EP0332898A1 - Wind shield for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Wind shield for motor vehicles Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0332898A1
EP0332898A1 EP89103269A EP89103269A EP0332898A1 EP 0332898 A1 EP0332898 A1 EP 0332898A1 EP 89103269 A EP89103269 A EP 89103269A EP 89103269 A EP89103269 A EP 89103269A EP 0332898 A1 EP0332898 A1 EP 0332898A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slot
viewing window
busbars
coaxial cable
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89103269A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0332898B1 (en
Inventor
Hubert Becker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Blaupunkt Werke GmbH
Original Assignee
Blaupunkt Werke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Blaupunkt Werke GmbH filed Critical Blaupunkt Werke GmbH
Publication of EP0332898A1 publication Critical patent/EP0332898A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0332898B1 publication Critical patent/EP0332898B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1278—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens in association with heating wires or layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/16—Folded slot antennas

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of heatable viewing windows for vehicles which also carry antennas for mobile radio reception.
  • the invention thus also belongs to the field of disc antennas.
  • Heated viewing panels with antennas are e.g. B. known from DEAS 23 60 672.
  • a conductor system is arranged on these known viewing windows for motor vehicles, which also performs heating functions and antenna functions.
  • electrical resistance elements are arranged between current-carrying busbars, one of which is located near the upper, the other near the lower edge of the pane, while the heating wires run vertically between the busbars.
  • One of the two busbars is divided into two parts and the two parts are capacitively coupled to a receiver at their adjacent ends via feed lines.
  • the two parts of the busbar and any extensions attached to them form an FM antenna.
  • the FM antenna is tuned by theoretical calculation of the length of the extensions and subsequent corrections based on measurements.
  • antennas which are sensitive in the FM range, as well as those for the AM radio range can be integrated into vaporized viewing panes if the covering is designed in accordance with the features of claim 1 and is connected to the receiver.
  • a lens 1 is shown for a vehicle, the outline of which is intended as a rear or front window.
  • This lens is vapor-coated in a known manner with a highly conductive metal coating, so that the metal coating can be regarded as low-resistance.
  • a slot 2 of sufficient length and small width is cut out at a distance a from the one edge of the steamed surface, essentially parallel to it.
  • the heating current is supplied via the edges 5, 6 of the vaporized surface, which lie opposite the slot ends 3, 4.
  • the edges of the metal covering can even form busbars 7, 8 for the power supply. These busbars can also be designed separately.
  • the slot ends 3, 4 also maintain a distance a from the busbar.
  • the slot ends 3, 4 can also be angled with respect to the central region 9 and guided parallel to the busbars 7, 8 in order to achieve a greater slot length.
  • the length of the slot should correspond approximately to the electrical value ⁇ / 2 in the FM range. The length therefore depends on the dielectric constant ⁇ r of the glass of the lens.
  • the width of the slot can be kept very small compared to half the wavelength ⁇ / 2, while the distance a is chosen to be small compared to half the wavelength ⁇ / 2.
  • the value of the constant ⁇ r should expediently be chosen such that the slot ends do not have to be angled in order to tune the slot antenna to the value on the order of ⁇ / 2 in the FM range. Because an angling of the slot ends may affect the flow of the heating current, so that an unheated zone can form between the angled ends.
  • the center of the upper edge at 10 of the slot 2 is connected to the inner conductor 12 of a coaxial cable, while the center of the lower edge at 11 is connected to the chassis via a capacitance 15, which is a short-circuit for FM Lens surrounds.
  • the outer conductor 13 of the coaxial cable is also connected to this chassis.
  • FIG. 2 shows a slot antenna whose electrical length ⁇ / 4 is in the FM range.
  • the base point 21 ends in a circumferential free space 22.
  • the slot 20 extends essentially in the flow direction of the heating current, which closes and closes from the left and right viewing window edges 23, 24. is dissipated.
  • the two slot edges are connected at the base point by means of a transformer 25 which connects to the inner conductor 26 of a coaxial cable, the outer conductor 27 of which is again connected to the chassis.
  • the transmitter 25 Since the vaporized area is surrounded here by a circumferential free space 22, the transmitter 25 also transmits the signals of the AM radio range via the coaxial cable.
  • a circumferential free space 32 the length of which has the electrical value ⁇ in the VHF range, is left between the circumferential edge 31 of the viewing window 30 and the vapor-coated surface. If the inner conductor 33 of a coaxial cable is connected to the vaporized surface, a sufficient signal can be obtained from it for both an FM and an AM receiver.
  • the free space 32 acts as a slot antenna, since the metallic chassis edge for the vehicle window, which is indicated at 34, surrounds the lens 30 on the outside.
  • the vaporized area serves as a conductor.
  • FIG. 4 shows the connection of the upper edge 41 of the slot 40 to a coaxial cable via an interposed strip line 42.
  • a T-shaped structure is left in the vapor-coated surface.
  • the strip line 42 is passed between the two edges 43, 44 of the vertical T-leg and, as FIG. 4a shows more clearly, is connected to the inner conductor 45 of the coaxial cable 46 at the lower end of the viewing window.
  • the vertical slot is covered with a metallized insulating layer 47 which, together with the edges 43, 44, forms a capacitive coupling for the ring alternating current around the slot antenna.
  • the outward-facing metallization on the insulating layer 47 is connected at 48 to the chassis, to which the outer conductor 49 of the coaxial cable 46 is also connected.
  • edges 43, 44 can also serve as a busbar for supplying the heating current.
  • chokes 52, 53 which are effective in the AM area must then be included, which are expediently wound on a common ring core 54.
  • FIG. 5 shows an improved embodiment of the slot antenna according to FIG. 1.
  • a distance h from the slot 55 known from FIG. 1 there is a second slot 56, which corresponds approximately in length and width to the first slot 55.
  • An antenna gain in the horizontal can thereby be achieved.
  • the length of the slot 56 and the distance h from the slot 55 go into the size of the antenna gain and the directivity of the antenna and must be chosen in accordance with the circumstances.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

