EP0324371A2 - Initiator having a long delay - Google Patents

Initiator having a long delay Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0324371A2
EP0324371A2 EP89100116A EP89100116A EP0324371A2 EP 0324371 A2 EP0324371 A2 EP 0324371A2 EP 89100116 A EP89100116 A EP 89100116A EP 89100116 A EP89100116 A EP 89100116A EP 0324371 A2 EP0324371 A2 EP 0324371A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
delay
charge
ignition element
ignition
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89100116A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0324371B1 (en
EP0324371A3 (en
Inventor
Peter-Josef Grommes
Günther Faber
Hans Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Florin
Peter Dipl.-Phys. Röh
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0815—Intermediate ignition capsules, i.e. self-contained primary pyrotechnic module transmitting the initial firing signal to the secondary explosive, e.g. using electric, radio frequency, optical or percussion signals to the secondary explosive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/16—Pyrotechnic delay initiators

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to an ignition element, comprising in a cylinder-symmetrical arrangement, arranged in layers one after the other, an ignition charge, a delay line, made up of one or more delay charges, and a detonative or flame-emitting output.
  • An ignition element with a delay line has the task of amplifying the pyrotechnic reaction which arises when an ignition means is triggered in such a way that it leads to the reliable ignition or ignition of a main charge after a delay time.
  • An ignition element is made up of several pyrotechnic sets arranged one behind the other: the highly sensitive but weak triggering of an ignition set is to be used after a predetermined time to safely ignite a relatively slow main charge.
  • the weak points of an ignition element where the passage through the reaction zone can be disturbed or interrupted are the areas where pyrotechnic phrases with different physical and chemical properties collide. At such interfaces, the reaction process breaks off especially when the progress of the reaction is made more difficult by further conditions, such as, for example, by a very high rotation of the ignition element, by low temperatures, by vibrations, shocks, shocks and the like.
  • the requirement for long delay times is usually accompanied by a decrease in reliability, because the suitable delay sets have such a chemical composition that the desired slow forwarding can only take place reliably if the reaction is initiated optimally in the delay line.
  • the invention has for its object to ensure the progress of the reaction zone in an ignition element even more reliably, even under difficult external conditions.
  • the object is achieved in that the central region of the set igniting the delay line projects into the (first) delay charge.
  • the essence of the invention lies in an improvement in the transition between the firing rate and the delay rate.
  • the geometric design of the set that ignites the (first) delay charge makes the greatest contribution to increasing safety.
  • the set that ignites the delay line is either a slow-burning primer from the outset, or, particularly preferably, there are one or more transmission sets between the primer and the delay line, at least the middle region of the set igniting the delay line protruding into the (first) delay charge.
  • reaction speed changes very significantly; in a highly sensitive primer it can be of the order of 500 mm / s; in the deceleration set the propagation speed is in the range 0.7 to 1 mm / s; in intermediate transmission sets it is usually between 30 and 200 mm / s. It has been shown that the transfer of the reaction process can lead to difficulties, especially at those interfaces where the reaction rate of the deceleration set is no longer so high, ie the speed of propagation of the reaction wave is already relatively slow, so that in particular there are disturbances in the transition to the deceleration set . If the center area of the transmission set that ignites the delay set bulges into the first delay charge, the most obvious result is an increase in reliability.
  • the central bulge of the set that ignites the delay line is preferably conical; but it can also preferably correspond to a spherical segment surface. It is determined by the tool with which the primer is pressed into the cylindrical sleeve. It shows that it can be technically particularly favorable if the central surface area is rounded and the side areas are frustoconical.
  • the design according to the invention of the transition between the set that ignites the delay line and the first delay charge is not only due to the geometric shape described above, but is crucially dependent on the curved interface extending over the entire cross section.
  • the priming charge of the propellant charge of a rocket engine is, for example, also conical, but the interface between the primer and the propellant does not cover the entire cross-section of the propellant charge.
  • such a geometry of the interface would not lead to reliable functioning - transferring the reaction of the transfer set to the delay set.
  • a certain dependency is also observed on the wall thickness and the diameter of the ignition element. It is particularly favorable if the cross section of the sets is as large as possible and / or the wall thickness of the ignition element is as thin as possible. This dependency is alleviated by protruding into the (first) delay charge of the center area of the set that ignites the delay line.
  • the inventive redesign of the transition area between the set that ignites the delay line and the (first) delay charge, the "most difficult" point within an ignition element, where failure occurs above all if further aggravating additional requirements, such as e.g. a high swirl to be added can be supported by further measures.
  • Such an advantageous embodiment of the ignition element according to the invention is, for example, the division of the transmission set into two (or more) sets, which makes it possible to reduce the relatively large jumps in the reaction speed in the ignition and retardation set.
  • the choice of substances for the split transfer rates is essentially from the point of view that the jumps in the physical property values at the interfaces become smaller. Such a measure increases the reliability of the ignition element.
  • Splitting the transfer set into two or more sets with properties changing in smaller increments can also make it possible for the delay set to have properties that are even more desirable per se, such as an even slower response speed, such a material for the Delay rate has so far not been considered, because otherwise the transition from the firing rate to the delay rate would have been even more problematic (because it was too different).
  • a further improvement is achieved if the otherwise known plane-parallel transition areas between the individual delay charges are also changed in accordance with the main claim.
  • a change in the range between the first and second delay charges is particularly preferred.
  • the individual delay charges are usually chemically and physically identical.
  • the delay line is divided into several charges only for manufacturing reasons. It means practically no additional effort if the front side of the first delay charge in the detonation direction is also bulged, which can be done with the same tool. It a further improvement in reliability is observed with this measure.
  • the invention is illustrated in the drawing and further described by way of example.
  • the figure shows a section through an ignition element with a detonative output.
  • the ignition element consists of a cylindrical sleeve 1 with an outer diameter of 5 mm and a length of 17 mm.
  • the first layer 2 consists of a sensitive friction set of high reaction speed, which is ignited with a piercing needle, and in which the reaction zone at a speed of approx. 500 mm / s progresses.
  • the ignition element is designed for relatively long delay times (on the order of 10 s).
  • the response speed in the delay line is less than 0.8 mm / s.
  • the delay set consists of four chemically and physically identical charges 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • the transmission path here consists of two sets 7, 8, which differ in their chemical composition and which are matched to one another in such a way that the levels of the property values are the interfaces are as small as possible.
  • the design of the transition area according to the invention or the design of the bottom surface of the usually cylindrical sets is used.
  • the area between the transfer set 8 and the first delay charge 3 is regarded as the most important transition area.
  • the transition area from the first delay charge 3 to the second delay charge 4 also has the same shape. This second arched transition would not be absolutely necessary due to the same composition of sentences 3 and 4.
  • the output of the detonator is designed in a known manner.
  • the last delay charge 6 is followed by a lead azide charge 9 and a PETN charge 10, which is covered with an aluminum plate 11.
  • the last layer 12 consists of a sealing lacquer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
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  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
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Abstract

