EP0340619A1 - Apparatus for making expanded sheet metal - Google Patents

Apparatus for making expanded sheet metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0340619A1
EP0340619A1 EP89107563A EP89107563A EP0340619A1 EP 0340619 A1 EP0340619 A1 EP 0340619A1 EP 89107563 A EP89107563 A EP 89107563A EP 89107563 A EP89107563 A EP 89107563A EP 0340619 A1 EP0340619 A1 EP 0340619A1
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Prior art keywords
cutting
film
roller
grooves
belt
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EP89107563A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0340619B1 (en
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Max Michael Dr. Späth
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • B21D31/04Expanding other than provided for in groups B21D1/00 - B21D28/00, e.g. for making expanded metal
    • B21D31/046Expanding other than provided for in groups B21D1/00 - B21D28/00, e.g. for making expanded metal making use of rotating cutters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/18Expanded metal making

Definitions

  • stretch material can be produced from all thin-layer materials such as plastic, paper, wood and metal with this device, the reworking of metal foils to the generally known expanded metal should be considered as an example below.
  • Expanded metal is to be understood as thin metal strips or metal foils, which are initially provided with a large number of interrupted incisions, in order to then be stretched, i.e. stretched, transversely to the longitudinal direction of these incisions, with the result that the metal strips previously lying between the incisions to be stretched to a latticework. If this latticework lies on the same plane as the metal foil in the initial state, this lattice is wider and shorter than the foil of the initial situation, based on the direction of the incisions in the foil as the longitudinal direction.
  • metal strips which form the webs of the lattice work, lie transversely to the plane of the lattice work, so that when the lattice work is viewed from above, the webs only appear in the thickness of the original metal foil.
  • the original longitudinal incisions are converted into mostly honeycomb-like or diamond-shaped cavities of the latticework during the forming into a latticework.
  • expanded metal is required for a wide variety of uses. If expanded metal is required, for example, as an explosion-preventing envelope for open flames, it is sufficient to produce it from metal foils that are only a few hundredths of a millimeter thick.
  • the expanded material can be used as a filter, packaging material, carrier layer in the building industry and many other things.
  • Sheets of up to several mm thick are made of a very stable expanded metal, which can be used, for example, as a tread in scaffolding, as a footrest or the like. Of course, many other uses are also conceivable, for example as sieves, paring knives and others.
  • Machines for producing such expanded metals are therefore necessary which first make a large number of defined incisions in thin metals, i.e. metal foils, all of which have the same longitudinal direction, and then pull these metal foils apart transversely to the longitudinal direction of the incisions, which makes this metal wider, but also becomes shorter and takes the form of a honeycomb grid.
  • Both rollers are cylindrical in shape and have a plurality of annular grooves in their lateral surfaces, between which annular webs also remain.
  • these webs act as cutting webs which, when they run into the grooves of the pressure roller, cause a section-wise shearing (incisions) of the metal foil in between between the edge of the cutting webs of the cutting roller and the edge of the webs of the pressure roller.
  • a section-wise shearing (incisions) of the metal foil in between between the edge of the cutting webs of the cutting roller and the edge of the webs of the pressure roller.
  • the cutting edges must be interrupted at the cutting bars of the cutting roller, so that when the cutting bars run into the grooves of the pressure roller, only individual sections of the cutting edges slide very close to the edges of the bars of the pressure roller and thus shear off the metal foil.
  • the metal foil is pressed into the grooves of the drive roller by the webs of the cutting roller, so that there is no shearing of the metal foil in this area.
  • this obstacle was immovable, it was usually a nose-shaped contact surface. In this case, however, since there was friction between the metal foil and this contact surface, the metal strip was often deformed or torn off, or there was no stretching at all, since the material tore out of the lateral guide.
  • These cutting edges must be interrupted in order not to produce a continuous cut in the longitudinal direction in the metal foil, but rather a large number of individual, interrupted cuts.
  • recesses are machined into the flanks of the cutting webs, which protrude into the area of the outer surface of the cutting roller, that is to say the peripheral surface of the cutting web, and thus form a recess in this peripheral surface which interrupts the cutting edge.
  • cutting rollers are not manufactured from a one-piece cylinder, but by lining up thin disks with alternately smaller and larger diameters on a common shaft, which is concentric to the axis of rotation of the cutting roller, so that the individual disks each have the cutting webs or the Form the bottom of the grooves in between.
  • the mentioned recesses in the flanks of the cutting webs are usually produced by creating recesses in the flanks of the disks forming the cutting webs by means of a milling cutter which has a shape such that the cutout caused in the peripheral surface of the cutting web has a rectangular cross-section.
  • the recesses are produced by eroding. Therefore, there was always damage to the metal foil or even wrapping around the cutting roller or the pressure roller. against this, brushes, baffles and other aids for removing the cut metal strip from the cutting unit were mostly ineffective.
  • the recesses in the flanks of the cutting webs were designed differently for this reason, in such a way that their cross section, that is to say the cutout visible in the peripheral surface of the cutting web, does not have a rectangular but a trapezoidal cross section, the base of the trapezoid being on the solid cutting edge.
  • the cut metal strip no longer gets caught or jammed in the cutting roller, an inclination of the trapezoidal sides of the recess relative to the base of the trapezoid of 40-75 °, in particular 45 °, having proven to be the most favorable.
  • the present invention also relates to improvements to the stretching unit, by means of which the cut, band-shaped material, which could not necessarily be metal but, for example, also plastic film, is to be stretched transversely to the longitudinal direction of the incisions, thereby automatically reducing the length in Longitudinal direction of the tape or the incisions occurs.
  • the cut metal strip is held at its edges and transported further, while it runs in the middle on a baffle body pointing upwards at an acute angle with respect to the plane of the cut metal strip, the following improvements have proven to be advantageous:
  • a circumferential, essentially one-piece band is selected, which preferably has a round cross section.
  • This band is preferably made of a material which has a relatively high friction compared to the material of the cut band, so that in the event that this circulating band has a higher speed than the run-up speed of the metal band, the metal band in the central region of this circumferential belt because of the good Adhesion between the metal band and belt is even pulled up.
  • the aim should be that the speed of the belt matches the run-up speed of the film, which is the best way to avoid warping and damage to the film.
  • toothed belts are used instead of such conveyor chains, in which at least the surface consists of rubber or rubber-like, relatively elastic material, and wherein the teeth of the toothed belt are directed outwards, so that the film at the edges in each case between the lower run of the one the toothed belt running above and the upper run of the toothed belt running underneath are held and transported further, these running parallel over a certain distance in order to enable the teeth and tooth gaps of the two belts to mesh with one another.
  • fabric timing belts made from a plastic-textile mixture have proven to be advantageous.
  • a tooth shape of this kind must be selected for the toothed belt in which the shape of the teeth corresponds as closely as possible to that of the tooth gaps.
  • the toothed belt is sufficiently tensioned or also by mechanical support, for example by means of support devices over which the gripping debris of the toothed belt runs To strive for sufficient pressure between the two belts so that the holding force of the film is sufficiently large.
  • the shortening of the film in the longitudinal direction can be compensated in this way, so that at the outlet of the stretching unit, i.e. at the end of the intermeshing toothed belt, due to the shortening of the film in longitudinal Direction just such a speed of the finished expanded metal is given, as it corresponds to the speed of the toothed belt and thus the speed of discharge from the stretching unit.
  • the speeds of these holding and conveying means logically coincide with that of the material to be processed either at the inlet or at the outlet of the stretching unit, or at any point in between, a reduction of the device inherent in the device The speed of the strip-like material to be processed is not given.
  • FIG. 1 shows, arranged one behind the other, a cutting unit 2 and a stretching unit 3, whereby it is indicated that these two units must be arranged one behind the other with continuous passage of the film 1, but not immediately one behind the other, since in between further devices, for example counter, control devices, Alignment and deflection device can be interposed.
  • Both the cutting unit 2 and the stretching unit 3 can be mounted on a uniform base frame, as indicated by the number 6, or at different locations and different base frames, depending on the requirements of the production process.
  • the cutting unit 2 consists of horizontally one above the other pressure roller 5 and cutting roller 4, which interlock and provide the film 1 passing therebetween with a large number of individual cuts 7 arranged in the longitudinal direction.
  • Cutting roller 4 and pressure roller 5 are supported on both sides in bearing blocks 19 which are mounted on the base frame 6 and are driven by drive units (not shown), for example electric motors.
  • the pressure roller 5 is located above the cutting roller 4, but the arrangement could just as well be reversed.
  • the outer surface of the cylindrical cutting roller 4 has a variety of substantially annular grooves 8, between which the likewise substantially annular cutting webs 10 tower.
  • the peripheral surfaces 14 of these cutting webs 10 have an approximately zigzag structure in their development, as can be seen better in FIG. 2.
  • the cutting edges 11 are interrupted, which would have a continuous ring shape without the cutouts 13, as a result of which it is only possible to produce individual, interrupted cuts 7 in the longitudinal transport direction 38 of the band-shaped film 1.
  • only one cutting edge 11 of each cutting web 10 is interrupted by cutouts 13.
  • the cutting webs 10 are so wide that they fit exactly into the grooves 18, which are also annular in the lateral surface 9 of the pressure roller 5, so that during operation of the cutting unit 2, the cutting webs 10 of the cutting roller 4 partially protrude into the grooves 18 of the pressure roller 5 and also the ridges projecting between the grooves 18 of the pressure roller 5 into the grooves 8 of the cutting roller.
  • the cutting roller 4 and the pressure roller 5 rotate together and the band-shaped, metallic foil 1 passes between these two rollers, the foil 1 is sheared between the cutting edges 11 of the cutting roller and the edges of the webs of the pressure roller acting against it.
  • the film 1 thus provided with a large number of individual cuts 7 arranged in the longitudinal direction 38 and offset from one another runs either immediately afterwards or after interposition of further units for stretching transversely to the longitudinal direction 38 into the stretching unit 3.
  • This consists of two toothed belts 30 running into each other in the region of the edges 34 of the film 1.
  • One of the toothed belts 30 is arranged above or below the film 1 and guided over at least two rollers 31 so that the lower run the upper toothed belt 30 and the upper run of the lower toothed belt 30 each run parallel to the film 1 and parallel to the other toothed belt 30.
  • the toothing of the timing belt 30 is selected so that the size of the teeth 32 corresponds to that of the tooth spaces 33, the lower run of the upper toothed belt 30 and the upper run of the lower toothed belt 30 engage because of a corresponding choice of the distance from the respective upper to the lower roll 31 due to their outwardly facing teeth 32. It is ensured by sufficient tension of the timing belt 30 by the rollers 31 that there is a sufficiently high contact pressure of the two toothed belts 30 along the entire length of the intermeshing to hold the edges 34 of the film 1 between them and not only in the longitudinal transport direction 38 transport but also to cause sufficient hold transversely to the longitudinal transport direction 38 for the intended extension in this direction.
  • This stretching is accomplished in that, when the stretching unit 3 is viewed in a top view.
  • a belt 35 revolves over at least two rollers 31, the circumferential plane 36 of which runs approximately in the longitudinal direction 38 of the film 1, but perpendicular to the plane of the film 1.
  • the upper run 39 of this belt 35 runs obliquely upwards from below the plane of the film 1, so that it forms an acute angle 40 with the longitudinal transport direction 38, which preferably increases the slope of the upper run 39 from the plane of the film 1 from 1: 2 to 1: 4, preferably 1: 3, corresponds.
  • the rollers 31, by means of which this belt 35 is tensioned.
  • this belt 35 is also driven by drive units, preferably electric motors, in such a way that the upper run 39 of the belt 35 moves obliquely upward to the right, that is to say with the running direction of the film 1.
  • the film 1 is grasped at its edges 34 by the pairs of toothed belts 30 and conveyed further in the longitudinal direction 38, the film 1 stretches transversely to the upper run 39 of the belt 35 due to the run-up of the film 1 Longitudinal transport direction, with increasing increase of the upper run 39 of the belt 35, which preferably has a round cross section with a diameter of the order of 25 mm.
  • the speed of the belt 35 should at least correspond to that of the toothed belt 30 and plastic or rubber should be selected as the material for the belt 35 in order to ensure sufficient friction and thus entrainment between the belt 35 and to ensure the material of the film 1 to be cut.
  • toothed belt 30 When choosing the toothed belt 30, it is advisable to note that not only was a tooth profile selected such that a fitting of teeth 32 and tooth spaces 33 of the associated toothed belt 30 is ensured, but the hardness of the toothed belt material must also be carefully selected in order to to ensure a sufficient holding force against the film 1.
  • the most advantageous choice here has been the choice of rubber timing belts with a hardness of around 60 shore.
  • the illustrated device for producing expanded material can be used, e.g. Cut and stretch aluminum foils from 3/100 to 12/100 thick.
  • the rotational speed of the toothed belt 30 and the belt 35 must be matched to the rotational speed of the cutting roller 4 and pressure roller 5. Due to the folding of the film 1 around the teeth of the toothed belt 30, the speed of rotation of the toothed belt 30 is lower than the speed of the incoming cut film 1, but the extent of the reduction in the distance and height of the teeth 32 of the toothed belt 30 depends.
  • the film 1 is only drawn in as far as the beginning of the stretching unit 3 in order not to hinder the representation of the other parts of the device.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 contain detailed representations of the cutting roller 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows a developed representation of the lateral surface 9 of the cutting roller 4, that is to say more precisely the peripheral surface 14 of the cutting webs 10 of the cutting roller 4, as they are between the annular and concentric to the axis of rotation of the cutting roller 4 Arranged grooves 8 remain, which preferably have a rectangular cross section, as can best be seen in FIG.
  • These cutting webs 10 each have two flanks 15, which, by means of the peripheral surfaces 14 of the cutting webs 10, form the annular cutting edges 11, which work together with the flanks of the grooves 18 of the pressure roller 5 shear off the material to be cut, ie the film 1.
  • the cutting roller 4 and the pressure roller 5 must be assigned so close that the grooves 8 and 18 and the webs between the two rollers interpose.
  • cutting roller 4 and pressure roller 5 are shown spatially separated from one another in FIG. 3 in order to facilitate the description and representation of the individual surfaces and edges.
  • the recesses 13 of the circumferential surfaces 14 of the cutting roller 1 which can be seen in FIG. 2 result from the recesses 12 which can be seen in FIG. 3, as are provided in the flanks 15 of the cutting webs 10. These also protrude into the peripheral surface 14 of the cutting webs 10 and thus result in the cutouts 13.
  • the shape of the recesses 12 shown in FIG. 3 is preferably obtained when the cutting roller 4, as shown in FIG. 3, consists of individual disks of alternately larger and smaller diameters, which are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction to form the cutting roller 4.
  • said recesses 12 are made in the flanks 15 of the disks, which later form the cutting webs 10, by means of a disk milling cutter, so that the arcuate outlet of the recesses 12 results in the lower region of the flanks 15.
  • these recesses 12 can also be produced in other ways, which then mainly requires is necessary if the cutting roller 4 is not constructed from individual disks but is made from a one-piece, cylindrical part.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the lines AA of FIGS. 1 and 2, that the grooves 18 of the pressure roller 5 are partially filled with rubber 17, which during the cutting of the film 1 by action by the cutting webs 10 is pressed together, but then, due to its expansion into the original state, the film 1 partially lying in the groove 18 is pressed out of it.
  • these recesses 12 are so designed that its cross section and thus the recess 13 in the peripheral surface 14 of the cutting webs 10 is trapezoidal, the base of the trapezoid lying on the line of the solid cutting edges 11.
  • the sides 41 of this trapezoid of the recess 13 are preferably at the same angle 43, preferably 40 ° to 75 °, in particular 45 °, with respect to the base 42 of the trapezoid, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the film 1 runs out of the cutting unit so easily and without cracks that both the elastic inserts in the grooves 8 of the cutting roller 4 and the wiping brushes used at the outlet from the cutting unit and other guiding devices as well as the rubber inserts the cutting rollers can only be used as further optimizations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP89/00460 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 28, 1990 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 28, 1990 PCT Filed Apr. 26, 1989 PCT Pub. No. WO89/10219 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 2, 1989.A device is disclosed for producing expanded material using cutting rollers of special design, in which the individual annular cutting rings on the cutting rollers are provided with notches in their lateral surfaces, and when the cutting roller is viewed from above, these notches are seen to be trapezoidal in shape. The invention relates furthermore to the special configuration of the stretching system, wherein the strip-shaped non-stretched material passing through is gripped laterally by two toothed belts while at the same time the material to be stretched runs up, in its center section, on a recirculating element, such as a rounde-section belt running at an appropriate speed. This belt rises far enough out of the plane of the toothed belts that the desired transverse stretching of the material is achieved. By "expanded material" is meant a foil-like material, usually metal, in which a large number of parallel-oriented incisions are made, so that this material can then be pulled apart transversely to the direction of the incisions; as a result, the material is shortened in the longitudinal direction and the webs of material left between the incisions create a more or less three-dimensional lattice.