A windscreen for vehicles is described, having a metallic vapour deposit for screen heating and a slot antenna. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung gehört zum Bereich der heizbaren Sichtscheiben für Fahrzeuge, die zugleich Antennen für den mobilen Funkempfang tra­gen.The invention belongs to the field of heatable viewing windows for vehicles which also carry antennas for mobile radio reception.

Die Erfindung gehört damit auch zum Gebiet der Scheibenantennen. Heizbare Sichtscheiben mit Antennen sind z. B. aus der DEAS 23 60 672 bekannt. Auf diesen bekannten Sichtscheiben für Kraftfahrzeuge ist ein Leitersystem angeordnet, das zugleich Heizfunktionen und Anten­nenfunktionen übernimmt. Bei dieser Sichtscheibe sind elektrische Widerstandselemente zwischen stromführenden Sammelschienen angeordnet, von denen eine in der Nähe des oberen, die andere in der Nähe des unteren Scheibenrandes angebracht sind, während die Heizdrähte verti­kal zwischen den Sammelschienen verlaufen. Die eine der beiden Sammel­schienen ist in zwei Teile geteilt und die beiden Teile sind an ihren benachbarten Enden über Zuleitungen kapazitiv an einen Empfänger ge­koppelt. Die beiden Teile der Sammelschiene und daran gegebenenfalls angebrachte Verlängerungen bilden eine UKW-Antenne. Die Abstimmung der UKW-Antenne erfolgt durch theoretische Berechnung der Länge der Verlängerungen und sich daran anschließende Korrekturen aufgrund von Messungen.The invention thus also belongs to the field of disc antennas. Heated viewing panels with antennas are e.g. B. known from DEAS 23 60 672. A conductor system is arranged on these known viewing windows for motor vehicles, which also performs heating functions and antenna functions. In this lens, electrical resistance elements are arranged between current-carrying busbars, one of which is located near the upper, the other near the lower edge of the pane, while the heating wires run vertically between the busbars. One of the two busbars is divided into two parts and the two parts are capacitively coupled to a receiver at their adjacent ends via feed lines. The two parts of the busbar and any extensions attached to them form an FM antenna. The FM antenna is tuned by theoretical calculation of the length of the extensions and subsequent corrections based on measurements.

Seit einiger Zeit sind Sichtscheiben für Fahrzeuge im Gespräch, die über die ganze Fläche mit Gold oder einem anderen leitfähigem Metall bedampft sind. Dieser Metallbelag soll auch zur Scheibenheizung her­angezogen werden. Dazu werden z. B. an zwei gegenüberliegenden Scheibenrändern Sammelschienen für die Heizzustromzufuhr angeordnet. Keine der Sammelschienen eignet sich wegen des sich anschließenden Metallbelages als UKW-Antenne.For some time now, windows have been under discussion for vehicles that are covered with gold or another conductive metal over the entire surface. This metal coating should also be used for heating the windows. For this z. B. arranged on two opposite disc edges busbars for the heating supply. None of the busbars is suitable as an FM antenna because of the metal covering that follows.

In bedampfte Sichtscheiben lassen sich jedoch Antennen integrieren, die im UKW-Bereich empfindlich sind, wie auch solche für den AM-­Rundfunkbereich, wenn der Belag entsprechend den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 ausgebildet und an dem Empfänger angeschlossen ist.However, antennas which are sensitive in the FM range, as well as those for the AM radio range, can be integrated into vaporized viewing panes if the covering is designed in accordance with the features of claim 1 and is connected to the receiver.

Anhand der Zeichnung werden drei Ausführungsbeispiele der erfin­dungsgemäß ausgebildeten Sichtscheibe näher erläutert.Three exemplary embodiments of the viewing window designed according to the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • - Figur 1 eine Sichtscheibe mit einer λ/2 Schlitzantenne, die über ein Koaxialkabel an den Empfänger angeschlossen ist,
  • - Figur 2 eine Sichtscheibe mit einer λ/4 Schlitzantenne,
  • - Figur 3 eine Sichtscheibe mit einer λ Schlitzantenne
  • - Figur 4 eine Sichtscheibe mit Anschluß der Schlitzantenne über einen Streifenleiter an ein Koaxialkabel,
  • - Figur 5 eine Sichtscheibe mit Schlitzantenne und Reflektor.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a viewing window with a λ / 2 slot antenna which is connected to the receiver via a coaxial cable,
  • FIG. 2 shows a viewing window with a λ / 4 slot antenna,
  • - Figure 3 is a viewing window with a λ slot antenna
  • 4 shows a viewing window with connection of the slot antenna via a strip conductor to a coaxial cable,
  • - Figure 5 is a viewing window with slot antenna and reflector.

