EP0334803A1 - Verfahren zum Abkühlen von Hohlkörpern - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Abkühlen von Hohlkörpern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0334803A1
EP0334803A1 EP89730075A EP89730075A EP0334803A1 EP 0334803 A1 EP0334803 A1 EP 0334803A1 EP 89730075 A EP89730075 A EP 89730075A EP 89730075 A EP89730075 A EP 89730075A EP 0334803 A1 EP0334803 A1 EP 0334803A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
coolant
temperature
water
hollow body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89730075A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Hofmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vodafone GmbH
Original Assignee
Mannesmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann AG filed Critical Mannesmann AG
Publication of EP0334803A1 publication Critical patent/EP0334803A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cooling hollow bodies (pipes or containers) made of steel as part of a heat treatment according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • DE-OS 20 40 610 for example, it is proposed to inject small amounts of water into a high-speed air stream in order to achieve rapid and extremely effective cooling and to spray the atomizing jet formed onto the surface of the object to be cooled at high speed. This leads to a much more abrupt cooling than water bath cooling.
  • DE-OS 30 37 639 discloses a method for quenching steel workpieces in an oil bath, in which more intensive cooling is to be achieved by temporarily swirling the coolant bath during film evaporation.
  • the cause lies in the constantly changing heat transfer conditions, which are a function of the surface temperature and the temperature gradient in the workpiece. If, for example, workpieces made of the same material but with different wall thicknesses are cooled in the same cooling medium using the same cooling method, the technological properties of the treated workpieces often differ. It is easy to see that with different wall thicknesses, not only as a result of the different thermal resistance of the workpiece walls but also as a result of the different temperature gradients, different cooling rates occur and therefore cause different microstructures. This situation has not been given sufficient attention in known cooling processes, but has been accepted as unchangeable.
  • coolant that is to say whether a material is to be cooled in water, oil, in air or in similar coolants.
  • quenching in oil is prescribed for a number of steels in order to achieve the desired microstructure.
  • An example of such a regulation is the VDTÜV material sheet no. 431 (issue 3/88). Accordingly, these materials are also referred to as "oil-hardening steels". Quenching by immersing the heated workpieces made of such materials in water would result in a too abrupt cooling, which would be associated with the formation of cracks (hard cracks) in the workpiece surface.
  • cooling medium water Compared to water as a cooling medium, oil, for example, requires considerably more effort in terms of system technology, operation, maintenance and disposal of the coolant devices, especially since both the oil itself and the vapors and combustion products generated during operation can be environmentally harmful.
  • the cooling medium water does not pose such problems.
  • the basis of the invention is the knowledge that even with cooling media which have a higher cooling intensity than oil from the outset, that is to say, in particular when using water as a coolant, a throttled cooling effect is possible if the coolant supply is restricted in a suitable manner. It is not only important to bring the specific amount of coolant, i.e. the amount of coolant to be applied per unit of time to the surface area of the surface of the hollow body to be cooled, to a sufficiently low value, but this throttling of the specific amount of coolant must also be set in good time, since at the beginning of the cooling process many times abrupt quenching is desired. It should be noted that the heat transfer coefficient increases drastically in the area of the suffering frost temperature at which the coolant begins to wet the surface of the hollow body to be cooled.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by the controlled step-by-step or, if appropriate, continuous reduction of the coolant exposure during the cooling process. Not only does it avoid hardening cracks in oil-hardening steels, it is also inexpensive to use, since it mainly works with water - possibly in conjunction with compressed air. It is preferably suitable to replace the oil cooling and also offers the possibility of increasing the cooling intensity. This means that materials that have previously cooled somewhat too slowly in oil can be better utilized, i.e. with unchanged composition can be provided with better technological properties, so that the expensive development of new materials is sometimes superfluous.
  • the proposed cooling process With the proposed cooling process, the z.
  • known heat treatment materials can be better utilized because the cooling speeds necessary for optimal microstructure formation can be precisely specified and practically implemented.