Description

Obwohl Streckmaterial mit dieser Vorrichtung aus allen dünn­schichtigen Materialien, wie Kunststoff, Papier, Holz und Metall hergestellt werden kann, soll im folgenden beispielhaft die Umarbeitung von Metallfolien zu dem allgemein bekannten Streckmetall betrachtet werden.Although stretch material can be produced from all thin-layer materials such as plastic, paper, wood and metal with this device, the reworking of metal foils to the generally known expanded metal should be considered as an example below.

Unter Streckmetall sind dünne Metallbänder bzw. Metallfolien zu verstehen, die zunächst mit einer Vielzahl von unter­brochenen Einschnitten versehen werden, um anschließend quer zur Längsrichtung dieser Einschnitte gestreckt, also gedehnt, zu werden, was zur Folge hat, daß die vorher zwischen den Ein­schnitten liegenden Metallstreifen zu einem Gitterwerk ge­streckt werden. Liegt dieses Gitterwerk in der gleichen Ebene wie die Metallfolie zuvor im Ausgangszustand, so ist dieses Gitter breiter und kürzer als die Folie der Ausgangssituation, bezogen auf die Richtung der Einschnitte in der Folie als Längsrichtung. Ferner liegen Metallstreifen, die die Stege des Gitterwerkes bilden, quer zur Ebene des Gitterwerkes, so daß bei Aufsicht auf das Gitterwerk die Stege jeweils nur in der Dicke der ursprünglichen Metallfolie erscheinen. Die ursprünglichen Längseinschnitte werden bei der Umformung in ein Gitterwerk in meist wabenartige oder rautenförmige Hohlräume des Gitterwerkes umgewandelt.Expanded metal is to be understood as thin metal strips or metal foils, which are initially provided with a large number of interrupted incisions, in order to then be stretched, i.e. stretched, transversely to the longitudinal direction of these incisions, with the result that the metal strips previously lying between the incisions to be stretched to a latticework. If this latticework lies on the same plane as the metal foil in the initial state, this lattice is wider and shorter than the foil of the initial situation, based on the direction of the incisions in the foil as the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, metal strips, which form the webs of the lattice work, lie transversely to the plane of the lattice work, so that when the lattice work is viewed from above, the webs only appear in the thickness of the original metal foil. The original longitudinal incisions are converted into mostly honeycomb-like or diamond-shaped cavities of the latticework during the forming into a latticework.

Derartiges Streckmetall wird für die unterschiedlichsten Ein­satzzwecke benötigt. Wird Streckmetall beispielsweise als explosionsverhindernde Hülle von offenen Flammen benötigt, so ist die Herstellung aus Metallfolien ausreichen, die nur wenige Hundertstel mm dick sind. Bei Verwendung nichtmetallischen Grundmaterials kann das Streckmaterial als Filter, Verpackungs­material, Trägerschicht im Bauwesen und vieles andere verwendet werden. Andererseits kann auf die selbe Art und Weise aus Blechen von bis zu mehreren mm Dicke ein sehr stabiles Streckmetall hergestellt werden, welches beispielsweise als Lauffläche im Gerüstbau, als Fußabtritt oder dergl. Verwendung finden kann. Selbstverständlich sind auch viele weitere Verwendungen, beispielsweise als Siebe, Schälmesser und anderes denkbar.Such expanded metal is required for a wide variety of uses. If expanded metal is required, for example, as an explosion-preventing envelope for open flames, it is sufficient to produce it from metal foils that are only a few hundredths of a millimeter thick. When using non-metallic base material, the expanded material can be used as a filter, packaging material, carrier layer in the building industry and many other things. On the other hand, it can look the same way Sheets of up to several mm thick are made of a very stable expanded metal, which can be used, for example, as a tread in scaffolding, as a footrest or the like. Of course, many other uses are also conceivable, for example as sieves, paring knives and others.

Zur Herstellung solcher Streckmetalle sind daher Maschinen notwendig, die zunächst in dünne Metalle, also Metallfolien, eine Vielzahl von definierten Einschnitten einbringen, die alle die gleiche Längsrichtung aufweisen, und anschließend diese Metallfolien quer zur Längsrichtung der Einschnitte auseinander­ziehen, wodurch dieses Metall breiter, jedoch auch kürzer wird und die Gestalt eines wabenartigen Gitters annimmt.Machines for producing such expanded metals are therefore necessary which first make a large number of defined incisions in thin metals, i.e. metal foils, all of which have the same longitudinal direction, and then pull these metal foils apart transversely to the longitudinal direction of the incisions, which makes this metal wider, but also becomes shorter and takes the form of a honeycomb grid.

Da kontinuierliche Herstellungsverfahren meist wirtschaftlicher sind als diskontinuierlich ablaufende Verfahren, wurde bereits sehr früh dazu übergegangen, als Metallfolien sehr lange, auf Spulen aufgewickelte Metallbänder zu verwenden, die beim Durch­laufen zwischen einer Schneidwalze und einer Anpresswalze mit den notwendigen Einschnitten versehen wurden.Since continuous manufacturing processes are usually more economical than discontinuous processes, it was adopted very early on to use very long metal strips wound on spools as metal foils, which were provided with the necessary incisions when they passed between a cutting roller and a pressure roller.

Verlaufen diese Einschnitte in Längsrichtung des Metallbandes, so erfolgt die anschließende Streckung in Querrichtung des Bandes, jedoch können die Einschnitte auch quer zur Längsrichtung des Bandes liegen, so daß eine Streckung in Längsrichtung des Bandes zu erfolgen hat. Selbstverständlich ist auch eine Mischform denkbar, bei der die Einschnitte schräg zur Längsrichtung des Folienbandes verlaufen würden. Für die folgenden Erläuterungen wird von längs, also parallel zur Längsachse des Bandes verlaufen­den Schnitten,ausgegangen.If these incisions run in the longitudinal direction of the metal strip, the subsequent stretching takes place in the transverse direction of the strip, but the cuts can also lie transversely to the longitudinal direction of the strip, so that stretching must take place in the longitudinal direction of the strip. Of course, a mixed form is also conceivable, in which the incisions would run obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the film strip. For the following explanations it is assumed that the cuts are longitudinal, that is to say parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strip.

