EP0343070A1 - Method and device for washing laundry in a machine using a powdery product - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for washing laundry in a machine, according to which a dispenser and diffuser device of the reusable type is filled with a powdery product exerting activity during washing, this device is placed in the machine together with the laundry to be washed, and subsequently the washing is carried out in the usual way. A device used comprises a flexible bag 224 mounted on a ring 221 made of plastic (polypropylene), with helical radial walls 222 providing orifices through the mouth delimited by the ring 221. A cage-shaped assembly 230 is arranged inside the sleeve of the bag 224, in order to maintain the shape of the latter during washing. The product (detergent) dissolves progressively and does not leave the device in solid form virtually at all. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention belongs to the field of machine washing. It relates to a new washing process making it possible to optimally use the products currently available on the market in solid form, in particular powder, which are used in a washing operation, for example detergents or other special additives having activity during washing. The invention also relates to a device for implementing such a method.

Washing is increasingly carried out in machines, using products presented in the form of powder, granules or other solid forms in particles. Washing machines are mainly drum machines but there are also so-called agitator / pulsator machines. Whatever type of machine is used, specialists know that the conditions for using such products are far from optimal. There is indeed a real problem in ensuring a uniform distribution of the particulate product and its dissolution in the washing medium located in the tank of the machine. In the following, the technical problems will be illustrated more particularly in the case of powdered detergents, but it is clear that similar problems arise with detergents presented otherwise as with any additives having activity during washing.

Most of the time, compartments or trays are provided for receiving the appropriate quantity of detergent powder before the actual washing operation. The powdery active product is supposed to be entrained by the water in the tank of the machine, as the process progresses. However, it can be seen that the powdered detergent is far from being completely entrained by the water, so that more or less significant residual quantities remain in the distribution tank. So the expected amount of detergent powder is not actually consumed, which affects the effectiveness of washing. In addition, the washing machine tubs are always soiled with residues from previous operations. This difficulty is widely known and is the subject of numerous complaints from users.

Another technical problem posed by the use of powdered detergents is that the dissolution of the active product within the tank is not complete, so that the powder entrained by water and which has not been able to dissolve properly, falls directly to the bottom of the tank. Depending on the type of machine, the loss of product in the drainage system can reach 20% of the quantity initially placed in the tanks. The undissolved powder is directly discharged into the machine drain, which ultimately leads the user to increase the doses of powder to ensure optimal washing.

To avoid the aforementioned drawbacks and the loss of detergent in the distribution bins, a certain number of users resort to an artisanal expedient, which consists in placing the detergent powder directly on the drum of the washing machine, before starting the washing operation. This measure is of course only usable in the case of a drum machine with opening from above, and it is not free of drawbacks either. If it can be estimated, in fact, that the losses in the distribution tanks are eliminated, it is not the same for the losses in the drainage system, which are then only slightly reduced. In any case, this solution is not satisfactory, since the powder passes through the holes in the drum, and comes into direct contact with the laundry. During the rotation of the drum in water, the dissolution of the detergent powder particles thus come into contact with the laundry exerts an unfavorable influence on the latter. Frequently, the detergent particles are colored, so that the colored granules of the detergent dissolve by releasing the dye from the laundry and can then cause stains on the laundry. Likewise, if, as desired to obtain a good washing performance, the detergent composition contains peroxygen compounds, the corresponding granules, for example perborate granules, decompose on contact with the laundry and can discolor the articles of fragile color.

There is therefore an indisputable technical problem, which is linked to the fact that the detergents or detergents presented in particulate form do not meet the optimal conditions for dissolution in water during washing.

To solve such a problem, the applicant has appealed to the concept of a process according to which a device is first filled with detergent, which is then placed in the machine, with the laundry to be washed. It has, in fact, developed this concept essentially in the case of liquid detergents and, by way of reference to illustrate such a state of the art, mention may be made of patent application FR 34 O6151 filed on April 18, 1984 and published under N ° 2.563.250, having as title: "Washing machine in machine with liquid detergent and device for its application". In this case, the detergent contained in the device gradually diffuses into the washing medium and into the laundry in the machine. In one embodiment, the device comprises a filling orifice and vents for the gradual release of the liquid within the laundry during washing.

However, when it is desired to apply such a concept purely and simply to the case of particulate detergents, there are in many cases encountered practical difficulties. These are due to the fact that the solid particles of detergent dissolve in the washing water is not satisfactorily ensured if such a detergent is placed in a device comprising orifices, and then to introduce such a device in the machine at within the laundry. It was found, in fact, that the presence of orifices on the device, capable of ensuring the diffusion of the detergent, did not allow good dissolution of the powder. The fact of increasing the number and / or the size of the orifices is also not a satisfactory solution, since it encounters the same drawbacks as those mentioned at the beginning of this description, namely the losses of powder in the system. and / or contact with the laundry while the particles are still solid. Also, a reduction in the number and / or dimensions of the orifices leads, as has been observed, to a progressive closure of the orifices by the wet powder, so that the detergent can no longer leave the device to ensure the function of washing. All the above discussion therefore shows that, in general, it is not possible to optimally use powdered detergents in metering and diffusing devices which, moreover, prove to be entirely suitable for liquid detergents.

In its patent application FR-87.06.413 of May 6, 1987 published on November 10, 1988 under No. 2614905, for "Method and device for washing laundry in the machine", the applicant proposed to use a metering device and diffusing containing a detergent in solid form and ensuring the predissolution of the powder before its progressive release in the middle of the linen. In one embodiment, such a device comprises a body capable of being filled with the desired quantity of detergent, removable means for closing off this body, the body or said means having holes or vents for the release of the detergent, said device being characterized in that it comprises means separating the part of the device comprising the holes or vents from the part comprising the particulate detergent, said means being designed to allow the washing water to pass freely and for practice prevent the massive and uncontrolled release of particulate detergent. A device structure which has given very interesting practical results has the general appearance of a body of revolution which can be closed by a removable cap, which has holes allowing both the entry of water inside. of the device and also the diffusion of the detergent, the device being more particularly characterized in that it comprises at least one plate mounted inside the device for separating the cap and the part of the body containing the particulate detergent, said plate having -even at least one orifice whose surface is less than that of the holes or vents of the cap, Thus, the perforated plate makes it possible to retain the particulate detergent in the body of the device while allowing the washing water to come to dissolve this detergent before his release in the washing machine.

