EP0342254A1 - Dispositif pour fondre des matières thermoplastiques, en particulier des adhésifs - Google Patents

Dispositif pour fondre des matières thermoplastiques, en particulier des adhésifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0342254A1
EP0342254A1 EP88107964A EP88107964A EP0342254A1 EP 0342254 A1 EP0342254 A1 EP 0342254A1 EP 88107964 A EP88107964 A EP 88107964A EP 88107964 A EP88107964 A EP 88107964A EP 0342254 A1 EP0342254 A1 EP 0342254A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
melting
melting unit
collecting chamber
passages
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88107964A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Henning J. Claassen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nordson Corp
Original Assignee
Nordson Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nordson Corp filed Critical Nordson Corp
Priority to EP88107964A priority Critical patent/EP0342254A1/fr
Publication of EP0342254A1 publication Critical patent/EP0342254A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1042—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material provided with means for heating or cooling the liquid or other fluent material in the supplying means upstream of the applying apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for melting high polymer, thermoplastic materials, in particular adhesives, of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device is known from DE-OS 34 47 662 and has a sealed reservoir for the particulate starting material, a transport device, namely a pneumatically operated plunger, for conveying the starting material from the reservoir through the passages of a heatable melting unit in a collection chamber and an outlet opening in the collection chamber for the supply of the melted material for further processing.
  • the starting material arrives from the storage container in a pressure chamber which is delimited on one side by the pneumatically operated plunger and on the opposite side by a heatable melting wall with the passages.
  • the pneumatically operated plunger presses the heated and thus liquefied starting material through the passages of the melting wall, which open into a common collecting space running perpendicular to the direction of flow in the passages.
  • a forerunner of such a melting device can be found in DE-PS 31 09 369, it also being necessary to redirect the flow several times from the storage container via the melting chamber through the passages of the melting wall to the collecting chamber.
  • US Pat. No. 4,660,043 shows a gun for applying a hot-melt adhesive, in which a rod-shaped starting material is transported to a melting chamber, warmed up there and thus melted and finally brought to an outlet opening.
  • An elaborate mechanical construction ensures the transport of the rod-shaped starting material, which is moved on a straight path through the barrel of the gun. The force required to move the starting material must be supplied via the release.
  • thermoplastic materials such as, for example, adhesives in the form of powders, granules or chips, which currently have to be processed with extruders.
  • These processing temperatures can be easily achieved with conventional processing extruders for thermoplastic, polymeric materials; however, the dynamic shear stress occurring in such an extruder and thus the heating of the materials is unfavorable for many thermoplastics.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device for melting high-polymer, thermoplastic materials, in particular adhesives, of the type specified, in which the disadvantages mentioned above do not occur.
  • a device is to be proposed with which thermoplastic, high-polymer materials can be melted gently by means of an extremely short thermal load and without the disadvantages of extruder-shear heating.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are based on the very uniform and gentle treatment and conveying of the material, which is brought to the outlet on a straight path from the storage container via the melting unit and the collecting chamber and is only subjected to negligible shear stresses, so that molecular changes be largely excluded.
  • the thermal load is also extremely low, since the flow rate in the melting unit can be easily adapted to the properties of the material, in particular its viscosity and particle size, by using the appropriate melting unit.
  • the corresponding parameters, which are matched to the properties of the material are essentially the diameter, the length, the shape and, if appropriate, the conicity of the passages of the melting unit.
  • the melting unit itself can be heated directly or indirectly and forms a kind of "heat exchanger" which uniformly applies the heat generated internally or externally to the material flowing through its passages.
  • the entire heat exchanger As a resistance heater. Because of its excellent permeability in connection with its high thermal conductivity and thus its good heat exchange effect, the use of a sintered material, in particular a sintered metal, is appropriate.
