Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
  • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
  • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
  • D21D1/30—Disc mills
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
  • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
  • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
  • D21D1/30—Disc mills
  • D21D1/303—Double disc mills

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a refiner, preferably a disc or conical refiner, with two opposed, closely adjacent bodies, whereof one at least, the so-called rotor, rotates, and which are provided with blades, the material to be refined being ground in the grinding gap between them and releases steam, said material to be refined being fed into the refiner substantially in the direction of the central axis of the blades.
• a refiner preferably a disc or conical refiner, with two opposed, closely adjacent bodies, whereof one at least, the so-called rotor, rotates, and which are provided with blades, the material to be refined being ground in the grinding gap between them and releases steam, said material to be refined being fed into the refiner substantially in the direction of the central axis of the blades.
• Dispersing of a fibreous substance, for instance wood chips, to become fibres fit for use i n paper manufacturing may be accomplished mechanically with a refiner, examples of such being a disc refiner and a conical refiner.
• This so-called defibration is accomplished in that the chips are introduced into the refiner, whereto the material passes through between two opposed grinding blades.
• the surfaces of the blades are full of grooves and elongated eminences, teeth, and at least one of the blades rotates, whereby the material is powerfully worked while passing through between the blades, and it is dispersed up to single fibre consistency.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a refiner in which not only steam removal works properly but the more perfectly ground material travels together with the steam out from the blade gap and thereby reduces excessive refining.
• Said aim is implemented in the refiner of the invention, which is characterized in that the grinding gap comprises a sorting zone in which the more completely ground fraction of the material to be refined, and part of the steam, are separated from the less completely ground fraction.
• An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the sorting zone is located, in the radial direction of the blades, substantially at their centre, and that the sorting zone is substantially annular.
• Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in the stationary body, i n the so-called stator, is provided a substantially annular aperture close to the sorting zone, through which said removal of the more completely ground fraction and of the steam takes place.
• the sorting zone comprises a projecting, substantially annular member formed on the rotor, which extends into an annular aperture in the stator, whereby an exit passage for the more completely ground material and for the steam is defined between the annular member and the annular aperture.
• One more advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the mutually opposed surfaces of the annular member on the rotor and the mating aperture in the stator are fitted with blades.
• the exit apertures are not susceptible to blocking and that the quantity of escaping steam and more completely ground material may easily be controlled.
• the pressure in the removal chambers for the constituents passing by different routes can similarly be controlled, independent of each other.
• Fig. 1 presents a vertical section of a disc refiner according to an embodiment of the invention.
• Fig. 2 presents a vertical section of a disc refiner according to another embodiment of the invention.
• Fig. 3 presents a vertical section of a disc refiner according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• Fig. 1 a disc refiner comprising a stationary body 1, or stator, and a rotating body 2, or rotor.
• the stator 1 and rotor 2 are on their mutually opposed surfaces provided with a stator blade 4,8 and a rotor blade 5,9.
• matter to be refined such as wood chips
• the material to be refined proceeds, to begin with, between the stator blade 4 and the rotor blade 5, whereat part of the material is ground to the desired degree of fineness, and steam is produced at the same time.
• the refiner of the invention is provided with a sorting zone which in the embodiment of Fig. 1 consists of an annular, projecting member 6 attached to the rotor 1 and of a likewise annular aperture established for it in the stator 2 and extending into the stator chamber 3. While the annular member 6 is projecting, it also extends obliquely inwards towards the central axis of the refiner.
• the surfaces facing each other of the annular member 6 attached to the rotor 1 and of the mating aperture formed in the stator 2 are provided with blades 10,11. At this point, however, the blade gap is larger than in the grinding gap proper between the blades 4,5 and 8,9.
• the annular member is provided with numerous radial apertures 7 extending therethrough.
• Fig. 2 is presented another embodiment of the invention, in which the stator 1 is located on both sides of the rotor 2.
• the stator is provided with blades 16,17.
• the rotor in turn is provided with blades 18,19,20.
• the rotor shaft is indicated by reference numeral 21.
• the feed tube for material to be refined is indicated with reference numeral 3.