Where layered ignition elements with long delay times are concerned, malfunctions occur above all when aggravating secondary conditions (such as, for example, a high projectile rotation and/or temperature and shock stresses) are additionally involved. The reliable progress of the reaction is assisted if, as seen in the direction of propagation of the reaction, the middle region of the charge (8) igniting the delayed-action composition (3) projects into the middle region of the delayed-action composition (3). A further improvement can be achieved if, instead of an ignition charge (2), one or more transmission charges (7, 8) are interposed and the selection of the charge components is made in such a way that the jumps of the property values (especially as regards the reaction speed) become more uniform and therefore smaller, or an ignition charge having an especially low reaction speed is used. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf ein Zündelement, enthaltend in zylindersymmetrischer Anordnung, schichtweise nacheinander an­geordnet, einen Anzündsatz, eine Verzögerungsstrecke, aufgebaut aus einem oder mehreren Verzögerungsladungen, und einem detona­tiven oder flammgebenden Ausgang.The invention is directed to an ignition element, comprising in a cylinder-symmetrical arrangement, arranged in layers one after the other, an ignition charge, a delay line, made up of one or more delay charges, and a detonative or flame-emitting output.

Ein Zündelement mit einer Verzögerungsstrecke hat die Aufgabe, die bei der Auslösung eines Zündmittels entstehende pyrotech­nische Reaktion so zu verstärken, daß sie nach einer Verzöge­rungszeit zur sicheren Zündung oder Anzündung einer Hauptladung führt.An ignition element with a delay line has the task of amplifying the pyrotechnic reaction which arises when an ignition means is triggered in such a way that it leads to the reliable ignition or ignition of a main charge after a delay time.