Dabei haben beide Walzen jeweils zylindrische Form und weisen in ihren Mantelflächen eine Vielzahl von ringförmigen Nuten auf, zwischen denen ebenfalls ringförmige Stege stehenbleiben. Bei der Schneidwalze wirken diese Stege als Schneidstege, die beim Hineinlaufen in die Nuten der Anpresswalze ein abschnittweises Abscheren (Einschnitte) der dazwischenliegenden Metallfolie zwischen der Kante der Schneidstege der Schneidwalze und der Kante der Stege der Anpresswalze bewirken. Auf diese Weise wird bei Schneidstegen mit durchgehend rechteckigem Querschnitt, also geraden Schneidkanten, aus dem ursprünglichen Metallband eine Reihe von parallelen, schmalen Metallstreifen entstehen, die keine Verbindung untereinander aufweisen. Um dies zu vermeiden, müssen die Schneidkanten an den Schneidstegen der Schneidwalze unterbrochen sein, so daß beim Hineinlaufen der Schneidstege in die Nuten der Anpresswalze nur einzelne Abschnitte der Schneidkanten sehr nahe an den Kanten der Stege der Anpresswalze entlanggleiten und damit die Metall­folie abscheren. In den dazwischenliegenden Bereichen der Stege der Schneidwalze muß die Möglichkeit bestehen, daß die Metallfolie von den Stegen der Schneidwalze in die Nuten der Antriebswalze hineingedrückt werden, so daß es in diesem Bereich zu keinem Abscheren der Metallfolie kommt.Both rollers are cylindrical in shape and have a plurality of annular grooves in their lateral surfaces, between which annular webs also remain. In the cutting roller, these webs act as cutting webs which, when they run into the grooves of the pressure roller, cause a section-wise shearing (incisions) of the metal foil in between between the edge of the cutting webs of the cutting roller and the edge of the webs of the pressure roller. To this In the case of cutting bars with a continuously rectangular cross section, that is to say straight cutting edges, a series of parallel, narrow metal strips, which have no connection to one another, will result from the original metal strip. To avoid this, the cutting edges must be interrupted at the cutting bars of the cutting roller, so that when the cutting bars run into the grooves of the pressure roller, only individual sections of the cutting edges slide very close to the edges of the bars of the pressure roller and thus shear off the metal foil. In the intermediate areas of the webs of the cutting roller, there must be the possibility that the metal foil is pressed into the grooves of the drive roller by the webs of the cutting roller, so that there is no shearing of the metal foil in this area.

Laufen bei einer Weiterdrehung von Schneid- und Anpresswalze Stege und Nuten der beiden Walzen wieder auseinander, so darf sich die geschnittene Metallfolie nicht in den Nuten der Anpresswalze festklemmen, sondern muß problemlos aus diesen herauslaufen, ohne ein zusätzliches Abreißen der Stege der geschnittenen Metallfolie.If webs and grooves of the two rollers diverge when the cutting and pressure roller rotates further, the cut metal foil must not become stuck in the grooves of the pressure roller, but must run out of it without additional tearing of the webs of the cut metal foil.

Dies wurde in der Vergangenheit durch die Anordnung von Leitbürsten und ähnlichen Vorrichtungen am Auslauf der Metallfolie zwischen Schneidwalze und Anpresswalze versucht, gelang jedoch meist nicht optimal, da sich die Metallstege oft in den rechteckigen Aussparungen der Schneidstege der Schneidwalzen verhakten, welche zur Unterbrechung des Schneid­vorganges in den Schneidstegen vorhanden sein mußten.In the past, this was attempted by arranging guide brushes and similar devices at the outlet of the metal foil between the cutting roller and the pressing roller, but was mostly unsuccessful, since the metal webs often get caught in the rectangular recesses of the cutting webs of the cutting rollers, which interrupt the cutting process in the cutting bars must be available.

Nach dem kontinuierlichen Schneiden der Metallfolien war es nun auch notwendig, das Strecken der geschnittenen Metallfolie in Querrichtung sowie das dadurch bedingte Verkürzen in Längs­richtung kontinuierlich durchzuführen. Hierzu wurde versucht, das aus der Schneideinheit herauslaufende Folienband an seinen Rändern zu erfassen und weiter zu transportieren und dadurch eine Dehnung in Querrichtung zu erzielen, daß sich entweder diese Greifvorrichtungen nicht parallel sondern auseinander bewegten oder daß zwischen den an den Rändern der Folie an­geordneten Greifvorrichtungen aus der Ebene der Metallfolie ein bewegliches oder unbewegliches Hindernis nach oben schräg herausragte, auf welches beim Längstransport der Metallfolie diese auflaufen mußte, so daß keine gerade und kurze Querverbindung zwischen den Rändern der Metallfolie mehr vorhanden war und auf diese Weise bzw. durch Kombination beider Möglichkeiten eine Dehnung quer zur Längsrichtung der Metallfolie erzielt wurde. Falls dieses Hindernis un­beweglich war, so handelte es sich meist um eine nasen­förmige Auflauffläche. Da in diesem Fall jedoch eine Reibung zwischen der Metallfolie und dieser Auflauffläche stattfand, ergab sich folglich auch des öfteren eine Deformierung bzw. ein Abreißen des Metallbandes, oder es erfolgte gar keine Streckung, da das Material aus der seitlichen Führung aus­riß.After the continuous cutting of the metal foils, it was now necessary to continuously stretch the cut metal foil in the transverse direction and shorten it in the longitudinal direction. For this purpose, attempts have been made to grasp the film strip running out of the cutting unit at its edges and to transport it further, thereby achieving an elongation in the transverse direction that either these gripping devices are not parallel but apart moved or that between the gripping devices arranged on the edges of the foil a movable or immovable obstacle protruded upward from the plane of the metal foil, onto which the metal foil had to run during longitudinal transport, so that there was no longer a straight and short cross-connection between the edges of the metal foil was present and in this way, or by combining both options, an elongation was achieved transversely to the longitudinal direction of the metal foil. If this obstacle was immovable, it was usually a nose-shaped contact surface. In this case, however, since there was friction between the metal foil and this contact surface, the metal strip was often deformed or torn off, or there was no stretching at all, since the material tore out of the lateral guide.

Darüber hinaus konnte auch das randseitige Ergreifen der Metallfolie bisher nicht zufriedenstellend gelöst werden, da z.B. der Randbereich des Folienbandes abreißt oder aber aus der seitlichen Halterung durch die Ketten herausgleitet. Hierfür wurden bisher an jedem Rand der Metallfolie zwei ober­halb und unterhalb der Metallfolie angeordnete Reinolds-Förder­ketten verwendet, welche im Bereich der Metallfolie eng aneinanderliegend diese ergreifen und in Längsrichtung weiter transportieren.In addition, the grip on the edge of the metal foil has not yet been satisfactorily solved, since e.g. the edge area of the film strip tears off or slides out of the side bracket through the chains. For this purpose, two Reinolds conveyor chains arranged above and below the metal foil have been used on each edge of the metal foil so far, which in the area of the metal foil grip these closely and transport them further in the longitudinal direction.

Abgesehen davon, daß solche Reinolds-Förderketten relativ teuer sind, war durch den erheblichen Verschleiß dieser Ketten auch eine häufige Unterbrechung des Betriebes der Streckeinheit zum Auswechseln der Ketten notwendig,und des weiteren war dennoch häufig das Festhalten der Metall­folie nicht zufriedenstellend erfolgt, da die Metallfolie entweder durch die Reinolds-Förderketten beschädigt wurden oder die Halterung zwischen diesen Ketten nicht fest genug war, um eine Streckung in Querrichtung zu ermöglichen, da die Metallfolie einfach zwischen den beiden Ketten herausge­ zogen wurde.Apart from the fact that such Reinolds conveyor chains are relatively expensive, the considerable wear of these chains also meant that the stretching unit had to be interrupted frequently to replace the chains, and furthermore the metal foil was often not held in place satisfactorily since the metal foil either damaged by the Reinolds conveyor chains or the bracket between these chains was not strong enough to allow transverse stretching because the metal foil simply pulled out between the two chains was pulled.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Streckmaterial zur Verfügung zu stellen, die problemlos und zufriedenstellend arbeitet, insbesondere die genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet.It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a device for producing expanded material which works without problems and satisfactorily, in particular avoids the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch Verbesserungen an der Schneidein­heit ebenso wie durch Verbesserungen an der Streckeinheit gelöst.This object is achieved by improvements to the cutting unit as well as by improvements to the stretching unit.

Die Unterbrechung der Schnitte in der Metallfolie, die durch die Schneidkanten der Schneidstege der Schneidwalze erzeugt werden, geschieht ja üblicherweise dadurch, daß in die Mantelfläche der Schneidwalze nicht nur eine Vielzahl von ringförmigen Nuten mit im wesentlichen rechteckigem Quer­schnitt eingebracht werden, sondern dadurch, daß die zwischen diesen Nuten bestehend bleibenden Schneidstege jeweils zwei Flanken aufweisen, die mit der Mantelfläche der Schneidwalze die beiden Schneidkanten jedes Schneidsteges bilden. Diese Schneidkanten müssen unterbrochen werden, um keinen durch­gehenden Schnitt in Längsrichtung in der Metallfolie zu er­zeugen, sondern eine Vielzahl von einzelnen, unterbrochenen Schnitten. Zu diesem Zweck werden in die Flanken der Schneid­stege jeweils Ausnehmungen eingearbeitet, die bis in den Be­reich der Mantelfläche der Schneidwalze , also die Umfangs­fläche des Schneidsteges hineinragen und somit in dieser Umfangsfläche eine Aussparung bilden, welche die Schneid­kante unterbricht.The interruption of the cuts in the metal foil, which are produced by the cutting edges of the cutting webs of the cutting roller, usually occurs in that not only a plurality of annular grooves with an essentially rectangular cross section are introduced into the outer surface of the cutting roller, but in that the between these grooves permanent cutting bars each have two flanks which form the two cutting edges of each cutting bar with the lateral surface of the cutting roller. These cutting edges must be interrupted in order not to produce a continuous cut in the longitudinal direction in the metal foil, but rather a large number of individual, interrupted cuts. For this purpose, recesses are machined into the flanks of the cutting webs, which protrude into the area of the outer surface of the cutting roller, that is to say the peripheral surface of the cutting web, and thus form a recess in this peripheral surface which interrupts the cutting edge.

