EP0348248B1 - Mould for manufacturing a metallic piece, utilization of this mould and method for correspondent moulding - Google Patents

Mould for manufacturing a metallic piece, utilization of this mould and method for correspondent moulding Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0348248B1
EP0348248B1 EP19890401144 EP89401144A EP0348248B1 EP 0348248 B1 EP0348248 B1 EP 0348248B1 EP 19890401144 EP19890401144 EP 19890401144 EP 89401144 A EP89401144 A EP 89401144A EP 0348248 B1 EP0348248 B1 EP 0348248B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
moulding
denseners
moulding box
densener
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19890401144
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0348248A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Schmitt
Jean-Marie Gillet
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Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Publication of EP0348248A1 publication Critical patent/EP0348248A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mold comprising coolers for the manufacture of a metal part having at least one surface area hardened by quenching during the molding according to the preamble of claim 1, a molding method according to the preamble of claim 11 and the use of this mold for the manufacture of camshafts.
  • Parts are known, in particular parts used in the automotive industry, such as camshafts, which have certain zones whose surface hardness is higher than the hardness of the other parts of the part.
  • the sand molding of the part is carried out in an imprint formed inside the sand filling a hollow metal frame which generally consists of several parts. Rapid cooling or quenching of the cast iron is provided in the areas of the cavity corresponding to the periphery of the cams by metal coolers flush with the surface of the cavity.
  • the coolers have a surface intended to come into contact with the liquid iron, the shape of which corresponds to that of at least part of the external surface of the cam.
  • the mold is generally made up of two superimposable half-molds which each have a cavity corresponding to a half-cavity of the part.
  • the coolers are either made up of separate parts or connected together to form clusters of several coolers.
  • each of the coolers corresponds to half of the periphery of a cam and must be placed in a semi-mold produced beforehand.
  • the cluster of coolers is placed on the model plate before the half-mold is produced.
  • the coolers constitute independent elements which it is necessary to place very precisely in the mold before or after filling it with sand and before each casting.
  • the coolers are removed with the sand from which they are collected.
  • the coolers must be sorted since they are not all identical, then prepared for the next molding operation.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a mold for the manufacture of a metal part having at least one surface area hardened by quenching during molding, comprising a hollow metal frame containing molding sand delimiting the imprint of the part and at least one cooler made of a metallic material placed in the molding sand and flush with the surface of the imprint in a part of this imprint corresponding to the hardened area of the part, this mold making it possible to avoid long and costly operations installation and recovery of coolers.
  • the cooler is integral with the chassis.
  • the mold according to the invention consists of a lower half-mold 1 shown in FIG. 1 and an upper half-mold 2 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the lower half-mold 1 comprises a half-frame 3 with a rectangular section and the upper half-mold 2 a half-frame 4, also with a rectangular section, the sections of the half-frames 3 and 4 being perfectly superimposable.
  • the steel half-frames 3 and 4 produced in hollow form, are filled with sand 5 in which two half-cavities 6, 6 ′ have been made for the molding of two camshafts of motor vehicles.
  • a cavity 7 communicating with the cavities 6, 6 'to constitute a metal reserve counterweight intended to compensate for shrinkage during molding as well as a filling cup 8 passing through the half-mold upper 2 over its entire thickness.
  • a runner 9 is provided in the lower half-mold 1 in accordance with the end of the filling cup 8.
