EP0326620A1 - Gaselimination in einer flüssigkeitsgefüllten Funkenstrecke eines Stosswellengenerators - Google Patents

Gaselimination in einer flüssigkeitsgefüllten Funkenstrecke eines Stosswellengenerators Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0326620A1
EP0326620A1 EP87119265A EP87119265A EP0326620A1 EP 0326620 A1 EP0326620 A1 EP 0326620A1 EP 87119265 A EP87119265 A EP 87119265A EP 87119265 A EP87119265 A EP 87119265A EP 0326620 A1 EP0326620 A1 EP 0326620A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
spark gap
spark
water
diaphragm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87119265A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christopher Nowacki
Alfred Brisson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northgate Research Inc a Corp of state of Illinois
Original Assignee
Northgate Research Inc a Corp of state of Illinois
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US06/928,805 priority Critical patent/US4715376A/en
Application filed by Northgate Research Inc a Corp of state of Illinois filed Critical Northgate Research Inc a Corp of state of Illinois
Priority to EP87119265A priority patent/EP0326620A1/de
Publication of EP0326620A1 publication Critical patent/EP0326620A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
    • G10K11/28—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using reflection, e.g. parabolic reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00—Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/04—Sound-producing devices
    • G10K15/06—Sound-producing devices using electric discharge