Ein Zündelement ist aus mehreren, hintereinander angeordneten pyrotechnischen Sätzen aufgebaut: das hochempfindliche aber schwache Auslösen eines Anzündsatzes soll nach einer vorgege­benen Zeit zum sicheren Anzünden einer relativ trägen Hauptla­dung benutzt werden. Die Schwachstellen eines Zündelementes, an denen das Durchlaufen der Reaktionszone gestört oder unter­brochen werden kann, sind die Flächen, wo pyrotechnische Sätze mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaf­ten aneinanderstoßen. An solchen Trennflächen reißt der Reak­tionsprozeß vor allem dann ab, wenn das Fortschreiten der Reak­tion noch durch weitere Bedingungen erschwert ist, wie bei­spielsweise durch eine sehr hohe Rotation des Zündelements, durch tiefe Temperaturen, durch Vibrationen, Stöße, Schocks u.dgl.An ignition element is made up of several pyrotechnic sets arranged one behind the other: the highly sensitive but weak triggering of an ignition set is to be used after a predetermined time to safely ignite a relatively slow main charge. The weak points of an ignition element where the passage through the reaction zone can be disturbed or interrupted are the areas where pyrotechnic phrases with different physical and chemical properties collide. At such interfaces, the reaction process breaks off especially when the progress of the reaction is made more difficult by further conditions, such as, for example, by a very high rotation of the ignition element, by low temperatures, by vibrations, shocks, shocks and the like.

Auch die Forderung langer Verzögerungszeiten geht normalerweise einher mit einer Abnahme der Zuverlässigkeit, weil die dafür geeigneten Verzögerungssätze eine solche chemische Zusammen­setzung haben, daß nur bei einer optimalen Reaktionseinleitung in der Verzögerungsstrecke die gewünschte langsame Weiterlei­tung sicher erfolgt.The requirement for long delay times is usually accompanied by a decrease in reliability, because the suitable delay sets have such a chemical composition that the desired slow forwarding can only take place reliably if the reaction is initiated optimally in the delay line.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Fortschreiten der Reaktionszone in einem Zündelement noch sicherer, auch unter erschwerten äußeren Bedingungen zu gewährleisten.The invention has for its object to ensure the progress of the reaction zone in an ignition element even more reliably, even under difficult external conditions.

Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Mittenbereich des die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satzes in die (erste) Verzöge­rungsladung hineinragt.The object is achieved in that the central region of the set igniting the delay line projects into the (first) delay charge.

Der Kern der Erfindung liegt in einer Verbesserung des Über­gangs zwischen dem Anzündsatz und dem Verzögerungssatz. Die geometrische Ausbildung des die (erste) Verzögerungsladung an­zündenden Satzes leistet den größten Beitrag zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit. Dabei ist der die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündende Satz entweder von vornherein ein langsam brennender Anzündsatz oder es sind, besonders bevorzugt,zwischen dem Anzündsatz und der Verzögerungsstrecke ein oder mehrere Übertragungssätze vorhanden, wobei wenigstens der Mittenbereich des die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satzes in die (erste) Verzöge­rungsladung hineinragt.The essence of the invention lies in an improvement in the transition between the firing rate and the delay rate. The geometric design of the set that ignites the (first) delay charge makes the greatest contribution to increasing safety. The set that ignites the delay line is either a slow-burning primer from the outset, or, particularly preferably, there are one or more transmission sets between the primer and the delay line, at least the middle region of the set igniting the delay line protruding into the (first) delay charge.

