EP0332149A1 - Apparatus for milling surface contours onto wooden boards - Google Patents

Apparatus for milling surface contours onto wooden boards Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0332149A1
EP0332149A1 EP89104024A EP89104024A EP0332149A1 EP 0332149 A1 EP0332149 A1 EP 0332149A1 EP 89104024 A EP89104024 A EP 89104024A EP 89104024 A EP89104024 A EP 89104024A EP 0332149 A1 EP0332149 A1 EP 0332149A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
milling
milling heads
heads
wooden
wooden boards
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EP89104024A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0332149B1 (en
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Marita Biedenbach
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/003—Mechanical surface treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for milling surface structures in wooden boards.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device for milling surface structures in wooden boards, which enables mechanical production of a large number of different, in particular also irregular, surface structures in wooden boards and is nevertheless comparatively simple in construction.
  • this object is essentially achieved by at least two milling heads which can be moved periodically relative to the wooden surface to be processed, past which the wooden board to be processed can be transported.
  • the two milling heads can in particular be movable in a plane parallel to the wood surface to be treated, transversely to the direction of transport of the boards and / or essentially perpendicular to the plane of the wood surface to be treated.
  • a suitable control of the milling heads which can be moved periodically in particular, but possibly also aperiodically, enables a large number of surface structures to be produced, the machine-specified milling patterns which are graded according to the milling cycles being able to be reproduced much faster, more rationally and more precisely than in the manual process.
  • a uniform or else a non-uniform surface milling structure can thus be generated, depending on which parameters have been entered into the machine control.
  • the cycle time of the work process can be regulated, i.e. the machining cycle can be individually adjusted in both the horizontal and vertical directions and in the feed direction.
  • the device according to the invention can also simultaneously take on the function of a router or a shaping machine, in which case only the profile knives of the milling heads have to be changed and the vertical and / or horizontal position of the milling heads is fixed during the advance of the wooden boards.
  • profile boards and profile strips can be produced efficiently, quickly and inexpensively on just a single machine, which is also capable of milling additional irregular surface structures.
  • the milling heads could be movable independently of one another, although this is not necessary in the case of the device according to the invention. It is therefore preferably provided that the milling heads, viewed in the transport direction of the wooden boards, are arranged essentially one behind the other, can be moved together and have milling cutters each with different profiles when viewed in the transport direction.
  • the milling knives can in particular be wave-shaped with several successive wave crests and wave troughs, the milling knives of the front and rear milling heads being offset transversely to the direction of movement of the wooden boards, so that during a certain milling cycle two structural recesses offset in the longitudinal direction of the board and in the transverse direction of the board are produced will.
  • each structural recess results from the duration of each work cycle in connection with the feed rate of the wooden board
  • the width of each structural recess results from the profiling of the milling cutters in connection with the degree of vertical movement of the milling heads during one work cycle.
  • the mobility of the milling heads is realized in a preferred development of the invention in that the milling heads are arranged on a carriage which is mounted on a height-adjustable guide so as to be displaceable.
  • the movement of the slide in a plane perpendicular to the direction of advance of the wooden boards can be controlled in any direction by means of suitable control devices.
  • the invention also includes such a device in which the board surface to be machined is stationary and the milling heads are moved along the board surface to be treated, for example by means of a suitable carriage or carriage arrangement.
  • the milling arrangement - with the exception of the aforementioned movement possibilities - is stationary and the device comprises a board support plate with an opening through which the milling heads come into engagement with the surface to be machined of the wooden board transported past it.
  • the device comprises an adjustable guide stop for the wooden boards in order to vary the direction of transport of the wooden boards relative to the milling heads.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a device frame 4 with an upper support plate 6 for the wooden boards (not shown) to be treated and vertical legs 8, to which a lower, horizontal support plate 10 is fastened.
  • the carrier plate 10 carries 4 threaded spindles 12 arranged in a rectangle, which are rotatable in the carrier plate 10 but axially immovable and with one above the carrier plate 10 arranged base plate 14 are threadingly engaged so that the horizontal base plate 14 can be raised and lowered by rotating the threaded spindles 12 together.
  • each threaded spindle 12 On the underside of each threaded spindle there is provided a sprocket 16 connected in a rotationally fixed manner, the sprockets 16 being driven by a common chain 18 which in turn can be driven via a sprocket 20.
  • the sprocket arranged on the underside of the carrier plate 10 is in drive connection with a handwheel 22 arranged above the support plate 6, via which the sprocket 20 can be driven via a spindle (not shown) and the base plate 14 can thus be adjusted in height.
  • the system described above is used for precise height positioning of the movable milling head arrangement described below.
  • a guide which is adjustable in height relative to the base plate 14.
  • vertical lifting cylinders or guide columns 28 are arranged between base plate 14 and base plate 26 of the guide 24, the height of the guide 24 being variable by actuating the lifting cylinders 28.
  • the guide 24 has opposite side walls 30 which carry two parallel guide rails 32 which run in a horizontal plane, which run generally transversely to the direction of transport of the wooden boards to be treated and which guide a carriage 34 so as to be displaceable in the transverse direction.
  • a cylinder / piston assembly 36 is between the guide 24 and the Carriage 34 effective, the cylinder 38 being fastened to one of the side walls 30 of the guide 24 and the piston 40 running parallel to the guide rails 32 being connected at the end to the carriage 34.
  • Two milling heads 44, 46 and a drive motor 48 which rotates these two milling heads are fastened on a horizontal support plate 42 of the slide 34.
  • the milling heads 44, 46 are arranged one behind the other in the general feed direction A of the wooden boards and are higher than the drive motor 48.
  • the two milling heads 44, 46 are driven together by the drive motor 48 via drive belts 50.
  • the support plate 6 of the device frame 4 has an opening 52 through which the milling heads 44, 46 can be brought into engagement with the wooden board resting on the support plate 6.
  • the width of the opening 52 is dimensioned such that lateral movement of the milling heads 44, 46 is also possible within the scope of the freedom of movement predetermined by the guide 24.
  • the wooden boards to be treated are automatically transported over the support plate 6 or its opening 52 at the desired speed.
  • a stop unit designated overall by reference numeral 56, defines the respective direction of movement of the wooden board to be treated and its direction can be adjusted for this purpose.
  • the attack Unit 56 comprises a stop bar 58 resting on the support plate 6, which can be pivoted about a vertical pivot axis 60.
  • the stop bar 58 carries a hollow profile 62 extending in the direction of the pivot axis 60, in which a further tube piece 64, which is fastened to a clamping block 66, is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
  • the distance of the stop bar 58 from the axis 60 can be varied and the respectively desired distance can be locked by means of a toggle 68 acting between the hollow profile 62 and the tube piece 64.
  • the respectively desired angular position of the stop bar 58 relative to the general feed direction A can be fixed by means of a locking screw 70 acting on the clamping block 66.
  • the respectively desired surface structure of the wooden boards results from suitable control of the lifting cylinder 28 defining the vertical position of the milling heads and the cylinder / piston arrangement 36 defining the horizontal or transverse position of the milling heads.
  • the wooden board to be processed is fed to the feed unit 54 via the support plate 6 , During the continuous run, the milling heads 44, 46 are moved horizontally and / or vertically in accordance with the predetermined program control. Determined by the horizontal position of the milling heads and the duration of the milling cycle, reproducible patterns are created on the wooden board.
  • Limit switches are provided for the cylinders 28, 38, which define the end positions of the milling heads, between which they are cyclically moved in the respective direction.
  • the travel speed in the corresponding direction is regulated by throttles or time valves.
  • the knife inserts of the milling heads 44, 46 are designed in accordance with the desired shape of the surface structure.
  • An example of the formation of a knife insert 72 is shown in FIGS. 7a (front view) and 7b (side view).
  • the cutting edge of the knife insert 72 is in this case wave-shaped with a plurality of wave troughs 74 and shaft apices 76. With such a configuration of the knife inserts 72 with cutting structures repeating in the transverse direction, a set of recesses of the same type is produced in a single machining cycle. If, as shown in FIG.
  • the cutting profiles of the knife inserts are preferably offset from one another in the axial direction of the milling heads, in such a way that the wave crests of the one knife insert are arranged in the region of the troughs of the other knife insert in the projection, this results during milling Rows of recesses offset from one another in the transverse and longitudinal directions, as sketched in FIG. 9.
  • the depressions a from one milling head and the recesses b are generated by the other milling head.
  • the depressions a ′ are produced by one milling head and the depressions b ′ are produced by the other milling head, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Milling, Drilling, And Turning Of Wood (AREA)