Üblicherweise werden Schneidwalzen nicht aus einem ein­stückigen Zylinder hergestellt, sondern durch Aneinander­reihung von dünnen Scheiben mit abwechselnd kleinerem und größerem Durchmesser auf einer gemeinsamen Welle, welche konzentrisch zur Drehachse der Schneidwalze liegt, so daß die einzelnen Scheiben jeweils die Schneidstege bzw. den Grund der dazwischenliegenden Nuten bilden. Die angesprochenen Ausnehmungen in den Flanken der Schneidstege werden meist dadurch erzeugt, daß in den Flanken der die Schneidstege bildenden Scheiben mittels eines Fräsers Ausnehmungen erzeugt werden, welcher eine solche Form aufweist, daß die in der Umfangs­fläche des Schneidsteges bewirkte Aussparung rechtwinkligen Querschnitt aufweist. Bei einstückig ausgebildeten Schneid­walzen werden die Ausnehmungen durch Erodieren erzeugt. Daher gab es hierbei immer wieder Beschädigungen der Metallfolie oder gar ein Umwickeln der Schneidwalze oder auch der Anpresswalze. Hiergegen blieben auch Bürsten, Leitbleche und andere Hilfs­mittel zur Abnahme des geschnittenen Metallbandes aus der Schneideinheit meist wirkungslos.Usually, cutting rollers are not manufactured from a one-piece cylinder, but by lining up thin disks with alternately smaller and larger diameters on a common shaft, which is concentric to the axis of rotation of the cutting roller, so that the individual disks each have the cutting webs or the Form the bottom of the grooves in between. The mentioned recesses in the flanks of the cutting webs are usually produced by creating recesses in the flanks of the disks forming the cutting webs by means of a milling cutter which has a shape such that the cutout caused in the peripheral surface of the cutting web has a rectangular cross-section. With one-piece cutting rollers, the recesses are produced by eroding. Therefore, there was always damage to the metal foil or even wrapping around the cutting roller or the pressure roller. Against this, brushes, baffles and other aids for removing the cut metal strip from the cutting unit were mostly ineffective.

Beim Gegenstand der Erfindung wurden die Ausnehmungen in den Flanken der Schneidstege aus diesem Grunde anders ge­staltet, und zwar so, daß deren Querschnitt,also die in der Umfangsfläche des Schneidsteges sichtbare Aussparung nicht einen rechteckigen sondern einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt aufweist, wobei die Basis des Trapezes auf der durchgezogenen Schneidkante liegt. Mit einer solchen Form der Aussparung tritt ein Verhaken bzw. Festklemmen des geschnittenen Metall­bandes in der Schneidwalze nicht mehr auf, wobei sich eine Neigung der Trapezseiten der Aussparung gegenüber der Basis des Trapezes von 40 - 75°, insbesondere 45° als am günstigsten er­wiesen hat. Der Auslauf der geschnittenen Metallfolie aus einer solcher­art gestalteten Schneidwalze, egal ob diese aus einzelnen, Schneidstege und Böden der Nuten bildenden Scheiben bestand oder einstückig hergestellt war, gestaltet sich problem­los. Unterstützend werden im Bereich der Schneideinheit noch Führungsorgane installiert, z.B. parallel dicht über und unter der Folie in Längsrichtung gespannte Drähte, die also in den Nuten von Schneid- und Anpresswalze waagrecht durchlaufen.In the subject matter of the invention, the recesses in the flanks of the cutting webs were designed differently for this reason, in such a way that their cross section, that is to say the cutout visible in the peripheral surface of the cutting web, does not have a rectangular but a trapezoidal cross section, the base of the trapezoid being on the solid cutting edge. With such a shape of the recess, the cut metal strip no longer gets caught or jammed in the cutting roller, an inclination of the trapezoidal sides of the recess relative to the base of the trapezoid of 40-75 °, in particular 45 °, having proven to be the most favorable. The discharge of the cut metal foil from a cutting roller designed in this way, regardless of whether it consisted of individual disks forming cutting webs and bottoms of the grooves or was produced in one piece, is problem-free. To support this, guide elements are installed in the area of the cutting unit, for example wires stretched in the longitudinal direction just above and below the film, which thus run horizontally in the grooves of the cutting and pressing roller.

Ebenso war ein Auskleiden der Nuten der Schneidwalze und evtl. der Anpresswalze bis zu einer gewissen Höhe mit elastischem Material wie etwa Gummi, welches nach dem Schnitt die Metallfolie aus den Nuten herausdrücken sollte, nur ergänzend vorteilhaft.Likewise, lining the grooves of the cutting roller and possibly the pressure roller up to a certain height with elastic material such as rubber, which should press the metal foil out of the grooves after the cut, was only additionally advantageous.

Dagegen erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, die Nuten der Anpress­walze teilweise mit einem solchen elastischem Material zu füllen, da auf diese Weise die Verhaftung der geschnittenen Folie sogar in den Nuten der Antriebswalze vermeiden werden kann,obwohl die Verhaftung noch wesentlich geringer ist als in den Nuten einer Schneidwalze nach dem Stand der Technik.On the other hand, it proves to be advantageous to partially fill the grooves of the pressure roller with such an elastic material, since in this way it is possible to prevent the cut film from sticking even in the grooves of the drive roller, although the adhesion is still considerably less than in the grooves a cutting roller according to the prior art.

Des weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung auch Ver­besserungen an der Streckeinheit, mittels welcher das ge­schnittene, bandförmige Material, bei dem es sich nicht un­bedingt um Metall sondern beispielsweise auch um Kunststoff­folie handeln könnte, quer zur Längsrichtung der Einschnitte gedehnt werden soll,wodurch automatisch eine Verkürzung in Längsrichtung des Ban­des bzw. der Einschnitte eintritt. Gegenüber dem Stand der Technik, bei dem das geschnittene Metallband an seinen Rändern gehalten und weiter­transportiert wird, während es in der Mitte auf einen gegenüber der Ebene des geschnittenen Metallbandes unter einem spitzen Winkel nach oben gerichteten Auflaufkörper läuft, haben sich folgende Verbesserungen als vorteilhaft erwiesen:Furthermore, the present invention also relates to improvements to the stretching unit, by means of which the cut, band-shaped material, which could not necessarily be metal but, for example, also plastic film, is to be stretched transversely to the longitudinal direction of the incisions, thereby automatically reducing the length in Longitudinal direction of the tape or the incisions occurs. Compared to the prior art, in which the cut metal strip is held at its edges and transported further, while it runs in the middle on a baffle body pointing upwards at an acute angle with respect to the plane of the cut metal strip, the following improvements have proven to be advantageous:

Zunächst wird anstelle eines Auflaufkörpers ein umlaufendes, im wesentlichen einstückiges Band gewählt, welches vorzugsweise einen runden Querschnitt aufweist. Dieses Band besteht vorzugsweise aus einem Material, welches gegenüber dem Material des geschnitte­nen Bandes eine relativ hohe Reibung aufweist, so daß für den Fall, daß dieses umlaufende Band eine höhere Geschwindigkeit besitzt als die Auflaufgeschwindigkeit des Metallbandes, das Metallband im mittleren Bereich von diesem umlaufenden Riemen aufgrund der guten Haftung zwischen Metallband und Riemen sogar nach oben gezo­gen wird. Jedoch sollte in aller Regel angestrebt werden, daß die Geschwindigkeit des Riemens mit der Auflaufgeschwindig­keit der Folie übereinstimmt, wodurch am besten Verzug und Beschädigung der Folie vermieden werden.First of all, instead of a casserole body, a circumferential, essentially one-piece band is selected, which preferably has a round cross section. This band is preferably made of a material which has a relatively high friction compared to the material of the cut band, so that in the event that this circulating band has a higher speed than the run-up speed of the metal band, the metal band in the central region of this circumferential belt because of the good Adhesion between the metal band and belt is even pulled up. However, as a rule, the aim should be that the speed of the belt matches the run-up speed of the film, which is the best way to avoid warping and damage to the film.

Doch auch die randseitige Halterung der bandförmigen, ge­schnittenen Folie konnte verbessert werden. Beim Stand der Technik geschieht dies vorzugsweise durch sog. Reinolds-­Förderketten, also Gliederketten, welche speziell geformte Glieder aufweisen, die aus einem harten Kunststoff bestehen. Diese Reinolds-Förderketten sind teuer und unterliegen gerade wegen der Härte ihres Materials einem höheren Verschleiß als ein flexibles, anpassungsfähigeres Material, und zusätzlich kann bei einer für das Halten der Folie ausreichenden An­presskraft sehr leicht eine Beschädigung oder gar ein Ausreißen der Metallfolie im Bereich der Ränder vorkommen.But the edge-side mounting of the band-shaped, cut film could also be improved. In the prior art, this is preferably done by means of so-called Reinolds conveyor chains, that is to say link chains which have specially shaped links which are made of a hard plastic. These Reinolds conveyor chains are expensive and, due to the hardness of their material, are subject to greater wear than a flexible, more adaptable material, and in addition, if the contact pressure is sufficient to hold the film, the metal film can easily be damaged or even torn out in the area of the edges occurrence.

Gemäß der Erfindung werden anstatt solcher Förderketten je­weils Zahnriemen verwendet,bei denen zumindest die Oberfläche aus Gummi oder gummiähnlichem, relativ elastischem Material bestehen, und wobei die Zähne des Zahnriemens nach außen ge­richtet sind, so daß die Folie an den Rändern jeweils zwischen dem Untertrumm des einen darüber laufenden Zahnriemens und dem Obertrumm des einen darunter laufenden Zahnriemens gehal­ten und weitertransportiert wird, wobei diese über eine ge­wisse Strecke parallel laufen, um das Ineinandergreifen von Zähnen und Zahnlücken der beiden Riemen zu ermöglichen. Dabei haben sich besonders Gewebezahnriemen aus einer Kunststoff-Textil-­Mischung als vorteilhaft erwiesen. Selbstverständlich muß hierfür eine solche Zahnform bei dem Zahnriemen gewählt werden, bei denen die Form der Zähne denen der Zahnlücken möglichst genau entspricht. Des weiteren ist durch ausreichende Spannung der Zahnriemen oder auch durch mechanische Unterstützung beispielsweise durch Stützvorrichtungen, über die die greifenden Trümmer der Zahnriemen laufen, eine ausreichende Gegeneinanderpressung der beiden Riemen anzu­streben, so daß die Haltekraft der Folie ausreichend groß ist.According to the invention, toothed belts are used instead of such conveyor chains, in which at least the surface consists of rubber or rubber-like, relatively elastic material, and wherein the teeth of the toothed belt are directed outwards, so that the film at the edges in each case between the lower run of the one the toothed belt running above and the upper run of the toothed belt running underneath are held and transported further, these running parallel over a certain distance in order to enable the teeth and tooth gaps of the two belts to mesh with one another. In particular, fabric timing belts made from a plastic-textile mixture have proven to be advantageous. Of course, a tooth shape of this kind must be selected for the toothed belt in which the shape of the teeth corresponds as closely as possible to that of the tooth gaps. Furthermore, the toothed belt is sufficiently tensioned or also by mechanical support, for example by means of support devices over which the gripping debris of the toothed belt runs To strive for sufficient pressure between the two belts so that the holding force of the film is sufficiently large.