  • such a heat exchanger consisting, for example, of sintered material could also be heated indirectly by being arranged in a heated heating block.
  • this device Compared to the previously common extruders, this device has a considerable investment cost advantage in the performance range up to 100 kg / hour, since costly ground extruder / screw cylinders and high-performance drives are eliminated.
  • it is used as a melting unit serving heat exchanger indirectly heated, as this ensures optimal use of the available material core for the passages with extremely narrow intermediate webs. This also simplifies the exchange or cleaning of the heat exchanger.
  • both the passages in the melting unit and the collection chamber have a conical shape, it being essential for the functioning that the cross section of the outlet opening is smaller than the cross section of the narrowest point of the collection chamber, and that the total cross section of the passages in the Melting unit is smaller than the free cross section of the storage container.
  • the flow of the starting material from the storage container over the melting unit and the collecting chamber to the outlet opening is not impeded at any point by resistors, in particular surfaces that run transversely to the direction of flow, since all surfaces, including the conical surfaces of the passages in the melting unit and the collecting chamber are directed in the direction of flow.
  • the entrance cross section of the melting unit with the inlet openings of the passages is also provided with tapered webs between the individual passages, so as not to impede the free flow of the material.
  • passages can also be produced by milling in the case of a divided and subsequently screwed-together melting unit, according to a preferred embodiment bores are used which are generally easier to manufacture.
  • the device in particular the melting unit, is heated electrically.
  • the associated control can be carried out electronically via a sensor or a thermostat.
  • the corresponding sensors can either be accommodated in the heat exchanger of the melting unit itself or in the associated heating block. It is also possible to arrange the sensors in the flowing material mass if they do not unnecessarily impede the desired, uniform flow.
  • pressure sensors can also be provided in the material flow, which serve for regulation, but also as fault indicators.
  • At least the melting unit and the surfaces of its holes should be provided with a high-temperature-resistant non-stick coating, so that there can be no material deposits that would hinder the desired, free flow of the material.
  • the other surfaces in particular the inner walls of the collecting chamber and its outlet opening, can also be provided with such a non-stick coating.
  • the device for melting a high-polymer, thermoplastic material, such as polycarbonate, in particular a high-melting structural hot-melt adhesive, such as polyester, copolyester, polyamide and copolyamide, which can be seen from FIG. 1 and is generally indicated by reference numeral 10, has a cylindrical reservoir 12, whose axis is perpendicular.
  • the particulate starting material 14 which has, for example, powder, granule or schnitzel form.
  • the filling of the storage container 12 with the starting material 14 takes place via a filler neck 16 which is attached to the side and which can be closed in an airtight manner by means of a cover 18.
  • a circumferential flange 20 is provided, on which a cover plate 22 rests.
  • the cover plate 22 is provided with a vacuum connection 24 and a nitrogen connection 26.
  • an air cylinder 28 for acting on a piston 30 which is displaceable in the storage container 12 and which pushes the particulate starting material 14 downwards in the storage container 12 and thereby conveys it.
  • a further nitrogen connection 32 is provided on the side wall of the storage container 12.
  • the lower end of the storage container 12 is surrounded by a cooling jacket 34 which is fed with a coolant flow.
  • heating block 36 At the bottom of the cooling jacket 34 there is a heating block 36, in which there are electrical heating elements 38, in particular resistance heating elements, and thermal sensors 40.
  • the heating block 36 is surrounded by an insulating jacket 42.
  • the heating block 36 there is a recess running from top to bottom, the lower end of which forms a collecting chamber 44 with an outlet opening 46.
  • a collecting chamber 44 is in the recesses in the heating block 36, for. B. from sintered material existing heat exchanger 48, which is also provided with a thermal sensor 40.
  • the heat exchanger 48 At its upper end facing the storage container 12, the heat exchanger 48 has a protruding edge, the inner surface of which tapers downwards and immediately adjoins the correspondingly conical shaped upper edge of the recess in the heating block 36, so that a uniform, funnel-shaped inlet of the wall of the reservoir 12 to the heat exchanger 48 is formed.