  • the proposed cooling process enables uniform cooling speeds without sudden and uncontrollable fluctuations. An increase in the cooling rate when a certain temperature is reached, for example during a phase change or in particular at the Leiden freezing temperature, can be prevented. Due to the constant adaptation of the specific quantity of coolant to the current surface temperature for a given wall thickness, the proposed cooling method offers the possibility of setting and maintaining any desired cooling intensity and, in particular, of using water as the coolant.
  • the process is characterized by the constant controlled reduction of coolant exposure during the cooling process.
  • the influencing of the coolant supply during the cooling process can also be carried out in the sense of a control loop, the electronic control system being given a time-dependent target profile of the surface temperature of the hollow body to be cooled.
  • the default values depend on the material. In this case, sensors for temperature measurement must be provided in the quenching system and connected to the electronic control. This enables the control system to automatically find the setting values for the control and shut-off valves of the cooling systems and to change them over time in accordance with the desired cooling process.
  • Hollow bodies e.g. steel tube 1 which are heated via a roller conveyor system 2 can be transported in the axial direction (possibly also rotating and / or reversing) within a housing 3.
  • Several coolant supply systems 4, 5, 6 are arranged at a distance from one another in a ring around the hollow body axis.
  • the coolant supply systems 4, 5, 6 are equipped with individual spray nozzles, the aperture of which is selected differently in order to to be able to apply very large and small quantities to the hollow body to be cooled. Due to the control and shut-off valves (motor valve 10, solenoid valve 11) arranged in the coolant supply lines, the amount of coolant in each ring spray nozzle system 4, 5, 6 can be varied or completely interrupted within the control range.
  • the control of the valves 10, 11 takes place via the control lines 9 emanating from the electronic control device 8 (eg process computer).
  • the control device 8 can be controlled via the input / output unit 12 with control programs and technological data 13 for the description of the desired cooling process and the ones to be treated Hollow body 1 are supplied.
  • a temperature sensor 7 for determining the surface temperature of the hollow body 1 is arranged within the housing 3 and is connected to the process computer 8 for control purposes.
  • the figure does not show that the drives for the conveyor system 2 can also be controlled by the process computer 8 in order to set the transport speed and / or to change the transport direction for a reversing operation.
  • the operation of the system shown, in which water is used as the coolant, is carried out in such a way that the hollow body provided for the heat treatment, e.g. Coming from a furnace with the roller conveyor 2 coming from the right into the cooling system and entering the free annular surface of the coolant supply systems 4, 5, 6.
  • the coolant supply systems 4, 5, 6 in the first cooling phase are e.g. all operated together at full power while the hollow body 1 moves through the injection planes of the systems 4, 5, 6. If necessary, several passes are reversed until a reduction in the specific coolant supply is necessary.
  • the time for this is either fixed (control) or is determined during the cooling process by means of a temperature measurement (control).
  • coolant supply is throttled while the hollow body is continuously being moved, and the most powerful cooling systems can be switched off completely if necessary.
  • coolant supply systems can be provided which, e.g. Spray or inflate air / water mixtures or only compressed air or an inert compressed gas onto the cooling zone.
  • cooling water of 15 ° C is used in the initial phase of cooling
  • cooling water of 50-80 ° C for example, can be used before the Leidenfrost temperature is reached.
  • the Leidenfrost temperature shifts to lower values, so that by maintaining the film evaporation, a milder cooling is ensured than with the bubble evaporation that would otherwise occur.
  • the waste heat of the hollow bodies to be cooled is expediently used to heat the coolant.
  • the electronically controlled switchover to different coolant supply systems ensures, with the controllability of the coolant flow, the achievement of any cooling intensities that correspond to those of oil or are even milder.
  • a single powerful cooling system e.g. can work on the basis of a laminar water curtain, work is carried out, and it is gradually switched to less powerful cooling systems.
  • cooling conditions can be set in any way which correspond to or are even milder than those of oil baths without being expensive or problematic Cooling media must be used. Rather, water and water / air mixtures can be used cheaply and in an environmentally friendly manner.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
EP89730075A 1988-03-18 1989-03-17 Verfahren zum Abkühlen von Hohlkörpern Withdrawn EP0334803A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3809645 1988-03-18
DE19883809645 DE3809645A1 (de) 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Verfahren zum abkuehlen von hohlkoerpern

