der Schlagtaster entriegelt ist und die Start-Taste erneut gedrückt ist, fährt die Pistole in die Grundstellung zurück und beginnt das Programm von vorn.An "emergency stop" push button is provided for emergencies. When this button is pressed, the program is interrupted immediately and the machine stops. Only after the push button is unlocked and the start button is pressed again does the gun return to the basic position and the program starts again.

Eine weitere Drucktaste ist für die horizontale Bewegung der Pistole vorgesehen. Wenn diese Taste gedrückt wird, wird das Getriebe für den Vertikalhub ausgekuppelt, so daß sich die Pistole nur waagegerecht bewegen kann. Diese Taste kann als Tipp-Taste benutzt werden, um die Pistole sehr genau zu positionieren. Wird die Taste gedrückt, fährt die Pistole, solange gedrückt wird, zum rechten oder linken Umkehrpunkt und bleibt dort stehen. Nach erneutem Drücken fährt sie in den jeweils anderen Umkehrpunkt. Diese Einrichtung ist zum leichten Reinigen oder Wechseln der Pistolen gedacht. Während des Programmablaufes ist diese Taste unwirksam.Another push button is provided for the horizontal movement of the gun. When this button is pressed, the gearbox for the vertical stroke is disengaged so that the gun can only move horizontally. This button can be used as a tip button to position the gun very precisely. If the button is pressed, the gun moves to the right or left reversal point as long as it is pressed and stops there. After pressing again, it moves to the other reversal point. This device is for easy cleaning or changing the Guns thought. This key is ineffective while the program is running.

Durch Tippen der Taste " Probespritzen " spritzt die jeweils angewählte Pistole, bei erneutem Tippen schaltet sie ab. Auch diese Taste ist während des Programmablaufes unwirksam.The selected gun sprays by tapping the "Test Syringe" button, and tapping switches off when you tap again. This key is also ineffective while the program is running.

Am Bedienbord ist weiterhin ein Leuchtmelder für den Störungsfall vorgesehen. Mit Dauerlicht zeigt er an, daß der Motorschutzschalter angesprochen hat. Bei Blinklicht mit ca. 1 Sekunde Blinkdauer hat die Kupplung den vorgewählten Gang bei der Vorwahl der Schrittweite nicht gefunden. Wenn das Blinklicht mit ca. 0,1 Sekunden blinkt, ist ein Batteriewechsel für den RAM-Speicher in der Steuerung erforderlich.An indicator light is also provided on the control panel in the event of a fault. With a steady light, it indicates that the motor protection switch has responded. When the flashing light flashes for approx. 1 second, the clutch has not found the preselected gear when preselecting the step size. If the flashing light flashes for approx. 0.1 seconds, a battery change for the RAM memory in the controller is required.

Zum Messen der Horizontalgeschwindigkeit der Pistole ist ein Wirbelstromtachometer vorgesehen. Die Geschwindigkeitsanzeige erfolgt nach rechts, wenn der Pistolenwagen von unten nach oben fährt, und nach links, wenn er von oben nach unten fährt.An eddy current tachometer is provided to measure the horizontal speed of the gun. The speed display is to the right when the gun carriage is moving from bottom to top and to the left when it is driving from top to bottom.

Mit einem Handrad kann die Horizontalgeschwindigkeit eingestellt werden. Dieses Handrad wirkt über eine biegsame Welle direkt auf den Antrieb. Das Einstellen der Geschwindigkeit darf nur bei laufender Maschine erfolgen, wobei der Drucktaster für den Vertikalhub der Pistole gedrückt sein muß.The horizontal speed can be set with a handwheel. This handwheel acts directly on the drive via a flexible shaft. The speed may only be set when the machine is running, the push button for the vertical stroke of the gun must be pressed.

Die Spritzvorrichtung ist für mit Druckluft betriebene Spritzpistolen vorgesehen. Für die Regulierung des Luftdruckes der Zerstäuberluft ist für jede Pistole ein Druckminderer eingebaut.The spray device is intended for spray guns operated with compressed air. A pressure reducer is installed for each gun to regulate the air pressure in the atomizing air.