Zwischen den schichtweise aufgebauten Sätzen in einem Zündele­ment kommt es zu sprungartigen Änderungen der physikalischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere ändert sich die Reaktionsgeschwin­digkeit sehr erheblich; in einem hochempfindlichen Anzündsatz kann sie in der Größenordnung 500 mm/s liegen; im Verzögerungs­satz ist die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit im Bereich 0,7 bis 1 mm/s; in dazwischen geschalteten Übertragungssätzen liegt sie üblicherweise zwischen 30 und 200 mm/s. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Übertragung des Reaktionsprozesses vor allem an solchen Grenzflächen zu Schwierigkeiten führen kann, wo die Reaktions­geschwindigkeit des Verzögerungssatzes nicht mehr so hoch ist, d.h. die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit der Reaktionswelle schon relativ klein ist, daß also insbesondere Störungen beim Über­gang zum Verzögerungssatz auftreten. Wenn sich in die erste Verzögerungsladung der Mittenbereich des den Verzögerungssatz anzündenden Übertragungssatz hineinwölbt, ergibt sich am deutlichsten eine Erhöhung der Zuverlässigkeit.There are abrupt changes in the physical properties between the sets of layers in an ignition element, in particular the reaction speed changes very significantly; in a highly sensitive primer it can be of the order of 500 mm / s; in the deceleration set the propagation speed is in the range 0.7 to 1 mm / s; in intermediate transmission sets it is usually between 30 and 200 mm / s. It has been shown that the transfer of the reaction process can lead to difficulties, especially at those interfaces where the reaction rate of the deceleration set is no longer so high, ie the speed of propagation of the reaction wave is already relatively slow, so that in particular there are disturbances in the transition to the deceleration set . If the center area of the transmission set that ignites the delay set bulges into the first delay charge, the most obvious result is an increase in reliability.

Die mittige Aufwölbung des die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satzes ist bevorzugt kegelförmig; sie kann aber auch vorzugs­weise einer Kugelabschnittsfläche entsprechen. Sie wird be­stimmt durch das Werkzeug, mit dem der Anzündsatz in die zylin­drische Hülse gepreßt wird. Dabei zeigt sich, daß es technisch besonders günstig sein kann, wenn der Mittenflächenbereich ku­gelig abgerundet und die Seitenbereiche kegelstumpfähnlich sind.The central bulge of the set that ignites the delay line is preferably conical; but it can also preferably correspond to a spherical segment surface. It is determined by the tool with which the primer is pressed into the cylindrical sleeve. It shows that it can be technically particularly favorable if the central surface area is rounded and the side areas are frustoconical.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Übergangs zwischen dem die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satzes und der ersten Ver­zögerungsladung ist nicht nur auf die oben beschriebene geome­trische Form zurückzuführen, sondern hängt entscheidend davon ab, daß die gewölbte Grenzfläche über den gesamten Querschnitt reicht. In der FR 2 151 495 ist der Anzündsatz des Treibsatzes eines Raketenmotors beispielsweise auch u.a. kegelförmig, die Grenzfläche zwischen Anzündsatz und Treibsatz überdeckt jedoch nicht den gesamten Querschnitt der Treibladung. Bei dem erfin­dungsgemäßen Zündelement würde eine derartige Geometrie der Grenzfläche nicht zum zuverlässigen Funktionieren - Übertragen der Reaktion des Übertragungssatzes auf den Verzögerungssatz - führen.The design according to the invention of the transition between the set that ignites the delay line and the first delay charge is not only due to the geometric shape described above, but is crucially dependent on the curved interface extending over the entire cross section. In FR 2 151 495, the priming charge of the propellant charge of a rocket engine is, for example, also conical, but the interface between the primer and the propellant does not cover the entire cross-section of the propellant charge. In the ignition element according to the invention, such a geometry of the interface would not lead to reliable functioning - transferring the reaction of the transfer set to the delay set.

Im Gegensatz zur FR 2 151 495 müssen bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Zündelement zuerst der Anzündsatz und danach die Übertragungs­sätze eingeladen werden, wobei die Übertragungsladung und die Verzögerungsladung mit einem Preßstift konkaver Preßfläche ver­dichtet werden. Nur durch dieses an sich ungewöhnliche Ferti­gungsverfahren wird die zuverlässige Reaktionsübertragung vom Anzündsatz auf den Verzögerungssatz erzielt.In contrast to FR 2 151 495, in the ignition element according to the invention first the ignition charge and then the transfer charges must be loaded, the transfer charge and the delay charge being compressed with a pressing pin with a concave pressing surface. It is only through this manufacturing process, which is unusual per se, that reliable reaction transmission from the primer to the retarding set is achieved.