The Applicant has continued its research to solve the technical problems mentioned in the aforementioned FR patent application, while retaining the concept of progressive diffusion and dispersion in the washing medium and in the linen of an active product initially available in the form particulate, ensuring the predissolution of this product before its diffusion. It is indeed desirable to develop a metering and diffusing device which, while retaining a simple structure, still provides improvements to the devices already proposed for this purpose in the case of particulate detergents and makes it possible in particular to:
- reduce the amount of plastic used in the device, which meets increasingly important environmental protection needs, the regulations in this regard aiming to prevent the rejection of plastic articles which are not normally destroyed in natural environments,
- achieve a minimum footprint, in order to respond meet the needs of packaging, transport, and storage, and
- eliminate the noise caused by metering and diffusing devices in washing machines, in order to meet the expectations of certain users.

The present invention provides a solution to these technical problems as well as to others, as will emerge from the description which follows, while fully retaining the benefits of the metering and diffusing devices which it had already proposed for particulate detergents. , in particular those forming the subject of the aforementioned FR patent application.

The invention relates to a method for washing laundry in the machine, according to which a metering and diffusing device of the reusable type is filled with a particulate product having activity during washing, this device is placed in the machine with the laundry. washing and then washing is carried out in the usual manner, characterized in that said device essentially comprises a flexible sheath in the form of a bag extending around at least one mouth, which allows the filling of the bag with the desired quantity of corresponding product substantially to a washing operation and remains at least partially open during washing, the aqueous washing medium penetrating inside the bag at least through the mouth thereof, with a view to the gradual dissolution of the particulate product, this the latter thus being gradually released during washing predominantly in the form of an aqueous solution passing at least through the mouth of the bag.

According to the invention, the bag is made of a material capable of retaining the particulate product, without letting it pass in solid form, as well as withstanding the washing and drying temperatures of the machine.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the material constituting the bag is designed to allow the penetration of the aqueous washing medium through the bag, towards the particulate product which is contained therein, as well as the diffusion of an active aqueous solution, originating from the progressive dissolution of the particulate product and passing through the bag, from the inside to the outside of the latter. In this embodiment, the bag is permeable to water. Penetration of the aqueous washing medium takes place both through the mouth of the bag and through it and the diffusion or release of the active solution of product also takes place through the mouth of the bag and through it .

The process of the invention can be applied not only to detergents in solid form, but also to any particulate product having activity during washing, for example chosen from bleaching agents, such as agents releasing chlorine or active oxygen (peroxygen compounds), bleaching catalysts, bleaching activators, bactericides, foam regulators, brighteners, anti-deposition agents of dirt, enzymes, softeners, stain-removing agents grease or constituents which do not exert a direct action on the dirt but which can intervene in a washing process of the washing machine, for example the agents ensuring a protection of the organs and internal parts of the washing machine.

In the present description the expression "particulate product" includes all the forms of presentation of such solid products, such as powders, granules, flakes, pellets and other similar physical structures capable of being dissolved in water under normal conditions of washing. The process of the invention is particularly advantageous with detergents presented in the form of so-called high density particles, which are already de currently being developed in some countries. They have advantages in packaging, transport, storage, vis-à-vis similar traditional products, because of the reduction in size they allow to obtain. However, due to their chemical composition and their physical structure characteristics, such high-density particulate detergents tend to cause losses in the distribution tank as well as in the drainage circuits, even greater than detergents in traditional powder. The ability to dissolve these new detergents is, in some cases, less than that of known products. The individual packages used for these high density particulate detergents often have a smaller volume, which means that there is less space available for the insertion of metering and diffusing devices. These new technical problems linked to the appearance of detergents in high density particles are also resolved by the method of the present invention, which uses a metering and diffusing device essentially comprising a bag made of flexible material.

The device used according to the invention is distinguished in many aspects from certain means known from the prior art which consisted of sachets or bags which may contain a detergent or an additive useful in washing, such products may be present under particulate form in the sachet. First of all, the bags or sachets of the prior art contain a predosed amount of product and cannot be reused. Their design does not allow the product to be released gradually, it being completely dispensed either immediately at the start of the washing cycle, or during it. The device of the invention does not have the drawbacks of sachets or bags of the prior art. According to the invention the device is of the reusable type and can dose at will the quantity of product (detergent or any additive) thanks to the presence of the mouthpiece, which is used to fill the product. Furthermore, those skilled in the art know that to allow the diffusion of the active product, the sachets or bags of the prior art must have a wall which is soluble in water or in the washing medium or else, in the case where this wall does not is not soluble in water, it is necessary to provide seals, or bonds capable of dissolving to release the products. In the first case, that of the water-soluble walls, there is no problem with the washing machine, but the sachets or bags are difficult to store and to market practically, because of their sensitivity to humidity. This solution is therefore not technically acceptable, except by adopting much more costly measures concerning the design of the wall. On the other hand, with insoluble bags or sachets, the body of these is released at the same time as the active product, which entails serious disadvantages for the organs of the washing machine, the bags or sachets emptied of their contents causing various damage, such as blockage of the drainage circuits. Such practical difficulties are well known to those skilled in the art and therefore do not need to be explained in more detail.

Unlike the means of the prior art, the device of the invention can be recovered at the end of washing without any risk for the machine, which is entirely essential for the practical needs of users.

The method of the invention can be implemented with a wide variety of devices comprising a flexible bag.

The material of the flexible bag can be of any type, as long as it has sufficient resistance to water and to the washing medium at the temperatures used during washing as well as during drying, thus being able to go up to 'at about 150 ° C. he can therefore be a woven or non-woven material made from natural or synthetic fibers or a mixture thereof. By way of illustration only, a bag formed from a flexible sheath made of pure cotton may be used either in the form of a fabric having a mesh opening of less than about 0.5 mm or in the form of a nonwoven article with openings ranging in particular from 0.5 to 0.8 mm. The bag can also be produced from extruded or co-extruded films and having perforations. The dimensions of these can vary within wide limits, depending on the nature and the particle size of the particulate product. As an indication, perforation films of approximately 380 microns can be used. However, the material of the bag is not necessarily a textile material. The sheath can also be produced from a plastic mesh or a sheet of paper or other porous and water-resistant cellulosic material. If the material provided for the flexible bag does not in itself have sufficient resistance to water, it can be provided with a coating making it water resistant. For example in the case of porous paper, the coating may consist of a latex-based binder associated with a hydrophobic substance.

Up to now, the description of the invention has been made on the preferred embodiments which consist in using a flexible bag whose sheath or wall has pores or openings of various shapes and sizes, either organized as in the case of 'a fabric, be random as in the case of non-woven materials. But, for the purposes of the invention, it is also possible to use a flexible bag whose sheath is completely impermeable to water and to the washing medium, in which case the fluid transfers towards the interior of the bag as well as towards the outside of it, are done only through the mouth of the bag. Such embodiments are indeed possible by taking steps to arrange in the mouth of the means making it possible to carry out the predissolution of the particulate products, as will be described below.