  • Metal coolers 10 generally constituted by steel plates are arranged in the lower half-mold 1 and in the upper half-mold 2, in corresponding positions, at the molding zones of the cams of the cavities 6 and 6 ′ of the two camshafts.
  • the coolers 10 comprise cooling surfaces 13 flush with the surface of the cavities 6 and 6 ′ in zones corresponding to the peripheral part of the cams which it is desired to ensure quenching during molding.
  • the coolers 10 according to the invention are fixed to the corresponding half-chassis 3 and 4, of which they remain integral during all the stages of the molding process.
  • Each of the coolers 10 consists of a steel plate having two recesses intended to constitute the cooling surfaces 13 at the periphery of the cam molding zones.
  • the coolers 10 are arranged transversely inside the half-chassis 3 and 4 between the two long sides of these half-chassis.
  • the coolers 10 have a length, in the transverse direction, slightly greater than the internal width of the half-chassis and the corresponding sides of the half-chassis 3 and 4 have assembly grooves 14 (FIG. 4) in which come engage the ends of the coolers 10 during assembly.
  • the sides of the half-frames 3 and 4 are drilled at the bottom of grooves 14 with two holes 15 and 16 and the coolers 10 have, on each of their lateral sides, engaging in the grooves 14, a tapped hole 17 and a smooth hole 18.
  • the assembly and positioning of the cooler are ensured on each of its lateral sides by a screw 20 and a pin 21.
  • the pin 21, engaged in the holes 16 and 18 in concordance, ensures the positioning of the cooler in the groove 14 and the screw 20, engaged in the opening 15 and screwed in the threaded hole 17, ensures the assembly of the cooler 10 on the half chassis.
  • FIG 5 there is shown a cooler 10 'according to an alternative embodiment comprising a recess 13' of reduced amplitude.
  • the recesses 13 'of the corresponding coolers 10' surround only part of the periphery of the cam, which makes it possible to quench and harden only part of the cam .
  • the coolers 10 ′ are fixed to the corresponding half-chassis by means of their lateral sides of reduced height in which are tapped holes 17 ′.
  • the mold frame may for example be made of ordinary steel and the coolers made of alloy steel or any other metallic material.
  • half-molds 1 and 2 formed by the half-chassis and the coolers fixed to these half-chassis.
  • the manufacture of the mold is carried out by placing each of the half-chassis on the corresponding model plate and by filling the half-chassis with molding sand. It is therefore not necessary to carry out, during this operation, the installation and adjustment of the coolers which are integral with the half-chassis.
  • the mold is then assembled by superimposing the two half-molds 1 and 2, then the mold is filled by the cup 8.
  • the castings are then cooled to a temperature of between 700 and 800 ° before demolding is carried out by unhooking the mold.
  • the half-molds 1 and 2 are then ready for a new molding operation.
  • the coolers being integral with the chassis of the half-molds, it is not necessary to carry out, as in the prior art, the recovery of the coolers in the molding sand, the sorting of these coolers and then the placing of these in the mold.
  • chassis-cooler assemblies are cooled after release by an air flow to bring the half-molds to a temperature enabling the mold preparation operations to be carried out.
  • the coolers are then at a temperature of about 200 ° C. Cooling by an air flow at 10 ° C allows the temperature of these chillers to be brought to a temperature which can be between 30 and 50 ° C in a very short time.
  • coolers are detachably linked to the chassis, for example a forecourt, these coolers can be replaced in the event of wear.
  • the cooler and the mold frame can be made of different materials.
  • the invention applies regardless of the number of parts which are cast in a mold and whatever the extent of the surface to be quenched at the periphery of these parts.
  • the invention applies as well in the case of conventional foundry as in the case where the lost model process (PMP) is used.
  • PMP lost model process
  • the invention applies not only to the molding of camshafts but also to the molding of other cast iron parts or even to the molding of metal parts made of materials other than cast iron, which can be hardened by rapid cooling or quenching. certain areas during molding.