Abstract

In an apparatus for milling surface contours onto wooden boards, two milling heads (44, 46) which are arranged behind one another and are cyclically movable in the vertical direction and also transversely to the feed direction of the wooden boards to be worked are provided, it being possible thereby to cut various surface contours into the wooden boards to be worked. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einfräsen von Oberflächenstrukturen in Holzbretter.The invention relates to a device for milling surface structures in wooden boards.

Insbesondere aus dekorativen Gründen ist es oftmals erwünscht, die Oberflächen von Holzbrettern mit Struktu­ren zu versehen, die regelmäßig oder unregelmäßig sein können und der Oberfläche beispielsweise ein rustikales Aussehen geben. Solche Oberflächenstrukturen wurden bislang mit Hilfe eines Handhobels erzeugt, oder es wurde mit einer Fräse ein gleichmäßiges Muster in das Holzbrett eingefräst. Das Arbeiten mit einem Handhobel ist jedoch zeitaufwendig und teuer, das Arbeiten mit der bekannten Fräse hat insbesondere den Nachteil, daß hier nur gleichförmige, insbesondere in Vorschub­richtung des Holzbrettes durchgehend verlaufende Muster bzw. Konturen möglich sind.For decorative reasons in particular, it is often desirable to provide the surfaces of wooden boards with structures that can be regular or irregular and give the surface a rustic appearance, for example. Such surface structures have so far been created using a hand plane, or a uniform pattern has been milled into the wooden board using a milling machine. However, working with a hand planer is time-consuming and expensive, working with the known milling cutter has the particular disadvantage that only uniform patterns or contours, in particular in the direction of advance of the wooden board, are possible here.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Einfräsen von Oberflächenstrukturen in Holzbretter zu schaffen, die eine maschinelle Anfer­tigung einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher, insbesondere auch unregelmäßiger Oberflächenstrukturen in Holzbret­tern ermöglicht und dennoch vergleichsweise einfach im Aufbau ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device for milling surface structures in wooden boards, which enables mechanical production of a large number of different, in particular also irregular, surface structures in wooden boards and is nevertheless comparatively simple in construction.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß im wesentlichen durch mindestens zwei relativ zu der zu bearbeitenden Holzoberfläche periodisch bewegbare Fräsköpfe gelöst, an denen das zu bearbeitende Holzbrett vorbei transpor­tierbar ist. Die beiden Fräsköpfe können hierbei insbe­sondere in einer zu der zu behandelnden Holzoberfläche parallelen Ebene quer zur Transportrichtung der Bretter und/oder im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Ebene der zu behandelnden Holzoberfläche bewegbar sein.According to the invention, this object is essentially achieved by at least two milling heads which can be moved periodically relative to the wooden surface to be processed, past which the wooden board to be processed can be transported. The two milling heads can in particular be movable in a plane parallel to the wood surface to be treated, transversely to the direction of transport of the boards and / or essentially perpendicular to the plane of the wood surface to be treated.