The external shape of the bag can also be very variable and according to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, it is possible to adapt this shape to the type of particulate product used as well as to the conditions under which this product must be released, as examples. will be given later. By way of illustration, the bag can be a substantially cylindrical sheath extending in the extension of the mouth, the diameter of the sheath then being substantially equal to that of the mouth. But one can also use gains which are tapered from the mouth or on the contrary flared from it. A tapered sheath provides relatively faster release of the particulate product, while a flared sheath provides relatively slower release. Also, given that the device according to the invention is of the reusable type and that the user can dose the quantity of particulate product at will, the flexible bag can have various markings corresponding to filling levels and therefore to variable quantities. of particulate products.

It has been said previously that the device according to the invention had at least one mouth allowing both the filling of the bag with the active product and its release in pre-dissolved form, in the washing medium and in the laundry in the machine. In the simplest embodiment, which is preferred, the device comprises a single mouth, the section of which may be any: circular, oval, square, rectangular and the like. Good practical results have been obtained with mouthpieces of circular section.

The mouth of the bag should be delimited by a means serving to support the sheath of the bag. This can be simply made using a ring having, as a section, that intended for the mouth. This ring can be made of a material of completely variable hardness, the only condition being that the mouthpiece is kept open during washing. The constituent material of the ring can be a plastic, metallic material or else wood, cardboard rendered water resistant and any other similar material. Good practical results are obtained with plastics which are easy to work in order to achieve the desired configurations of the ring. By way of example, polyethylene and polypropylene are very suitable.

It has been said previously that the mouth of the bag should be kept open, at least partially, during washing, in order to allow the gradual release of an aqueous solution of active product. It is therefore possible, ultimately, to use flexible bag devices, in which the mouth is entirely free, but it is generally preferred to use devices in which the mouth additionally comprises means making it possible to mask it, with the exception certain predetermined openings. Numerous embodiments are possible as soon as the means associated with the ring delimiting the mouth allow both:
- filling the bag with the particulate product,
- prevent the particulate product from leaving the bag massively in particulate form during washing,
- to make the inside of the bag accessible to the washing medium, so as to ensure the predissolution of the particulate product, the release of the latter then taking place essentially in the form of a solution passing, at least in part, through the mouth, from the inside to the outside of the bag.

It goes without saying that the means intended to mask the mouthpiece must be adapted to the shape and nature of the ring defining it. Purely illustrative examples will be given later. Good practical results have been obtained with a ring having radial walls leading to a solid central zone, so that openings are thus produced between each of said radial walls. The walls in question may be straight or on the contrary have a particular profile, for example in the form of a helix. But many other variants are possible: for example one can provide inside the ring delimiting the mouth, walls concentric with this ring, going towards the inside thereof, with radial walls disposed between said intermediate partitions and the outer ring.

By routine tests, the skilled person is able to choose the shapes and dimensions of the openings made in the mouthpiece to obtain the best results according to the type of active product to be used during washing. Illustrative examples will be given later.

According to a complementary embodiment, the shape of the ring surrounding the flexible bag can be chosen so as to facilitate the removal of particulate product in a larger container, for example a barrel. To this end, the ring can be arranged so that its outer edge acts as a sampling trough. To facilitate gripping, the ring may also have surface irregularities, in relief or in hollow, allowing a good grip with the fingers. But it is also possible to fix on the ring an element allowing its gripping. Such an element can be permanently mounted, in which case it is preferably of small dimension, or as a variant, this element consists of a handle of larger dimension, which can be removably fixed by any suitable means on the body of the Ring.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the present invention, the choice of a particular type of metering and diffusing device with flexible bag can be adapted to the active product to be used during washing. Thus, devices whose mouthpiece remains completely open during washing and which do not include any masking means can be used to contain detergents or additives whose constituents dissolve in water only slowly. An example of a detergent composition having such characteristics is as follows: Alkyl sulphates 7-10% Fatty acid 1- 3% Aluminum and sodium silicates 15-25% Water-soluble polymers 1- 3% Sodium silicate 3- 8% Sodium sulfate 10-40% Sodium carbonate 5-10% Alcalase (enzyme) 0-2%

In the above composition as well as in the other examples which follow, all the parts are expressed by weight unless otherwise indicated.

Another example of a detergent composition which can be used for delicate washing and which can be used with a metering and diffusing device with an open mouth is as follows: Alkyl sulphates 10-20% Fatty acid 1- 3% Aluminum and sodium silicates 20-30% Sodium silicate 1- 5% Sodium sulfate 20-40% Sodium carbonate 0- 5%

Additives which can also be used in such a metering and diffusing device are, for example, products which exert a softening action on the washing water. ge.

A metering and diffusing device comprising a mouthpiece with masking means can be used with detergents for heavy washes for which direct contact between the linen and some of its constituents should be avoided. As an example of a detergent composition for heavy washes falling into this category, the following may be cited: Alkyl sulphates 7-10% Fatty acid 1- 3% Aluminum and sodium silicates 15-25% Water-soluble polymers 1- 3% Sodium perborate 10-25% Sodium silicate 3- 8% Sodium sulfate 10-40% Sodium carbonate 5-10% Alcalase 0-2%

Additionally, the above composition can comprise up to 5% of a bleach activator such as tetraacetyl-ethylene diamine or iso-nonanoyl oxybenzene sulfonate.

Certain particulate products may present some difficulty in dissolving in the aqueous medium, after having been introduced inside the flexible bag. Powder residues, wet but not dissolved, which have remained inside the bag at the end of the washing operation have sometimes been observed.

The present invention also relates to a general type process described above and ensuring complete dissolution of the particulate product during the washing cycle.

The invention also relates to devices whose structure is designed to preserve the longevity of the flexible sheath constituting the bag.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a device is used comprising means extending inside the bag, from the mouth thereof, said means ensuring at least partial maintenance of the general shape of the bag during washing.

A device for the implementation of this embodiment is therefore characterized by the presence of the aforementioned holding means, which are placed inside the sheath of the bag.

It has been found that, the general shape of the sheath of the bag was then kept substantially during the entire washing operation, the holding means preventing in particular the flexible walls of the sheath from approaching. This eliminates the drawback observed in certain cases of a sort of imprisonment of a small portion of particulate product, when the walls of the bag are brought together until practically coming into contact, this amount of particulate product can even be compressed. between the walls of the bag, thus making dissolution less easy by the aqueous medium. Thanks to the present invention, the integrity of the shape of the bag is substantially preserved, so that the particulate product dissolves completely and normally during washing, to be gradually released through the mouth of the bag as well as, if the material constituting the bag is permeable to water, through the sheath of the bag.