Description

L'invention concerne un moule comportant des refroidisseurs pour la fabrication d'une pièce métallique présentant au moins une zone superficielle durcie par trempe au cours du moulage suivant le préambule de la revendication 1, un procédé de moulage suivant le préambule de la revendication 11 et l'utilisation de ce moule pour la fabrication d'arbres à cames.The invention relates to a mold comprising coolers for the manufacture of a metal part having at least one surface area hardened by quenching during the molding according to the preamble of claim 1, a molding method according to the preamble of claim 11 and the use of this mold for the manufacture of camshafts.

Un tel moule et un tel procédé sont généralement connus dans l'art antérieur.Such a mold and such a method are generally known in the prior art.

On connaît des pièces, en particulier des pièces utilisées dans l'industrie automobile, telles que des arbres à cames, qui comportent certaines zones dont la dureté superficielle est plus élevée que la dureté des autres parties de la pièce.Parts are known, in particular parts used in the automotive industry, such as camshafts, which have certain zones whose surface hardness is higher than the hardness of the other parts of the part.

Dans le cas des arbres à cames en fonte moulés, on obtient une augmentation de dureté et donc de résistance à l'usure des cames par un accroissement de la vitesse de refroidissement de la fonte liquide dans les zones correspondant à la périphérie des cames. Le refroidissement rapide de la fonte dans ces zones provoque la formation locale de fonte blanche de dureté élevée.In the case of cast iron camshafts, an increase in hardness and therefore in wear resistance of the cams is obtained by an increase in the cooling rate of the liquid cast iron in the zones corresponding to the periphery of the cams. The rapid cooling of the cast iron in these areas causes the local formation of high hardness white cast iron.

Le moulage en sable de la pièce est réalisé dans une empreinte ménagée à l'intérieur du sable remplissant un châssis métallique creux qui est généralement constitué de plusieurs parties. Le refroidissement rapide ou trempe de la fonte est assuré dans les zones de l'empreinte correspondant à la périphérie des cames par des refroidisseurs métalliques affleurant la surface de l'empreinte. Les refroidisseurs comportent une surface destinée à venir en contact avec la fonte liquide dont la forme correspond à celle d'une partie au moins de la surface extérieure de la came.The sand molding of the part is carried out in an imprint formed inside the sand filling a hollow metal frame which generally consists of several parts. Rapid cooling or quenching of the cast iron is provided in the areas of the cavity corresponding to the periphery of the cams by metal coolers flush with the surface of the cavity. The coolers have a surface intended to come into contact with the liquid iron, the shape of which corresponds to that of at least part of the external surface of the cam.

Le moule est généralement constitué par deux demi-moules superposables qui comportent chacun une cavité correspondant à une demi-empreinte de la pièce.The mold is generally made up of two superimposable half-molds which each have a cavity corresponding to a half-cavity of the part.

Dans le cas des techniques connues et utilisées actuellement, les refroidisseurs sont soit constitués de pièces séparées soit reliés entre eux pour constituer des grappes de plusieurs refroidisseurs.In the case of the techniques known and currently used, the coolers are either made up of separate parts or connected together to form clusters of several coolers.

Dans le premier cas, chacun des refroidisseurs correspond à la moitié de la périphérie d'une came et doit être mis en place dans un demi-moule réalisé au préalable.In the first case, each of the coolers corresponds to half of the periphery of a cam and must be placed in a semi-mold produced beforehand.

Dans le second cas, la grappe de refroidisseurs est déposée sur la plaque modèle avant la réalisation du demi-moule.In the second case, the cluster of coolers is placed on the model plate before the half-mold is produced.

Dans les deux cas, les refroidisseurs constituent des éléments indépendants qu'il est nécessaire de mettre en place de façon très précise dans le moule avant ou après remplissage de celui-ci par le sable et préalablement à chaque coulée. A la fin du cycle de moulage, les refroidisseurs sont évacués avec le sable dans lequel ils sont récupérés. Les refroidisseurs doivent être triés puisqu'ils ne sont pas tous identiques, puis préparés pour l'opération de moulage suivante.In both cases, the coolers constitute independent elements which it is necessary to place very precisely in the mold before or after filling it with sand and before each casting. At the end of the molding cycle, the coolers are removed with the sand from which they are collected. The coolers must be sorted since they are not all identical, then prepared for the next molding operation.

Toutes ces opérations de mise en place et de récupération des refroidisseurs sont très coûteuses en main-d'oeuvre et, du fait que les refroidisseurs sont mis en position de façon manuelle, il est très difficile sinon impossible d'obtenir une bonne fermeture des deux demi-moules. Il est donc nécessaire d'effectuer un meulage du plan de joint des pièces obtenues par moulage, ce qui entraîne la formation d'amorces de rupture sur ces pièces.All of these cooler installation and recovery operations are very labor intensive and, since the coolers are positioned manually, it is very difficult if not impossible to obtain a good closure of the two half-molds. It is therefore necessary to perform a grinding of the joint plane of the parts obtained by molding, which results in the formation of fracture primers on these parts.