Durch geeignete Steuerung der insbesondere periodisch, ggf. jedoch auch aperiodisch bewegbaren Fräsköpfe, kann eine Vielzahl von Oberflächenstrukturen erzeugt werden, wobei die maschinell vorgegebenen, entsprechend den Frästakten abgestuften Fräsbilder wesentlich schnel­ler, rationeller und exakter als beim manuellen Vorgang reproduziert werden können. Im Falle der vorliegenden Erfindung kann somit eine gleichmäßige oder aber auch eine ungleichmäßige Oberflächen-Frässtruktur erzeugt werden, je nachdem, welche Parameter in die Maschinen­steuerung eingegeben wurden. Die Taktzeit des Arbeits­vorganges ist regelbar, das heißt, der Zerspanungszyk­lus ist individuell einstellbar sowohl in horizontaler als auch in vertikaler Richtung sowie in Vorschubrich­tung.A suitable control of the milling heads, which can be moved periodically in particular, but possibly also aperiodically, enables a large number of surface structures to be produced, the machine-specified milling patterns which are graded according to the milling cycles being able to be reproduced much faster, more rationally and more precisely than in the manual process. In the case of the present invention, a uniform or else a non-uniform surface milling structure can thus be generated, depending on which parameters have been entered into the machine control. The cycle time of the work process can be regulated, i.e. the machining cycle can be individually adjusted in both the horizontal and vertical directions and in the feed direction.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann auch gleichzeitig die Funktion einer Oberfräse bzw. einer Formfräse über­nehmen, wobei in diesem Fall lediglich die Profilmesser der Fräsköpfe gewechselt werden müssen und die vertika­le und/oder horizontale Position der Fräsköpfe während des Vorschubs der Holzbretter fixiert wird. Hierdurch können Profilbretter und Profilleisten rationell, schnell und kostengünstig auf nur einer einzigen Maschi­ne, die auch in der Lage ist, zusätzlich unregelmäßige Oberflächenstrukturen einzufräsen, hergestellt werden.The device according to the invention can also simultaneously take on the function of a router or a shaping machine, in which case only the profile knives of the milling heads have to be changed and the vertical and / or horizontal position of the milling heads is fixed during the advance of the wooden boards. As a result, profile boards and profile strips can be produced efficiently, quickly and inexpensively on just a single machine, which is also capable of milling additional irregular surface structures.

Die Fräsköpfe könnten unabhängig voneinander bewegbar sein, wobei dies im Falle der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrich­tung nicht notwendig ist. Vorzugsweise ist daher vorge­sehen, daß die Fräsköpfe in Transportrichtung der Holz­bretter gesehen, im wesentlichen hintereinanderliegend angeordnet sind, gemeinsam bewegbar sind und Fräsmesser von in Transportrichtung gesehen jeweils unterschiedli­cher Profilierung aufweisen. Die Fräsmesser können insbesondere wellenförmig ausgebildet sein mit mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Wellenscheiteln und Wellentälern, wobei die Fräsmesser von vorderem und hinterem Fräskopf quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Holzbretter versetzt sind, so daß während eines bestimmten Fräszyklus zwei in Längsrichtung des Brettes und in Querrichtung des Brettes gegeneinander versetzte Strukturvertiefungen erzeugt werden. Die Länge einer jeden Strukturvertie­fung ergibt sich aus der Dauer eines jeden Arbeitstak­tes in Zusammenhang mit der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des Holzbrettes, die Breite einer jeden Strukturvertie­fung ergibt sich aus der Profilierung der Fräsmesser in Zusammenhang mit dem Maß der vertikalen Bewegung der Fräsköpfe während eines Arbeitstaktes. Durch Bewe­gung der Fräsköpfe quer zur Vorschubrichtung der Holz­bretter ergeben sich zusätzliche Variationsmöglichkei­ten hinsichtlich der Oberflächenstruktur.The milling heads could be movable independently of one another, although this is not necessary in the case of the device according to the invention. It is therefore preferably provided that the milling heads, viewed in the transport direction of the wooden boards, are arranged essentially one behind the other, can be moved together and have milling cutters each with different profiles when viewed in the transport direction. The milling knives can in particular be wave-shaped with several successive wave crests and wave troughs, the milling knives of the front and rear milling heads being offset transversely to the direction of movement of the wooden boards, so that during a certain milling cycle two structural recesses offset in the longitudinal direction of the board and in the transverse direction of the board are produced will. The length of each structural recess results from the duration of each work cycle in connection with the feed rate of the wooden board, the width of each structural recess results from the profiling of the milling cutters in connection with the degree of vertical movement of the milling heads during one work cycle. By moving the milling heads transversely to the direction of advance of the wooden boards, there are additional variation options with regard to the surface structure.

