EP0340314A1 - Process for decorating porcelain, ceramics, glass or the like by means of transfers which can be fired - Google Patents

Process for decorating porcelain, ceramics, glass or the like by means of transfers which can be fired Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0340314A1
EP0340314A1 EP88106963A EP88106963A EP0340314A1 EP 0340314 A1 EP0340314 A1 EP 0340314A1 EP 88106963 A EP88106963 A EP 88106963A EP 88106963 A EP88106963 A EP 88106963A EP 0340314 A1 EP0340314 A1 EP 0340314A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transfer film
film
decorated
decorative image
adhesive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88106963A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0340314B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Küppers
Günter Lehming
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DEPRO Keramische Buntdrucke GmbH
Original Assignee
DEPRO Keramische Buntdrucke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DEPRO Keramische Buntdrucke GmbH filed Critical DEPRO Keramische Buntdrucke GmbH
Priority to ES198888106963T priority Critical patent/ES2030784T3/en
Priority to DE8888106963T priority patent/DE3869125D1/en
Priority to EP88106963A priority patent/EP0340314B1/en
Priority to AT88106963T priority patent/ATE73399T1/en
Publication of EP0340314A1 publication Critical patent/EP0340314A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0340314B1 publication Critical patent/EP0340314B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1733—Decalcomanias applied under pressure only, e.g. provided with a pressure sensitive adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1712—Decalcomanias applied under heat and pressure, e.g. provided with a heat activable adhesive

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for decorating porcelain or the like according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the onglaze decoration is the application of decals to the already fired glaze.
  • these overglaze decorations are carried out at a considerably lower temperature than the glaze firing, so that the decorations on the glaze after the firing show a recognizable relief-like character.
  • the decorative firing temperature is only slightly or not at all below the glaze firing temperature so that the decorations can sink into the glaze.
  • the pictures are applied to the raw, hot or biscuit goods, then overmolded with the glaze and burned together with the glaze in a fire.
  • the decorative and glaze smooth firing take place simultaneously.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve the decoration techniques mentioned so that the disadvantages described in the picture quality are avoided. This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the paint film serving as a transfer film is therefore removed without residue before the decorative firing and thereby avoids the errors listed in the described decoration techniques.
  • the adhesive with which the decorative image is glued to the object to be decorated acts on the colors of the decor in such a way that they adhere very well to the substrate and, on the other hand, act on the transfer film in the mold. that this film can be removed mechanically after the drying time.
  • ELKASIV AL from ELKAP SARL has proven itself as such an adhesive.
  • Another significant advantage of the method according to the invention is not only the energy saving but also the relief of the environment from the combustion products of the transfer film.
  • Another advantage is that the transfer film can be reused due to its reversible solubility in recycling.
  • a biscuit made of vitro porcelain is first sprayed with a thin layer of ELKASIV AL.
  • the decorative image with the transfer film is then placed on this moist ELKASIV layer in such a way that the decorative image points downwards and the transfer film points upwards.
  • the adhesive only causes the decorative image to adhere more strongly to the biscuit than the transfer film.
  • the transfer film is separated from the decor image by compressed air at a pressure of 10 bar, without this being destroyed.
  • the broken glass is decorated with a Glaze covered and subjected to a common decor and glaze firing.
  • a decorative image with transfer film is placed on the cullet to be decorated as in Example 1. After a drying time of 15-100 minutes, preferably 45 minutes, and at a temperature of 40-100 ° C, preferably 60 ° C, and then cooling to room temperature, the transfer film is made using a water jet of 3-100 bar, preferably 80 bar , rinsed off. After removing the moisture film created by the water by means of doctor blades or by compressed air, the decorated biscuit is glazed and then, as in Example 1, the decor and glaze firing is carried out in one operation.
  • the transfer film is a reversibly soluble resin, e.g. Polyacrylate resins, these can be collected again after blowing off or spraying and sent to a recycling process.
  • a reversibly soluble resin e.g. Polyacrylate resins

Abstract

In the decoration of ceramics, a colour film is required as transfer film for the transfer of the decorative picture onto the object to be decorated both after the overglazing, the inglazing and the underglazing processes. Hitherto said colour film has remained on the object to be decorated so that it was burnt during graining. In this case, firing defects frequently occurred due to the destruction of the decorative picture. Additionally, the combustion residues constitute considerable environmental pollution. It is now proposed to stick the decorative picture with the transfer film on the object to be decorated by an adhesive, which reduces the adhesion of the transfer film on the decorative picture so that the transfer film can be blown off by means of compressed air after a drying time or rinsed off by means of a jet of water.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zum Dekorieren von Porzellan oder dergleichen nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention is based on a method for decorating porcelain or the like according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bei allen in der keramischen Industrie bekannten Dekora­tions-Verfahren mit Abziehbildern sind Aufglasur-, Inglasur- und Unterglasur-Dekorationen erfolgreich im Einsatz:All glaze, in-glaze and underglaze decorations are successfully used in all decorative processes with decals known in the ceramic industry:

Bei der Aufglasur-Dekoration handelt es sich um die Applikation von Abziehbildern auf die bereits gebrannte Glasur. In der Regel werden diese Aufglasur-Dekorationen bei erheblich niedri­ger Temperatur als der Glasurbrand durchgeführt, so daß die Dekore nach dem Dekorationsbrand auf der Glasur einen erkenn­bar reliefartigen Charakter zeigen.The onglaze decoration is the application of decals to the already fired glaze. As a rule, these overglaze decorations are carried out at a considerably lower temperature than the glaze firing, so that the decorations on the glaze after the firing show a recognizable relief-like character.

Bei der Inglasur-Dekoration werden Bilder auf die bereits gebrannte Glasur übertragen. Beim Einbrennen liegt aber die Dekorationsbrand-Temperatur nur geringfügig oder gar nicht unter der Glasurbrand-Temperatur, so daß die Dekore in die Glasur einsinken können.With the in-glaze decoration, images are transferred to the already fired glaze. When baking, however, the decorative firing temperature is only slightly or not at all below the glaze firing temperature so that the decorations can sink into the glaze.

Bei der Unterglasur-Dekoration werden die Bilder auf die Roh-, Glüh- oder Biskuitware appliziert, danach mit der Glasur über­spritzt und zusammen mit der Glasur in einem Feuer gebrannt. Der Dekor- und Glasurglattbrand erfolgen also gleichzeitig.In the underglaze decoration, the pictures are applied to the raw, hot or biscuit goods, then overmolded with the glaze and burned together with the glaze in a fire. The decorative and glaze smooth firing take place simultaneously.

Bei allen vorgenannten Verfahren hat es sich als nachteilig gezeigt, daß die als Übertragungsfolie dienende Lackfolie nach dem Dekorieren auf dem Gegenstand verbleibt und beim Dekorbrand verbrennen muß. Dieser Verbrennungsprozeß kann bei den genannten Dekorationstechniken zum unterschiedlichen Brennfehlern führen.In all of the aforementioned processes, it has been shown to be disadvantageous that the lacquer film which serves as a transfer film remains on the object after decorating and has to burn during the decorative firing. This combustion process can lead to different burning errors in the decoration techniques mentioned.

Das sind bei der AUFGLASUR-Dekoration z.B. Nadelstiche in den Dekorfarben, bei der INGLASUR-Dekoration Bläschenbildung der Glasur durch unerwünschte chemische Reaktionen der Lackfolie mit der Glasur und bei der UNTERGLASUR-Dekoration ein Abstoßen der Glasur, auch Glasurabrollen genannt.For the Glaze decoration, for example Pinpricks in the decorative colors, in the INGLASUR decoration bubbles in the glaze due to undesirable chemical reactions of the paint film with the glaze and in the UNDERGLASUR decoration a repelling of the glaze, also called glaze rolls.

Bei allen genannten Dekorations-Techniken stellen die beim Ein­brennen der Dekore entstehenden Zersetzungsprodukte eine Be­lastung für die Umwelt dar.With all the decoration techniques mentioned, the decomposition products that occur when the decorations are stoved on are a burden on the environment.

Ein weiterer Nachteil der gesamten Verfahren besteht darin, daß die Übertragungsfolie den Dekor aus Gründen der Applikations­technik erheblich überlappt. Durch diese Überlappung ist es aber nicht möglich, Farben dicht neben der Abziehbilder-Dekoration mit einem Pinsel Aufzutragen, da die Lackfolie zu Brennfehlern der mit dem Pinsel applizierten Farben führt.Another disadvantage of the entire process is that the transfer film significantly overlaps the decor for reasons of application technology. Due to this overlap, however, it is not possible to apply colors close to the decal decoration with a brush, since the lacquer film leads to burning errors in the colors applied with the brush.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die ge­nannten Dekorations-Techniken so zu verbessern , daß die geschil­derten Nachteile in der Bildqualität vermieden werden. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durchdie kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.The present invention has for its object to improve the decoration techniques mentioned so that the disadvantages described in the picture quality are avoided. This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Die als Übertragungsfolie dienende Lackfolie wird also vor dem Dekorbrand rückstandsfrei entfernt und vermeidet dadurch die bei den geschilderten Dekorations-Techniken aufgeführten Fehler.The paint film serving as a transfer film is therefore removed without residue before the decorative firing and thereby avoids the errors listed in the described decoration techniques.