Le but de l'invention est donc de proposer un moule pour la fabrication d'une pièce métallique présentant au moins une zone superficielle durcie par trempe au cours du moulage, comportant un châssis métallique creux renfermant du sable de moulage délimitant l'empreinte de la pièce et au moins un refroidisseur en un matériau métallique disposé dans le sable de moulage et affleurant la surface de l'empreinte dans une partie de cette empreinte correspondant à la zone durcie de la pièce, ce moule permettant d'éviter des opérations longues et coûteuses de mise en place et de récupération des refroidisseurs.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a mold for the manufacture of a metal part having at least one surface area hardened by quenching during molding, comprising a hollow metal frame containing molding sand delimiting the imprint of the part and at least one cooler made of a metallic material placed in the molding sand and flush with the surface of the imprint in a part of this imprint corresponding to the hardened area of the part, this mold making it possible to avoid long and costly operations installation and recovery of coolers.

Dans ce but, le refroidisseur est solidaire du châssis.For this purpose, the cooler is integral with the chassis.

Afin de bien faire comprendre l'invention, on va maintenant décrire, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en se référant aux figures jointes en annexe, un mode de réalisation d'un moule suivant l'invention destiné à la fabrication d'arbres à cames de véhicules automobiles.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective représentant la partie inférieure du moule suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en perspective représentant la partie supérieure du moule suivant l'invention.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'un refroidisseur du moule représenté sur les figures 1 et 2.
  • La figure 4 est une vue en perspective éclatée montrant le mode de fixation d'un refroidisseur sur le châssis du moule.
  • La figure 5 est une demi-vue en élévation d'un refroidisseur selon une variante.
In order to clearly understand the invention, we will now describe, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the attached figures, an embodiment of a mold according to the invention intended for the manufacture of trees. for motor vehicle cams.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the lower part of the mold according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the upper part of the mold according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cooler of the mold shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the method of fixing a cooler on the mold frame.
  • Figure 5 is a half elevational view of a cooler according to a variant.

Le moule suivant l'invention est constitué par un demi-moule inférieur 1 représenté sur la figure 1 et un demi-moule supérieur 2 représenté sur la figure 2.The mold according to the invention consists of a lower half-mold 1 shown in FIG. 1 and an upper half-mold 2 shown in FIG. 2.

Le demi-moule inférieur 1 comporte un demi-châssis 3 à section rectangulaire et le demi-moule supérieure 2 un demi-châssis 4, également à section rectangulaire, les sections des demi-châssis 3 et 4 étant parfaitement superposables.The lower half-mold 1 comprises a half-frame 3 with a rectangular section and the upper half-mold 2 a half-frame 4, also with a rectangular section, the sections of the half-frames 3 and 4 being perfectly superimposable.

Les demi-châssis 3 et 4 en acier, réalisés sous forme creuse, sont remplis par du sable 5 dans lequel ont été ménagées deux demi-empreintes 6, 6' pour le moulage de deux arbres à cames de véhicules automobiles.The steel half-frames 3 and 4, produced in hollow form, are filled with sand 5 in which two half-cavities 6, 6 ′ have been made for the molding of two camshafts of motor vehicles.

Ces demi-empreintes sont réalisées en plaçant les demi-châssis sur des plaques modèles et en les remplissant soit avec du sable à vert soit avec du sable lié par une résine.These half-impressions are made by placing the half-frames on model plates and filling them either with green sand or with sand bound by a resin.

On prévoit également dans le demi-moule supérieur 2 une cavité 7 communiquant avec les empreintes 6, 6' pour constituer une masselotte de réserve de métal destinée à compenser le retrait pendant le moulage ainsi qu'un godet de remplissage 8 traversant le demi-moule supérieur 2 sur toute son épaisseur.There is also provided in the upper half-mold 2 a cavity 7 communicating with the cavities 6, 6 'to constitute a metal reserve counterweight intended to compensate for shrinkage during molding as well as a filling cup 8 passing through the half-mold upper 2 over its entire thickness.