In Figur 1 ist eine Sichtscheibe 1 für ein Fahrzeug dargestellt, die ihrem Umriß nach als Heck- oder Frontscheibe gedacht ist. Diese Sichtscheibe ist in bekannter Weise mit einem gutleitenden Metallbelag bedampft, so daß der Metallbelag als niederohmig anzu­sehen ist.In Figure 1, a lens 1 is shown for a vehicle, the outline of which is intended as a rear or front window. This lens is vapor-coated in a known manner with a highly conductive metal coating, so that the metal coating can be regarded as low-resistance.

Es ist bekannt, diesen Metallbelag zur Scheibenheizung zu verwenden. Daneben behindern diese getönten Scheiben die Sonneneinstrahlung, aber auch den Einblick in das Fahrzeug. Diese Eigenschaften der be­dampften Sichtscheibe sind hier aber von untergeordneter Bedeutung.It is known to use this metal coating for heating the windows. In addition, these tinted windows hinder the sun's rays, but also the view into the vehicle. However, these properties of the steamed lens are of minor importance.

Bei der Bedampfung der Sichtscheibe ist ein Schlitz 2 ausreichender Länge und geringer Breite in einem Abstand a von der einen Kante der bedampften Fläche im wesentlichen parallel zu dieser ausgespart. Die Stromzuführung des Heizstroms erfolgt über die Kanten 5, 6 der bedampften Fläche, die den Schlitzenden 3, 4 gegenüberliegen. Die Kanten des Metallbelages können dabei selbst Sammelschienen 7, 8 für die Stromzufuhr bilden. Diese Sammelschienen können aber auch geson­dert ausgeführt sein. Die Schlitzenden 3, 4 halten ebenfalls einen Abstand a von der Sammelschiene ein.When the viewing window is steamed, a slot 2 of sufficient length and small width is cut out at a distance a from the one edge of the steamed surface, essentially parallel to it. The heating current is supplied via the edges 5, 6 of the vaporized surface, which lie opposite the slot ends 3, 4. The edges of the metal covering can even form busbars 7, 8 for the power supply. These busbars can also be designed separately. The slot ends 3, 4 also maintain a distance a from the busbar.

Die Schlitzenden 3, 4 können auch gegenüber dem Zentralbereich 9 abgewinkelt und parallel zu den Sammelschienen 7, 8 geführt sein, um eine größere Schlitzlänge zu erreichen.The slot ends 3, 4 can also be angled with respect to the central region 9 and guided parallel to the busbars 7, 8 in order to achieve a greater slot length.

Befindet sich eine solche Sichtscheibe im elektromagnetischen Feld eines UKW-Rundfunksenders, so bildet sich über dem Schlitz ein elek­trisches Wechselfeld aus und der Schlitz wird von einem Ringwechsel­strom umflossen. Die Länge des Schlitzes soll in etwa dem elektri­schen Wertλ/2 im UKW-Bereich entsprechen. Die Länge hängt daher ab von der dielektrizätskonstanten εr des Glases der Sichtscheibe. Die Breite des Schlitzes kann sehr klein gegenüber der halben Wellenlänge λ/2 gehalten werden, während der Abstand a klein gegenüber der halben Wellenlänge λ/2 gewählt ist.If such a viewing window is located in the electromagnetic field of an FM radio transmitter, an alternating electrical field is formed above the slot and a ring alternating current flows around the slot. The length of the slot should correspond approximately to the electrical value λ / 2 in the FM range. The length therefore depends on the dielectric constant ε r of the glass of the lens. The width of the slot can be kept very small compared to half the wavelength λ / 2, while the distance a is chosen to be small compared to half the wavelength λ / 2.

Zweckmäßigerweise sollte der Wert der Konstanten εr so gewählt sein, daß die Schlitzenden nicht abgewinkelt werden müssen, um die Schlitz­antenne auf der Wert in der Größenordnung von λ/2 im UKW-Bereich abzu­stimmen. Denn eine Abwinklung der Schlitzenden beeinträchtigt unter Umständen den Fluß des Heizstromes, so daß sich zwischen den abge­winkelten Enden eine ungeheizte Zone ausbilden kann.The value of the constant ε r should expediently be chosen such that the slot ends do not have to be angled in order to tune the slot antenna to the value on the order of λ / 2 in the FM range. Because an angling of the slot ends may affect the flow of the heating current, so that an unheated zone can form between the angled ends.

In Figur 1 ist die Mitte des oberen Randes bei 10 des Schlitzes 2 mit dem Innenleiter 12 eines Koaxialkabels verbunden, während die Mitte des unteren Randes bei 11 über eine Kapazität 15, die für UKW einen Kurzanschluß darstellt, an das Chassis angeschlossen ist, das die Sichtscheiben umgibt. Mit diesem Chassis ist auch der Außen­leiter 13 des Koaxialkabels verbunden.In Figure 1, the center of the upper edge at 10 of the slot 2 is connected to the inner conductor 12 of a coaxial cable, while the center of the lower edge at 11 is connected to the chassis via a capacitance 15, which is a short-circuit for FM Lens surrounds. The outer conductor 13 of the coaxial cable is also connected to this chassis.