Die Bewegbarkeit der Fräsköpfe ist in bevorzugter Wei­terbildung der Erfindung dadurch realisiert, daß die Fräsköpfe auf einem Schlitten angeordnet sind, der auf einer höhenverstellbaren Führung querverschieblich gelagert ist. Mittels geeigneter Zylinder/Kolben-Ein­heiten kann die Bewegung des Schlittens in einer zur Vorschubrichtung der Holzbretter senkrechten Ebene über geeignete Steuereinrichtungen in beliebiger Rich­tung gesteuert werden.The mobility of the milling heads is realized in a preferred development of the invention in that the milling heads are arranged on a carriage which is mounted on a height-adjustable guide so as to be displaceable. By means of suitable cylinder / piston units, the movement of the slide in a plane perpendicular to the direction of advance of the wooden boards can be controlled in any direction by means of suitable control devices.

Es versteht sich, daß die Erfindung auch eine solche Vorrichtung umfaßt, bei der die zu bearbeitende Brett­oberfläche stationär ist und die Fräsköpfe beispielswei­se mittels einer geeigneten Schlitten- oder Wagenanord­nung längs der zu behandelnden Brettoberfläche bewegt werden. Vorzugsweise ist jedoch die Fräsanordnung - mit Ausnahme der vorstehend erwähnten Bewegungsmöglich­keiten - stationär und die Vorrichtung umfaßt eine Brett-Auflageplatte mit einer Öffnung, durch die hin­durch die Fräsköpfe mit der zu bearbeitenden Oberfläche des hieran vorbei transportierten Holzbrettes in Ein­griff kommen.It is understood that the invention also includes such a device in which the board surface to be machined is stationary and the milling heads are moved along the board surface to be treated, for example by means of a suitable carriage or carriage arrangement. Preferably, however, the milling arrangement - with the exception of the aforementioned movement possibilities - is stationary and the device comprises a board support plate with an opening through which the milling heads come into engagement with the surface to be machined of the wooden board transported past it.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfaßt die Vorrichtung einen verstellbaren Führungsanschlag für die Holzbretter, um die Transport­richtung der Holzbretter relativ zu den Fräsköpfen zu variieren. Durch einfaches Verstellen der Richtung des Führungsanschlags ergeben sich wiederum deutlich unterschiedliche Oberflächenstrukturen in der zu bear­beitenden Holzoberfläche.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the device comprises an adjustable guide stop for the wooden boards in order to vary the direction of transport of the wooden boards relative to the milling heads. By simply adjusting the direction of the guide stop, clearly different surface structures result in the wooden surface to be processed.

Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den übrigen Unteransprüchen in Zusammenhang mit der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der ein bevorzug­tes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeich­nung näher beschrieben ist. In der Zeichnung zeigen in halbschematischer Darstellung:

  • Figur 1 eine Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in Richtung der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit der hiermit zu behandelnden Holzbretter,
  • Figur 2 eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fi­gur 1,
  • Figur 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fi­gur 1,
  • Figur 4 einen Ausschnitt gemäß Figur 3,
  • Figur 5 einen vertikalen Schnitt durch den Anschlag gemäß Figur 3,
  • Figur 6 eine Draufsicht auf den Anschlag gemäß Figur 5,
  • Figur 7 a und b eine Vorderansicht bzw. eine Seitenan­sicht eines Messereinsatzes für die Fräsköpfe der erfin­dungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
  • Figur 8 eine Vorderansicht auf die hintereinander an­geordneten Fräsköpfe einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrich­tung,
  • Figur 9 eine Prinzipskizze einer mit der erfindungsge­mäßen Vorrichtung erzielbaren Oberflächenstruktur,
  • Figur 10 ein Beispiel einer mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erzielbaren Oberflächenstruktur und
  • Figur 11 ein weiteres Beispiel einer mit der erfindungs­gemäßen Vorrichtung erzielbaren Oberflächenstruktur.
Further advantageous features of the invention emerge from the remaining subclaims in connection with the following description, in which a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows in a semi-schematic representation:
  • FIG. 1 shows a view of the device according to the invention in the direction of the feed speed of the wooden boards to be treated with it,
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of the device according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail according to FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 shows a vertical section through the stop according to FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of the stop according to FIG. 5,
  • 7 a and b show a front view and a side view of a knife insert for the milling heads of the device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 8 shows a front view of the milling heads of a device according to the invention arranged one behind the other,
  • FIG. 9 shows a basic sketch of a surface structure that can be achieved with the device according to the invention,
  • Figure 10 shows an example of a surface structure achievable with the device according to the invention and
  • FIG. 11 shows a further example of a surface structure that can be achieved with the device according to the invention.