Enfin, on ménage un chenal de coulée 9 dans le demi-moule inférieur 1 en concordance avec l'extrémité du godet de remplissage 8.Finally, a runner 9 is provided in the lower half-mold 1 in accordance with the end of the filling cup 8.

Des refroidisseurs métalliques 10 généralement constitués par des plaques d'acier sont disposés dans le demi-moule inférieur 1 et dans le demi-moule supérieur 2, dans des positions correspondantes, au niveau des zones de moulage des cames des empreintes 6 et 6' des deux arbres à cames. Les refroidisseurs 10 comportent des surfaces de refroidissement 13 affleurant la surface des empreintes 6 et 6' dans des zones correspondant à la partie périphérique des cames dont on veut assurer la trempe au cours du moulage.Metal coolers 10 generally constituted by steel plates are arranged in the lower half-mold 1 and in the upper half-mold 2, in corresponding positions, at the molding zones of the cams of the cavities 6 and 6 ′ of the two camshafts. The coolers 10 comprise cooling surfaces 13 flush with the surface of the cavities 6 and 6 ′ in zones corresponding to the peripheral part of the cams which it is desired to ensure quenching during molding.

Comme il est visible sur les figures 3 et 4, les refroidisseurs 10 suivant l'invention sont fixés sur les demi-châssis 3 et 4 correspondant dont ils restent solidaires pendant toute les étapes du procédé de moulage.As can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, the coolers 10 according to the invention are fixed to the corresponding half-chassis 3 and 4, of which they remain integral during all the stages of the molding process.

Chacun des refroidisseurs 10 est constitué par une plaque en acier présentant deux évidements destinés à constituer les surfaces de refroidissement 13 à la périphérie des zones de moulage des cames. Les refroidisseurs 10 sont disposés transversalement à l'intérieur des demi-châssis 3 et 4 entre les deux grands côtés de ces demi-châssis. Les refroidisseurs 10 présentent une longueur, dans la direction transversale, un peu supérieure à la largeur intérieure des demi-châssis et les côtés correspondants des demi-châssis 3 et 4 comportent des rainures d'assemblage 14 (figure 4) dans lesquelles viennent s'engager au montage les extrémités des refroidisseurs 10. Les côtés des demi-châssis 3 et 4 sont percés en fond de rainures 14 de deux trous 15 et 16 et les refroidisseurs 10 comportent, sur chacun de leurs côtés latéraux venant s'engager dans les rainures 14, un trou taraudé 17 et un trou lisse 18.Each of the coolers 10 consists of a steel plate having two recesses intended to constitute the cooling surfaces 13 at the periphery of the cam molding zones. The coolers 10 are arranged transversely inside the half-chassis 3 and 4 between the two long sides of these half-chassis. The coolers 10 have a length, in the transverse direction, slightly greater than the internal width of the half-chassis and the corresponding sides of the half-chassis 3 and 4 have assembly grooves 14 (FIG. 4) in which come engage the ends of the coolers 10 during assembly. The sides of the half-frames 3 and 4 are drilled at the bottom of grooves 14 with two holes 15 and 16 and the coolers 10 have, on each of their lateral sides, engaging in the grooves 14, a tapped hole 17 and a smooth hole 18.

Comme il est visible sur la figure 4, lorsque le refroidisseur 10 est engagé dans le demi-châssis 3 ou 4, le trou taraudé 17 est en concordance avec le trou 15 et le trou 18 avec le trou 16.As can be seen in FIG. 4, when the cooler 10 is engaged in the half-frame 3 or 4, the tapped hole 17 is in concordance with the hole 15 and the hole 18 with the hole 16.

L'assemblage et le positionnement du refroidisseur sont assurés sur chacun de ses côtés latéraux par une vis 20 et une goupille 21.The assembly and positioning of the cooler are ensured on each of its lateral sides by a screw 20 and a pin 21.