In a first embodiment, the holding means consist of a rod plunging inside the bag, one end of which is fixed at the mouth and the other end is free.

The length of such a rod is variable, the latter being able to extend at various levels inside the bag, from the mouth to the bottom of the latter.

It is preferred that the cross section of the rod is significantly less than the section of the bag, so that the sheath thereof can exercise its function without being hindered by the presence of the rod inside the bag. It is also appropriate that the free end of the rod has a flared or open part towards the bottom of the bag. This flared part may have the shape of a disc produced in one piece with the rod or made integral with the latter by any means. This flared part can be full or perforated, so, in the latter case, to more easily allow free access to the aqueous medium to the bottom of the bag.

It has been found that, to ensure good maintenance of the shape of the bag, the length of the rod was, suitably, such that the flared part is in the vicinity of the bottom of the bag.

According to other embodiments according to the invention, the holding means consist of a cage plunging inside the bag.

Said cage may comprise a first end part, cooperating with the mouthpiece in order to be fixed on the latter and a second end part, which is free and extends inside the bag. This first end part can be shaped in the form of a rod to be fixed at the mouth of the bag, with the ring delimiting the latter or, if they exist, as is preferred, with the masking means from this mouth.

Said cage also comprises a number of members in the form of bars, which generally extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bag. It is advantageous that these bars are held at each end by an annular member, or any other section, generally corresponding to that of the mouth and the sheath of the bag.

According to yet another embodiment, which has currently given the best results, the holding means consist of an assembly whose longitudinal axis generally corresponds to that of the bag, said assembly comprises both at one end a first member cooperating with the means delimiting the mouth of the bag or, if they exist, with the means for masking the latter, and at the other end a second member located inside the bag, the said members serving as support for the bars extending generally longitudinally inside the bag.

It has been found that the best results for washing, in particular from the point of view of the dissolution of the particulate product, are obtained with an assembly of the type just mentioned, in which the bars extend in the vicinity of the sheath forming the bag. It is also preferred that, when the assembly is placed on the mouth, the second member is located inside the bag in the vicinity of the bottom thereof.

The embodiments which have just been cited to illustrate the means of holding inside the sheath of the bag can apply all the indications and embodiments described above, for example as regards the nature of the particulate product, of the general structure of the metering and diffusing device and of the constituent materials thereof. It will also be noted that the results of the invention can be obtained with very varied embodiments of the means for maintaining the shape of the bag during the washing operation. The description below gives illustrative examples.

In practice, the volume of the flexible bag must be chosen according to the dose of active product to be dispensed during washing. In the case of a detergent composition, suitable volume values for the flexible bag are approximately 250 ml to 400 ml, which makes it possible to introduce weight quantities of particulate detergent of the order of 150 250 g per wash.

It should also be noted that the method of the invention which uses a metering and diffusing device with flexible bag makes it possible to use detergent compositions which currently cannot find a practical application, due to the fact that they cannot be properly distributed from the container or compartment fitted to the washing machine. This is already true for certain high density detergent compositions, which have already been mentioned previously. But the same observation is to be made for other detergent compositions having a poor solubility in water. The method of the invention therefore makes it possible to use detergent compositions providing better washing performance, for example by reducing or even eliminating the fillers of sodium sulfate type while increasing the proportions of surfactant, for example anionic and nonionic. Also, the invention can be implemented with particulate products of very variable particle size, since the person skilled in the art has many parameters in the metering and diffusing device to choose the most appropriate device according to the nature of the active product. : material constituting the flexible bag as well as its shape, mouthpiece with or without masking means, shapes and dimensions of the mouthpiece and the openings which it comprises if there is presence of masking means, holding means inside the bag sheath, and the like.

When, in the description presence, it is a question of mouth or opening, these expressions are intended to designate passages of any shape through which products presented in particulate form or liquid, pasty or other products can pass.

The foregoing description and the following concrete examples illustrate the technical problems solved by the invention as well as the advantages which it provides.

The method of the invention makes it possible to distribute detergents, additives or other active washing products available in particulate form, even within the laundry in the machine, which provides higher concentrations of detergent solution in contact with the laundry and therefore increases the performance and quality of washing .

The invention virtually eliminates the losses of active product, in particular detergent, which occur when the metering compartment of the washing machine is used, the losses in the drain circuit of the machine also being eliminated.

The quantity of plastic material used in the metering and diffusing device is very low, since it is reduced to that of the ring delimiting the mouthpiece and carrying the flexible bag. In some cases, it is not even necessary to use plastic material to make such a ring. Thus, the invention provides better protection of the environment, since the materials constituting the device are very largely degraded in the natural environment.

Practical tests have also shown that using the dosing and diffusing device with a flexible bag did not cause any noise inside the machine during the washing operation. The device, due to its low weight, does not cause any damage to the laundry.

The very small size of the dosing and diffusing device with flexible bag makes it possible to associate it in an optimal manner with the packaging of products in particles, such as detergents and other additives useful in washing. It is thus possible to use individual packages comprising larger quantities of particulate product and / or packages which themselves have a reduced bulk. The device in question is very easy to handle and store, since it occupies only a very small space.

Unlike bags or sachets containing a predetermined dose of active product, the invention makes it possible to use any desired quantity of product, depending on the nature of the latter. We therefore even choose the metering and diffusing device most appropriate to the characteristics of the product, a type of device then being assigned to an individual product packaging.

The method of the invention is still very easy to implement since the metering and diffusing device can be used directly to take off the particulate active product. Once the washing operation is complete, the device is easily retrieved from the machine and can then be reused. Even if the user forgets the device in the machine or in the dryer, this presents no disadvantage either for the machine or for the laundry in a subsequent washing operation.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention therefore offers a great deal of flexibility in solving the various technical problems of washing machine in the machine with particulate active products.