  • a multiplicity of through bores 50 with a circular cross section are formed, which are each separated from one another by narrow, blade-shaped webs.
  • the bores or the intermediate webs are matched to one another in such a way that in the inlet cross section of the heat exchanger 48 and thus the bores 50 only narrow, cutting-like transitions occur, but no surfaces running at right angles to the flow direction of the material 14 occur.
  • the bores 50 thus have a conically tapering shape from top to bottom, so that the bores 50 have their largest cross section in the inlet cross section of the heat exchanger 48 and are separated from one another by the narrow, cutting-like webs.
  • the smallest cross section of the bores is located at the lower outlet cross section of the heat exchanger 48.
  • the shape of the lower region of the recess and thus of the collecting chamber 44 is adapted to the outlet cross section of the heat exchanger 48 in such a way that the individual material flows emerging from the bores 50 together without any hindrance into the conically tapering collecting chamber 44 and thus to the outlet opening 46 arrive.
  • a hose, a pipeline or another means for the further transport of the liquefied material 14 can be connected to the outlet opening.
  • the lower end of the heating block 36 rests on supports 52, which in turn stand on a base 54.
  • Fig. 2 shows the melting unit with the heat exchanger 48 from above; one can see the entry cross-sections of the bores 50 with the cutting-like, tapered upper edges of the intermediate webs.
  • the unmelted, pourable material for example a construction hot melt adhesive based on polyester, is added to the reservoir 12 via the filler neck 16; the filling can take place either continuously or discontinuously.
  • the storage container 12 is degassed, as a result of which the residual moisture in the material 14 and the air-oxygen are removed, and as a result no adverse reactions which change the properties of the material can be caused.
  • the supply of nitrogen via the connections 26, 32 shields the material, which reacts very sensitively, especially when heated, against oxidation.
  • the cooling jacket 34 prevents the premature melting of the material above the heat exchanger 48 by heat rising upwards; it is thus ensured that the actual melting process only begins in the area of the heat exchanger 48.
  • the piston 30 is displaced downward by the air cylinder 28 in the storage container 12, so that the starting material 14 is conveyed from the storage container 12 to the heat exchanger 48.
  • the material 14 is subjected to a precisely defined amount of heat, so that a maximum amount of material in the shortest possible time can be melted by contact or transition heat.
  • the material flows emerging from the individual bores 50 of the heat exchanger 48 are combined in the collecting chamber 44, which also tapers downwards.
  • the cross section of the outlet opening 46 is smaller than the smallest cross section of the collecting chamber 44, and the total cross section of the bores 50 in the heat exchanger 48 is smaller than the free cross section of the storage container 12, so that it extends from top to bottom over the entire conveying path of the material 14 builds up a uniform pressure, which contributes to the continuous conveyance of the material in connection with a uniform melting process.
  • the temperature control during the melting process in the heat exchanger 48 is carried out in the usual way, taking into account the actual temperature value determined by the thermal sensors 40.
  • All surfaces of the heat exchanger 48 that come into contact with the material 14 and the inner wall of the collecting chamber 44 are provided with a high-temperature-resistant non-stick coating, so that no material deposits can occur.
  • the heat exchanger 48 is designed as a separate unit which is detachably arranged in the heating block 36 and can therefore be easily replaced; this makes it possible to adapt the heat exchanger 48 to different requirements, namely the viscosity and the particle size of the material.
  • the diameter, the length, the shape and the taper of the bores 50 can be varied.
  • the heating block and heat exchanger in one piece; in this case it must be ensured that the entire unit consisting of the heating block and the heat exchanger can be replaced.
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification of the device 10 according to FIG. 1, in which the conveyance of the material 14 in the storage container 12 is not carried out by the piston / cylinder drive 28, 30 but by a screw 56; the worm 56 has a vertical axis 58 which is rotated by an electric motor 60 mounted on the cover plate 52.
  • the filling also does not take place via a lateral filler neck 16, but rather via a filler connection 62 on the cover 22, that is to say from the upper end of the storage container 12.