Die Figur 2 zeigt eine Schlitzantenne, deren elektrische Länge λ/4 im UKW-Bereich ist. Der Fußpunkt 21 endet in einem umlaufenden Frei­raum 22. Auch hier erstreckt sich der Schlitz 20 im wesentlichen in Flußrichtung des Heizstromes, der aus dem linken bzw. rechten Sicht­scheibenrand 23, 24 zu-bzw. abgeführt wird. Die beiden Schlitzrän­der sind an dem Fußpunkt mittels eines Übertragers 25 verbunden, der den Anschluß an den Innenleiter 26 eines Koaxialkabels bringt, des­sen Außenleiter 27 wieder mit dem Chassis verbunden ist.FIG. 2 shows a slot antenna whose electrical length λ / 4 is in the FM range. The base point 21 ends in a circumferential free space 22. Here, too, the slot 20 extends essentially in the flow direction of the heating current, which closes and closes from the left and right viewing window edges 23, 24. is dissipated. The two slot edges are connected at the base point by means of a transformer 25 which connects to the inner conductor 26 of a coaxial cable, the outer conductor 27 of which is again connected to the chassis.

Da die bedampfte Fläche hier von einem umlaufenden Freiraum 22 um­geben ist, überträgt der Übertrager 25 über das Koaxialkabel auch die Signale des AM-Runfunkbereiches.Since the vaporized area is surrounded here by a circumferential free space 22, the transmitter 25 also transmits the signals of the AM radio range via the coaxial cable.

In Figur 3 ist zwischen der umlaufenden Kante 31 der Sichtscheibe 30 und der bedampften Fläche ein umlaufender Freiraum 32 ausgespart, dessen Länge den elektrischen Wertλ im UKW-Bereich hat. Ist an die bedampfte Fläche der Innenleiter 33 eines Koaxialkabels angeschlossen, so läßt sich an diesem ein ausreichendes Signal, sowohl für einen UKW- als auch einen AM-Empfänger abnehmen. Im UKW-Bereich wirkt der Freiraum 32 als Schlitzantenne, da der metallische Chassisrand für das Fahrzeugfenster, der bei 34 angedeutet ist, die Sichtscheibe 30 außen umschließt.In FIG. 3, a circumferential free space 32, the length of which has the electrical value λ in the VHF range, is left between the circumferential edge 31 of the viewing window 30 and the vapor-coated surface. If the inner conductor 33 of a coaxial cable is connected to the vaporized surface, a sufficient signal can be obtained from it for both an FM and an AM receiver. In the VHF range, the free space 32 acts as a slot antenna, since the metallic chassis edge for the vehicle window, which is indicated at 34, surrounds the lens 30 on the outside.

Im AM-Rundfunkbereich dagegen dient wie auch in Figur 2, die be­dampfte Fläche insgesamt als Leiter.In the AM broadcasting area, however, as in FIG. 2, the vaporized area serves as a conductor.

Figur 4 zeigt den Anschluß des oberen Randes 41 des Schlitzes 40 an ein Koaxialkabel über eine zwischengeschaltete Streifenleitung 42. Zu diesem Zweck ist in der bedampften Fläche eine T-förmige Struktur ausgespart. Die Streifenleitung 42 ist zwischen den beiden Rändern 43, 44 des vertikalen T-Schenkels hindurchgeführt und wie Figur 4a deutlicher zeigt, am unteren Ende der Sichtscheibe mit dem Innenlei­ter 45 des Koaxialkabels 46 verbunden. Der vertikale Schlitz ist mit einer metallisierten Isolierschicht 47 abgedeckt, die zusammen mit den Rändern 43, 44 eine kapazitive Kopplung für den Ringwechselstrom um die Schlitzantenne bildet. Die nach außen weisende Metallisierung auf der Isolierschicht 47 ist bei 48 mit Chassis verbunden, an das auch der Außenleiter 49 des Koaxialkabels 46 angeschlossen ist.Figure 4 shows the connection of the upper edge 41 of the slot 40 to a coaxial cable via an interposed strip line 42. For this purpose, a T-shaped structure is left in the vapor-coated surface. The strip line 42 is passed between the two edges 43, 44 of the vertical T-leg and, as FIG. 4a shows more clearly, is connected to the inner conductor 45 of the coaxial cable 46 at the lower end of the viewing window. The vertical slot is covered with a metallized insulating layer 47 which, together with the edges 43, 44, forms a capacitive coupling for the ring alternating current around the slot antenna. The outward-facing metallization on the insulating layer 47 is connected at 48 to the chassis, to which the outer conductor 49 of the coaxial cable 46 is also connected.

Die Ränder 43, 44 können auch als Sammelschiene für die Zufuhr des Heizstromes dienen. In die Zufuhrleitungen 50, 51 für den Heizstrom sind dann jeweils im AM-Bereich wirksame Drosseln 52, 53 einzu­schließen, die zweckmäßigerweise auf einen gemeinsamen Ringkern 54 gewickelt sind.The edges 43, 44 can also serve as a busbar for supplying the heating current. In the supply lines 50, 51 for the heating current, chokes 52, 53 which are effective in the AM area must then be included, which are expediently wound on a common ring core 54.

Figur 5 zeigt eine verbesserte Ausführung der Schlitzantenne nach Figur 1. Im Abstand h von dem aus Figur 1 bekannten Schlitz 55, be­findet sich ein zweiter Schlitz 56, der in Länge und Breite in etwa dem ersten Schlitz 55 entspricht. Dadurch läßt sich ein Antennen­gewinn in der Horizontalen erreichen. Die Länge des Schlitzes 56 und der Abstand h von dem Schlitz 55 gehen in die Größe des Antennenge­winnes und in die Richtwirkung der Antenne ein und müssen entsprech­end den Gegebenheiten im einzelnen gewählt werden.FIG. 5 shows an improved embodiment of the slot antenna according to FIG. 1. At a distance h from the slot 55 known from FIG. 1 there is a second slot 56, which corresponds approximately in length and width to the first slot 55. An antenna gain in the horizontal can thereby be achieved. The length of the slot 56 and the distance h from the slot 55 go into the size of the antenna gain and the directivity of the antenna and must be chosen in accordance with the circumstances.