Eine solche seitliche Halterung der geschnittenen Metallfolie zwischen Zahnriemen bietet jedoch gegenüber den Reinolds-­Förderketten, die ja an ihrer Anlagefläche gegenüber den Metallfolien im wesentlichen eben sind, einen zusätzlichen, ganz entscheidenden Vorteil:
Da bei einem Strecken der geschnittenen, bandförmigen Metall­folie quer zur Längsrichtung nicht nur eine Verbreiterung sondern in Längsrichtung auch eine Verkürzung der Folie eintritt, muß bei kontinuierlich arbeitender Vorrichtung und hintereinander angeordneter, über die Metallfolie ver­bundener Schneid- und Streckeinheit dafür gesorgt werden, daß während des Streckvorganges eine Erniedrigung der Durch­laufgeschwindigkeit der metallischen Folie entsprechend der beim Strecken erfolgten Längenverkürzung des Bandes eintritt. Da eine Folie, die von zwei ineinanderlaufenden Zahnriemen erfaßt wird, den Zickzackweg von Zähnen und Zahnlücken mit­machen muß, werden über eine bestimmte Strecke des Zahnriemens eine von der Zahnhöhe des Zahnriemens abhängige, jedoch auf jeden Fall größere Länge der bandförmigen Folie gehalten. Deshalb kann eine mit einer Geschwindigkeit V1 aus der Schneid­einheit einlaufende, bandförmige Folie mittels mit geringerer Geschwindigkeit V2 laufender Zahnriemen erfaßt werden, ohne daß es zu einem Zug oder andererseits zu einem Stau des ge­schnittenen, bandförmigen Materials kommt. Bei entsprechender Wahl der Zahnform der Zahnriemen, also der Zahnhöhe und des Zahnabstandes, kann auf diese Art und Weise die Verkürzung der Folie in Längsrichtung gerade kompensiert werden, so daß am Auslauf der Streckeinheit, also am Ende der ineinandergrei­fenden Zahnriemen, aufgrund der Verkürzung der Folie in Längs­ richtung gerade eine solche Geschwindigkeit des fertigen Streckmetalls gegeben ist, wie sie der Geschwindigkeit der Zahnriemen und damit der Auslaufgeschwindigkeit aus der Streckeinheit entspricht.
Such a lateral holding of the cut metal foil between toothed belts offers an additional, very decisive advantage over the Reinolds conveyor chains, which are essentially flat on their contact surface compared to the metal foils:
Since stretching of the cut, band-shaped metal foil transversely to the longitudinal direction not only causes a widening but also a shortening of the foil in the longitudinal direction, the continuously working device and the cutting and stretching unit connected via the metal foil must ensure that during the Stretching process a decrease in the throughput speed of the metallic foil occurs in accordance with the length reduction of the strip that occurred during stretching. Since a film that is gripped by two toothed belts that run into one another must follow the zigzag path of teeth and tooth gaps, a length of the belt-shaped film that is dependent on the tooth height of the toothed belt is maintained over a certain distance of the toothed belt, but in any case a greater length. Therefore, a band-shaped film that comes in from the cutting unit at a speed V1 can be gripped by means of toothed belts running at a lower speed V2 without there being any tension or, on the other hand, jamming of the cut, band-shaped material. With the appropriate choice of tooth shape for the toothed belt, i.e. the tooth height and the tooth spacing, the shortening of the film in the longitudinal direction can be compensated in this way, so that at the outlet of the stretching unit, i.e. at the end of the intermeshing toothed belt, due to the shortening of the film in longitudinal Direction just such a speed of the finished expanded metal is given, as it corresponds to the speed of the toothed belt and thus the speed of discharge from the stretching unit.

Bei Verwendung von Halte- und Fördermitteln, die eben an der Folie anliegen, stimmen die Geschwindigkeiten dieser Halte- und Fördermittel logischerweise entweder am Einlauf oder am Auslauf der Streckeinheit mit der des zu bearbeitenden Materiales überein bzw. an irgendeinem dazwischenliegenden Punkt, eine vorrichtungsimmanente Re­duzierung der Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit des zu bearbeitenden, bandförmigen Materials ist jedoch nicht gegeben.When using holding and conveying means that just lie against the film, the speeds of these holding and conveying means logically coincide with that of the material to be processed either at the inlet or at the outlet of the stretching unit, or at any point in between, a reduction of the device inherent in the device The speed of the strip-like material to be processed is not given.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen gemäß der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen beispielhaft näher be­schrieben.
Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung der hintereinander aufgebauten Schneideinheit und Streckeinheit;
  • Figur 2 eine abgewickelte Darstellung der Mantelfläche der Schneidwalze;
  • Figur 3 eine Schnittdarstellung durch Schneid- und Anpress­walze entlang Schnitt A-A der Figuren 1 und 2, wobei Schneidwalze und Anpresswalze nicht, wie im Betrieb üblich, ineinandergreifen, sondern der besseren Übersichtlichkeit halber mit Abstand von­einander dargestellt sind und
  • Figur 4 eine Aufsicht auf die Streckeinheit, wobei sich die zu streckende Folie, ebenso wie bei Figur 1 erst am Einlauf der Streckeinheit befindet.
  • Figur 5 eine Detaildarstellung aus Figur 2.
Advantageous embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example with reference to the drawings.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a perspective view of the cutting unit and stretching unit built one behind the other;
  • Figure 2 is a developed view of the outer surface of the cutting roller;
  • 3 shows a sectional view through the cutting and pressing roller along section AA of FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutting roller and pressing roller not intermeshing, as is customary in operation, but rather are shown at a distance from one another for the sake of clarity and
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of the stretching unit, the film to be stretched, just as in Figure 1, only at the inlet of the stretching unit.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detailed illustration from FIG. 2.

Figur 1 zeigt, hintereinander angeordnet, ein Schneideinheit 2 sowie eine Streckeinheit 3, wobei angedeutet ist, daß diese beiden Einheiten zwar bei kontinuierlichem Durchlauf der Folie 1 hintereinander angeordnet sein müssen, jedoch nicht unmittel­bar hintereinander, da dazwischen weitere Einrichtungen, beispielsweise Zählwerk, Kontrollvorrichtungen, Ausrichte- und Umlenkvorrichtung zwischengeschaltet sein können.FIG. 1 shows, arranged one behind the other, a cutting unit 2 and a stretching unit 3, whereby it is indicated that these two units must be arranged one behind the other with continuous passage of the film 1, but not immediately one behind the other, since in between further devices, for example counter, control devices, Alignment and deflection device can be interposed.

Beide, Schneideinheit 2 und Streckeinheit 3,können auf einem einheitlichen Grundgestell, wie mit der Nummer 6 angedeutet, montiert sein oder auch an unterschiedlichen Stellen und unterschiedlichen Grundgestellen, je nach Erfordernis des Produktionsablaufes.Both the cutting unit 2 and the stretching unit 3 can be mounted on a uniform base frame, as indicated by the number 6, or at different locations and different base frames, depending on the requirements of the production process.

Die Lage und gegenseitige Ausrichtung der Aggregate hängen von Position und Durchlaufrichtung der zu bearbeitenden Folie 1 ab, welche in der dargestellten Ausführungsform waagerecht von links nach rechts durchläuft. Daher besteht die Schneideinheit 2 aus waagerecht übereinander angeordneter Anpresswalze 5 sowie Schneidwalze 4, welche ineinandergreifen und die dazwischen durchlaufende Folie 1 mit einer Vielzahl von einzelnen, in Längsrichtung angeordneten Schnitten 7 versehen. Schneidwalze 4 und Anpresswalze 5 sind beiderseits in Lagerblöcken 19 gelagert, welche auf dem Grundgestell 6 montiert sind und über nicht dargestellte Antriebsaggregate, beispielsweise Elektromotoren, angetrieben werden.The position and mutual alignment of the units depend on the position and direction of travel of the film 1 to be processed, which runs horizontally from left to right in the embodiment shown. Therefore, the cutting unit 2 consists of horizontally one above the other pressure roller 5 and cutting roller 4, which interlock and provide the film 1 passing therebetween with a large number of individual cuts 7 arranged in the longitudinal direction. Cutting roller 4 and pressure roller 5 are supported on both sides in bearing blocks 19 which are mounted on the base frame 6 and are driven by drive units (not shown), for example electric motors.

