Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
  • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
  • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
  • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
  • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
  • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic

Definitions

• This invention relates to an improved variable lift cam follower.
• Patent Application PCT/AU83/00003 there is described a mechanism for varying the valve timing and duration of lift of the valves of the internal combustion engine, the engine having a cam shaft and hydraulic cam followers, characterized in that the bleed of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic cam follower is controlled through a secondary cam follower, the secondary cam follower operating in a housing adjustably rotatable about a secondary cam shaft.
• the secondary cam shaft actuates the secondary cam follower through an intermediate lever which is pivoted to the housing about the secondary cam follower, this lever then being shaped to give a reduced lift to the secondary cam follower by virtue of the secondary cam follower being in contact with the lever between its pivot point and the point at which the cam operates.
• a mechanism for varying the lift of the valve of an internal combustion engine the valve being operated by a cam lobe on a cam shaft
• said mechanism including a lever pivoted to a support rotatable about the cam shaft, one side of said lever bearing on the cam lobe, means on the opposite side of said lever adapted to actuate said valve, and means to rotate said support about said cam shaft to vary the timing of lift of the lever and thus of the valve.
• the inner housing of the cam follower is adapted to be rotated about the cam shaft so that by angularly varying the housing the lift of the valve can be varied.
• FIG. 1 is a view of one form of the invention
• FIG. 2 is a second embodiment
• FIG. 3 is a further view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a further alternative.
• the cam shaft 1 will be provided with, the corresponding number of cam lobes 2 for the intake and exhaust valves 3 (only one of which is shown) of the internal combustion engine, the cam shaft operating in a housing 4.
• the housing 4 includes end plates 5 which are rotatable in the housing 4 about the cam shaft 1, a plurality of intermediate plates 5' being mounted in the housing, these intermediate plates being spaced intermediate the adjacent cam lobes 2.
• the plates 5, 5' are connected by a pair of diametrically opposed shafts 6 to support and add stability to the assembly to allow movement to be rigid and accurate, one of the shafts 6 having pivoted thereon cam levers 7 acting between the cam lobes 2 and the cam follower 8.
• a lever 9 is attached to one of the plates 5 so that the plates may be rotated about the cam shaft 1 so that in this way the timing of the opening of the inlet and exhaust valves of the engine can be varied.
• the cam levers 7 can be of any desired shape, having a bearing area 10 to bear on the cam lobe 2, the body of the lever preferably being a thin flange like construction which can be lightened by the incorporation of holes therein, with the upper bearing surface 11 for the cam follower 8 being in the form of a flange or the like.
• the contour of the upper surface 11 is curved and is ground concentric with the cam shaft 1.
• the plates 5 are rotatable about the cam shaft with the cam levers contacting and moving relative to the cam shaft 1, and each cam lever 7 has the bearing surface 11 extended for contact with the cam follower.
• valve 3 is operated by a rocker arm 12 which is actuated by a hydraulic piston 13,. a spring 14 maintaining the piston 13 against a bearing member 15 on the rocker 12.
• Hydraulic fluid is supplied through line 16 from a pump and pressure relief valve through a manifold block 17 which distributes fluid to all the valves of the engine, a line 18 connecting the manifold block to the piston chamber 19.
• Line 20 connects the piston chamber 19 to the bore 21 in housing 4 in which the cam follower 8 moves, the cam follower at its inner end forming a cam follower piston 22, a spring 23' acting on the piston 22 to maintain contact of the follower 8 with the lever 7.
• An adjustable bleed valve 23 connects to the bore 21, the bleed valve being adjustable by lever 24 and control member 25 and a one way valve 26 is provided on the inlet to the block 17, and a further one way valve (not shown) is provided in the outlet of the block.
• the supply of pressure fluid to line 16 can be provided by a further cam follower 27 operated by a further cam lobe 28 on a further cam shaft 29, and supplied by a pump 30 through line 31, and having a bleed line
• FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate a further embodiment of the Invention wherein the degree of lift of the opening of the valve can be varied, i.e., to give a greater opening of the valve, and which can be mechanically operated or have a hydraulic lift as in FIG. 1.