Wesentlich für das erfindungsgemäß Verfahren ist, daß der Kleber, mit dem das Dekorbild auf den zu dekorierenden Gegen­stand aufgeklebt wird, so auf die Farben des Dekors einwirkt, daß diese eine sehr gute Haftung zum Untergrund erhalten und andererseits auf die Übertragungsfolie in der Form einwirkt, daß diese Folie nach der Trockenzeit mechanisch entfernt wer­den kann. Als ein derartiger Kleber hat sich ELKASIV AL von der Firma ELKAP SARL bewährt.It is essential for the method according to the invention that the adhesive with which the decorative image is glued to the object to be decorated acts on the colors of the decor in such a way that they adhere very well to the substrate and, on the other hand, act on the transfer film in the mold. that this film can be removed mechanically after the drying time. ELKASIV AL from ELKAP SARL has proven itself as such an adhesive.

Als weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Ver­fahrens ist neben der Energieersparnis auch die Entlastung der Umwelt vor den Verbrennungsprodukten der Übertragungsfolie zu nennen.Another significant advantage of the method according to the invention is not only the energy saving but also the relief of the environment from the combustion products of the transfer film.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß die Übertragungsfolie durch ihre reversible Löslichkeit im Recycling zur Wiederver­wendung kommen kann.Another advantage is that the transfer film can be reused due to its reversible solubility in recycling.

Beispiel 1example 1

Ein zu dekorierender Biskuit aus Vitroporzellan wird zunächst mit einer dünnen Schicht ELKASIV AL eingesprüht. Anschließend wird das Dekorbild mit der Übertragungsfolie darart auf diese feuchte ELKASIV-Schicht gelegt, daß das Dekorbild nach unten und die Übertragungsfolie nach oben weisen. Der Kleber bewirkt nur, daß das Dekorbild stärker an dem Biskuit haftet als die Übertragungsfolie. Nach einer Trockenzeit von 45 Minuten bei einer Temperatur von 55°C und danach Abkühlung auf 20-22°C wird die Übertragungsfolie durch Preßluft mit einem Druck von 10 bar vom Dekorbild getrennt, ohne daß dieses dabei zerstört wird. Abschließend wird der so dekorierte Scherben mit einer Glasur überzogen und einem gemeinsamen Dekor- und Glasurbrand unterworfen.A biscuit made of vitro porcelain is first sprayed with a thin layer of ELKASIV AL. The decorative image with the transfer film is then placed on this moist ELKASIV layer in such a way that the decorative image points downwards and the transfer film points upwards. The adhesive only causes the decorative image to adhere more strongly to the biscuit than the transfer film. After a drying time of 45 minutes at a temperature of 55 ° C and then cooling to 20-22 ° C, the transfer film is separated from the decor image by compressed air at a pressure of 10 bar, without this being destroyed. Finally, the broken glass is decorated with a Glaze covered and subjected to a common decor and glaze firing.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Auf den wie in Beispiel 1 zu dekorierenden Scherben wird ein Dekorbild mit Übertragungsfolie gelegt. Nach einer Trockenzeit von 15-100 Minuten, vorzugsweise 45 Minuten, und bei einer Temperatur von 40-100°C, vorzugsweise 60°C, und anschließender Abkühlung auf Raumtemperatur, wird die Übertragungsfolie mittels eines Wasserstrahles von 3-100 bar, vorzugsweise 80 bar, abge­spült. Nach Entfernung des durch das Wasser entstehenden Feuch­tigkeitsfilms mittels Rakeln oder durch Preßluft wird der de­korierte Biskuit glasiert und danach erfolgt, wie in Beispiel 1, der Dekor- und Glasurbrand in eine Arbeitsgang.A decorative image with transfer film is placed on the cullet to be decorated as in Example 1. After a drying time of 15-100 minutes, preferably 45 minutes, and at a temperature of 40-100 ° C, preferably 60 ° C, and then cooling to room temperature, the transfer film is made using a water jet of 3-100 bar, preferably 80 bar , rinsed off. After removing the moisture film created by the water by means of doctor blades or by compressed air, the decorated biscuit is glazed and then, as in Example 1, the decor and glaze firing is carried out in one operation.