La goupille 21, engagée dans les trous 16 et 18 en concordance, assure le positionnement du refroidisseur dans la rainure 14 et la vis 20, engagée dans l'ouverture 15 et vissée dans le trou taraudé 17, assure l'assemblage du refroidisseur 10 sur le demi-châssis.The pin 21, engaged in the holes 16 and 18 in concordance, ensures the positioning of the cooler in the groove 14 and the screw 20, engaged in the opening 15 and screwed in the threaded hole 17, ensures the assembly of the cooler 10 on the half chassis.

Sur la figure 5, on a représenté un refroidisseur 10' selon une variante de réalisation comportant un évidement 13' d'amplitude réduite. Lorsque les deux parties du moule sont réunies, les évidements 13' des refroidisseurs correspondants 10' n'entourent qu'une partie de la périphérie de la came, ce qui permet de réaliser une trempe et un durcissement d'une partie seulement de la came.In Figure 5, there is shown a cooler 10 'according to an alternative embodiment comprising a recess 13' of reduced amplitude. When the two parts of the mold are joined, the recesses 13 'of the corresponding coolers 10' surround only part of the periphery of the cam, which makes it possible to quench and harden only part of the cam .

Les refroidisseurs 10' sont fixés sur les demi-châssis correspondants par l'intermédiaire de leurs côtés latéraux de hauteur réduite dans lesquels sont ménagés des trous taraudés 17'.The coolers 10 ′ are fixed to the corresponding half-chassis by means of their lateral sides of reduced height in which are tapped holes 17 ′.

On remarquera que le mode d'assemblage par vis des refroidisseurs, comme représenté surla figure 4, permet de réaliser les refroidisseurs et les demi-châssis en des matériaux différents. Le châssis de moule pourra être par exemple en acier ordinaire et les refroidisseurs en acier allié ou en tout autre matériau métallique.Note that the screw assembly mode of the coolers, as shown in FIG. 4, makes it possible to produce the coolers and the half-chassis in different materials. The mold frame may for example be made of ordinary steel and the coolers made of alloy steel or any other metallic material.

D'autre part, ce mode d'assemblage permet de remplacer facilement les refroidisseurs usés.On the other hand, this method of assembly makes it easy to replace worn coolers.

On va maintenant décrire un cycle complet de moulage mettant en oeuvre le moule suivant l'invention.We will now describe a complete molding cycle using the mold according to the invention.

On dispose de demi-moules 1 et 2 constitués par les demi-châssis et les refroidisseurs fixés sur ces demi-châssis.There are half-molds 1 and 2 formed by the half-chassis and the coolers fixed to these half-chassis.

La fabrication du moule est réalisée en plaçant chacun des demi-châssis sur la plaque modèle correspondante et en effectuant le remplissage du demi-châssis par du sable de moulage. On n'a donc pas à effectuer, au cours de cette opération, la mise en place et l'ajustement des refroidisseurs qui sont solidaires des demi-châssis. On réalise alors l'assemblage du moule par superposition des deux demi-moules 1 et 2, puis on réalise le remplissage du moule par le godet 8.The manufacture of the mold is carried out by placing each of the half-chassis on the corresponding model plate and by filling the half-chassis with molding sand. It is therefore not necessary to carry out, during this operation, the installation and adjustment of the coolers which are integral with the half-chassis. The mold is then assembled by superimposing the two half-molds 1 and 2, then the mold is filled by the cup 8.

Les pièces coulées sont alors refroidies jusqu'à une température comprise entre 700 et 800° avant qu'on effectue le démoulage par décochage du moule.The castings are then cooled to a temperature of between 700 and 800 ° before demolding is carried out by unhooking the mold.

Les demi-moules 1 et 2 sont alors prêts pour une nouvelle opération de moulage. Les refroidisseurs étant solidaires des châssis des demi-moules, on n'a pas à effectuer, comme dans la technique antérieure, la récupération des refroidisseurs dans le sable de moulage, le tri de ces refroidisseurs puis la mise en place de ceux-ci dans le moule.The half-molds 1 and 2 are then ready for a new molding operation. The coolers being integral with the chassis of the half-molds, it is not necessary to carry out, as in the prior art, the recovery of the coolers in the molding sand, the sorting of these coolers and then the placing of these in the mold.