Die insgesamt mit der Bezugsziffer 2 bezeichnete, er­findungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfaßt ein Gerätegestell 4 mit einer oberen Auflageplatte 6 für die zu behandeln­den, nicht dargestellten Holzbretter und vertikalen Beinen 8, an denen eine untere, horizontale Trägerplat­te 10 befestigt ist. Die Trägerplatte 10 trägt 4 im Rechteck angeordnete Gewindespindeln 12, die in der Trägerplatte 10 drehbar, aber axial unverschieblich gelagert sind und mit einer oberhalb der Trägerplatte 10 angeordneten Grundplatte 14 derart gewindemäßig in Eingriff stehen, daß durch gemeinsames Drehen der Gewindespindeln 12 die horizontale Grundplatte 14 ange­hoben und abgesenkt werden kann.The device according to the invention, designated overall by reference number 2, comprises a device frame 4 with an upper support plate 6 for the wooden boards (not shown) to be treated and vertical legs 8, to which a lower, horizontal support plate 10 is fastened. The carrier plate 10 carries 4 threaded spindles 12 arranged in a rectangle, which are rotatable in the carrier plate 10 but axially immovable and with one above the carrier plate 10 arranged base plate 14 are threadingly engaged so that the horizontal base plate 14 can be raised and lowered by rotating the threaded spindles 12 together.

Um die Gewindespindeln 12 gemeinsam zu drehen, ist an der Unterseite einer jeden Gewindespindel ein mit dieser drehfest verbundener Zahnkranz 16 vorgesehen, wobei die Zahnkränze 16 von einer gemeinsamen Kette 18 angetrieben werden, die ihrerseits über ein Ketten­rad 20 antreibbar ist. Das an der Unterseite der Träger­platte 10 angeordnete Kettenrad steht mit einem ober­halb der Auflageplatte 6 angeordneten Handrad 22 in Antriebsverbindung, über welches über eine nicht näher dargestellte Spindel das Kettenrad 20 antreibbar und somit die Grundplatte 14 höhenverstellbar ist. Das vorstehend beschriebene System dient zur genauen Höhen­positionierung der im folgenden beschriebenen, beweg­lichen Fräskopfanordnung.In order to rotate the threaded spindles 12 together, on the underside of each threaded spindle there is provided a sprocket 16 connected in a rotationally fixed manner, the sprockets 16 being driven by a common chain 18 which in turn can be driven via a sprocket 20. The sprocket arranged on the underside of the carrier plate 10 is in drive connection with a handwheel 22 arranged above the support plate 6, via which the sprocket 20 can be driven via a spindle (not shown) and the base plate 14 can thus be adjusted in height. The system described above is used for precise height positioning of the movable milling head arrangement described below.

Oberhalb der Grundplatte 14 ist eine insgesamt mit 24 bezeichnete Führung angeordnet, die gegenüber der Grundplatte 14 höhenverstellbar ist. Zu diesem Zweck sind zwischen Grundplatte 14 und Bodenplatte 26 der Führung 24 vertikale Hubzylinder bzw. Führungssäulen 28 angeordnet, wobei durch Betätigen der Hubzylinder 28 die Höhe der Führung 24 variierbar ist.Above the base plate 14 there is a guide, generally designated 24, which is adjustable in height relative to the base plate 14. For this purpose, vertical lifting cylinders or guide columns 28 are arranged between base plate 14 and base plate 26 of the guide 24, the height of the guide 24 being variable by actuating the lifting cylinders 28.

Die Führung 24 weist gegenüberliegende Seitenwände 30 auf, die zwei parallele, in einer horizontalen Ebene verlaufende Führungsschienen 32 tragen, die im allgemei­nen quer zur Transportrichtung der zu behandelnden Holzbretter verlaufen und die einen Schlitten 34 in Querrichtung verschieblich führen. Eine Zylinder-/Kol­benanordnung 36 ist zwischen der Führung 24 und dem Schlitten 34 wirksam, wobei der Zylinder 38 an einer der Seitenwände 30 der Führung 24 befestigt ist und der parallel zu den Führungsschienen 32 verlaufende Kolben 40 endseitig mit dem Schlitten 34 verbunden ist.The guide 24 has opposite side walls 30 which carry two parallel guide rails 32 which run in a horizontal plane, which run generally transversely to the direction of transport of the wooden boards to be treated and which guide a carriage 34 so as to be displaceable in the transverse direction. A cylinder / piston assembly 36 is between the guide 24 and the Carriage 34 effective, the cylinder 38 being fastened to one of the side walls 30 of the guide 24 and the piston 40 running parallel to the guide rails 32 being connected at the end to the carriage 34.

Auf einer horizontalen Tragplatte 42 des Schlittens 34 sind zwei Fräsköpfe 44, 46 sowie ein diese beiden Fräsköpfe in Rotation versetzender Antriebsmotor 48 befestigt. Die Fräsköpfe 44, 46 sind in allgemeiner Vorschubsrichtung A der Holzbretter gesehen hinterein­anderliegend angeordnet und liegen höher als der An­triebsmotor 48. Über Antriebsriemen 50 werden die bei­den Fräsköpfe 44, 46 gemeinsam vom Antriebsmotor 48 angetrieben.Two milling heads 44, 46 and a drive motor 48 which rotates these two milling heads are fastened on a horizontal support plate 42 of the slide 34. The milling heads 44, 46 are arranged one behind the other in the general feed direction A of the wooden boards and are higher than the drive motor 48. The two milling heads 44, 46 are driven together by the drive motor 48 via drive belts 50.