• Fig. 1 représente schématiquement, en vue de face, un dispositif doseur et diffuseur utilisable dans le procédé de l'invention.
• Fig. 2 est une vue similaire à la figure 1 repré­sentant une variante.
• Fig. 3 est une vue similaire aux figures 1 et 2 représentant une autre variante.
• Fig. 4 est une coupe illustrant le montage du sac souple sur une bague-support.
• Fig. 5 est une vue en plan d'une bague délimitant l'embouchure du sac.
• Fig. 6 est une vue analogue à la figure 5 illus­ trant une variante.
• Fig. 7 est une vue analogue aux figures 5 et 6, illustrant une autre variante.
• Fig. 8 est une vue en plan schématique montrant une bague avec moyen de préhension.
• Fig. 9 est une vue analogue à la figure 8, illus­trant une variante.
• Fig. 10 est une vue analogue à la figure 8, illus­trant une autre variante.
• Fig. 11 est une vue en perspective éclatée, mon­trant les divers constituants d'un autre mode de réalisa­tion d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention, ainsi que le mode de montage desdits constituants.
• Fig. 12 est une vue en perspective avec arrache­ment partiel du dispositif de la Figure 11, tel qu'il peut être utilisé.
• Fig. 13 est une vue analogue à la Figure 12, il­lustrant une variante.
• Fig. 14 est une vue de dessus montrant un détail d'un organe du dispositif de la Figure 13.
• Fig. 15 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de l'invention.
• Fig. 16 est une vue en perspective de détail montrant une variante des moyens de maintien utilisés dans le dispositif de la Figure 15.
• Fig. 17 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de l'invention.
• Fig. 18 est une vue en perspective du dispositif de la Figure 17, avec arrachement partiel, ledit dispositif étant monté et prêt à l'utilisation.

The invention will be further illustrated without being in any way limited by the following description made with reference to the appended drawings in which:

• Fig. 1 schematically represents, in front view, a metering and diffusing device usable in the method of the invention.
• Fig. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing a variant.
• Fig. 3 is a view similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing another variant.
• Fig. 4 is a section illustrating the mounting of the flexible bag on a support ring.
• Fig. 5 is a plan view of a ring delimiting the mouth of the bag.
• Fig. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 illus trant a variant.
• Fig. 7 is a view similar to FIGS. 5 and 6, illustrating another variant.
• Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a ring with gripping means.
• Fig. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8, illustrating a variant.
• Fig. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 8, illustrating another variant.
• Fig. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing the various components of another embodiment of a device according to the invention, as well as the method of mounting said components.
• Fig. 12 is a perspective view with partial cutaway of the device of Figure 11, as it can be used.
• Fig. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 12, illustrating a variant.
• Fig. 14 is a top view showing a detail of an organ of the device in FIG. 13.
• Fig. 15 is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of a device of the invention.
• Fig. 16 is a detailed perspective view showing a variant of the holding means used in the device in FIG. 15.
• Fig. 17 is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of a device of the invention.
• Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the device of FIG. 17, with partial cutaway, said device being mounted and ready for use.

The metering and diffusing device designated by the general reference 10 in FIG. 1 essentially comprises a ring 1 and a bag 2 made of flexible material, for example cotton fabric. The size of the openings of the fabric 2 must be such that it can prevent the free passage of a pro particulate matter, in particular a detergent, placed inside the bag, even with regard to the finest particles. In the example shown in Figure 1, the bag 2 has a generally approximately cylindrical shape but there are shown variants in Figures 2 and 3 which illustrate different shapes.

In Figure 2 the device 20 comprises a ring 21 carrying a flexible bag 22 which tapers towards the tip. The device 30 of FIG. 3 comprises a ring 31 and a flexible bag 32 which widens out from the mouth delimited by the ring 31. The shape of the bags allows the retention characteristics of the particulate product to be varied. inside the bags and, consequently, the ability to diffuse into the washing medium and into the laundry the particulate product in pre-dissolved form. Thus, the bag 22 of Figure 2 provides faster diffusion characteristics than the bag 32 of Figure 3, the structure of the ring 31 and the corresponding mouth being the same.

Figure 4 is a sectional view schematically showing the mounting of a flexible bag 42 on a support ring 41. In this example it is made of plastic, for example polypropylene. It is formed of an outer wall 43 connecting to an inner wall 44, the latter being substantially rectilinear. Between these two walls is provided a compartment 45 inside which can be inserted the extreme edge 46 of the bag 42. To ensure the maintenance of the bag 42 on the ring 41, any suitable means can be used, for example an adhesive capable of withstand the temperatures used in washing machines, including those where drying is carried out, the temperatures then being able to range up to 150 ° C.

FIG. 5 schematically shows in plan the structure of a ring having given good practical results in the implementation of the method of the invention. It essentially comprises a peripheral wall 51 arranged in the same way as the ring 41 shown in FIG. 4. At the center of the ring 51 is mounted a pad 52 from which extend a certain number (in the example chosen this number is equal to 6) of elements 53 in the form of turbine blades. Between the elements 53 are openings 57. A ring of the type shown in FIG. 5 allows both the filling of an associated flexible bag, while preventing a massive release of particulate product through the openings 57. Indeed, during operation of the machine, the device is rolled at the same time as the linen, which favors bringing the particulate product into contact with the washing medium, the latter penetrating both through the pores of the flexible bag and through the openings 57. On the other hand, the particulate product practically does not leave in undissolved solid form, thanks to the presence of the blades 53. It goes without saying that the example of FIG. 5 is only illustrative. Many other variants can also be provided. By way of indication, FIG. 6 shows a ring comprising a peripheral wall 61, an internal stud 62 and rectilinear radial partitions 64, to form openings 67 therebetween. In FIG. 7, we can see a ring comprising a wall peripheral 71, an intermediate wall 73 of concentric shape and an interior stud 72. Between the walls 71 and 73 are provided radial partitions 74 forming between them openings 77. Likewise between the walls 73 and the interior stud 72 are provided walls radial 75 forming openings therebetween 78. Results equivalent to those of the device of FIG. 5 can be obtained using the devices of FIGS. 6 and 7, by appropriately choosing the number and the size of the openings thus produced.

Figures 5 to 6 have been given only by way of illustration for those skilled in the art. The latter can also use structures which have been the subject of FIGS. 4 to 23 of the FR patent application already mentioned and introduced by reference in the present specification.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show rings which all have inside certain elements which act as masking means to prevent the particulate product from being released in solid form from the inside of the bag. However, depending on the nature of the particular product to be used, it is perfectly possible to use rings leaving the mouth of the bag entirely free. This type of ring is shown in Figures 8 and 9. For the purposes of illustration, the ring of Figure 8 has a peripheral wall 81 provided with a tongue 82 which can serve as a gripping means. The tongue 82 facilitates the introduction of the particulate product when it is taken out in a package for dosing in the bag. FIG. 9 illustrates a variant in which the ring 91 can be provided with a handle 92, presented separately and which can be fixed in a removable manner at 93, by any suitable rapid fixing means, in particular by clipping or notching.