Die Steuerung kann frei programmierbar sein. Dann können die mit den Tasten anzuwählenden Kennfunktionen als auch Paramter eingegeben werden. Zweckmäßig ist dann eine Ausgabeeinheit vorgesehen, so daß ein Protokoll erstellt werden kann.The control can be freely programmable. Then the identification functions to be selected with the keys and parameters can be entered. An output unit is then expediently provided so that a protocol can be created.

Soll die gesamte Spritzvorrichtung explosionsgeschützt sein, muß die Steuerung pneumatisch erfolgen. Sie ist dann nicht frei pragrammierbar.If the entire spraying device is to be explosion-proof, the control must be pneumatic. It is then not freely programmable.

Die Erfindung wird beispielhaft anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
die Vorderansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Spritzvorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung und
Fig. 3
das Bedienbord der Spritzvorrichtung.
The invention is explained by way of example with reference to the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
the front view of the spraying device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a side view of the device and
Fig. 3
the sprayer control panel.

Fig. 1 zeigt die Vorderansicht und Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Spritzvorrichtung. Das Untergestell (1) ruht auf zwei Bockrollen (6) und zwei Lenkrollen (7). Die Lenkrollen (7) sind mit Doppelstop-Bremsen versehen, die beim Spritzen festzustellen sind. Dadurch wird ein Schwingen der Vorrichtung verhindert. Das Untergestellt (1) besteht aus einem quaderförmigen Rahmen, auf dem Verkleidungsbleche angebracht sind. Die seitlichen Verkleidungsbleche und das Verkleidungsblech an der der Prüftafel (17) zugewandten Seite sind abschraubbar. So sind Getriebekasten (3), Antrieb (4) und Kupplungszylinder (5) leicht zugänglich. Am Untergestellt (1) ist auch die zentrale Luftversorgung (18) untergebracht. Die Zerstäuberluft für die Spritzpistolen wird von hierher entnommen. Ein Befestigungselement (2) für die Verkleidungsbleche ist schematisch angedeutet. An der linken Seite des Untergestelles (1) ist eine Strebe (8) angebracht, an deren oberen Ende senkrecht eine weitere Strebe (13) über einen Knebelgriff (10) befestigt ist. Am äußeren Ende der Strebe (13) befindet sich der Prüftafelhalter (9). Der Prüftafelhalter (9) läßt sich am Knebelgriff (10) stufenlos bis 45° um seinen Mittelpunkt verstellen. Weiterhin ist am Untergestell (1) eine Führungssäule (11) vorgesehen. An der Führungssäule (11) ist einerseits das Bedienbord untergebracht, das weiter unten im Zusammenhang mit der Fig. 2 im Detail beschrieben wird, andererseits befindet sich daran der Pistolenträger (12). Im Pistolenträger (12) ist der Wagen für die Horizontalbewegung der Pistolen untergebracht. Dieser wird zugänglich, wenn man das obere Abdeckblech (15) abnimmt. Der Pistolenträger (12) wird vom Antrieb (4) über eine Welle (19) in vertikaler Richtung bewegt, und zwar zwischen einer unteren Position A und einer angedeutet dargestellten oberen Position B. Am Wagen befindet sich der Pistolenhalter (16). Für den Betrieb der Vorrichtung ist darauf zu achten, daß das Gewicht der beiden Pistolen (20, 21), den Pistolenhalter (16) und den Luftschläuchen nicht 2,5 kg überschreitet, da bei einem höheren Gewicht die Spritzvorrichtung bei der Geschwindigkeit von 1 m/s ins Schwingen kommen kann. An der Führungssäule (11) ist noch ein Schutzblech (14) vorgesehen, das durch vier Senkschrauben gesichert ist und gegebenenfalls nach oben herausgezogen werden kann. Dieses Schutzblech (14) schützt die Führungswellen sowie zwei Rollenendschalter und den Initiator für den Zähler.Fig. 1 shows the front view and Fig. 2 shows a side view of the spray device according to the invention. The base frame (1) rests on two fixed castors (6) and two swivel castors (7). The swivel castors (7) are equipped with double-stop brakes that can be locked when spraying. This prevents the device from vibrating. The subordinate (1) consists of a cuboid frame on which cladding panels are attached. The side cladding panels and the cladding panel on the side facing the test panel (17) can be unscrewed. Gearbox (3), drive (4) and clutch cylinder (5) are easily accessible. The central air supply (18) is also accommodated on the base (1). The atomizing air for the spray guns is taken from here. A fastening element (2) for the cladding sheets is indicated schematically. A strut (8) is attached to the left side of the underframe (1), at the upper end of which another strut (13) is fastened vertically via a toggle handle (10). The test panel holder (9) is located at the outer end of the strut (13). The test panel holder (9) can be infinitely adjusted up to 45 ° around its center on the toggle handle (10). Furthermore, a guide column (11) is provided on the base frame (1). The operating board, which is described in detail below in connection with FIG. 2, is accommodated on the one hand on the guide column (11), on the other hand there is the gun carrier (12). The carriage for the horizontal movement of the guns is accommodated in the gun carrier (12). This is accessible when the upper cover plate (15) is removed. The gun holder (12) is moved in a vertical direction by the drive (4) via a shaft (19), namely between a lower position A and an indicated upper position B. The gun holder (16) is located on the carriage. For the operation of the device, make sure that the weight of the two guns (20, 21), the gun holder (16) and the air hoses does not exceed 2.5 kg, since with a higher weight the sprayer at a speed of 1 m / s can start to vibrate. A protective plate (14) is also provided on the guide column (11), which is secured by four countersunk screws and can optionally be pulled out upwards. This mudguard (14) protects the Guide shafts and two roller limit switches and the initiator for the counter.