Definitions

  • Kidney stones, and also naturally-occurring stones in the bladder and the ureter can be extremelyly painful, and often require surgical relief. Excision or destruction of stones in the bladder and sometimes in the ureter can be relatively easily accomplished, but removal of stones from the kidney is a major procedure.
  • kidney Removal of stones from the kidney is a very serious and traumatic surgical procedure. A large incision is made in the body. The kidney is essentially removed from the body and cut open. The stone or stones are then removed, whereupon the kidney is sutured and returned to the body, with the body then being sutured. Various efforts have been made to destroy or disintegrate kidney stones so that they can be excreted with the urine.
  • Chemotherapy is available as a non-invasive therapy for uric acid stones.
  • the urine is alkalyzed, and the stone is dissolved over a substantial period of time. This requires detection of the stone before an acute phase is reached.
  • the next step was the use of ultrasound or an electrohydraulic shock wave produced by discharging a capacitor across a spark gap under water or other suitable liquid.
  • ultrasound or an electrohydraulic shock wave produced by discharging a capacitor across a spark gap under water or other suitable liquid.
  • a reflector which is a portion of an ellipsoid.
  • the spark gap is located at the first focus point of the ellipsoid, and the ellipsoid is positioned relative to the body so that the kidney stone or other calculus or concretion is at the second focus point of the ellipsoid.
  • the reflector is filled with water. Discharge of a spark across the gap causes rapid vaporization of a portion of the water, and resultant generation of a shock wave which is focused by the reflector on the kidney stone.
  • the shock wave travels through the water in the ellipsoidal reflector, and through the human tissues to the kidney stone. A repetition of the spark gap shock wave generation over a period of perhaps an hour, is necessary to destroy a kidney stone.
  • an upwardly directed, truncated ellipsoidal reflector having the upper end covered with a flexible diaphragm of elastomeric of plastic resin material.
  • the reflector is filled with water.
  • a spark gap is provided at the first focus point of the reflector, and a spark generated across the gap causes vaporization of water to generate a shock wave.
  • the spark gap structure including the gap is surrounded by a thin wall cylindrical tube through which fresh water is constantly circulated. Gas released from the water by spark generation thus is continually flushed out of the tube, and is totally isolated from most of the water in the ellipsoidal reflector.
  • a thin diaphragm is disposed above the spark gap structure, thereby isolating the apex portion of the ellipsoidal reflector.
  • a constant flow of fresh water through the isolated portion of the reflector removes gas from the vicinity of the spark gap mechanism. Gas is totally isolated from the major portion of the water in the reflector.
  • a metal base or block 10 having a hollow interior in the form of a truncated ellipsoidal reflector 12.
  • a flexible diaphragm 14 is secured across the open top of the reflector 12 by any suitable means (not shown).
  • the diaphragm is waterproof as well as flexible, and preferably is made of an elastomeric or plastic resin material.
  • the apex 16 of the reflector is at the bottom thereof, and it is intended that the upwardly opening reflector should be positioned beneath a patient with the diaphragm 14 pressing across the patient's back. This allows ready access to the kidneys, and specifically permits positioning of the second focus point (not shown) of the reflector precisely at the kidney stone to be destroyed.
  • the reflector 12 is completely filled with water, and causes the diaphragm 14 to bulge upwardly slightly as shown.
  • a thin-walled plastic tube 18 extends through the base 10 transversely of the axis of the reflector 12 and includes the first focus point of the ellipsoid as will be mentioned shortly hereinafter.
  • Plastic or other insulating plugs 20 and 22 are provided at the opposite ends of the tube 18 and wedge the tube in corresponding bores 24 and 26 in the body 10.
  • Electrodes 28 and 30 extend longitudinally through the blocks 20 and 22 and longitudinally through the tube 18 to close proximity to one another, defining a spark gap 32 therebetween.
  • the electrodes extend outwardly from the plugs 20 and 22 and are connected by means such as wires 34 and 36 to a spark generator 38.
  • a pipe or conduit 40 extends into a bore 42 in the plug 22, and a pump 44 in the pipe 40 circulates water into the tube 18.
  • a complementary bore 46 exhausts water from the tube 18 into a drain pipe 48. Water is thus circulated constantly through the tube 18.
  • the tube may be rather limp and is of such a thin wall construction that it might tend to sag, except that the water pressure inside thereof maintains a positive pressure that holds the tube in the erect position shown.
  • the spark gap generator is provided with suitable controls (not shown) to charge and discharge a condenser to cause a repetition of sparks across the spark gap 32.
  • the spark causes an instantaneous flashing of water in the gap into steam, and thereby generates a shock wave at the first focal point of the ellipsoidal reflector 12.
  • the shock waves so generated are focused by the reflector on the kidney stone in the patient, and in due course the kidney stone is reduced to granules or dust which are carried out by the urine without invasion of the patient's body.
  • the repeating spark causes a certain amount of gas to be released, which in accordance with the teachings of the prior are would have risen to the underwide of the diaphragm 14, thereby producing an interface that would be a poor transferer of energy.
  • the gas that is generated is immediately flushed out of the tube 18 by the constant flow of water therethrough.
  • the thin wall of the tube 18 is very resilient and does not interfere in any significant way with transfer of the energy from the spark gap to the kidney stone.
  • FIG. 2 A modification of the invention is shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Many of the parts remain as disclosed heretofore, and similar numerals are used for such parts with the addition of the suffix a.
  • a horizontal slice is removed from the base or body 10a upwardly a short distance from the apex 16a.
  • An insulating ring 50 replaces said slice.
  • Bolts 52 extend up through the bottom 54 of the body, through the ring 50, and are threaded into tapped apertures 54 in the upper portion of the body.
  • a very thin diaphragm 56 extends across the top of the ring and is clamped against the underside of the upper portion of the body by the ring.
  • the outer surface of the ring 50 is conveniently cylindrical as at 58, whereas the inner surface 60 is tapered so as to form a continuation of the surface of the ellipsoidal reflector 12a, whereby not to interfere with the aiming of the shock wave.
  • the water supply conduits 42a and 46a extend substantially diametrically through the ring, as do the electrodes 28a and 30a defining the spark gap 32a at the first focus point of the ellipsoidal reflector 12a.
  • the diaphragm 56 is sufficiently thin and is made of an elastomeric or plastic resin material as to be rather limp, and is sustained in horizontal position by a slightly greater water pressure below the diaphragm than above it. Gas released by reiterating spark in the gap 32a cannot rise above the diaphragm 56, and is flushed out by the water constantly flowing through the lower portion of the ellipsoidal reflector beneath the diaphragm 56. Consequently, it is not possible for any gas to rise into the water in the major portion of the ellipsoidal reflector and to collect beneath the diaphragm 14a.
  • gas generated by a repeating spark in a spark gap to generate a shock wave is prevented from moving very far from the spark gap, and specifically is prevented from rising into the water in the ellipsoidal reflector above the spark gap.
  • a constant flow of fresh water flushes such gas out of the space adjacent the spark gap, either in a small tube or beneath a diaphragm spaced only a short distance above the spark gap. Provision of the tube or of the isolating diaphragm does not significantly interfere with the amount of energy transferred from the spark gap to the kidney stone at the second focus point of the ellipsoidal reflector.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
EP87119265A 1986-11-07 1987-12-28 Gaselimination in einer flüssigkeitsgefüllten Funkenstrecke eines Stosswellengenerators Withdrawn EP0326620A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/928,805 US4715376A (en) 1986-11-07 1986-11-07 Isolation of gas in hydraulic spark gap shock wave generator
EP87119265A EP0326620A1 (de) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Gaselimination in einer flüssigkeitsgefüllten Funkenstrecke eines Stosswellengenerators

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87119265A EP0326620A1 (de) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Gaselimination in einer flüssigkeitsgefüllten Funkenstrecke eines Stosswellengenerators

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0326620A1 true EP0326620A1 (de) 1989-08-09

Family

ID=8197550

Family Applications (1)

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EP87119265A Withdrawn EP0326620A1 (de) 1986-11-07 1987-12-28 Gaselimination in einer flüssigkeitsgefüllten Funkenstrecke eines Stosswellengenerators