Eine gewisse Abhängigkeit wird auch von der Wanddicke und dem Durchmesser des Zündelements beobachtet. Es ist besonders gün­stig, wenn der Querschnitt der Sätze möglichst groß ist und/oder die Wanddicke des Zündelements möglichst dünn ist. Durch das Hineinragen des Mittenbereichs des die Verzögerungs­strecke anzündenden Satzes in die (erste) Verzögerungsladung wird diese Abhängigkeit gemildert.A certain dependency is also observed on the wall thickness and the diameter of the ignition element. It is particularly favorable if the cross section of the sets is as large as possible and / or the wall thickness of the ignition element is as thin as possible. This dependency is alleviated by protruding into the (first) delay charge of the center area of the set that ignites the delay line.

Die erfindungsgemäße Umgestaltung des Übergangsbereichs zwi­schen dem die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satz und der (er­sten) Verzögerungsladung, der "schwierigsten" Stelle innerhalb eines Zündelements, wo es vor allem dann zu einem Versagen kommt, wenn weitere erschwerende Zusatzanforderungen, wie z.B. ein hoher Drall, dazukommen, läßt sich noch durch weitere Maß­nahmen unterstützen. Eine solche vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Zündelements ist beispielsweise die Auftei­lung des Übertragungssatzes in zwei (oder mehr) Sätze, wodurch es möglich wird, die relativ großen Sprünge in der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit im Anzünd- und Verzögerungssatz zu verkleinern. Die Auswahl der Stoffe für die aufgeteilten Über­tragungssätze steht im wesentlichen unter dem Gesichtspunkt, daß die Sprünge in den physikalischen Eigenschaftswerten an den Grenzflächen kleiner werden. Eine solche Maßnahme steigert die Zuverlässigkeit des Zündelements. Die Aufteilung des Übertra­gungssatzes in zwei oder mehrere Sätze mit sich in kleineren Sprüngen ändernden Eigenschaften kann es darüber hinaus möglich machen, daß der Verzögerungssatz Eigenschaften haben kann, die an sich noch mehr erwünscht sind, wie beispielsweise eine noch kleinere Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit, ein solches Material für den Verzögerungssatz aber bisher deswegen nicht in Frage kam, weil sonst der Übergang vom Anzündsatz zum Verzögerungssatz noch problematischer (weil zu verschieden) geworden wäre.The inventive redesign of the transition area between the set that ignites the delay line and the (first) delay charge, the "most difficult" point within an ignition element, where failure occurs above all if further aggravating additional requirements, such as e.g. a high swirl to be added can be supported by further measures. Such an advantageous embodiment of the ignition element according to the invention is, for example, the division of the transmission set into two (or more) sets, which makes it possible to reduce the relatively large jumps in the reaction speed in the ignition and retardation set. The choice of substances for the split transfer rates is essentially from the point of view that the jumps in the physical property values at the interfaces become smaller. Such a measure increases the reliability of the ignition element. Splitting the transfer set into two or more sets with properties changing in smaller increments can also make it possible for the delay set to have properties that are even more desirable per se, such as an even slower response speed, such a material for the Delay rate has so far not been considered, because otherwise the transition from the firing rate to the delay rate would have been even more problematic (because it was too different).

Eine weitere Verbesserung wird erreicht, wenn die sonst bekann­ten planparallelen Übergangsbereiche zwischen den einzelnen Verzögerungsladungen auch gemäß dem Hauptanspruch verändert werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei eine Änderung des Be­reichs zwischen der ersten und zweiten Verzögerungsladung. Die einzelnen Verzögerungsladungen sind normalerweise chemisch und physikalisch gleichartig. Die Verzögerungsstrecke ist nur aus herstellungstechnischen Gründen in mehrere Ladungen unterteilt. Es bedeutet praktisch kein Mehraufwand, wenn die in Detona­tionsrichtung vordere Seite der ersten Verzögerungsladung auch aufgewölbt ist, was mit dem gleichen Werkzeug erfolgen kann. Es wird mit dieser Maßnahme eine weitere Verbesserung der Zuver­lässigkeit beobachtet.A further improvement is achieved if the otherwise known plane-parallel transition areas between the individual delay charges are also changed in accordance with the main claim. A change in the range between the first and second delay charges is particularly preferred. The individual delay charges are usually chemically and physically identical. The delay line is divided into several charges only for manufacturing reasons. It means practically no additional effort if the front side of the first delay charge in the detonation direction is also bulged, which can be done with the same tool. It a further improvement in reliability is observed with this measure.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und weiter bei­spielhaft beschrieben.
Die Figur zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein Zündelement mit detona­tivem Ausgang.The invention is illustrated in the drawing and further described by way of example.
The figure shows a section through an ignition element with a detonative output.