• the lift is mechanical through a cam follower 33 actuating a push rod 34.
• This cam follower can be a mechanical follower or a hydraulic cam follower.
• FIGS. 2 and 3 show the operation of the two levers in two positions of the cam shaft
• FIGS. 1 and 4 means are provided for the lubrication of the rocker assembly 12, this including a lubrication line 41 connected to the through passage 42.
• the control for the timing of the opening of the valves by virtue of the end plates 5 can be any desired mechanism for turning the end plates, preferably these could be provided with a gear or the like on each .end plate, a shaft with co-operation gear wheels interconnecting the end plates so that they move simultaneously, A further gear on the inter-connecting shaft can thus be actuated by any suitable control mechanism.
• the control for varying the angularity of the sleeve can be as desired, preferably by a lever arrangement. All mechanisms return to preset positive location for idle either by using a spring tensioned mechanism or a powered source.
• the variations of the two controls can be manual, or can be automatic dependent upon the speed and load requirements on the engine either hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically, or can be part automatic and part manual so that the driver can select himself the control for either economy or performance.
• control can be computerised so that this is fully automatic depending upon the speed, throttle opening, load and other operating parameters of the engine.
• the inlet and exhaust valves of each of the cylinders simultaneously, it is within the concept of this invention to vary selected ones on the inlet valves so that a group of valves for a particular group of pistons and cylinders may be rendered ineffective while the engine continues to run on the remaining cylinders.
• various cylinders such as two or three or four cylinders from six or eight cylinder engines so that the valves are then effectively held open all the time or closed all the time as desired so that the engine would then operate on a reduced number of cylinders at low loads.
• each of the cam levers can be mounted on an independent spacer mounted in the housing, so that each cam lever can be moved Independently of the others as desired, or alternatively a mechanism can be provided externally of the housing inter-connecting each of the independent spacers controlling the cam levers.
• the further cam shaft is used to control or modify the action produced by the first cam shaft.
• the first cam follower operates as a conventional solid cam follower with a heat expansion gap.
• the first cam follower has a closed hydraulic cylinder connected hydraulically to the further valve lifter. If the further valve lifter fails the engine will operate by virtue of the first cam shaft and cam follower. Even if the further system loses efficiency the engine will operate without causing undue problems.
• the invention can be bolted to the head of the engine, there being a direct mechanical action between the cam shaft 1 and the valve stem 50.
• the cam lobe 51 is of flattened form to have a flat extended contact area 52 to thus produce a longer duration of valve opening.
• cam lobe 51 contacts the cam lever 52 pivoted to plate 53 which is controllable by a lever 54.
• Cam lever 52 bears on lobe 55 of follower lever 56 pivoted to sleeve 57 slidable in the. housing 58.
• Sleeve 57 is rotatable by lever 59.
• the follower lever 56 bears on tappet 60 having adjustment 61 to contact the valve stem 50 having usual spring 62 retained by a collet 63.
• the unit. can be bolted to the head of the engine, and one unit and the cam shaft, can be utilised by the inlet valves, and a second unit and cam shaft for the outlet valves, in effect the invention can thus be applied to a twin overhead cam shaft engine.
• either or both of the sets of valves can be individually controlled, and in effect by controlling the inlet valves, speed variation can be obtained without recourse to varying the flow of the fuel/air mixture by a carburettor.
• a constant fuel mixture can be delivered to the inlet valves eliminating the high vacuum in the inlet valve manifold which would be created by a carburettor, the speed control being by the adjustment of the inlet valves by the duration and timing of opening only.
• the sleeves, plates, rings and levers all have concentric movement about the cam shaft.
• the invention also can be applied to engines when the hydraulic cam followers are provided on the cylinder head, and is supplemental to engines operating by push rods.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=3771805

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

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Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 1987
  • 1987-09-09 EP EP87906051A patent/EP0345252B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-09-09 WO PCT/AU1987/000307 patent/WO1988002059A1/en active IP Right Grant

Patent Citations (1)

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