Dans le cas d'une production de série sur un chantier à cycle, les ensembles châssis-refroidisseurs sont refroidis après décochage par un flux d'air pour amener les demi-moules à une température permettant de réaliser les opérations de préparation du moule.In the case of series production on a cycle site, the chassis-cooler assemblies are cooled after release by an air flow to bring the half-molds to a temperature enabling the mold preparation operations to be carried out.

Quand le décochage a lieu alors que la fonte est à une température comprise entre 700 et 800°, les refroidisseurs sont alors à une température d'environ 200°C. Le refroidissement par un flux d'air à 10°C permet de faire passer la température de ces refroidisseurs à une température qui peut être comprise entre 30 et 50°C en un temps très court.When the release takes place while the melting is at a temperature between 700 and 800 °, the coolers are then at a temperature of about 200 ° C. Cooling by an air flow at 10 ° C allows the temperature of these chillers to be brought to a temperature which can be between 30 and 50 ° C in a very short time.

On voit que les principaux avantages du moule suivant l'invention sont d'éviter des opérations longues et coûteuses de mise en place et de récupération des refroidisseurs, ceux-ci restant liés au châssis du moule.We see that the main advantages of the mold according to the invention are to avoid long and costly operations of setting up and recovering the coolers, these remaining linked to the chassis of the mold.

D'autre part, dans le cas où le moule est constitué par assemblage de deux demi-moules, on obtient un très bon contact entre les deux parties du moule, ce qui limite la formation de bavures au niveau du plan de joint. On évite ainsi d'avoir à effectuer un meulage du plan de joint, ce qui aboutit à une amélioration de la qualité, le meulage entraînant la formation d'amorces de rupture.On the other hand, in the case where the mold is formed by assembling two half-molds, a very good contact is obtained between the two parts of the mold, which limits the formation of burrs at the joint plane. This avoids having to perform a grinding of the joint plane, which results in an improvement in the quality, the grinding causing the formation of primers of rupture.

Dans le cas où les refroidisseurs sont liés au châssis de façon démontable, par exemple parvis, on peut remplacer ces refroidisseurs en cas d'usure. En outre, le refroidisseur et le châssis du moule pourront être réalisés en des matériaux différents.In the case where the coolers are detachably linked to the chassis, for example a forecourt, these coolers can be replaced in the event of wear. In addition, the cooler and the mold frame can be made of different materials.

L'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation qui a été décrit.The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has been described.

Elle s'applique aussi bien dans le cas d'un moule réalisé en une seule partie que dans le cas d'un moule en plusieurs parties et constitué par exemple de demi-moules comportant chacun un demi-châssis.It applies as well in the case of a mold made in a single part as in the case of a mold in several parts and consisting for example of half-molds each comprising a half-frame.

L'invention s'applique quel que soit le nombre de pièces dont on réalise la coulée dans un moule et quelle que soit l'étendue de la surface à tremper à la périphérie de ces pièces.The invention applies regardless of the number of parts which are cast in a mold and whatever the extent of the surface to be quenched at the periphery of these parts.

L'invention s'applique aussi bien dans le cas de la fonderie classique que dans le cas où l'on utilise le procédé à modèle perdu (PMP).The invention applies as well in the case of conventional foundry as in the case where the lost model process (PMP) is used.

L'invention s'applique non seulement au moulage des arbres à cames mais également au moulage d'autres pièces en fonte ou même au moulage de pièces métalliques en des matériaux autres que la fonte, dont on peut réaliser un durcissement par refroidissement rapide ou trempe de certaines zones, au cours du moulage.The invention applies not only to the molding of camshafts but also to the molding of other cast iron parts or even to the molding of metal parts made of materials other than cast iron, which can be hardened by rapid cooling or quenching. certain areas during molding.