Da es sich bei der Übertragungsfolie um reversibel lösliche Harze, z.B. Polyacrylatharze, handelt, können diese nach dem Abblasen oder Absprühen wieder gesammelt und einem Recycling­prozeß zugeführt werden.Since the transfer film is a reversibly soluble resin, e.g. Polyacrylate resins, these can be collected again after blowing off or spraying and sent to a recycling process.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zu Dekorieren von Porzellan, Steingut, Glas, Metall oder dergleichen mit einem Abziehbild aus einem Dekorbild und einer das Dekorbild überdeckenden Lackfolie als Übertragungs­folie, wobei das Dekorbild auf den zu dekorierenden Gegenstand mittels eines Klebers angeklebt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haftung der Übertragungsfolie an dem Dekorbild durch den Kleber herabgesetzt wird und die Übertragungsfolie nach einer Trockenzeit von 15-100 Minuten, vorzugsweise 45 Mi­nuten, bei einer Temperatur von 40-100°C, vorzugsweise 55°C, und anschließender Abkühlung auf Raumtemperatur mittels Preß­luft abgeblasen oder mittels eines Wasserstrahles abgespült wird.1. A method of decorating porcelain, earthenware, glass, metal or the like with a decal from a decorative image and a paint film covering the decorative image as a transfer film, the decorative image being glued to the object to be decorated by means of an adhesive, characterized in that the liability the transfer film on the decorative image is reduced by the adhesive and after a drying time of 15-100 minutes, preferably 45 minutes, at a temperature of 40-100 ° C., preferably 55 ° C., and then cooling to room temperature, the transfer film is blown off by means of compressed air or is rinsed off with a water jet. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Preßluft zur Trennung der Übertragungsfolie vom Dekorbild einen Druck von 5-50 bar, vorzugsweise 10 bar, oder der Wasserstrahl zur Trennung der Übertragsfolie vom Dekorbild einen Druck von 3-100 bar, vorzugsweise 80 bar, aufweist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed air for separating the transfer film from the decorative image a pressure of 5-50 bar, preferably 10 bar, or the water jet for separating the transfer film from the decorative image a pressure of 3-100 bar, preferably 80 bar. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kleber ein organisches Lösemittel enthält, welches den Dekor anlöst, die Übertragungsfolie von dem Lösemittel aber nicht oder nur sehr geringfügig angelöst wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adhesive contains an organic solvent which dissolves the decor, but the transfer film is not or only slightly dissolved by the solvent. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Kleber ELKASIV AL verwendet wird.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that ELKASIV AL is used as the adhesive.
EP88106963A 1988-04-30 1988-04-30 Process for decorating porcelain, ceramics, glass or the like by means of transfers which can be fired Expired - Lifetime EP0340314B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES198888106963T ES2030784T3 (en) 1988-04-30 1988-04-30 PROCEDURE FOR DECORATING PORCELAIN, CERAMIC, GLASS OR SIMILAR WITH CERAMIC DECALS.
DE8888106963T DE3869125D1 (en) 1988-04-30 1988-04-30 METHOD FOR DECORATING PORCELAIN, CERAMIC, GLASS OR THE LIKE, WITH BURNING-IN DECALS.
EP88106963A EP0340314B1 (en) 1988-04-30 1988-04-30 Process for decorating porcelain, ceramics, glass or the like by means of transfers which can be fired
AT88106963T ATE73399T1 (en) 1988-04-30 1988-04-30 METHOD OF DECORATING PORCELAIN, CERAMIC, GLASS OR THE LIKE WITH FIRING TRANSFERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88106963A EP0340314B1 (en) 1988-04-30 1988-04-30 Process for decorating porcelain, ceramics, glass or the like by means of transfers which can be fired

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0340314A1 true EP0340314A1 (en) 1989-11-08
EP0340314B1 EP0340314B1 (en) 1992-03-11

Family

ID=8198933

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88106963A Expired - Lifetime EP0340314B1 (en) 1988-04-30 1988-04-30 Process for decorating porcelain, ceramics, glass or the like by means of transfers which can be fired

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0340314B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE73399T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3869125D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2030784T3 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4291C (en) * GESELLSCHAFT LAVA, LAFOY & COTTAIS in Paris Process for making decals
DE1947906A1 (en) * 1968-09-23 1970-04-02 Letraset International Ltd Process for the production of decorated ceramic goods
GB1339677A (en) * 1972-03-02 1973-12-05 Interpace Corp Decorating ceramic and glassware
US4490410A (en) * 1983-05-20 1984-12-25 Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd. Method of affixing a decorative pattern to a stock or a molded component

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4291C (en) * GESELLSCHAFT LAVA, LAFOY & COTTAIS in Paris Process for making decals
DE1947906A1 (en) * 1968-09-23 1970-04-02 Letraset International Ltd Process for the production of decorated ceramic goods
GB1339677A (en) * 1972-03-02 1973-12-05 Interpace Corp Decorating ceramic and glassware
US4490410A (en) * 1983-05-20 1984-12-25 Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd. Method of affixing a decorative pattern to a stock or a molded component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3869125D1 (en) 1992-04-16
ATE73399T1 (en) 1992-03-15
EP0340314B1 (en) 1992-03-11
ES2030784T3 (en) 1992-11-16

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