Claims (9)

1. Sichtscheibe für Fahrzeuge mit einem zwischen zwei der Strom­zufuhr dienenden Sammelschienen aufgedampften Metallbelag, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Sammelschienen (7, 8) an gegenüberliegenden Kanten (5, 6) des bedampften Bereiches der Sichtscheibe (1) ange­ordnet sind und in dem niederohmig gewählten Metallbelag ein im wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Sammelschienen verlaufender Schlitz (2) ausgespart ist, daß die Mitte des einen Randes (10) des Schlitzes mit dem Innenleiter (12), die Mitte des gegenüberliegenden Randes (11) des Schlitzes mit dem Außen­leiter (13) eines Koaxialkabels verbunden sind und die Länge des Schlitzes in Abhängigkeit vom Wert der Dielektrizitäts­konstanten des Glases εr so bemessen ist, daß die vom Schlitz gebildete Antenne einen elektrischen Wert in der Größenord­nung von λ/2 im UKW-Bereich erreicht, während die Schlitz­breite sehr klein gegenüber dem Wertλ/2 ist und daß die Schlitzenden (3, 4) einen Abstand a von den Sammelschienen nicht unterschreiten, der klein gegenüber der halben Wellen­längeλ/2 ist.1. Viewing window for vehicles with a vapor-deposited metal coating between two busbars that supply power, characterized in that
that the busbars (7, 8) are arranged on opposite edges (5, 6) of the steamed area of the viewing window (1) and a slot (2) running essentially perpendicular to the busbars is cut out in the low-resistance metal covering so that the center one edge (10) of the slot is connected to the inner conductor (12), the center of the opposite edge (11) of the slot is connected to the outer conductor (13) of a coaxial cable and the length of the slot is dependent on the value of the dielectric constant of the glass ε r is dimensioned so that the antenna formed by the slot reaches an electrical value in the order of λ / 2 in the FM range, while the slot width is very small compared to the value λ / 2 and that the slot ends (3, 4) a distance a not fall below the busbars, which is small compared to half the wavelength λ / 2. 2. Sichtscheibe nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Mitte des gegenüberliegenden Randes (11) des Schlitzes (2) kapazitiv an das Chassis angeschlossen ist und der Außen­leiter (13) auf Chassispotential liegt.2. Viewing window according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the center of the opposite edge (11) of the slot (2) is capacitively connected to the chassis and the outer conductor (13) is at chassis potential. 3. Sichtscheibe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der eine Rand des Schlitzes einen Abstand a von der be­nachbarten Kante des bedampften Bereiches des Sichtscheibe nicht unterschreitet, der klein gegenüberλ/2 ist.3. Viewing window according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the one edge of the slot does not fall below a distance a from the adjacent edge of the vapor-coated area of the viewing window, which is small compared to λ / 2. 4. Sichtscheibe nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schlitzenden (3, 4) gegenüber dem Zentralbereich (9) abgewinkelt sind.4. Viewing window according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
characterized,
that the slot ends (3, 4) are angled relative to the central area (9). 5. Sichtscheibe für Fahrzeuge mit einem zwischen zwei der Strom­zufuhr dienenden Sammelschienen, aufgedampft mit Teilbelag, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der niederohmige Metallbelag mit einem umlaufenden Frei­raum (32) an den Scheibenkanten aufgedampft ist, und der Me­tallbelag mit dem Innenleiter (33) eines Koaxialkabels ver­bunden ist, während der Außenleiter (35) des Koaxialkabels auf Chassispotential liegt.5. Viewing window for vehicles with a busbar serving between two of the power supply, vapor-deposited with partial covering, characterized in that
that the low-resistance metal coating is evaporated with a circumferential free space (32) at the edge of the pane, and the metal coating is connected to the inner conductor (33) of a coaxial cable, while the outer conductor (35) of the coaxial cable is at chassis potential. 6. Sichtscheibe für Fahrzeuge nach einem der vorhergehenden An­sprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in dem Metallebelag eine im wesentlichen T-förmig ausge­bildete Schlitzstruktur (40, 42, 44) ausgespart ist, daß die Mitte des einen Randes des horizontalen T-Schenkels (40) mit einem Streifenleiter (42) verbunden ist, der zwischen den Rändern (43, 44) des vertikalen T-Schenkels hindurchgeführt ist, daß der vertikale T-Schenkel von einer metallisierten Isolierschicht (47) abgedeckt ist und daß der Innenleiter (45) des Koaxialkabels mit dem Streifenleiter (42) verbunden ist und die Metallschicht auf der Isolierschicht auf Chassispoten­tial liegt.6. Viewing window for vehicles according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that a substantially T-shaped slot structure (40, 42, 44) is cut out in the metal covering, that the center of one edge of the horizontal T-leg (40) is connected to a strip conductor (42) which is between the edges ( 43, 44) of the vertical T-leg is passed through, that the vertical T-leg is covered by a metallized insulating layer (47) and that the inner conductor (45) of the coaxial cable is connected to the strip conductor (42) and the metal layer on the insulating layer is on chassis potential. 7. Sichtscheibe für ein Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Abstand h von einem ersten Schlitz (55) ein zu diesem parallel geführter zweiter Schlitz (56) ausgespart ist, dessen Länge und Breite im wesentlichen der Länge und Breite des ersten Schlitzes (55) entspricht.7. Viewing window for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 6,
characterized,
that at a distance h from a first slot (55) there is a second slot (56) guided parallel to the latter, the length and width of which essentially corresponds to the length and width of the first slot (55). 8. Sichtscheibe für ein Fahrzeug mit einem zwischen zwei der Stromzufuhr dienenden Sammelschienen aufgedampften Metallbe­lag,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in einem niederohmigen Metallbelag ein im wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Sammelschienen (23, 24) verlaufender Schlitz (20) ausgespart ist, die beiden Schlitzränder am Fußpunkt (21) über einen Übertrager (25) miteinander verbunden sind und der Innenleiter (26) des Koaxialkabels an den Übertrager ange­schlossen ist und der Außenleiter (27) des Koaxialkabels auf Chassispotential liegt.8. Viewing window for a vehicle with a metal coating vapor-deposited between two busbars used to supply power,
characterized,
that a slot (20) running essentially perpendicular to the busbars (23, 24) is cut out in a low-resistance metal covering, the two slot edges at the base (21) are connected to one another via a transformer (25) and the inner conductor (26) of the coaxial cable is connected to the transformer and the outer conductor (27) of the coaxial cable is at chassis potential. 9. Sichtscheibe für ein Fahrzeug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Sammelschienen Teil des aufgedampften Metallbelages sind.9. Viewing window for a vehicle according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the busbars are part of the vapor-deposited metal coating.
EP89103269A 1988-03-12 1989-02-24 Wind shield for motor vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0332898B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3808401A DE3808401A1 (en) 1988-03-12 1988-03-12 VEHICLE WINDOW WASHER
DE3808401 1988-03-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0332898A1 true EP0332898A1 (en) 1989-09-20
EP0332898B1 EP0332898B1 (en) 1993-06-02