Am Bedienbord, in Fig. 3 dargestellt, werden die Funktionen im einzelnen erläutert. In der ersten Ziele des Bedienbordes finden sich die Drucktaster für " Steuerung ein " (31), " Steuerung aus " (33) sowie eine Meldeleuchte (32) in der Mitte. In der zweiten Zeile sind drei Wahlschalter untergebracht, wobei der Wahlschalter (34) die Möglichkeit bietet, zwischen den drei oben beschriebenen Programmen Flächenauftrag, Keilauftrag und Linienauftrag zu wählen. Mit dem Wahlschalter (35) werden die Vertikalhubsprünge vorgewählt, mit dem Wahlschalter (36) wird Spritzpistole I oder II ausgewählt. Die Spritzpistole I ist am Pistolenträger (12) die Spritzpistole (21). Dieser Wahlschalter ist immer aktiv, auch während des Programmlaufes. Mit der Taste (37) wird das über den Wahlschalter (34) gewählte Programm gestartet. Diese Taste (37) ist als Leuchttaste ausgebildet, und der Programmablauf wird durch das Leuchten angezeigt. Ist das Programm " Keilauftrag " gestartet, so blinkt die Taste (37) während der Ablüftzeit. Mit der Taste (38) kann das Programm an jeder Stelle unterbrochen werden und mit erneutem Programmstart über die Taste (27) weitergeführt werden. Diese Tasten (37, 38) sind zusammen mit einem Störungsmelder (39) in der dritten Zeile des Bedienbordes untergebracht. Der Störungsmelder (39) ist ein Leuchtmelder und zeigtdrei verschiedene Fehler an, nämlich daßentweder der Motorschutzschalter angesprochen hat, daß die Kupplung den vorgewählten Gang nicht gefunden hat oder daß ein Batteriewechsel für den RAM-Speicher in der Steuerung fällig ist. Beim Drücken des Tasters (40) kuppelt das Getriebe in den Leerlauf, und die Spritzpistole (20, 21) bewegt sich in Horizontalrichtung. Diese Taste (40) kann als Tipp-Taste zum genauen Positionieren der Pistole (20, 21) benutzt werden. Wird die Taste (40) dauernd gedrückt, fährt die Pistole (20, 21) zum linken oder rechten Endpunkt, um dort stehenzubleiben und erst beim erneuten Drücken der Taste (40) weiterzufahren. Beim Drücken der Taste (41) kuppelt das Getriebe in den vorgewählten Gang, und der Pistolenträger (12) bewegt sich längs der Führungssäule (11) nach oben oder unten, wobei die Pistole (20, 21) mitgeführt wird. Das Tippen der Taste (42) löst ein Probespritzen aus, das bis zum erneuten Tippen dieser Taste (42) andauert. Die Tasten (40, 41, 42) sind in der vierten Zeile des Bedienbordes angeordnet. Unter der vierten Zeile befindet sich der " Not-aus" -Schlagtaster (43), dessen Betätigung das Programm sofort unterbricht, so daß die Vorrichtung stehenbleibt. Der Schlagtaster (43) muß durch Drücken und Rechtsdrehen entriegelt werden, bevor man durch Drücken der Taste (37) die Spritzpistole (20, 21) in ihre Grundstellung zurückführt und das Programm von vorne beginnt. Die Horizontalgeschwindigkeit der Spritzpistolen (20, 21) wird mit dem Wirbelstromtachometer (44) angezeigt, und zwar nach rechts, wenn der Pistolenträger (12) nach oben fährt, und nach links, wenn der Pistolenträger (12) nach unten fährt. Die Geschwindigkeit kann mit Hilfe des Handrades (45) verstellt werden. Dabei darf man das Handrad niemals beim Stillstand der Vorrichtung verstellen. Immer muß gleichzeitig der Drucktaster (41) betätigt sein. Das Handrad (45) wirkt über eine biegsame Welle direkt auf den Antrieb (4). Die Verstellung ist selbsthemmend, so daß eine Arretierung unnötig ist. Der Einstellbereich geht von 0 bis 1 m/s. Der Luftdruck für die Zerstäuberluft für die Spritzpistolen (20, 21) wird an den Druckminderern (48, 49) eingestellt und kann an der jeweiligen Anzeige (46, 47) abgelesen werden.The functions are explained in detail on the control panel, shown in FIG. 3. The first button on the control panel contains the pushbuttons for "control on" (31), "control off" (33) and a signal lamp (32) in the middle. The second line contains three selector switches, whereby the selector switch (34) offers the possibility of choosing between the three programs described above, surface application, wedge application and line application. The vertical stroke jumps are preselected with the selector switch (35), and spray gun I or II is selected with the selector switch (36). The spray gun I is on the gun holder (12) the spray gun (21). This selector switch is always active, even during the program run. With the button (37) the program selected via the selector switch (34) is started. This button (37) is designed as a light button, and the program sequence is indicated by the lighting. If the "Wedge application" program has started, the key (37) flashes during the flash-off time. With the button (38) the program can be interrupted at any point and continued with the program start with the button (27). These buttons (37, 38) are housed together with a fault indicator (39) on the third line of the control panel. The fault indicator (39) is a light indicator and indicates three different errors, namely that either the motor protection switch has responded, that the clutch has not found the preselected gear or that a battery change for the RAM memory in the control is due. When the button (40) is pressed, the transmission engages in neutral and the spray gun (20, 21) moves in the horizontal direction. This key (40) can be used as a tip key for precise positioning of the gun (20, 21). If the button (40) is pressed continuously, the gun (20, 21) moves to the left or right end point to stop there and only continue when the button (40) is pressed again. When the button (41) is pressed, the transmission engages in the preselected gear and the gun carrier (12) moves up or down along the guide column (11), the gun (20, 21) being carried along. Tapping the button (42) triggers a test spray which lasts until this button (42) is tapped again. The buttons (40, 41, 42) are arranged in the fourth line of the control panel. Under the fourth line is the "emergency stop" push button (43), the actuation of which interrupts the program immediately, so that the device stops. The push button (43) must be unlocked by pressing and turning clockwise before pressing the button (37) to return the spray gun (20, 21) to its basic position and to start the program again. The horizontal speed of the spray guns (20, 21) is indicated by the eddy current tachometer (44), to the right when the gun holder (12) moves up and to the left when the gun holder (12) moves down. The speed can be adjusted using the handwheel (45). The handwheel must never be adjusted when the device is at a standstill. The pushbutton (41) must always be pressed at the same time. The handwheel (45) acts directly on the drive (4) via a flexible shaft. The adjustment is self-locking, so that locking is unnecessary. The setting range is from 0 to 1 m / s. The air pressure for the atomizing air for the spray guns (20, 21) is set on the pressure reducers (48, 49) and can be read on the respective display (46, 47).