Oberhalb der Fräsköpfe 44, 46 weist die Auflageplatte 6 des Gerätegestells 4 eine Öffnung 52 auf, durch die hindurch die Fräsköpfe 44, 46 in Eingriff mit dem auf der Auflageplatte 6 aufliegenden Holzbrett gebracht werden kann. Die Breite der Öffnung 52 ist derart bemes­sen, daß auch eine seitliche Bewegung der Fräsköpfe 44, 46 im Rahmen der durch die Führung 24 vorgegebenen Bewegungsfreiheit möglich ist.Above the milling heads 44, 46, the support plate 6 of the device frame 4 has an opening 52 through which the milling heads 44, 46 can be brought into engagement with the wooden board resting on the support plate 6. The width of the opening 52 is dimensioned such that lateral movement of the milling heads 44, 46 is also possible within the scope of the freedom of movement predetermined by the guide 24.

Mittels einer insgesamt mit der Bezugsziffer 54 be­zeichneten Vorschubeinheit, werden die zu behandelnden Holzbretter mit der jeweils gewünschten Geschwindigkeit selbsttätig über die Auflageplatte 6 bzw. deren Öffnung 52 hinweg transportiert.By means of a feed unit, generally designated by reference number 54, the wooden boards to be treated are automatically transported over the support plate 6 or its opening 52 at the desired speed.

Eine insgesamt mit der Bezugsziffer 56 bezeichnete Anschlagseinheit definiert die jeweilige Bewegungsrich­tung des zu behandelnden Holzbrettes und ist zu diesem Zwecke in ihrer Richtung verstellbar. Die Anschlags­ einheit 56 umfaßt eine auf der Auflageplatte 6 auflie­gende Anschlagsleiste 58, die um eine vertikale Schwenk­achse 60 verschwenkbar ist. Die Anschlagsleiste 58 trägt ein sich in Richtung zur Schwenkachse 60 hin erstreckendes Hohlprofil 62, in welchem ein weiteres Rohrstück 64, das an einem Spannblock 66 befestigt ist, längsverschieblich geführt ist. Auf diese Weise kann der Abstand der Anschlagsleiste 58 von der Achse 60 variiert werden und der jeweils gewünschte Abstand kann mittels eines zwischen Hohlprofil 62 und Rohrstück 64 wirkenden Handknebels 68 arretiert werden. Die je­weils gewünschte Winkelstellung der Anschlagsleiste 58 relativ zur allgemeinen Vorschubrichtung A ist mit­tels einer am Spannblock 66 angreifenden Feststell­schraube 70 fixierbar.A stop unit, designated overall by reference numeral 56, defines the respective direction of movement of the wooden board to be treated and its direction can be adjusted for this purpose. The attack Unit 56 comprises a stop bar 58 resting on the support plate 6, which can be pivoted about a vertical pivot axis 60. The stop bar 58 carries a hollow profile 62 extending in the direction of the pivot axis 60, in which a further tube piece 64, which is fastened to a clamping block 66, is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable. In this way, the distance of the stop bar 58 from the axis 60 can be varied and the respectively desired distance can be locked by means of a toggle 68 acting between the hollow profile 62 and the tube piece 64. The respectively desired angular position of the stop bar 58 relative to the general feed direction A can be fixed by means of a locking screw 70 acting on the clamping block 66.

Die jeweils gewünschte Oberflächenstruktur der Holzbret­ter ergibt sich durch geeignete Steuerung der die Ver­tikalposition der Fräsköpfe definierenden Hubzylinder 28 sowie der die Horizontal- bzw. Querposition der Fräsköpfe definierenden Zylinder/Kolben-Anordnung 36. Das zu bearbeitende Holzbrett wird über der Auflageplat­te 6 der Vorschubeinheit 54 zugeführt, während des kontinuierlichen Durchlaufes werden die Fräsköpfe 44, 46 horizontal und/oder vertikal entsprechend der vorge­gebenen Programmsteuerung bewegt. Bestimmt durch die horizontale Lage der Fräsköpfe und die Dauer des Fräs­taktes entstehen auf dem Holzbrett reproduzierbare Muster.The respectively desired surface structure of the wooden boards results from suitable control of the lifting cylinder 28 defining the vertical position of the milling heads and the cylinder / piston arrangement 36 defining the horizontal or transverse position of the milling heads. The wooden board to be processed is fed to the feed unit 54 via the support plate 6 , During the continuous run, the milling heads 44, 46 are moved horizontally and / or vertically in accordance with the predetermined program control. Determined by the horizontal position of the milling heads and the duration of the milling cycle, reproducible patterns are created on the wooden board.

Für die Zylinder 28, 38 sind Endschalter vorgesehen, die die Endpositionen der Fräsköpfe definieren, zwi­schen denen diese in der jeweiligen Richtung zyklisch bewegt werden. Die Verfahrgeschwindigkeit in der ent­sprechenden Richtung wird im Falle einer pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Steuerung durch Drosseln oder Zeit­ventile geregelt. Durch Verstellen der an den Zylindern angebrachten Endschalter und/oder Verändern der Dros­sel- bzw. Zeitventile ergibt sich immer ein neues Fräs­bild. Anstelle der Pneumatikzylinder können beispiels­weise auch Schrittmotoren mit einer entsprechenden elektronischen Schaltung vorgesehen sein.Limit switches are provided for the cylinders 28, 38, which define the end positions of the milling heads, between which they are cyclically moved in the respective direction. In the case of pneumatic or hydraulic control, the travel speed in the corresponding direction is regulated by throttles or time valves. By adjusting the limit switches attached to the cylinders and / or changing the throttle or timing valves, a new milling pattern always results. Instead of the pneumatic cylinders, stepper motors with a corresponding electronic circuit can also be provided, for example.