Family

ID=6349654

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89103269A Expired - Lifetime EP0332898B1 (en) 1988-03-12 1989-02-24 Wind shield for motor vehicles

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5012255A (en)
EP (1) EP0332898B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3808401A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2043914T3 (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0561272A1 (en) * 1992-03-16 1993-09-22 Ppg Industries, Inc. Transparent window antenna
EP0643437A1 (en) * 1993-09-10 1995-03-15 Ford Motor Company Limited Slot antenna with reduced ground plane
EP0717459A1 (en) 1994-12-08 1996-06-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Metallized glass plate
EP0726232A2 (en) * 1995-02-07 1996-08-14 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Vehicle glazing with an electroconductive layer
EP0760537A2 (en) * 1995-09-02 1997-03-05 FLACHGLAS Automotive GmbH Glass antenna for vehicle window
DE10146439C1 (en) * 2001-09-20 2002-11-28 Pilkington Automotive D Gmbh Automobile antenna window panel has elongate dielectric slit between central conductive surface and metallic edge enclosing window panel
WO2012054327A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Pittsburgh Glass Works, Llc Wideband antenna
WO2012054330A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Pittsburgh Glass Works, Llc Window antenna
DE102006002681B4 (en) * 2005-01-20 2020-01-02 Pilkington Group Limited Heated vehicle glazing