Ein Spritzzyklus zum Beschichten einer Prüftafel mit einer Lackschicht wird dann folgendermaßen vorbereitet: Zunächst wird die Prüftafel angebracht und der Abstand zwischen Spritzpistole und Prüftafel eingestellt. Es sollte auch eine Überprüfung der eingebauten Spritzpistole erfolgen. Sodann wird der Hauptschalter eingeschaltet, danach der Schalter (31) für die Steuerung. Sodann wird die Horizontalgeschwindigkeit für die Spritzpistolen (20, 21) mit Hilfe des Handrades (45) in der vorher beschriebenen Weise eingestellt. Eine Spritzpistole (20, 21) wird ausgewählt und der Luftdruck für die Spritzpistole über den jeweiligen Druckminderer (48, 49) festgelegt. Sodann wird der Wählschalter (34) in die entsprechende Stellung gebracht, die dem gewünschten Auftrag, nämlich Flächen-, Keil- oder Linienauftrag, entspricht. Schließlich wird über den Wählschalter (35) der Vertikalhub festgelegt. Zweckmäßig führt man vor dem eigentlichen Programmablauf ein Probespritzen mit der Taste (42) durch. Jetzt kann das Programm mit Hilfe der Taste (37) gestartet werden.A spray cycle for coating a test panel with a layer of paint is then prepared as follows: First, the test panel is attached and the distance between the spray gun and the test panel is set. The built-in spray gun should also be checked. Then the main switch is turned on, then the switch (31) for the control. The horizontal speed for the spray guns (20, 21) is then set using the handwheel (45) in the manner previously described. A spray gun (20, 21) is selected and the air pressure for the spray gun is determined via the respective pressure reducer (48, 49). Then the selector switch (34) is brought into the corresponding position, which corresponds to the desired order, namely area, wedge or line application. Finally, the vertical stroke is set using the selector switch (35). It is advisable to carry out a test spraying with the button (42) before the actual program run. The program can now be started using the button (37).