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  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
EP88107964A 1988-05-18 1988-05-18 Dispositif pour fondre des matières thermoplastiques, en particulier des adhésifs Withdrawn EP0342254A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88107964A EP0342254A1 (fr) 1988-05-18 1988-05-18 Dispositif pour fondre des matières thermoplastiques, en particulier des adhésifs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88107964A EP0342254A1 (fr) 1988-05-18 1988-05-18 Dispositif pour fondre des matières thermoplastiques, en particulier des adhésifs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0342254A1 true EP0342254A1 (fr) 1989-11-23

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EP88107964A Withdrawn EP0342254A1 (fr) 1988-05-18 1988-05-18 Dispositif pour fondre des matières thermoplastiques, en particulier des adhésifs

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP0342254A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9213638U1 (de) * 1992-10-09 1993-01-14 Reinhard Düspohl Maschinenbau GmbH, 33334 Gütersloh Vorplastifiziergerät für PUR-Kleber in fester Blockform
EP2095885A3 (fr) * 2003-07-14 2013-05-15 Nordson Corporation Appareil et procédé de distribution de quantités discrètes de matière visqueuse
JP2015505271A (ja) * 2011-10-27 2015-02-19 グラコ ミネソタ インコーポレーテッド 溶融装置
EP3199321A4 (fr) * 2014-09-25 2018-04-04 Century Innovation Corporation Récipient de fusion, dispositif d'injection utilisant celui-ci, moulage par injection et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci, et procédé de fabrication de matériau de jonction inter-éléments
EP4140598A1 (fr) * 2021-08-25 2023-03-01 HOLZ-HER GmbH Dispositif de fusion d'adhésif pour une machine à plaquer des chants
EP4140599A1 (fr) * 2021-08-25 2023-03-01 HOLZ-HER GmbH Dispositif de fusion d'adhésif pour une machine à plaquer des chants

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2158415A1 (fr) * 1971-11-02 1973-06-15 Nordson Corp
EP0061507A1 (fr) * 1981-03-27 1982-10-06 REICH Spezialmaschinen GmbH Dispositif de fusion et d'application pour une colle fusible
FR2510431A1 (fr) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-04 Nordson Corp Appareil et procede pour faire passer une matiere thermoplastique solide a l'etat fondu et pour distribuer cette matiere fondue
EP0107077A1 (fr) * 1982-09-30 1984-05-02 Nordson Corporation Dispositif pour fondre et distribuer du matériau thermoplastique
US4485942A (en) * 1981-09-14 1984-12-04 Nordson Corporation Apparatus for melting and dispensing thermoplastic material
DE3447662A1 (de) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-10 Hornberger Maschinenbaugesellschaft mbH & Co KG, 7294 Schopfloch Schmelzvorrichtung zum aufschmelzen von festem, vorzugsweise in granulatform vorliegendem schmelzkleber

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2158415A1 (fr) * 1971-11-02 1973-06-15 Nordson Corp
EP0061507A1 (fr) * 1981-03-27 1982-10-06 REICH Spezialmaschinen GmbH Dispositif de fusion et d'application pour une colle fusible
FR2510431A1 (fr) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-04 Nordson Corp Appareil et procede pour faire passer une matiere thermoplastique solide a l'etat fondu et pour distribuer cette matiere fondue
US4485942A (en) * 1981-09-14 1984-12-04 Nordson Corporation Apparatus for melting and dispensing thermoplastic material
EP0107077A1 (fr) * 1982-09-30 1984-05-02 Nordson Corporation Dispositif pour fondre et distribuer du matériau thermoplastique
DE3447662A1 (de) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-10 Hornberger Maschinenbaugesellschaft mbH & Co KG, 7294 Schopfloch Schmelzvorrichtung zum aufschmelzen von festem, vorzugsweise in granulatform vorliegendem schmelzkleber

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9213638U1 (de) * 1992-10-09 1993-01-14 Reinhard Düspohl Maschinenbau GmbH, 33334 Gütersloh Vorplastifiziergerät für PUR-Kleber in fester Blockform
EP2095885A3 (fr) * 2003-07-14 2013-05-15 Nordson Corporation Appareil et procédé de distribution de quantités discrètes de matière visqueuse
JP2015505271A (ja) * 2011-10-27 2015-02-19 グラコ ミネソタ インコーポレーテッド 溶融装置
EP2771126A4 (fr) * 2011-10-27 2015-07-01 Graco Minnesota Inc Dispositif de fusion
US9156053B2 (en) 2011-10-27 2015-10-13 Graco Minnesota Inc. Melter
EP3199321A4 (fr) * 2014-09-25 2018-04-04 Century Innovation Corporation Récipient de fusion, dispositif d'injection utilisant celui-ci, moulage par injection et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci, et procédé de fabrication de matériau de jonction inter-éléments
EP4140598A1 (fr) * 2021-08-25 2023-03-01 HOLZ-HER GmbH Dispositif de fusion d'adhésif pour une machine à plaquer des chants
EP4140599A1 (fr) * 2021-08-25 2023-03-01 HOLZ-HER GmbH Dispositif de fusion d'adhésif pour une machine à plaquer des chants

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