Families Citing this family (45)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3938739A1 (en) * 1989-11-10 1991-08-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Automobile antenna - providing circular horizontal radiation diagram and using half wavelength slits in T or L configuration
JPH082926Y2 (en) * 1991-03-29 1996-01-29 日本板硝子株式会社 Antenna connector
US5644321A (en) * 1993-01-12 1997-07-01 Benham; Glynda O. Multi-element antenna with tapered resistive loading in each element
KR0145052B1 (en) * 1993-12-29 1998-08-01 와다 요시히로 Insulator for vehicle body, vehicle antenna and its setting method
DE4415675C1 (en) * 1994-05-04 1995-08-31 Flachglas Ag Motor vehicle windscreen aerial for broadband reception to UHF range
CA2212015A1 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-15 John R. Benham Television antennas
CA2211698A1 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-15 Megawave Corporation Window glass antenna
US5739794A (en) * 1995-05-22 1998-04-14 General Motors Corporation Vehicle window antenna with parasitic slot transmission line
US5648785A (en) * 1995-05-22 1997-07-15 General Motors Corporation Vehicle window with antenna connection apparatus
US5528314A (en) * 1995-05-22 1996-06-18 General Motors Corporation Transparent vehicle window antenna
US5905468A (en) * 1995-08-23 1999-05-18 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Glass antenna device for vehicles
US5812095A (en) * 1995-10-06 1998-09-22 Ford Motor Company Mounting structure for combined automotive trim accessory and antenna
US5629712A (en) * 1995-10-06 1997-05-13 Ford Motor Company Vehicular slot antenna concealed in exterior trim accessory
DE19730173A1 (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-01-21 Fuba Automotive Gmbh Plastic vehicle body with antennas
DE19817573A1 (en) * 1998-04-20 1999-10-21 Heinz Lindenmeier Antenna for multiple radio services
DE19832228C2 (en) * 1998-07-17 2002-05-08 Saint Gobain Sekurit D Gmbh Antenna disc for motor vehicles
US6670581B1 (en) 1999-05-20 2003-12-30 Glaverbel Automotive glazing panel having an electrically heatable solar control coating layer
ATE279088T1 (en) * 1999-05-20 2004-10-15 Glaverbel GLASS PANEL FOR MOTOR VEHICLES WITH A SUNLIGHT CONTROL COATING, WHICH IS PROVIDED WITH A DATA TRANSMISSION WINDOW
US6359593B1 (en) 2000-08-15 2002-03-19 Receptec Llc Non-radiating single slotline coupler
JP2002151939A (en) * 2000-10-03 2002-05-24 Internatl Business Mach Corp <Ibm> Antenna system, information processing unit and mobile phone
CA2443344A1 (en) * 2001-04-03 2002-10-17 James Hardie Research Pty Limited Fiber cement siding planks, methods of making and installing
TW535329B (en) * 2001-05-17 2003-06-01 Acer Neweb Corp Dual-band slot antenna
DE10127847A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-19 Webasto Vehicle Sys Int Gmbh Transparent pane for a vehicle roof with at least one roof element or for a roof module for a vehicle roof
US7295154B2 (en) * 2002-01-17 2007-11-13 The Ohio State University Vehicle obstacle warning radar
WO2004027923A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-04-01 Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Antenna pane
US7764239B2 (en) 2002-09-17 2010-07-27 Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Antenna pane including coating having strip-like segmented surface portion
DE10245250A1 (en) * 2002-09-27 2004-04-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Heated window pane
US6922175B2 (en) * 2002-12-04 2005-07-26 The Ohio State University Radio transmission region in metallic panel
US6860081B2 (en) * 2002-12-04 2005-03-01 The Ohio State University Sidelobe controlled radio transmission region in metallic panel
US7196657B2 (en) * 2003-01-31 2007-03-27 The Ohio State University Radar system using RF noise
JP2005012588A (en) 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Glass antenna system for vehicle
JP4405954B2 (en) * 2005-10-27 2010-01-27 株式会社デンソー Radiation noise wraparound suppression method
KR20120034722A (en) 2009-07-09 2012-04-12 아사히 가라스 가부시키가이샤 Windowpane for vehicle and antenna
US20110006050A1 (en) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-13 Joseph Patrick Nee Thermally Heated Collapsible Sun shade
GB0922191D0 (en) 2009-12-21 2010-02-03 Pilkington Group Ltd Vehicle glazing
JP2014033243A (en) 2010-11-30 2014-02-20 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Vehicle window glass and antenna
US9837707B2 (en) * 2010-12-09 2017-12-05 Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. Window assembly having an antenna element overlapping a transparent layer and an adjacent outer region
JP2014045230A (en) * 2010-12-28 2014-03-13 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Antenna device
WO2014008508A1 (en) 2012-07-06 2014-01-09 The Ohio State University Compact dual band gnss antenna design
WO2014129588A1 (en) 2013-02-21 2014-08-28 旭硝子株式会社 Vehicular window glass, and antenna
JP2016105527A (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-06-09 旭硝子株式会社 Window glass for vehicle
JP6490047B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2019-03-27 エージーシー オートモーティヴ アメリカズ アールアンドディー，インコーポレイテッド Window assembly with a transparent region having a property enhancing slit
EP2980919B1 (en) 2013-03-27 2017-11-29 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Windshield and antenna
US9337525B2 (en) 2014-02-03 2016-05-10 Pittsburgh Glass Works, Llc Hidden window antenna
WO2018180120A1 (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-04 セントラル硝子株式会社 Antenna and window glass

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3228030A (en) * 1965-06-11 1966-01-04 Gen Dynamics Corp Shielded antenna
US3491438A (en) * 1967-01-16 1970-01-27 Triplex Safety Glass Co Method of making electrically heated window glazings
FR2024911A1 (en) * 1968-11-22 1970-09-04 Ppg Industries Inc Motor car window of tempered glass
US3577196A (en) * 1968-11-25 1971-05-04 Eugene F Pereda Rollable slot antenna
FR2073314A1 (en) * 2013-01-22 1971-10-01 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
DE2166231A1 (en) * 1971-02-10 1973-06-14 Arend Wolf ANTENNA FOR NIGHTLY MOUNTING ON NON-CONDUCTIVE SURFACES
FR2332626A1 (en) * 1975-11-20 1977-06-17 Kolbe & Co Hans Elimination of interference at car radio aerial - is achieved by directing current in opposite directions in windscreen heater wires adjacent to aerial
GB1540464A (en) * 1976-06-03 1979-02-14 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Demisting window for use in motor vehicles
FR2400805A1 (en) * 1977-08-17 1979-03-16 Bsh Electronics Manchester Ltd Car window heating wires coupling circuit
GB1546571A (en) * 1976-07-30 1979-05-23 Antenna Specialists Uk Ltd Antenna