Das Zündelement besteht aus einer zylindrischen Hülse 1 mit ei­nem Außendurchmesser von 5 mm und einer Länge von 17 mm. In Richtung des Fortschritts der Detonationszone gesehen (in der Zeichnung von unten nach oben) besteht die erste Schicht 2 aus einem empfindlichen Friktionssatz hoher Reaktionsgeschwindig­keit, der mit einer Anstichnadel angezündet wird, und in dem die Rekationszone mit einer Geschwindigkeit von ca. 500 mm/s fortschreitet.The ignition element consists of a cylindrical sleeve 1 with an outer diameter of 5 mm and a length of 17 mm. In the direction of the progress of the detonation zone (in the drawing from bottom to top), the first layer 2 consists of a sensitive friction set of high reaction speed, which is ignited with a piercing needle, and in which the reaction zone at a speed of approx. 500 mm / s progresses.

Das Zündelement ist für relativ lange Verzögerungszeiten (größenordnungsmäßig 10 s) ausgelegt. In der Verzögerungs­strecke liegt die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit unter 0,8 mm/s. Fer­tigungsbedingt besteht der Verzögerungssatz aus vier chemisch und physikalisch gleichartigen Ladungen 3, 4, 5, 6. Die Über­tragungsstrecke besteht hier aus zwei Sätzen 7, 8, die sich in der chemischen Zusammensetzung unterscheiden und die so aufein­ander abgestimmt sind, daß die Stufen der Eigenschaftswerte an den Grenzflächen möglichst klein sind.The ignition element is designed for relatively long delay times (on the order of 10 s). The response speed in the delay line is less than 0.8 mm / s. Due to the manufacturing process, the delay set consists of four chemically and physically identical charges 3, 4, 5, 6. The transmission path here consists of two sets 7, 8, which differ in their chemical composition and which are matched to one another in such a way that the levels of the property values are the interfaces are as small as possible.

In diesem Beispiel ist zweimal beim Übergang zwischen den Sät­zen von der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung des Übergangsbereichs bzw. der Gestaltung der Bodenfläche der üblicherweise zylindri­schen Sätze Gebrauch gemacht. Als wichtigster Übergangsbereich wird die Fläche zwischen dem Übertragungssatz 8 und der ersten Verzögerungsladung 3 angesehen. Darüber hinaus hat auch noch der Übergangsbereich von der ersten Verzögerungsladung 3 zur zweiten Verzögerungsladung 4 die gleiche Form. Dieser zweite gewölbte Übergang wäre aufgrund der gleichen Zusammensetzung der Sätze 3 und 4 nicht unbedingt erforderlich. Es kommt jedoch bei der Pressung der vorderen Elementflächen auch noch zu einer besseren Verbindung zwischen der Verzögerungsladung 3 und dem Übertragungssatz 8.In this example, twice during the transition between the sets, the design of the transition area according to the invention or the design of the bottom surface of the usually cylindrical sets is used. The area between the transfer set 8 and the first delay charge 3 is regarded as the most important transition area. In addition, the transition area from the first delay charge 3 to the second delay charge 4 also has the same shape. This second arched transition would not be absolutely necessary due to the same composition of sentences 3 and 4. However, there is also a pressing of the front element surfaces better connection between the delay charge 3 and the transfer set 8.

Der Ausgang des Detonators ist in bekannter Weise ausgeführt. An die letzte Verzögerungsladung 6 schließt sich eine Bleiazid­ladung 9 und an diese eine PETN-Ladung 10 an, die mit einem Aluminiumplättchen 11 abgedeckt ist. Die letzte Schicht 12 be­steht aus einem Dichtungslack.The output of the detonator is designed in a known manner. The last delay charge 6 is followed by a lead azide charge 9 and a PETN charge 10, which is covered with an aluminum plate 11. The last layer 12 consists of a sealing lacquer.