Claims (13)

1. Mould for the manufacture of a metallic component having at least one superficial zone hardened by quenching during the casting comprising a hollow metallic moulding box (3, 4) containing the moulding sand (5) defining the mould cavity (6, 6') for the component and at least one densener (10) made of a metallic material disposed in the moulding sand (5) and flush with the surface of the mould cavity (6, 6') over a part (13) of this mould cavity corresponding to the hardened zone of the component, characterized in that the densener (10) is firmly attached to the moulding box (3, 4).
2. Mould according to Claim 1, comprising two half-moulds (1, 2) each consisting of half a moulding box (3, 4), characterized in that at least one densener (10) is fixed on to each of the half moulding boxes (3, 4).
3. Mould according to Claim 2, comprising two half moulding boxes (3, 4) with rectangular cross-sections, characterized in that the denseners (10) are constituted in the form of plates fixed transversely in the half moulding boxes (3, 4) between their long sides.
4. Mould according to any one of Claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the denseners (10) are fixed to the moulding box (3, 4) in a detachable manner.
5. Mould according to Claim 4, characterized in that the denseners (10) are fixed by screws (20) to the moulding box (3, 4).
6. Mould according to Claim 4, characterized in that the denseners (10) are engaged by their ends in grooves (14) machined on the surfaces of the moulding box (3, 4) which face the denseners.
7. Mould according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the moulding box (3, 4) on the one hand and the densener (10) on the other hand are made of different materials.
8. Mould according to Claim 7, characterized in that the moulding box (3, 4) is made of ordinary steel and the densener (10) is made of alloyed steel.
9. Mould according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the densener (10) incorporates at least one recess (13) forming a cooling surface corresponding to the hardened zone of the component.
10. Mould according to Claim 9, characterized in that the recess (13') of the densener (10') corresponds to only a part of the periphery of the component in its hardened zone.
11. Method for casting a metallic component with at least one superficial zone hardened by quenching consisting of producing a mould cavity (6, 6') for the component in the sand (5) filling a metallic moulding box (3, 4) in which denseners (10) are disposed, of pouring the liquid metal into the mould cavity, and of releasing it from the mould by knocking it out after cooling and solidification of the liquid metal, characterized in that, after the knocking out, the moulding box (3, 4) and the denseners (10) are cooled simultaneously.
12. Method according to Claim 11, characterized in that the moulding box (3, 4) and the denseners (10) are cooled by circulating an air current.
13. Use of a mould according to any one of Claims 1 to 11 for the manufacture of cast iron camshafts for automobiles in which the cams are hardened by quenching.
EP19890401144 1988-06-24 1989-04-21 Mould for manufacturing a metallic piece, utilization of this mould and method for correspondent moulding Expired - Lifetime EP0348248B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8808541A FR2633206B1 (en) 1988-06-24 1988-06-24 MOLD FOR MANUFACTURING A METAL PART, USE OF SUCH MOLD AND CORRESPONDING MOLDING METHOD
FR8808541 1988-06-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0348248A1 EP0348248A1 (en) 1989-12-27
EP0348248B1 true EP0348248B1 (en) 1992-07-01

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EP19890401144 Expired - Lifetime EP0348248B1 (en) 1988-06-24 1989-04-21 Mould for manufacturing a metallic piece, utilization of this mould and method for correspondent moulding

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EP (1) EP0348248B1 (en)
DE (1) DE68901957T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2033535T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2633206B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4431713C2 (en) * 1994-09-06 2001-03-15 Audi Ag Device for the production of castings

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH577864A5 (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-07-30 Sulzer Ag
DE2646060A1 (en) * 1976-10-13 1978-04-20 Friedhelm Prof Dr Ing Kahn Foundry moulds and dies - contg. elements which heat the empty die and them provide cooling for directional solidification of a casting
CH650430A5 (en) * 1980-08-29 1985-07-31 Fischer Georg Gmbh Method for casting of metals by phenolic bound sand shapes.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68901957D1 (en) 1992-08-06
EP0348248A1 (en) 1989-12-27
FR2633206B1 (en) 1990-10-12
FR2633206A1 (en) 1989-12-29
ES2033535T3 (en) 1993-03-16
DE68901957T2 (en) 1992-12-10

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