Bei der hier dargestellten Schneideinheit 2 befindet sich die Anpresswalze 5 über der Schneidwalze 4, jedoch könnte die Anordnung genauso gut umgekehrt sein. Die Mantelfläche der zylindrischen Schneidwalze 4 weist eine Vielfalt von im wesentlichen ringförmigen Nuten 8 auf, zwischen denen die ebenfalls im wesentlichen ringförmigen Schneidstege 10 aufragen. Die Umfangsflächen 14 dieser Schneidstege 10 weisen in ihrer Abwicklung eine in etwa zickzackförmige Struktur auf, wie sie besser in Figur 2 zu erkennen ist. Dies rührt daher, daß in die Mantelfläche 9 der Schneidwalze 4 nicht nur eine Vielzahl von Nuten 8 mit im wesentlichen rechteckigem Quer­schnitt ringförmig angeordnet sind, zwischen denen ebenfalls ringförmige, also konzentrisch zur Drehachse der Schneidwalze 4 verlaufende, Schneidstege 10 stehen bleiben, sondern weiter­hin in die Flanken 15 dieser Schneidstege 10 Ausnehmungen 12 eingearbeitet sind, die sich bis in die Umfangsfläche 14 der Schneidstege 10 hinein erstrecken, und daher aus diesen ring­förmigen Umfangflächen 14 der Schneidstege 10 Aussparungen 13 ausgenommen werden, so daß die ursprünglich ringförmige Form der Umfangsflächen 14 der Schneidstege 10 durch seitliche Aus­sparungen verändert wird. Dadurch werden auch die Schneidkanten 11 unterbrochen, die ohne die Aussparungen 13 durchgehend Ring­form hätten, wodurch erst die Erzeugung einzelner, unterbrochener Schnitte 7 in Transportlängsrichtung 38 der bandförmigen Folie 1 möglich werden. Im vorliegenden Fall, siehe Figur 1 und Figur 2, ist jeweils nur eine Schneidkante 11 jedes Schneidsteges 10 durch Aussparungen 13 unterbrochen. Die durch Aussparungen 13 unterbrochenen Schneidkanten 11 zweier benachbarter Schneid­stege 10 sind jeweils einander zugekehrt.
Die Schneidstege 10 sind so breit, daß sie genau in die ebenfalls ringförmig in die Mantelfläche 9 der Anpresswalze 5 eingebrachten Nuten 18 passen, so daß beim Betrieb der Schneid­einheit 2 die Schneidstege 10 der Schneidwalze 4 teilweise in die Nuten 18 der Anpresswalze 5 hineinragen und ebenso die zwischen den Nuten 18 der Anpresswalze 5 aufragenden Stege in die Nuten 8 der Schneidwalze. Dadurch wird, bei gemeinsamer Drehung von Schneidwalze 4 und Anpresswalze 5 und Durchlauf der bandförmigen, metallischen Folie 1 zwischen diesen beiden Walzen ein Abscheren der Folie 1 zwischen den Schneidkanten 11 der Schneidwalze und den dagegen wirkenden Kanten der Stege der Anpresswalze bewirkt. Die solchermaßen mit einer Vielzahl von einzelnen, in Transportlängsrichtung 38 und zueinander versetzt angeordneten Schnitten 7 versehene Folie 1 läuft entweder unmittelbar anschließend oder nach Zwischenschaltung weiterer Aggregate zum Strecken quer zur Transportlängsrichtung 38 in die Streckeinheit 3. Diese besteht aus je zwei ineinander­laufenden Zahnriemen 30 im Bereich der Ränder 34 der Folie 1. Dabei ist jeweils einer der Zahnriemen 30 oberhalb bzw. unter­halb der Folie 1 angeordnet und über wenigstens zwei Rollen 31 so geführt, daß das Untertrumm der oberen Zahnriemen 30 sowie das Obertrumm der unteren Zahnriemen 30 jeweils parallel zur Folie 1 und parallel zum anderen Zahnriemen 30 verläuft. Da die Zahnung der Zahriemen 30 so gewählt ist, daß die Größe der Zähne 32 der der Zahnzwischenräume 33 entspricht, greifen wegen entsprechender Wahl des Abstandes von der jeweils oberen zur jeweils unteren Rolle 31 das Untertrumm des oberen Zahn­riemens 30 und das Obertrumm des unteren Zahnriemens 30 auf­grund ihrer nach außen gerichteten Zähne 32 ineinander. Dabei ist durch ausreichende Spannung der Zahriemen 30 durch die Rollen 31 gesichert, daß auf der gesamten Länge des Ineinander­greifens eine ausreichend hohe Anpresskraft der beiden Zahn­riemen 30 vorhanden ist, um die dazwischen gefaßten Ränder 34 der Folie 1 nicht nur in Transportlängsrichtung 38 zu halten und zu transportieren sondern auch ein ausreichendes Festhalten quer zur Transportlängsrichtung 38 für die beabsichtigte Streckung in dieser Richtung zu bewirken.
In the cutting unit 2 shown here, the pressure roller 5 is located above the cutting roller 4, but the arrangement could just as well be reversed. The outer surface of the cylindrical cutting roller 4 has a variety of substantially annular grooves 8, between which the likewise substantially annular cutting webs 10 tower. The peripheral surfaces 14 of these cutting webs 10 have an approximately zigzag structure in their development, as can be seen better in FIG. 2. This is due to the fact that not only a plurality of grooves 8 with a substantially rectangular cross-section are arranged in a ring in the lateral surface 9 of the cutting roller 4, between which also annular cutting webs 10, that is to say concentric to the axis of rotation of the cutting roller 4, remain, but also remain in the flanks 15 of these cutting webs 10 are recesses 12 which extend into the peripheral surface 14 of the cutting webs 10, and therefore recesses 13 are excluded from these annular peripheral surfaces 14 of the cutting webs 10, so that the originally annular shape of the peripheral surfaces 14 of the cutting webs 10 is changed by side recesses. As a result, the cutting edges 11 are interrupted, which would have a continuous ring shape without the cutouts 13, as a result of which it is only possible to produce individual, interrupted cuts 7 in the longitudinal transport direction 38 of the band-shaped film 1. In the present case, see FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, only one cutting edge 11 of each cutting web 10 is interrupted by cutouts 13. The cutting edges 11 of two adjacent cutting webs 10, which are interrupted by cutouts 13, each face one another.
The cutting webs 10 are so wide that they fit exactly into the grooves 18, which are also annular in the lateral surface 9 of the pressure roller 5, so that during operation of the cutting unit 2, the cutting webs 10 of the cutting roller 4 partially protrude into the grooves 18 of the pressure roller 5 and also the ridges projecting between the grooves 18 of the pressure roller 5 into the grooves 8 of the cutting roller. As a result, when the cutting roller 4 and the pressure roller 5 rotate together and the band-shaped, metallic foil 1 passes between these two rollers, the foil 1 is sheared between the cutting edges 11 of the cutting roller and the edges of the webs of the pressure roller acting against it. The film 1 thus provided with a large number of individual cuts 7 arranged in the longitudinal direction 38 and offset from one another runs either immediately afterwards or after interposition of further units for stretching transversely to the longitudinal direction 38 into the stretching unit 3. This consists of two toothed belts 30 running into each other in the region of the edges 34 of the film 1. One of the toothed belts 30 is arranged above or below the film 1 and guided over at least two rollers 31 so that the lower run the upper toothed belt 30 and the upper run of the lower toothed belt 30 each run parallel to the film 1 and parallel to the other toothed belt 30. Since the toothing of the timing belt 30 is selected so that the size of the teeth 32 corresponds to that of the tooth spaces 33, the lower run of the upper toothed belt 30 and the upper run of the lower toothed belt 30 engage because of a corresponding choice of the distance from the respective upper to the lower roll 31 due to their outwardly facing teeth 32. It is ensured by sufficient tension of the timing belt 30 by the rollers 31 that there is a sufficiently high contact pressure of the two toothed belts 30 along the entire length of the intermeshing to hold the edges 34 of the film 1 between them and not only in the longitudinal transport direction 38 transport but also to cause sufficient hold transversely to the longitudinal transport direction 38 for the intended extension in this direction.

Diese Streckung wird dadurch vollzogen, daß, bei Betrachtung der Streckeinheit 3 in einer Aufsicht. wie in Figur 4 darge­stellt, etwa in der Mitte zwischen den Zahnriemen 30 und parallel zu diesen ein Riemen 35 über wenigstens zwei Rollen 31 umläuft, dessen Umlaufebene 36 etwa in Transportlängs­richtung 38 der Folie 1, jedoch senkrecht zur Ebene der Folie 1 verläuft. Das Obertrumm 39 dieses Riemens 35 verläuft da­bei von unterhalb der Ebene der Folie 1 schräg nach oben, so daß es mit der Transportlängsrichtung 38 einen spitzen Winkel 40 bildet, der vorzugsweise einer Steigung des Ober­trumms 39 gegenüber der Ebene der Folie 1 von 1:2 bis 1:4, vorzugsweise 1 : 3, entspricht. Die Rollen 31, mittels derer dieser Riemen 35 gespannt wird.
    
    
    
    
    
This stretching is accomplished in that, when the stretching unit 3 is viewed in a top view. As shown in FIG. 4, approximately in the middle between the toothed belts 30 and parallel to them, a belt 35 revolves over at least two rollers 31, the circumferential plane 36 of which runs approximately in the longitudinal direction 38 of the film 1, but perpendicular to the plane of the film 1. The upper run 39 of this belt 35 runs obliquely upwards from below the plane of the film 1, so that it forms an acute angle 40 with the longitudinal transport direction 38, which preferably increases the slope of the upper run 39 from the plane of the film 1 from 1: 2 to 1: 4, preferably 1: 3, corresponds. The rollers 31, by means of which this belt 35 is tensioned.




sind ebenfalls wiederum in Lagerblöcken 19 gelagert, welche auf dem Grundgestell 6 montiert sind. Ebenso wird auch dieser Riemen 35 mittels Antriebsaggregaten, vorzugsweise Elektro­motoren, so angetrieben, daß sich das Obertrumm 39 des Riemens 35 schräg nach rechts oben bewegt, also mit der Laufrichtung der Folie 1.are in turn also stored in bearing blocks 19 which are mounted on the base frame 6. Likewise, this belt 35 is also driven by drive units, preferably electric motors, in such a way that the upper run 39 of the belt 35 moves obliquely upward to the right, that is to say with the running direction of the film 1.

Wird nun bei Betrieb der Streckeinheit 3 die Folie 1 an ihren Rändern 34 durch die Paare der Zahnriemen 30 erfaßt und in Transportlängsrichtung 38 weiter befördert, so tritt durch das Auflaufen der Folie 1 auf das Obertrumm 39 des Riemens 35 eine Streckung der Folie 1 quer zur Transport­längsrichtung ein, und zwar mit zunehmendem Anstieg des Obertrumms 39 des Riemens 35, der vorzugsweise einen runden Querschnitt hat mit einem Durchmesser der Größenordnung von 25 mm. Um ein problemloses Auflaufen der Metallfolie 1 auf den Riemen 35 sicherzustellen, sollte die Geschwindigkeit des Riemens 35 mindestens der der Zahnriemen 30 entsprechen und als Material für den Riemen 35 sollte Kunststoff oder Gummi gewählt werden, um eine ausreichende Reibung und damit Mitnahme zwischen dem Riemen 35 und dem zu schneidenden Material der Folie 1 zu gewährleisten.If, during operation of the stretching unit 3, the film 1 is grasped at its edges 34 by the pairs of toothed belts 30 and conveyed further in the longitudinal direction 38, the film 1 stretches transversely to the upper run 39 of the belt 35 due to the run-up of the film 1 Longitudinal transport direction, with increasing increase of the upper run 39 of the belt 35, which preferably has a round cross section with a diameter of the order of 25 mm. In order to ensure problem-free running of the metal foil 1 onto the belt 35, the speed of the belt 35 should at least correspond to that of the toothed belt 30 and plastic or rubber should be selected as the material for the belt 35 in order to ensure sufficient friction and thus entrainment between the belt 35 and to ensure the material of the film 1 to be cut.

Bei der Wahl der Zahnriemen 30 ist es zweckmäßig zu beachten, daß nicht nur ein solches Zahnprofil gewählt wurde, daß ein Ineinanderpassen von Zähnen 32 und Zahnzwischenräumen 33 der zugeordneten Zahnriemen 30 gewährleistet ist, sondern es muß auch die Härte des Zahnriemenmaterials sorgfältig gewählt werden, um eine ausreichende Haltekraft gegenüber der Folie 1 zu gewährleisten. Hierbei hat sich am vorteilhaftesten die Wahl von Gummizahnriemen mit einer Härte von etwa 60 shore erwiesen.When choosing the toothed belt 30, it is advisable to note that not only was a tooth profile selected such that a fitting of teeth 32 and tooth spaces 33 of the associated toothed belt 30 is ensured, but the hardness of the toothed belt material must also be carefully selected in order to to ensure a sufficient holding force against the film 1. The most advantageous choice here has been the choice of rubber timing belts with a hardness of around 60 shore.

Bei einer solchen Parameterwahl lassen sich mit der dar­gestellten Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Streckmaterial problemlos z.B. Aluminiumfolien von 3/100 bis zu 12/100 Dicke schneiden und strecken.With such a choice of parameters, the illustrated device for producing expanded material can be used, e.g. Cut and stretch aluminum foils from 3/100 to 12/100 thick.

Selbstverständlich muß hierzu, um ein kontinuierliches Zusammenwirken von Schneideinheit 2 und Streckeinheit 3 zu gewährleisten, die Umlaufgeschwindigkeit der Zahnriemen 30 sowie des Riemens 35 auf die Umlaufgeschwindigkeit von Schneidwalze 4 und Anpresswalze 5 abgestimmt werden. Auf­grund der Faltung der Folie 1 um die Zähne der Zahnriemen 30 ergibt sich als Umlaufgeschwindigkeit der Zahnriemen 30 eine geringere Umlaufgeschwindigkeit als die Geschwindigkeit der ankommenden, geschnittenen Folie 1, jedoch hängt das Maß der Reduzierung von Abstand und Höhe der Zähne 32 der Zahnriemen 30 ab.Of course, in order to ensure a continuous interaction of the cutting unit 2 and the stretching unit 3, the rotational speed of the toothed belt 30 and the belt 35 must be matched to the rotational speed of the cutting roller 4 and pressure roller 5. Due to the folding of the film 1 around the teeth of the toothed belt 30, the speed of rotation of the toothed belt 30 is lower than the speed of the incoming cut film 1, but the extent of the reduction in the distance and height of the teeth 32 of the toothed belt 30 depends.

Sowohl in der rechten Hälfte der Figur 1 als auch in Figur 4 ist die Folie 1 lediglich bis zum Anfang der Streckeinheit 3 eingezogen dargestellt, um die Darstellung der übrigen Vorrichtungsteile nicht zu behindern.Both in the right half of FIG. 1 and in FIG. 4, the film 1 is only drawn in as far as the beginning of the stretching unit 3 in order not to hinder the representation of the other parts of the device.