FIG. 10 shows another variant according to which the ring 101 comprises surface irregularities on its outer edge, intended to facilitate gripping with the fingers. In the example chosen, these irregularities are formed by a recess 102, for example to accommodate the thumb, and at least one other recess 103, to accommodate the index finger of the same hand. The user can thus, very simply, grasp the ring 101 in order to fill the bag associated with it.

The metering and diffusing devices used in the process of the invention have been illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 10 with rings delimiting a circular mouth. We has already said that this shape is by no means compulsory and that one can also use oval or other contours. Devices which do not have a sharp edge are preferred for washing purposes, so as to cause no damage to the laundry. This is why in general it prefers round or oval structures rather than structures with square or rectangular sections, even if the edges are rounded. Anyway, the skilled person can adopt any shape or structure, especially if the ring is made of plastic, because its manufacture is easy by known molding techniques, for example by injection. But, as already indicated above, it is not imperative that the ring is made of plastic, other materials may also be suitable.

Figures 11 to 18 illustrate embodiments of the device of the invention with holding means arranged inside the sheath of the bag.

The device shown in perspective and in exploded view in Figure 11 comprises, in accordance with the teaching of the main patent, a part 201 having the general shape of a ring, which delimits the mouth of the device. This, in the example shown, comprises masking means 202, which are constituted by a number of sails in the form of propellers, which start from a hollow central axis 203 to end at the periphery of the ring 201 This type of device is easy to obtain by molding plastic material, for example polyethylene or polyproplyene. The central part 203 is hollow, which lightens the device and also makes it possible to produce the assembly according to the invention, as will be described later.

Furthermore, the device comprises a bag 204, for example in the form of a nonwoven, permeable to an aqueous medium. This bag has an end 204 a and a bottom 204 b . The end 204 a is wound and fixed on a ring 205, which can be fixed by form conjugation in the ring 201; this fixing can be done by simple pressing in or by any other means, for example by screwing or by quick fixing of the bead-throat type (clipping). All of these mounting methods are familiar to those skilled in the art and are easy to use with plastic components.

The device of FIG. 11 also comprises means which, in the example shown, consist of a rod 206 ending in a widened or flared part 207. At its end 208, the rod 206 is pressed into the central part 203 of the ring 201.

Figure 12 shows the device of Figure 11, once it has been mounted. It can be seen that the holding means, in the form of the rod 206, extend from the center 203 of the ring 201 to a depth inside the bag 204 close to the bottom 204 b thereof. In this example, the part 207 is full and the rod 206 extends practically over the entire length of the bag.

However, it is possible to provide the device of Figures 11 and 12 with numerous variants, all of which fall within the scope of the invention. The length of the rod 206 can be variable. For example, as shown in Figure 13, where the same components have the same reference numbers, the rod 206 does not go to the bottom of the bag 204. Also, the section of the open part 207 can be d variable importance. Similarly, FIGS. 11 and 12 show a solid part 207, but, as shown seen from above in FIG. 14, the holding means can consist of a rod 206 comprising at its end plunging inside the bag, a perforated disc 209; in this example we see that the disc 209 has three holes 209 b , held by a ring 209 a . It is clear that a rod of the type shown in Figure 14 can also be used in a device according to Figures 11 and 12.

In view of the use, one introduces into one of the devices represented in FIGS. 11 to 14, the desired quantity of particulate product, having a function during washing, more particularly a detergent. Any of the particulate products already described above can be used. Tests have been carried out with detergent compositions, examples of which will be given below. The volume of the bag 204 must correspond to the quantity of detergent useful for washing, for example the bag is designed to contain an amount of the order of 250 g of powder. With a device of the kind shown in FIGS. 11 to 14, the quantity of undissolved powder at the end of the washing is greatly reduced compared to a device comprising no means for holding the bag inside of it. The tests carried out have shown that the devices of the type described in FIG. 12 (rod going to the bottom of the bag) give rather better results than those in which the rod does not go to the bottom of the bag.

Figures 15 and 16 illustrate another embodiment in which the holding means are established in the form of a cage.

Figure 15 shows in exploded view the various components of the device. As in FIG. 11, we see the ring 211 provided with its masking means 212 in the form of a helix, with its central opening 213. The bag 214 is fixed at its end 214 a to a ring 215. The latter cooperates by conjugation of shapes with the ring 211. The holding means designated by the general reference 220, have a first end in the form of a cylindrical rod 216 ending in a part 218 capable of being introduced into the central opening 213 of the ring 211. At the other end, the cage 220 ends with an openwork collar 219 and, as shown in the drawing in FIG. 15, we see members 217 or bars, extending in the direction longitudinal inside the bag 214 and in the axis thereof. In the example shown, these bars 217 are four in number. As for the devices represented in FIGS. 11 to 14, the height of the cage 220 can be variable, so that the flange 219 can end near the bottom 214 b of the bag 214 or else stop at an intermediate distance from the inside the bag 214. Also, the end 219 is shown in the form of an openwork collar, but it is also possible to use a full disc. In the assembly illustrated in Figure 15, the bars 217 have a part 217 b substantially parallel to the axis of the bag 214 and another part 217 has oriented obliquely to connect to the rod 216. Many other alternative embodiments are possible while adopting a general form of cage. By way of example, a variant has been shown in Figure 16. The latter illustrates holding means in the form of a cage designated by the general reference 220. At one end, there is a tubular part 216, of small dimensions , intended to be introduced into the central opening 213 of the ring 211. At the other end, the cage 220 ends in a flange 219. We also see the bars 217 which have longitudinal parts 217 b of other parts 217 a connecting to the tubular part 216.

In the variant of Figure 16, we see another flange 219 a which is mounted so as to support the bars 217 b before they change direction in the form of bars 217 a to join the rod 216. In this way, the mechanical strength of the assembly is further improved. Such variants are within the reach of those skilled in the art, all the more that their manufacture is easy by injection molding techniques for plastics.

With the device of the kind illustrated in Figures 15 and 16, good washing results are obtained, especially if the section of the cage 220 is fairly close to that of the bag 214.

Figures 17 and 18 illustrate another embodiment which has been found to provide particularly interesting results for washing laundry in the machine.