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0334803A1 true EP0334803A1 (de) 1989-09-27

Family

ID=6350395

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89730075A Withdrawn EP0334803A1 (de) 1988-03-18 1989-03-17 Verfahren zum Abkühlen von Hohlkörpern

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0334803A1 (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
DE (1) DE3809645A1 (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998042885A1 (en) * 1997-03-25 1998-10-01 Aluminum Company Of America Process for quenching heat treatable metal alloys
CN103146901A (zh) * 2013-03-27 2013-06-12 湖北新冶钢有限公司 钢管水淬方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3929829A1 (de) * 1988-03-18 1991-03-07 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zum abkuehlen eines zylindrischen hohlkoerpers
DE102008020794B4 (de) 2008-02-04 2018-03-29 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zum Laserhärten von Stahlwerkstücken und dazugehörige Laserhärteanlage
DE102019205724A1 (de) 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 Sms Group Gmbh Kühlvorrichtung für nahtlose Stahlrohre

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1508432A1 (de) * 1966-08-18 1969-10-23 Olin Mathieson Vorrichtung zur Schnellabschreckung von Metallblechen oder -streifen
US3533261A (en) * 1967-06-15 1970-10-13 Frans Hollander Method and a device for cooling hot-rolled metal strip on a run-out table after being rolled
EP0049339A1 (de) * 1980-10-04 1982-04-14 Joachim Dr.-Ing. Wünning Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Werkstücken aus Stahl in einem Flüssigkeitsbad, insbesondere Ölbad
GB2098631A (en) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-24 Asea Ab A cooling device
FR2571384A1 (fr) * 1984-10-09 1986-04-11 Bertin & Cie Procede de trempe au defile de toles d'un metal tel que l'acier et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA936076A (en) * 1969-12-01 1973-10-30 Kunioka Kazuo Method and apparatus for cooling steel materials
DE2908303A1 (de) * 1979-03-03 1980-09-18 Basf Ag Verwendung von vernetzten, carboxylgruppen enthaltenden copolymerisaten als mittel fuer das vergueten metallischer werkstoffe
US4412752A (en) * 1981-09-21 1983-11-01 International Harvester Co. Method and apparatus for determining the cooling characteristics of a quenching medium

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1508432A1 (de) * 1966-08-18 1969-10-23 Olin Mathieson Vorrichtung zur Schnellabschreckung von Metallblechen oder -streifen
US3533261A (en) * 1967-06-15 1970-10-13 Frans Hollander Method and a device for cooling hot-rolled metal strip on a run-out table after being rolled
EP0049339A1 (de) * 1980-10-04 1982-04-14 Joachim Dr.-Ing. Wünning Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Werkstücken aus Stahl in einem Flüssigkeitsbad, insbesondere Ölbad
GB2098631A (en) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-24 Asea Ab A cooling device
FR2571384A1 (fr) * 1984-10-09 1986-04-11 Bertin & Cie Procede de trempe au defile de toles d'un metal tel que l'acier et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
METAL SCIENCE AND HEAT TREATMENT, Band 19, Nr. 1/2, 2. Januar 1977, Seiten 117-120; N.V. ZIMIN: "Use of controlled spray cooling for quenched steels" *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 10, Nr. 43 (C-329)[2100], 20. Februar 1986; & JP-A-60 190 524 (SUMITOMO KINZOKU KOGYO K.K.) 28-09-1985 *
STAHL & EISEN, Band 107, Nr. 6, 23. März 1987, Seiten 251-258, Düsseldorf, DE; R. JESCHAR et al.: "Kühltechniken zur thermischen Behandlung von Werkstoffen" *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998042885A1 (en) * 1997-03-25 1998-10-01 Aluminum Company Of America Process for quenching heat treatable metal alloys
US6368430B1 (en) 1997-03-25 2002-04-09 Alcoa Inc. Process for quenching heat treatable metal alloys
CN103146901A (zh) * 2013-03-27 2013-06-12 湖北新冶钢有限公司 钢管水淬方法
CN103146901B (zh) * 2013-03-27 2015-11-18 湖北新冶钢有限公司 钢管水淬方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3809645A1 (de) 1989-09-28
DE3809645C2 (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png) 1990-09-20

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