Die Messereinsätze der Fräsköpfe 44, 46 sind entspre­chend der gewünschten Form der Oberflächenstruktur ausgebildet. Ein Beispiel für die Ausbildung eines Messereinsatzes 72 ist in den Fig. 7a (Vorderansicht) und 7b (Seitenansicht) dargestellt. Die Schneidkante des Messereinsatzes 72 ist hierbei wellenförmig ausge­bildet mit mehreren Wellentälern 74 und Wellenscheiteln 76. Bei einer solchen Ausbildung der Messereinsätze 72 mit in Querrichtung sich wiederholenden Schneidstruk­turen wird bei einem einzigen Bearbeitungszyklus ein Satz von gleichartigen Vertiefungen erzeugt. Sind die Schneidprofile der Messereinsätze, wie in Fig. 8 darge­stellt, in bevorzugter Weise in Axialrichtung der Fräs­köpfe gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet, derart, daß in der Projektion die Wellenscheitel des einen Messer­einsatzes im Bereich der Wellentäler des anderen Messer­einsatzes angeordnet sind, so ergeben sich beim Fräsen gegeneinander in Querrichtung und in Längsrichtung versetzte Reihen von Vertiefungen, wie dies in Fig. 9 skizziert ist. Während eines einzigen Frästaktes werden die Vertiefungen a von dem einen Fräskopf und die Vertiefungen b vom anderen Fräskopf erzeugt. Im nächsten Frästakt werden vom einen Fräskopf die Ver­tiefungen a′ und vom anderen Fräskopf die Vertiefungen b′ erzeugt usw.The knife inserts of the milling heads 44, 46 are designed in accordance with the desired shape of the surface structure. An example of the formation of a knife insert 72 is shown in FIGS. 7a (front view) and 7b (side view). The cutting edge of the knife insert 72 is in this case wave-shaped with a plurality of wave troughs 74 and shaft apices 76. With such a configuration of the knife inserts 72 with cutting structures repeating in the transverse direction, a set of recesses of the same type is produced in a single machining cycle. If, as shown in FIG. 8, the cutting profiles of the knife inserts are preferably offset from one another in the axial direction of the milling heads, in such a way that the wave crests of the one knife insert are arranged in the region of the troughs of the other knife insert in the projection, this results during milling Rows of recesses offset from one another in the transverse and longitudinal directions, as sketched in FIG. 9. During a single milling cycle, the depressions a from one milling head and the recesses b are generated by the other milling head. In the next milling cycle, the depressions a ′ are produced by one milling head and the depressions b ′ are produced by the other milling head, etc.

Fig. 10 zeigt lediglich beispielsweise eine mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erzeugte Frässtruktur. Die Frässtruktur gemäß Fig. 11 mit schräg verlaufenden Kanten ergibt sich daraus, daß der Anschlag 58 (vgl. Fig. 3) gegenüber der allgemeinen Vorschubrichtung A schräg gestellt wurde, so daß die zu bearbeitenden Holzbretter insgesamt schräg über die Fräsköpfe geführt werden.10 only shows, for example, a milling structure produced with the device according to the invention. 11 with oblique edges results from the fact that the stop 58 (cf. FIG. 3) was inclined relative to the general feed direction A, so that the wooden boards to be machined are guided obliquely over the milling heads.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

  • 2 Vorrichtung2 device
  • 4 Gerätegestell4 device frame
  • 6 Auflageplatte6 platen
  • 8 Beine8 legs
  • 10 Trägerplatte10 carrier plate
  • 12 Gewindespindeln12 threaded spindles
  • 14 Grundplatte14 base plate
  • 16 Zahnkranz16 ring gear
  • 18 Kette18 chain
  • 20 Kettenrad20 sprocket
  • 22 Handrad22 handwheel
  • 24 Führung24 leadership
  • 26 Bodenplatte26 base plate
  • 28 Hubzylinder28 lifting cylinders
  • 30 Seitenwände30 side walls
  • 32 Führungsschiene32 guide rail
  • 34 Schlitten34 sledges
  • 36 Zylinder/Kolben-Anordnung36 cylinder / piston arrangement
  • 38 Zylinder38 cylinders
  • 40 Kolben40 pistons
  • 42 Tragplatte42 support plate
  • 44 Fräskopf44 milling head
  • 46 Fräskopf46 milling head
  • 48 Antriebsmotor48 drive motor
  • 50 Antriebsriemen50 drive belts
  • 52 Öffnung52 opening
  • 54 Vorschubeinheit54 feed unit
  • 56 Anschlagseinheit56 stop unit
  • 58 Anschlagsleiste58 stop bar
  • 60 Schwenkachse60 swivel axis
  • 62 Hohlprofil62 hollow profile
  • 64 Rohrstück64 pipe section
  • 66 Spannblock66 clamping block
  • 68 Handknebel68 hand gags
  • 70 Feststellschraube70 locking screw
  • 72 Messereinsatz72 knife insert
  • 74 Wellentäler74 troughs
  • 76 Wellenscheitel76 wave crests

Claims (15)