Weiterhin enthalten die Figuren 2 und 3 Detaildarstellungen der Schneidwalze 4. Figur 2 zeigt eine abgewickelte Dar­stellung der Mantelfläche 9 der Schneidwalze 4, also genauer gesagt der Umfangsfläche 14 der Schneidstege 10 der Schneid­walze 4, wie sie zwischen den ringförmigen und konzentrisch zur Drehachse der Schneidwalze 4 angeordneten Nuten 8 stehen­bleiben, welche vorzugsweise einen rechtwinkligen Quer­schnitt aufweisen, wie am besten in Figur 3 zu erkennen ist.Furthermore, FIGS. 2 and 3 contain detailed representations of the cutting roller 4. FIG. 2 shows a developed representation of the lateral surface 9 of the cutting roller 4, that is to say more precisely the peripheral surface 14 of the cutting webs 10 of the cutting roller 4, as they are between the annular and concentric to the axis of rotation of the cutting roller 4 Arranged grooves 8 remain, which preferably have a rectangular cross section, as can best be seen in FIG.

Diese Schneidstege 10 weisen je zwei Flanken 15 auf, welche mittels der Umfangflächen 14 der Schneidstege 10 die ring­förmigen Schneidkanten 11 bilden, welche im Zusammenwirken mit den Flanken der Nuten 18 der Anpresswalze 5 ein Abscheren des zu schneidenden Materials, also der Folie 1, bewirken. Allerdings müssen hierzu Schneidwalze 4 und Anpresswalze 5 so nahe zugeordnet sein, daß Nuten 8 bzw. 18 sowie die da­zwischenliegenden Stege der beiden Walzen teilweise ineinander­greifen. Demgegenüber sind Schneidwalze 4 und Anpresswalze 5 in Figur 3 räumlich getrennt voneinander dargestellt, um die Bezeichnung und Darstellung der einzelnen Flächen und Kanten zu erleichtern.These cutting webs 10 each have two flanks 15, which, by means of the peripheral surfaces 14 of the cutting webs 10, form the annular cutting edges 11, which work together with the flanks of the grooves 18 of the pressure roller 5 shear off the material to be cut, ie the film 1. However, the cutting roller 4 and the pressure roller 5 must be assigned so close that the grooves 8 and 18 and the webs between the two rollers interpose. In contrast, cutting roller 4 and pressure roller 5 are shown spatially separated from one another in FIG. 3 in order to facilitate the description and representation of the individual surfaces and edges.

Die in der Figur 2 zu erkennenden Aussparungen 13 der Umfangs­flächen 14 der Schneidwalze 1 ergeben sich durch die in Figur 3 zu erkennenden Ausnehmungen 12, wie sie in den Flanken 15 der Schneidstege 10 angebracht sind. Diese ragen auch in die Umfangsfläche 14 der Schneidstege 10 hinein und ergeben damit die Aussparungen 13.The recesses 13 of the circumferential surfaces 14 of the cutting roller 1 which can be seen in FIG. 2 result from the recesses 12 which can be seen in FIG. 3, as are provided in the flanks 15 of the cutting webs 10. These also protrude into the peripheral surface 14 of the cutting webs 10 and thus result in the cutouts 13.

Für die Wirkung bezüglich der Folie 1 kommt es dabei haupt­sächlich auf die Form der Aussparung 13 an, wie sie in Figur 2 zu erkennen ist, und weniger auf den Verlauf der Ausnehmung 12 im unteren Bereich der Flanken 15 der Figur 3.For the effect with respect to the film 1, what is important is the shape of the recess 13, as can be seen in FIG. 2, and less the shape of the recess 12 in the lower region of the flanks 15 of FIG. 3.

Die in Figur 3 dargestellte Form der Ausnehmungen 12 ergibt sich vorzugsweise dann, wenn die Schneidwalze 4, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, aus einzelnen Scheiben von abwechselnd größerem und kleinerem Durchmesser besteht, welche in axialer Richtung hintereinander angeordnet zur Schneidwalze 4 verbunden werden. Vor diesem Zusammenbau werden dabei die besagten Aus­nehmungen 12 in den Flanken 15 der Scheiben angebracht, welche später die Schneidstege 10 bilden,und zwar mittels eines Scheibenfräsers, so daß sich der bogenförmige Auslauf der Aus­nehmungen 12 im unteren Bereich der Flanken 15 ergibt. Allerdings können diese Ausnehmungen 12 auch auf andere Art und Weise hergestellt werden, was hauptsächlich dann erforder­ forderlich ist, wenn die Schneidwalze 4 nicht aus einzelnen Scheiben aufgebaut ist sondern aus einem einstückigen, zylindrischen Teil gefertigt wird.The shape of the recesses 12 shown in FIG. 3 is preferably obtained when the cutting roller 4, as shown in FIG. 3, consists of individual disks of alternately larger and smaller diameters, which are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction to form the cutting roller 4. Before this assembly, said recesses 12 are made in the flanks 15 of the disks, which later form the cutting webs 10, by means of a disk milling cutter, so that the arcuate outlet of the recesses 12 results in the lower region of the flanks 15. However, these recesses 12 can also be produced in other ways, which then mainly requires is necessary if the cutting roller 4 is not constructed from individual disks but is made from a one-piece, cylindrical part.

Ebenso ist in Figur 3, die eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linien A-A der Figuren 1 bzw. 2 darstellt, zu erkennen, daß die Nuten 18 der Anpresswalze 5 teilweise mit Gummi 17 angefüllt sind, welcher während des Schnittes der Folie 1 durch Einwirkung durch die Schneidstege 10 zusammengepreßt wird, anschließend jedoch durch seine Ausdehnung in den ursprünglichen Zustand die teilweise in der Nut 18 liegende Folie 1 aus dieser herausdrückt.It can also be seen in FIG. 3, which is a sectional view along the lines AA of FIGS. 1 and 2, that the grooves 18 of the pressure roller 5 are partially filled with rubber 17, which during the cutting of the film 1 by action by the cutting webs 10 is pressed together, but then, due to its expansion into the original state, the film 1 partially lying in the groove 18 is pressed out of it.

Beim Stand der Technik war es dagegen notwendig, in den Nuten 8 der Schneidwalze 4 Gummi oder anderes elastisches Material anzuordnen, um die Folie 1 aus diesen Nuten 8 herauszudrücken, da die Folie 1 sich oft in den Ausnehmungen 12 der Schneidstege 10 verhakte, so daß beim Auslauf aus der Schneideinheit 2 zusätzliche, unbeabsichtigte Risse in der Folie 1 auftraten, wodurch oft Querverbindungen unterbrochen wurden oder gar die ganze Folie 1 zerriß, so daß eine Weiter­verarbeitung zu Streckmetall nicht möglich war. Solche Störungen sind besonders bei kontinuierlichem Verfahrens­ablauf äußerst störend, da es, zusammen mit eventuellen Störungen der Streckeinheit 3 zu sehr häufigen Stillständen der Gesamtanlage kommt bzw. zu einer hohen Ausschußrate.In the prior art, on the other hand, it was necessary to arrange rubber or other elastic material in the grooves 8 of the cutting roller 4 in order to push the film 1 out of these grooves 8, since the film 1 often got caught in the recesses 12 of the cutting webs 10, so that at the outlet from the cutting unit 2, additional, unintentional cracks occurred in the film 1, as a result of which cross connections were often interrupted or even the entire film 1 tore, so that further processing into expanded metal was not possible. Such faults are extremely disruptive, particularly in the case of a continuous process, since, together with any faults in the stretching unit 3, the entire system comes to a very frequent standstill or a high reject rate.

Dieses Verhaken der Folie 1 in den Ausnehmungen 12 scheint dadurch begründet zu sein, daß beim Stand der Technik die durch die Ausnehmungen 12 erzeugten Aussparungen 13 in den Umfangsflächen 14 rechteckigen Querschnitt besassen.This interlocking of the film 1 in the recesses 12 appears to be due to the fact that in the prior art the recesses 13 produced by the recesses 12 had a rectangular cross section in the peripheral surfaces 14.

Gemäß der Erfindung werden diese Ausnehmungen 12 dagegen so gestaltet, daß ihr Querschnitt und damit die Aussparung 13 in der Umfangsfläche 14 der Schneidstege 10 trapezförmig ist, wobei die Basis des Trapezes auf der Linie der durch­gezogenen Schneidkanten 11 liegt.Die Seiten 41 dieses Trapezes der Aussparung 13 sind vorzugsweise um den gleichen Winkel 43, und zwar vorzugsweise um 40° bis 75°, insbesondere 45°, gegen­über der Basis 42 des Trapezes geneigt, wie in Figur 5 dargestellt.
Durch diese schräge Stellung der Seiten der Ausnehmungen 12 läuft die Folie 1 so problemlos und rißfrei aus der Schneid­einheit aus, daß sowohl die elastischen Einlagen in den Nuten 8 der Schneidwalze 4 als auch die am Auslauf aus der Schneideinheit verwendeten Abstreifbürsten und andere Führungsvorrichtungen sowie die Gummieinlagen der Schneidwalzen nur als weitere Optimierungen vorgesehen werden können.
According to the invention, however, these recesses 12 are so designed that its cross section and thus the recess 13 in the peripheral surface 14 of the cutting webs 10 is trapezoidal, the base of the trapezoid lying on the line of the solid cutting edges 11. The sides 41 of this trapezoid of the recess 13 are preferably at the same angle 43, preferably 40 ° to 75 °, in particular 45 °, with respect to the base 42 of the trapezoid, as shown in FIG. 5.
Due to this inclined position of the sides of the recesses 12, the film 1 runs out of the cutting unit so easily and without cracks that both the elastic inserts in the grooves 8 of the cutting roller 4 and the wiping brushes used at the outlet from the cutting unit and other guiding devices as well as the rubber inserts the cutting rollers can only be used as further optimizations.

Claims (14)

1. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Streckmaterial aus einer Folie, insbesondere von Streckmetall aus einer Aluminiumfolie, mit einer Schneideinheit zur kon­tinuierlichen Erzeugung von einzelnen, unter­brochenen Schnitten in einer Folie, wobei die Schneid­einheit aus einer Schneidwalze und einer Anpresswalze besteht, und einer Streckeinheit zur Streckung der mit Schnitten versehenen Folie quer zur Längsrichtung der Schnitte,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß a) bei der Schneideinheit (2) die Schneidwalze (4) im wesentlichen zylindrisch ist und eine Vielzahl von Nuten (8) mit viereckigem Querschnitt in der Mantelfläche (9) der Schneidwalze (4) aufweist, so daß zwischen den Nuten (8) Schneidstege (10) stehen­bleiben, b) die Schneidstege (10) in den Flan­ken(15) mehrere Ausnehmungen (12) aufweisen, die bis in die Umfangsfläche (14) des Schneidsteges (10) hineinreichen und damit jeweils eine der beiden Schneidkanten (11) des Schneidsteges (10) unterbrechen, c) die Ausnehmungen(12) eine solche Form haben, dadurch in der Umfangsfläche (14) des Schneidsteges (10) Aussparungen entstehen, die bei Abwicklung in eine Ebene die Form eines Trapezes aufweisen, dessen Basis (16) die durchgezogene Schneidkante (11) bilden würde und d) die zylindrische Anpresswalze (5) ebenfalls eine Viel­zahl von ringförmigen Nuten (18) aufweist, deren An­zahl und Dimensionierung so auf die Nuten (8) der Schneid­walze (4) abgestimmt ist, daß durch das Ineinanderlaufen von Nuten (8,18) und Stegen von Schneid- und Anpress­walze (4) und (5) die dazwischenlaufende Folie 1 ge­schnitten wird.
1. An apparatus for producing stretch material from a film, in particular expanded metal from an aluminum foil, with a cutting unit for the continuous production of individual, interrupted cuts in a film, the cutting unit consisting of a cutting roller and a pressure roller, and a stretching unit for stretching the film provided with cuts transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cuts,
characterized in that a) in the cutting unit (2) the cutting roller (4) is substantially cylindrical and has a plurality of grooves (8) with a square cross-section in the lateral surface (9) of the cutting roller (4), so that between the grooves (8) cutting webs (10) stop, b) the cutting webs (10) in the flanks (15) have a plurality of recesses (12) which extend into the peripheral surface (14) of the cutting web (10) and thus interrupt one of the two cutting edges (11) of the cutting web (10), c) the recesses (12) have such a shape, thereby creating recesses in the peripheral surface (14) of the cutting web (10) which, when developed in one plane, have the shape of a trapezoid, the base (16) of which is the solid cutting edge (11) would form and d) the cylindrical pressure roller (5) also has a plurality of annular grooves (18), the number and dimensioning of which is matched to the grooves (8) of the cutting roller (4) such that the grooves (8, 18) and Web of cutting and pressure roller (4) and (5) the film 1 running in between is cut.
2. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Streckmaterial aus einer Folie, insbesondere von Streckmetall aus einer Aluminiumfolie, mit einer Schneideinheit zur kon­tinuierlichen Erzeugung von einzelnen, unter­brochenen Schnitten in einer Folie, wobei die Schneid­einheit aus einer Schneidwalze und einer Anpresswalze besteht, und einer Streckeinheit zur Streckung der mit Schnitten versehenen Folie quer zur Längsrichtung der Schnitte,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Nuten(8) der zylindrischen Schneidwalze (4) und die Nuten (18) der zylindrischen Anpresswalze (5) ringförmig in den Umfangsflächen von Schneidwalze (4) und Anpress­walze (5) angeordnet sind.
2. Device for producing stretch material from a film, in particular expanded metal from an aluminum foil, with a cutting unit for the continuous production of individual, interrupted cuts in a film, the cutting unit consisting of a cutting roller and a pressure roller, and a stretching unit for stretching the film provided with cuts transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cuts,
characterized in that
the grooves (8) of the cylindrical cutting roller (4) and the grooves (18) of the cylindrical pressing roller (5) are arranged in a ring in the peripheral surfaces of the cutting roller (4) and the pressing roller (5).
3. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Streckmaterial aus einer Folie, insbesondere von Streckmetall aus einer Aluminiumfolie,mit einer Schneidein­heit zur kontinuierlichen Erzeugung von einzelnen, unter­brochenen Schnitten in einer Folie, wobei die Schneid­einheit aus einer Schneidwalze und einer Anpresswalze besteht, und einer Streckeinheit zur Streckung der mit Schnitten versehenen Folie quer zur Längsrichtung der Schnitte,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß a) die Streckeinheit (3) zwei Paare von Zahriemen (30) aufweist, die die beiden Ränder (34) der Folie (1) ergreifen und weiter in Längsrichtung transportieren, indem über und unter jedem Rand (34) der Folie (1) je ein Zahnriemen (30) in der gleichen, senkrecht zur Folie (1) stehenden Ebene mit nach außen gerichteten Zähnen (32) umläuft, so daß jeweils oberer und unterer Zahnriemen (30) über eine bestimmte Länge so parallel geführt sind, daß deren Zähne (32) und Zahnzwischen­räume (33) ineinandergreifen und jeweils einen Rand der Folie (1) zwischen sich halten und dadurch weiter­transportieren, b) die Querstreckung der Folie (1) durch wenigstens einen über wenigstens zwei Rollen (31) umlaufenden Riemen (35) geschieht, dessen Umlaufebene senkrecht zur Ebene der Folie (1) und in deren Transportlängsrichtung (38) verläuft, wobei das Obertrumm (39) des Riemens (35) in spitzem Winkel (40) gegenüber der Transportlängs­richtung (38) von unterhalb der Ebene der Folie (1) aus ansteigt und c) die Geschwindigkeit des Riemens (35) wenigstens größer oder gleich der der auflaufenden Folie (1) ist, wobei die Laufrichtungen übereinstimmen.
3.Device for producing stretch material from a foil, in particular expanded metal from an aluminum foil, with a cutting unit for the continuous production of individual, interrupted cuts in a foil, the cutting unit consisting of a cutting roller and a pressure roller, and a stretching unit for stretching the film provided with cuts transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cuts,
characterized in that a) the stretching unit (3) has two pairs of timing straps (30) which grip the two edges (34) of the film (1) and transport them further in the longitudinal direction by over and under each edge (34) of the film (1) each a toothed belt (30) revolves in the same plane perpendicular to the film (1) with teeth (32) pointing outwards, so that the upper and lower toothed belts (30) are parallel over a certain length are guided such that their teeth (32) and interdental spaces (33) interlock and each hold an edge of the film (1) between them and thereby transport them further, b) the transverse stretching of the film (1) takes place by means of at least one belt (35) which rotates over at least two rollers (31), the circumferential plane of which runs perpendicular to the plane of the film (1) and in its longitudinal transport direction (38), the upper run (39 ) of the belt (35) at an acute angle (40) with respect to the longitudinal transport direction (38) from below the plane of the film (1) and c) the speed of the belt (35) is at least greater than or equal to that of the running film (1), the running directions being the same.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Seiten des Trapezes mit der Basis (16) einen Winkel von 40°bis 75° einschließen, insbesondere 45°.
4. The device according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the sides of the trapezium form an angle of 40 ° to 75 ° with the base (16), in particular 45 °.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Seiten des Trapezes mit der Basis (16) jeweils gleiche Winkel einschließen.
5. The device according to claim 1 or 3,
characterized in that
the sides of the trapezoid with the base (16) each form equal angles.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
zur Führung im Bereich der Schneideinheit (2) in Längs­richtung der Folie(1) oberhalb und unterhalb derselben Drähte gespannt sind, welche sich somit in den Nuten der Schneidwalze (4) bzw der Anpresswalze (5) befinden.
6. The device according to claim 1, 3 or 4,
characterized in that
for guidance in the area of the cutting unit (2) in the longitudinal direction of the film (1) are stretched above and below the same wires, which are thus located in the grooves of the cutting roller (4) or the pressure roller (5).
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Nuten (18) der Anpresswalze (5) und/oder der Schneid­walze (4) wenigstens teilweise mit elastischem Material, insbesondere Gummi, angefüllt sind.
7. Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the grooves (18) of the pressure roller (5) and / or the cutting roller (4) are at least partially filled with elastic material, in particular rubber.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Riemen (35) einen runden Querschnitt aufweist, vorzugsweise mit 30mm Durchmesser.
8. The device according to claim 2 or 6,
characterized in that
the belt (35) has a round cross section, preferably with a 30 mm diameter.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, 6 oder 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Riemen (35) mit einer Geschwindigkeit läuft, die der Auflaufgeschwindigkeit der Folie (1) entspricht.
9. The device according to claim 2, 6 or 7,
characterized in that
the belt (35) runs at a speed which corresponds to the running speed of the film (1).
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder einen der Ansprüche 6-8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Riemen (35) einem Material mit hohem Reibwert gegenüber dem Material der Folie besteht.
10. The device according to claim 2 or one of claims 6-8,
characterized in that
the belt (35) is made of a material with a high coefficient of friction compared to the material of the film.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder einem der Ansprüche 6-9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Riemen (35) aus Gummi und/oder PVC besteht.
11. The device according to claim 2 or one of claims 6-9,
characterized in that
the belt (35) is made of rubber and / or PVC.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder einem der Ansprüche 6-10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Zahnriemen(30) eine trapezförmige Zahnform aufweisen, und die zugehörigen Zahnzwischenräume (33) nach Form und Größe den Zähnen (32) entsprechen.
12. The device according to claim 2 or one of claims 6-10,
characterized in that
the toothed belts (30) have a trapezoidal tooth shape, and the associated tooth spaces (33) correspond in shape and size to the teeth (32).
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder einem der Ansprüche 6-11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Zahnriemen (30) aus Gummi von 50-70, insbesondere 60 shore Härte bestehen.
13. The apparatus according to claim 2 or one of claims 6-11,
characterized in that
the toothed belts (30) consist of rubber of 50-70, in particular 60 shore hardness.
14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Folie(1) in der Streckeinheit (3) vorzugsweise um den Faktor 1,3 bis 2,0, insbesondere um den Faktor1,8 in Querrichtung gestreckt wird.
14. The device according to one of claims 3 to 13,
characterized in that
the film (1) in the stretching unit (3) is preferably stretched in the transverse direction by a factor of 1.3 to 2.0, in particular by a factor of 1.8.
EP89107563A 1988-04-28 1989-04-26 Apparatus for making expanded sheet metal Expired - Lifetime EP0340619B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3814448A DE3814448A1 (en) 1988-04-28 1988-04-28 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING STRETCH MATERIAL
DE3814448 1988-04-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0340619A1 true EP0340619A1 (en) 1989-11-08
EP0340619B1 EP0340619B1 (en) 1994-08-03

Family

ID=6353146

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89107563A Expired - Lifetime EP0340619B1 (en) 1988-04-28 1989-04-26 Apparatus for making expanded sheet metal

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5088170A (en)
EP (1) EP0340619B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03500509A (en)
AT (1) ATE109384T1 (en)
AU (1) AU621366B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1333045C (en)
DE (2) DE3814448A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2061771T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1989010219A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA893172B (en)

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WO2000008403A1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2000-02-17 Spaeth Michael Device for heating flowable materials and corresponding production method
WO2003041888A1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2003-05-22 Balcus Ab Method and arrangement for machining an object
AT505393B1 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-01-15 Pust Harald DEVICE FOR PRODUCING STRETCH MATERIAL FROM A METAL FOIL

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US6699563B1 (en) 1988-12-06 2004-03-02 Shaikh Ghaleb Mohammad Yassin Alhamad Compositions of matter for stopping fires, explosions and oxidations of materials and build up of electrostatic charges and method and apparatus for making same
US6089325A (en) * 1988-12-06 2000-07-18 Yassin Alhamad; Shaikh Ghaleb Mohammad Compositions of matter for stopping fires, explosions and oxidations of materials and build up of electrostatic charges and method and apparatus for making same
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US6698522B1 (en) * 1994-04-13 2004-03-02 Shaikh Ghaleb Mohammad Yassin Alhamad Hot water heater
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JP3474405B2 (en) * 1997-09-25 2003-12-08 松下電器産業株式会社 Equipment for manufacturing plates for lead-acid batteries
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WO2003041888A1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2003-05-22 Balcus Ab Method and arrangement for machining an object
AT505393B1 (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-01-15 Pust Harald DEVICE FOR PRODUCING STRETCH MATERIAL FROM A METAL FOIL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1989010219A1 (en) 1989-11-02
AU621366B2 (en) 1992-03-12
US5088170A (en) 1992-02-18
DE3814448A1 (en) 1989-11-09
ZA893172B (en) 1990-01-31
ES2061771T3 (en) 1994-12-16
EP0340619B1 (en) 1994-08-03
DE58908129D1 (en) 1994-09-08
DE3814448C2 (en) 1991-07-11
JPH03500509A (en) 1991-02-07
CA1333045C (en) 1994-11-15
AU3537789A (en) 1989-11-24
ATE109384T1 (en) 1994-08-15

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