Claims (8)

  1. Spraying device for coating test panels with lacquers, with a holder for at least one spray gun, with a carriage for the holder, with a drive mechanism and gearing for the horizontal movement of the carriage, and a programmable control device for operating the carriage,
    characterized in that it has a test panel holder and gearing actuatable by the drive mechanism (4) for the vertical elevation of the carriage and that the gearing for the vertical elevation of the carriage is equipped with a locking device, which only releases the gearing if the spray gun (20, 21) is laterally adjacent to a test panel fastened to the test panel holder (9) at a return point of its horizontal path, a rotating device being provided on the test panel holder (9) for applying a cross-coat covering.
  2. Spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive mechanism (4) has an electric motor.
  3. Spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive mechanism (4) has a pneumatic drive motor.
  4. Spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a connection for data output equipment.
  5. Spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a measuring facility (44) is provided for the velocity of the horizontal movement.
  6. Spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a regulating device (45) is provided for the velocity of the horizontal movement.
  7. Spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the test panel holder (9) is swivellable around a horizontal axis (22).
  8. Spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the distance between the test panel holder (9) and the spray gun (20, 21) is adjustable.
EP89112752A 1988-07-15 1989-07-12 Spraying device for coating test panels with laquers Expired - Lifetime EP0350891B1 (en)

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DE8809091U DE8809091U1 (en) 1988-07-15 1988-07-15
DE8809091U 1988-07-15

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EP0350891B1 true EP0350891B1 (en) 1994-04-06

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DE1805145A1 (en) * 1968-10-25 1970-09-03 Gema Ag Appbau Set up with spray gun
US3592387A (en) * 1969-12-24 1971-07-13 Ulysse J Pilotte Hydraulic-powered screw-driven paint sprayer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19605520C1 (en) * 1996-02-15 1997-04-24 Herberts Gmbh Lacquer coating visual effect evaluation method
DE19611062C1 (en) * 1996-03-21 1997-06-19 Herberts Gmbh Multi-layer spray painted surface characterisation method for automobile body parts

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ES2054939T3 (en) 1994-08-16
DE8809091U1 (en) 1988-09-08
DE58907385D1 (en) 1994-05-11
EP0350891A1 (en) 1990-01-17

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