1. Vorrichtung zum Einfräsen von Oberflächenstrukturen in Holzbretter, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens zwei relativ zu der zu bearbeitenden Holzoberfläche perio­disch bewegbare Fräsköpfe (44, 46), an denen das zu bearbeitende Holzbrett vorbeitransportierbar ist.1. A device for milling surface structures in wooden boards, characterized by at least two milling heads (44, 46) which can be moved periodically relative to the wooden surface to be processed and on which the wooden board to be processed can be transported past. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fräsköpfe (44, 46) in einer zu der zu behandeln­den Holzoberfläche parallelen Ebene quer zur Transport­richtung (A) der Bretter bewegbar sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the milling heads (44, 46) in a plane parallel to the wood surface to be treated can be moved transversely to the transport direction (A) of the boards. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß die Fräsköpfe (44, 46) im wesentlichen senk­recht zur Ebene der zu behandelnden Holzoberfläche bewegbar sind.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the milling heads (44, 46) are movable substantially perpendicular to the plane of the wood surface to be treated. 4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fräsköpfe (44, 46) unabhängig voneinander bewegbar sind.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling heads (44, 46) are movable independently of one another. 5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fräsköpfe in Transport­richtung (A) gesehen im wesentlichen hintereinander­liegend angeordnet sind, gemeinsam bewegbar sind und Fräsmesser (72) von in Axialrichtung der Fräsköpfe unterschiedlicher Profilierung aufweisen.5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling heads seen in the transport direction (A) are arranged substantially one behind the other, are movable together and milling cutter (72) of different profiling in the axial direction of the milling heads. 6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fräsmesser (72) der Fräsköpfe (44, 46) in Axialrichtung der Fräsköpfe gegen­einander versetzte Schneidprofile aufweisen.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling knives (72) of the milling heads (44, 46) in the axial direction of the milling heads have mutually offset cutting profiles. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fräsmesser (72) der Fräsköpfe (44, 46) wellenförmig mit mehreren aufeinan­derfolgenden Wellenscheiteln (76) und Wellentälern (74) ausgebildet sind.7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling knives (72) of the milling heads (44, 46) are wave-shaped with a plurality of successive wave crests (76) and wave troughs (74). 8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fräsköpfe (44, 46) auf einem Schlitten (34) angeordnet sind, der auf einer höhenverstellbaren Führung (24) querverschieblich ge­lagert ist.8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling heads (44, 46) are arranged on a carriage (34) which is mounted on a height-adjustable guide (24) so as to be displaceable. 9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die höhenverstellbare Führung (24) auf einer Grund­platte (14) höhenverstellbar angeordnet ist, die ihrer­seits relativ zum Gerätegestell (4) höhenverstellbar ist.9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the height-adjustable guide (24) on a base plate (14) is arranged adjustable in height, which in turn is adjustable in height relative to the device frame (4). 10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Schlitten (34) und Führung (24) mittels Zylinder-Kolben-Einheiten (28, 38) bewegbar sind.10. Device according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the carriage (34) and guide (24) by means of cylinder-piston units (28, 38) are movable. 11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Brett-Auflage­platte (6) umfaßt mit einer Öffnung (52), durch die hindurch die Fräsköpfe (44, 46) mit der zu bearbeiten­den Oberfläche des hieran vorbeitransportierten Holz­brettes in Eingriff kommen.11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a board support plate (6) with an opening (52) through which the milling heads (44, 46) engage with the surface to be processed of the wooden board transported past it come. 12. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Transporteinheit (54) zum Vorbeitransportieren der Holzbretter an den Fräsköpfen (44, 46) umfaßt.12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a transport unit (54) for transporting the wooden boards past the milling heads (44, 46). 13. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Steuerung zum automatischen Steuern des Bewegungsablaufes der Fräs­köpfe (44, 46) umfaßt.13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a controller for automatically controlling the sequence of movements of the milling heads (44, 46). 14. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen verstellbaren Führungsanschlag (58) für die Holzbretter umfaßt, um die Transportrichtung der Holzbretter relativ zu den Fräsköpfen (44, 46) zu variieren.14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an adjustable guide stop (58) for the wooden boards in order to vary the transport direction of the wooden boards relative to the milling heads (44, 46). 15. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fräsköpfe (44, 46) mittels eines gemeinsamen Antriebsmotors (48) antreib­bar sind.15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the milling heads (44, 46) can be driven by means of a common drive motor (48).
EP89104024A 1988-03-09 1989-03-07 Apparatus for milling surface contours onto wooden boards Expired - Lifetime EP0332149B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89104024T ATE91948T1 (en) 1988-03-09 1989-03-07 DEVICE FOR MILLING SURFACE STRUCTURES IN WOODEN BOARDS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3807722 1988-03-09
DE3807722 1988-03-09
DE3825340A DE3825340A1 (en) 1988-03-09 1988-07-26 DEVICE FOR MILLING SURFACE STRUCTURES IN WOODEN BOARDS
DE3825340 1988-07-26

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EP0332149A1 true EP0332149A1 (en) 1989-09-13
EP0332149B1 EP0332149B1 (en) 1993-07-28

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US (1) US4945959A (en)
EP (1) EP0332149B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1318573C (en)
DE (2) DE3825340A1 (en)

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DE3825340A1 (en) 1989-09-28
US4945959A (en) 1990-08-07
CA1318573C (en) 1993-06-01
EP0332149B1 (en) 1993-07-28
DE58904998D1 (en) 1993-09-02

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