The exploded view of Figure 17 shows the various components of the device. This first comprises a ring 221 comprising masking means 222 in the form of a helix extending around a hollow central axis 223. Furthermore, the bag 224 has a bottom 224 b and is fixed to its other end 224 a on a ring 225 which can cooperate by conjugation of shapes with the ring 221. The holding means consist of an assembly designated by the general reference 230. The latter comprises two members 226, 229 of generally annular shape. The ring 226 has a flange 229 capable of bearing on the ring 225 delimiting the mouth of the bag, so that during assembly, the ring 221 comes to cover the flange 228 and the ring 225. In this way, the assembly 230 is integral with both the ring 225 carrying the bag 224 and the ring 221, which is fixed by any suitable means: screwing, simple insertion or rapid fixing by clipping (of the bead and groove type).

Between the annular members 226 and 229 extend a number of bars 227 giving the assembly 230 a generally frustoconical shape, the section of the member 226 being greater than that of the member 229. In this case also, the realization of the assembly 230, like those of the other components of the device, is within the reach of those skilled in the art, by using conventional means of plastic molding.

There is shown in Figure 18 the device of Figure 17 once mounted, that is to say in use. The partial tearing practiced in the bag 224 makes it possible to see inside of it the arrangement of the assembly 230, which is used to maintain the general shape from the bag. In the example shown, the longitudinal dimension of the assembly 230 is such that the ring member 229 arrives at a small distance from the bottom 224 b of the bag 224. This arrangement gave the best practical results and it was found that no residue of particulate product, such as a detergent, remained at the end of a washing operation. Possible variants can however be implemented with different dimensions of the assembly 230, the latter then extending to variable levels inside the bag 224. It has also been found that a structure of the holding means like that of the assembly 230 gave it excellent mechanical strength.

The invention will be further illustrated by the concrete examples below relating to the implementation of the method of the invention. In a first series of examples, a metering and diffusing device was used comprising a flexible bag with a capacity of 250 ml to 400 ml, having the approximate shape shown in FIG. 2. Its mouth was delimited by a polypropylene ring as illustrated above with reference to FIG. 5. In the tests reported below, the washing of the laundry was carried out with doses of detergent varying between 150 and 250 g. In some tests, the bag was made with a cotton fabric, the mesh openings of which were less than about 0.5 mm in size. Other tests were carried out with a non-woven cotton bag, having openings in the range of about 0.5 to 0.8 mm and equivalent results were obtained.

As active product in the tests, a detergent composition for heavy washing was used as defined below: Alkyl sulphates 7-10% Fatty acid 1- 3% Aluminum and sodium silicates 15-25% Water-soluble polymers 1- 3% Sodium perborate 10-25% Sodium silicate 3- 8% Sodium sulfate 10-40% Sodium carbonate 5-10% Alcalase 0-2%

All the above parts are by weight. In some of the tests, the above composition was added with an amount of up to 5% of a bleach activator, namely tetraacetylethylenediamine. In all cases, excellent results in washing performance have been obtained.

Comparative tests have been undertaken to assess the speed of dissolution of the same granular detergent composition for heavy washing of the type just described, under conditions similar to those of washing the machine. A metering device was used according to the present invention comprising a ring as shown in Figure 5, and a bag made of a coextruded polypropylene film with openings of about 380 microns. Furthermore, the same tests were carried out on a metering device comprising an identical ring but extended by a solid polyethylene body. In both cases the capacity of the device corresponded to approximately 200 g. The results obtained showed that the speed of dissolution of the composition was faster with the device according to the invention, as evidenced by the measurements made on the amount of detergent released in the bath, especially during a period of 8 to 10 minutes. after placing the device in the machine. This is particularly favorable for washing laundry.

Additional comparative tests have been undertaken to demonstrate the benefits of a flexible bag metering and diffusing device in machine washing. The tests reported below were carried out on the one hand with a device according to the invention, comprising a cotton fabric bag fixed to a ring of the type shown in FIG. 5 and on the other hand a device comprising a rigid polyethylene body, secured to a ring identical to that of FIG. 5. In all cases, the defined granular detergent composition for heavy washing was used.

The conditions for the machine washing tests were as follows: Type of washing machine : Miele and Siemens washing machines available on the market Wash temperature : 30 ° C, 60 ° C and 90 ° C respectively. Wash cycle : main wash only Water hardness : average value corresponding to mains water from the distribution network Drying : in a shaker dryer Laundry load : household goods fabrics ordinary at a rate of 2 kg (30 ° C) and 3 kg (60 and 90 ° C) with, as comparison points, four pairs of identical characteristic samples per test, the number of comparison tests being 24.

The washing results were evaluated by experts, who thus carried out 288 visual evaluations (ie 12 per test) based in particular on the characteristic samples.

The preference rate (61%) expressed in favor of the flexible bag device of the invention was significantly higher than that (39%) concerning the rigid device.

The above results therefore show the superior performance achieved by the invention in machine washing.

Other machine washing tests were carried out with devices of the invention, such as as illustrated in Figures 11 to 18 above, the bag being each time made of non-woven cotton. The particulate product used was a detergent powder having the following approximate composition: Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate 5.64 Alkyl (tallow) sulfate 2.42 Non-ionic 5.76 Sodium tripolyphosphate 24.00 Zeolite A 5.39 Polymers 3.60 Sodium perborate 13.50 Tetraaminoethylenediamine 5.28 Enzyme 1.62 Buffer 21.18 Chelating 1.08 Miscellaneous and humidity complement to 100

The above composition, in which the parts are expressed by weight, corresponds to a detergent containing, as an adjuvant, a phosphate-based constituent, namely sodium tripolyphosphate.

Other powder detergent compositions have also been used, and in particular phosphate-free compositions, such as that indicated below: Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate 6.63 Alkyl (tallow) sulfate 2.43 Non-ionic 6.11 Zeolite A 22 Polymers 5.60 Sodium perborate 16 Tetraaminoethylenediamine 5.76 Enzyme 1.62 Buffer 20 Chelating 0.80 Miscellaneous and humidity complement to 100

The amount of product used was 260 g in each case. The washing tests were carried out by placing in the drum of the machine white and colored towels and for the purposes of the demonstration, the device was placed in the middle of the towels to be washed, these being folded to cover the device as well put in place.

The washing machine was then started (program 7 - 40 ° C) and the complete washing cycle was allowed to end. We then retrieved the device, taking care to grasp it by its mouth ring, to carefully observe any residues of undissolved powder that could have remained inside the bag, in particular at the bottom of it.

By way of comparison, devices have also been used which have no means of holding inside the bag. In all cases, the devices with holding means were found to be superior, in that the quantities of undissolved powder residue were either completely absent, or, in any case, significantly lower than those of the device not comprising the means holding. In the case of devices of the kind illustrated in Figures 17 and 18, the best results have been recorded. Also, it has been found that even after numerous washes (10 to 20 washes), the device could be reused without wearing the bag.