• the removal chamber for refined material in turn carries the reference numeral 12, as in the preceding figure.
• Between the refiner blades 22 and 23 are defined grinding gaps 22,23,24. Between the grinding gaps 22 and 23 is located a sorting space 25, from which several passages 26 depart through the rotor 2, and which terminate in an annular space 27.
• the operation of the refiner of Fig. 2 is as follows.
• the material to be refined is fed from the tube 3 into the grinding gap 22.
• the material contains fine-ground material and coarse, less finely ground material.
• From the gap 22 also a strong steam flow discharges because the powerful grinding evaporates a great part Df the water contained i n the material to be ground.
• Centrifugal force feeds material from the space 25 into the gap 23, where the material is more completely ground.
• the grinding gap 23 is so shaped that its initial part is spacious, i.e., material is admitted into the gap, while the ultimate part is very narrow.
• the steam produced in the gap 23 discharges into the space 25, and thence further through the passages 26 into the space 27, and through the grinding gap 24 into the removal chamber 12, because the gap 24 is short in comparison with the gap 23, and has no narrow portion like that in the gap 23.
• This steam flow transports the fines along with itself from the initial part of the gap 23, and from the space 25 through the gap 24 into the removal chamber 12.
• the coarse material remains in the initial part of the gap 23 by centrifugal action (the passages 26 also run against the centrifugal force) until it is finely ground and then is removed, entrained with the steam.
• Fig. 3 is presented one more embodiment of disc refiner employing a sorting zone.
• the stator of the refiner is indicated by reference numeral 28, and the stator blades with 29,30,31 and 32.
• the rotor is indicated by reference numeral 33 and its shaft by numeral 34.
• the front bearing of the shaft is indicated by numeral 35 and the packing, by 36.
• Material to be ground is fed through the feed tube 37.
• the removal chamber for refined material carries the reference numeral 38.
• the rotor 33 is provided with apertures 39 extending therethrough.
• the grinding gaps are indicated by reference numerals 40,41,42 and 43. In the initial part of the grinding gaps 42, in register with the apertures 39, is defined a sorting space 44, communicating with the space 45 through the apertures 39. From the sorting space 44 departs a sorting and transport gap 46, terminating in an annular space 47.
• the walls of the gap 46 present eminences 48 and 49.
• the operation of the refiner depicted in Fig. 3 is as follows.
• the material to be refined is fed through the tube 37 into the grinding gap 40 whence it discharges into the space 45 in partly ground condition.
• the apertures 39 are short and wide, whereby material is immediately also supplied into the spaces 44. From the spaces 44 and 45, centrifugal force feeds material into the grinding gaps 41 and 42, and which operate in like manner as the gap 23 in Fig. 2. It is thus understood that the steam produced in the gaps 40, 41 and 42 discharges through the wide sorting gap 46 into the space 47, and through the low-resistance grinding gap 43 into the removal chamber 38. Along with the steam, the finely ground material is removed, like in Fig. 1.
• the gap 46 operates more efficiently than the passages 26 depicted in Fig. 2 because its walls are in motion relative to each other.
• the gap 46 may therefore be made considerably narrower without incurring risk of blockage, whereby high velocity and transporting effect of the steam is achieved.
• Departure of the coarse fraction may in addition prevented by means of eminences 48 and 49.
• the ultimate part of the grinding gaps 41 and 42 may be almost totally dammed by the alternative implementation depicted in the bottom part of the figure, i n which the removal chamber is made to be very narrow at said gaps.
• teeth may be provided on the outer margin of the disc, at the point 50, which comminute such material which has already entered the chamber and mix it so that it ends up back in the gap and i n sorting.

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• 1986
  • 1986-10-31 FI FI864442A patent/FI75000C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1987
  • 1987-10-28 AU AU81550/87A patent/AU599722B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1987-10-28 JP JP50647987A patent/JPH02500604A/ja active Pending
  • 1987-10-28 WO PCT/FI1987/000142 patent/WO1988003189A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-10-28 EP EP19870907111 patent/EP0335870A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1987-10-30 NZ NZ22236687A patent/NZ222366A/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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