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EP (1) EP0326620A1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0590177A1 (de) * 1992-09-28 1994-04-06 Hmt High Medical Technologies Entwicklungs- Und Vertriebs Ag Gerät zum Erzeugen von Stosswellen für die berührungsfreie Zerstörung von Konkrementen in Körpern von Lebewesen
DE102006022417A1 (de) * 2006-05-13 2007-11-22 Ast Gmbh Aufbereitungsvorrichtung für eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Stoßwellen
EP2964326A4 (de) * 2013-03-08 2016-11-02 Soliton Inc Generator für schnell gepulste elektrohydraulische (eh) stosswellen und verfahren zur durchführung von medizinischen und kosmetischen behandlungen
US11229575B2 (en) 2015-05-12 2022-01-25 Soliton, Inc. Methods of treating cellulite and subcutaneous adipose tissue
US11794040B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2023-10-24 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Apparatuses and systems for generating high-frequency shockwaves, and methods of use
US11813477B2 (en) 2017-02-19 2023-11-14 Soliton, Inc. Selective laser induced optical breakdown in biological medium
US11857212B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2024-01-02 Soliton, Inc. Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus with improved electrode lifetime
US11865371B2 (en) 2011-07-15 2024-01-09 The Board of Regents of the University of Texas Syster Apparatus for generating therapeutic shockwaves and applications of same
US12097162B2 (en) 2019-04-03 2024-09-24 Soliton, Inc. Systems, devices, and methods of treating tissue and cellulite by non-invasive acoustic subcision

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090138A2 (de) * 1982-03-25 1983-10-05 DORNIER SYSTEM GmbH Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Konkrementen in Körpern von Lebewesen
EP0131654A1 (de) * 1983-07-19 1985-01-23 N.V. Optische Industrie "De Oude Delft" Einrichtung zum berührungsfreien Zertrümmern von im Körper befindlichen steinigen Gegenständen mittels Schallschockwellen
EP0196353A2 (de) * 1985-04-04 1986-10-08 DORNIER SYSTEM GmbH Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung oder Minderung von Schmerzen bei der extracorporalen Lithotripsie
EP0206331A2 (de) * 1985-06-26 1986-12-30 Yachiyoda Sangyo Co., Ltd. Vorrichtung zur Zertrümmerung von Nierensteinen mittels ausserhalb des menschlichen Körpers erzeugter Unterwasserstosswellen

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090138A2 (de) * 1982-03-25 1983-10-05 DORNIER SYSTEM GmbH Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Konkrementen in Körpern von Lebewesen
EP0131654A1 (de) * 1983-07-19 1985-01-23 N.V. Optische Industrie "De Oude Delft" Einrichtung zum berührungsfreien Zertrümmern von im Körper befindlichen steinigen Gegenständen mittels Schallschockwellen
EP0196353A2 (de) * 1985-04-04 1986-10-08 DORNIER SYSTEM GmbH Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung oder Minderung von Schmerzen bei der extracorporalen Lithotripsie
EP0206331A2 (de) * 1985-06-26 1986-12-30 Yachiyoda Sangyo Co., Ltd. Vorrichtung zur Zertrümmerung von Nierensteinen mittels ausserhalb des menschlichen Körpers erzeugter Unterwasserstosswellen

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0590177A1 (de) * 1992-09-28 1994-04-06 Hmt High Medical Technologies Entwicklungs- Und Vertriebs Ag Gerät zum Erzeugen von Stosswellen für die berührungsfreie Zerstörung von Konkrementen in Körpern von Lebewesen
JPH06114068A (ja) * 1992-09-28 1994-04-26 Hmt High Medical Technol Entwickl & Vertriebs Ag 衝撃波の生成装置
DE102006022417A1 (de) * 2006-05-13 2007-11-22 Ast Gmbh Aufbereitungsvorrichtung für eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Stoßwellen
US11794040B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2023-10-24 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Apparatuses and systems for generating high-frequency shockwaves, and methods of use
US11865371B2 (en) 2011-07-15 2024-01-09 The Board of Regents of the University of Texas Syster Apparatus for generating therapeutic shockwaves and applications of same
US10857393B2 (en) 2013-03-08 2020-12-08 Soliton, Inc. Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus and methods for medical and cosmetic treatments
US10835767B2 (en) 2013-03-08 2020-11-17 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus and methods for medical and cosmetic treatments
TWI741235B (zh) * 2013-03-08 2021-10-01 美商席利通公司 用於產生治療用衝擊波之系統
TWI801977B (zh) * 2013-03-08 2023-05-11 美商席利通公司 與產生治療用激波相關聯之裝置及方法
EP3626307A1 (de) * 2013-03-08 2020-03-25 Board of Regents, The University of Texas System Generator für schnell gepulste elektrohydraulische (eh) stosswellen und verfahren zur durchführung von kosmetischen behandlungen
EP2964326A4 (de) * 2013-03-08 2016-11-02 Soliton Inc Generator für schnell gepulste elektrohydraulische (eh) stosswellen und verfahren zur durchführung von medizinischen und kosmetischen behandlungen
US11229575B2 (en) 2015-05-12 2022-01-25 Soliton, Inc. Methods of treating cellulite and subcutaneous adipose tissue
US11857212B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2024-01-02 Soliton, Inc. Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus with improved electrode lifetime
US11813477B2 (en) 2017-02-19 2023-11-14 Soliton, Inc. Selective laser induced optical breakdown in biological medium
US12097162B2 (en) 2019-04-03 2024-09-24 Soliton, Inc. Systems, devices, and methods of treating tissue and cellulite by non-invasive acoustic subcision

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