The present invention has been illustrated with devices comprising a mouth with masking means. It is quite certain that the same provisions could also be adopted with devices without masking means, that is to say with a mouth completely free from the bag. Similarly, the practical tests were carried out with bags whose constituent material was permeable to the aqueous medium. It goes without saying that the invention is also applicable to devices whose bag is impermeable to the aqueous washing medium.

It should also be noted that a certain amount of particulate matter can pass through the mouth of the device in the undissolved state, especially at the start of the washing cycle. The advantages of a progressive dissolution of the material contained in the bag and of its diffusion within the linen are nonetheless obtained during washing.

As those skilled in the art will readily understand, numerous modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its scope. Thus, in the preceding examples, the invention has above all been illustrated in its application to particulate detergents, but it should be understood that the invention can also be used with other particulate active products useful in washing, which can be shown separately and exert their specific effects at selected times in the wash cycle, either at the start of the wash cycle or during the wash.

Claims (34)

1. Method for washing machine in a machine, according to which a reusable type metering and diffusing device is filled with a particulate product having activity during washing, this device is placed in the machine with the washing machine and then performs the washing in the usual manner, characterized in that said device essentially comprises a flexible bag-shaped sheath extending around at least one mouth, which allows the filling of the bag with the desired quantity of product corresponding substantially to a washing operation and remains at least partially open during washing, the aqueous washing medium penetrating inside the bag at least through the mouth of the latter for the progressive dissolution of the particulate product, the latter thus being progressively released during washing predominantly in the form of an aqueous solution passing at least through the mouth of the bag. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particulate product having an activity during washing is a detergent, for heavy washing or for delicate washing, including a detergent presented in the form of particles with high density. 3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particulate product having an activity during washing is chosen from bleaching agents, such as agents releasing chlorine or active oxygen (peroxygen compounds), catalysts bleaching agents, bleaching agents, bactericides, foam regulators, brightening agents, anti-deposition agents for soiling, enzymes, softeners, agents which have a stain-removing action on grease stains or constituents which do not exert direct action on soiling but which can intervene in a machine washing process, for example agents ensuring protection of the internal parts and components of the washing machine. 4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bag is made of a material capable of retaining the particulate product, without letting it pass in solid form, as well as withstanding the washing temperatures of the laundry machine or drying, especially up to around 150 ° C. 5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flexible bag is made of a permeable or waterproof material. 6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the material constituting the bag is designed to allow the penetration of the aqueous washing medium through the bag, towards the particulate product which is contained therein, as well as the diffusion of an active aqueous solution, coming from the progressive dissolution of the particulate product and passing through the bag, from the inside to the outside of the latter. 7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one uses a dosing and diffusing device with flexible bag with a completely free mouth, in combination with an active product to be dissolved and released quickly, and does not containing no component detrimental to laundry by direct contact with it. 8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a metering and diffusing device with a flexible bag is used, the mouth of which comprises masking means, in combination with an active product capable of being dissolved. quickly but more slowly released within the washing medium, for example a detergent for heavy washing with which it is necessary to avoid direct contact between the laundry and some of its constituents. 9. Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the flexible bag is formed from a woven or non-woven material of natural fibers, such as cotton, or synthetic or mixtures thereof, or from extruded or co- extruded, with perforations. 10. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the flexible bag is produced from a plastic mesh or a sheet of paper or other porous and water-resistant cellulosic material. . 11. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the material of the flexible bag is provided with a coating making it resistant to water. 12. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the external shape of the flexible bag is adapted to the type of particulate product used and may for example be a substantially cylindrical sheath extending in the extension of the mouthpiece, or a sheath that tapers from the mouthpiece or widens therefrom. 13. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the device comprises a single mouth, the section of which is circular, oval, square, rectangular and the like, the sections of rounded shape being preferred. 14. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the mouth of the bag is delimited by a means serving to support the sheath of the bag, in particular in the form of a ring having as cross-section that provided for the mouth. 15. The method of claim 14, characterized in that the material of the ring is a plastic material, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, or a metal or wood or cardboard made water resistant or any material similar. 16. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the mouth is completely free. 17. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the mouth includes means making it possible to mask it, with the exception of certain predetermined openings. 18. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the mouth is delimited by a ring having radial walls ending in a solid central zone, said walls being able to be rectilinear or to present a particular profile, for example shaped like a propeller. 19. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the ring delimiting the mouth of the flexible bag is shaped to facilitate the removal of the particulate product in a larger packaging, for example a barrel. 20. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the mouth is delimited by a ring comprising an element facilitating its gripping, permanently mounted or constituted by a larger handle which can be fixed from removably on the body of the ring. 21. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that a device is used comprising means extending inside the bag from the mouth thereof, said means ensuring maintaining at least partially the general shape of the bag during washing. 22. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that the holding means consist of a rod plunging inside the bag, one end of which is fixed at the mouth and the other end is free. 23. Method according to one of claims 21 or 22, characterized in that the length of the rod is variable, the latter being able to extend at various levels inside the bag, from the mouth to the bottom of the latter. 24. Method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the free end of the rod has a flared or expanded part, said part being able to be full or perforated. 25. Method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the length of the rod is such that the flared part is located near the bottom of the bag. 26. The method of claim 21, characterized in that the holding means consist of a cage plunging inside the bag. 27. The method of claim 26, characterized in that the cage comprises a first end part cooperating with the mouthpiece in order to be fixed on the latter and a second end part, which is free and extends inside the bag. 28. The method of claim 27, characterized in that the first end portion is shaped like a rod to be fixed at the mouth of the bag, with the ring delimiting the latter or, if they exist, with the means for masking this mouth. 29. Method according to any one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the cage comprises a number of members in the form of bars which generally extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bag. 30. The method of claim 29, characterized in that the bars are held by members of section generally corresponding to that of the mouth and the sheath of the bag. 31. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that the holding means consist of an assembly whose longitudinal axis generally corresponds to that of the bag, said assembly comprising at one end a first member cooperating with the means delimiting the mouth of the bag or, if they exist, with the means for masking the latter, and at the other end a second member located inside the bag, said members serving to support bars extending generally longitudinally inside the bag. 32. Method according to claim 31, characterized in that the bars of the assembly extend in the vicinity of the sheath forming the bag. 33. Method according to one of claims 31 or 32, characterized in that, when the assembly is put in place, the second member is located inside the bag in the vicinity of the bottom thereof. 34. Dosing and diffusing device for particulate product having activity during washing of the machine in the machine, in particular for detergent, as used in the process according to any one of claims 1 to 33.

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