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3007164A (en) * 1955-04-22 1961-10-31 Ross A Davis Slot antenna which is fed at two points
US2971191A (en) * 1955-07-18 1961-02-07 Ross A Davis Slot type antenna having an autotransformer coupling circuit
US3210766A (en) * 1962-02-15 1965-10-05 Ralph O Parker Slot type antenna with tuning circuit
FR2250329A5 (en) * 1973-10-31 1975-05-30 Saint Gobain
JPS60127803A (en) * 1983-12-15 1985-07-08 Shigeo Matsumura Car antenna coupler for microwave band
DE3410415A1 (en) * 1984-03-21 1985-09-26 Gerhard Prof. Dr.-Ing. 8012 Ottobrunn Flachenecker ACTIVE AERIAL IN THE REAR WINDOW OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3228030A (en) * 1965-06-11 1966-01-04 Gen Dynamics Corp Shielded antenna
US3491438A (en) * 1967-01-16 1970-01-27 Triplex Safety Glass Co Method of making electrically heated window glazings
FR2024911A1 (en) * 1968-11-22 1970-09-04 Ppg Industries Inc Motor car window of tempered glass
US3577196A (en) * 1968-11-25 1971-05-04 Eugene F Pereda Rollable slot antenna
DE2166231A1 (en) * 1971-02-10 1973-06-14 Arend Wolf ANTENNA FOR NIGHTLY MOUNTING ON NON-CONDUCTIVE SURFACES
FR2332626A1 (en) * 1975-11-20 1977-06-17 Kolbe & Co Hans Elimination of interference at car radio aerial - is achieved by directing current in opposite directions in windscreen heater wires adjacent to aerial
GB1540464A (en) * 1976-06-03 1979-02-14 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Demisting window for use in motor vehicles
GB1546571A (en) * 1976-07-30 1979-05-23 Antenna Specialists Uk Ltd Antenna
FR2400805A1 (en) * 1977-08-17 1979-03-16 Bsh Electronics Manchester Ltd Car window heating wires coupling circuit
FR2073314A1 (en) * 2013-01-22 1971-10-01 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0561272A1 (en) * 1992-03-16 1993-09-22 Ppg Industries, Inc. Transparent window antenna
US5646637A (en) * 1993-09-10 1997-07-08 Ford Motor Company Slot antenna with reduced ground plane
EP0643437A1 (en) * 1993-09-10 1995-03-15 Ford Motor Company Limited Slot antenna with reduced ground plane
EP0717459A1 (en) 1994-12-08 1996-06-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Metallized glass plate
EP0726232A2 (en) * 1995-02-07 1996-08-14 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Vehicle glazing with an electroconductive layer
EP0726232A3 (en) * 1995-02-07 1996-10-09 Saint Gobain Vitrage Vehicle glazing with an electroconductive layer
EP0760537A2 (en) * 1995-09-02 1997-03-05 FLACHGLAS Automotive GmbH Glass antenna for vehicle window
EP0760537A3 (en) * 1995-09-02 1997-12-17 FLACHGLAS Automotive GmbH Glass antenna for vehicle window
US5898407A (en) * 1995-09-02 1999-04-27 Flachglas Automotive Gmbh Motor vehicle with antenna window with improved radiation and reception characteristics
DE10146439C1 (en) * 2001-09-20 2002-11-28 Pilkington Automotive D Gmbh Automobile antenna window panel has elongate dielectric slit between central conductive surface and metallic edge enclosing window panel
US7106262B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2006-09-12 Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Double on-glass slot antenna
DE102006002681B4 (en) * 2005-01-20 2020-01-02 Pilkington Group Limited Heated vehicle glazing
WO2012054327A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Pittsburgh Glass Works, Llc Wideband antenna
WO2012054330A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Pittsburgh Glass Works, Llc Window antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58904538D1 (en) 1993-07-08
US5012255A (en) 1991-04-30
EP0332898B1 (en) 1993-06-02
ES2043914T3 (en) 1994-01-01
DE3808401A1 (en) 1989-09-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0332898B1 (en) Wind shield for motor vehicles
EP0760537B1 (en) Glass antenna for vehicle window
DE10030489B4 (en) Capacitive grounding system for VHF and UHF antennas
EP0557794B1 (en) Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body
DE60014633T3 (en) GLASS WASHER FOR MOTOR VEHICLES WITH A SUNLIGHT STEUNNING COATING COMPRISING A DATA TRANSMISSION WINDOW
EP0594809B1 (en) Radio antenna arrangement located next to vehicle window panes
DE3743099C2 (en)
DE19925127C1 (en) Automobile antenna device e.g. for remote-controlled central locking, has antenna surface attached to front windscreen with windscreen edge acting as earth surface for HF signals
DE10030467A1 (en) Antenna for radio frequency antenna system for vehicles has connecting element connected to main element and to auxiliary element at distance below main element to prevent coupling
DE19535250B4 (en) Multiple antenna system for motor vehicles
DE3631930A1 (en) DISC ANTENNA FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
DE2060418A1 (en) Glass pane antenna
DE19740254A1 (en) Radio antenna arrangement e.g. for GSM
DE3534572A1 (en) MOBILE ANTENNA ARRANGEMENT
EP0396033A2 (en) Vehicle windscreen antenna for frequencies above the high frequency range
DE60103166T2 (en) GLASS ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION
DE19541083B4 (en) window antenna
DE2160458C3 (en) Antenna arranged on or in a viewing window, in particular for motor vehicles
EP1179221A1 (en) Antenna with at least one vertical radiator
DE4237818C2 (en) Window antenna for motor vehicles
DE69724920T2 (en) Window antenna for an automobile
DE3905813C2 (en)
DE4307232A1 (en) Car antenna attached to windscreen - has earth wire and antenna wire extending along top edge and side edge of windscreen respectively
DE102020101234A1 (en) Window antenna for a vehicle, window pane for a vehicle and antenna system for a vehicle
DE2429628A1 (en) Windscreen radio aerial for motor vehicles - has inverted T-shape with amplifier between aerial wire junction and windscreen frame

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19890726

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19920203

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19930609

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58904538

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930708

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: STUDIO JAUMANN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2043914

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 89103269.0

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20030206

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20030225

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20040202

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20040218

Year of fee payment: 16

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040225

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040225

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050224

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20040225

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20050223

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20051031

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20080227

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20080428

Year of fee payment: 20