Bisher hat man bei einem Zündelement mit so langen Verzöge­rungszeiten, das in Munition eingebaut ist, die mit 12 000 U/min und mehr rotiert, immer wieder ein Abreißen der Reaktion beobachtet. Mit Zündelementen, wie sie in der Figur dargestellt sind, wurden solche Versager selbst bei Rotationsgeschwindig­keiten von 17 000 U/min nicht mehr beobachtet. Auch die Anfäl­ligkeit gegen Schocks und tiefe Temperaturen ist hier auffällig reduziert.So far, the reaction has been repeatedly observed with an ignition element with such long delay times, which is installed in ammunition, which rotates at 12,000 rpm and more. With ignition elements, as shown in the figure, such failures were no longer observed, even at rotational speeds of 17,000 rpm. The susceptibility to shocks and low temperatures is also noticeably reduced here.

Claims (8)

1. Zündelement, enthaltend in zylindersymmetrischer Anord­nung, schichtweise nacheinander angeordnet, einen Anzünd­satz, eine Verzögerungsstrecke, aufgebaut aus einem oder mehreren Verzögerungsladungen, und einen detonativen oder flammgebenden Ausgang, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mittenbereich des die Verzögerungsstrecke (3, 4, 5, 6) an­zündenden Satzes (8) in die (erste) Verzögerungsladung (3) hineinragt.1. Ignition element, comprising in a cylinder-symmetrical arrangement, arranged in layers one after the other, an ignition charge, a delay line, made up of one or more delay charges, and a detonative or flame-emitting output, characterized in that the central region of the delay line (3, 4, 5, 6 ) igniting sentence (8) protrudes into the (first) delay charge (3). 2. Zündelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündende Satz ein langsam brennender Anzündsatz ist.2. Ignition element according to claim 1, characterized in that the set which ignites the delay line is a slow-burning set of primers. 3. Zündelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der die Verzögerungsstrecke (3, 4, 5, 6) anzündende Satz ein Übertragungssatz (7,8) ist.3. Ignition element according to claim 1, characterized in that the delay line (3, 4, 5, 6) igniting sentence is a transmission sentence (7,8). 4. Zündelement nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein weiterer Übertragungssatz (7) zwischen dem Anzündsatz (2) und der Verzögerungsstrecke (3, 4, 5, 6) vorhanden ist, und die Übertragungssätze (7, 8) aus sol­chen Komponenten aufgebaut sind, daß die Sprünge der Ei­genschaftswerte (insbesondere bei Ausbreitungsgeschwin­digkeit der Reaktion) an den Grenzflächen kleiner werden.4. Ignition element according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one further transmission set (7) between the ignition set (2) and the delay line (3, 4, 5, 6) is present, and the transmission sets (7, 8) from such components are built up so that the jumps in the property values (especially when the reaction propagates) at the interfaces become smaller. 5. Zündelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß der Übergangsbereich zwischen dem die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satz (8) und der (ersten) Verzögerungsladung (3) näherungsweise kegelförmig ist.5. Ignition element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transition region between the set igniting the delay line (8) and the (first) delay charge (3) is approximately conical. 6. Zündelement nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vordere Bereich des Kegels näherungsweise kugelförmig abgerundet ist.6. Ignition element according to claim 5, characterized in that the front region of the cone is rounded approximately spherically. 7. Zündelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Übergangsbereich zwischen dem die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satz (8) und der ersten Verzögerungsladung (3) kugelabschnittsförmig ist.7. Ignition element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transition region between which the Delay distance igniting set (8) and the first delay charge (3) is spherical. 8. Zündelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einer Verzögerungsstrecke mit meh­reren Verzögerungsladungen (3, 4, 5, 6) der Mittenbereich wenigstens der ersten Verzögerungsladung (3) in die zweite Verzögerungsladung (4) hineinragt.8. Ignition element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in the case of a delay line with a plurality of delay charges (3, 4, 5, 6), the center region of at least the first delay charge (3) projects into the second delay charge (4).
EP89100116A 1988-01-09 1989-01-05 Initiator having a long delay Expired - Lifetime EP0324371B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3800455 1988-01-09
DE3800455A DE3800455A1 (en) 1988-01-09 1988-01-09 IGNITION ELEMENT, PREFERABLY WITH A LONG DELAY TIME

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EP0324371A2 true EP0324371A2 (en) 1989-07-19
EP0324371A3 EP0324371A3 (en) 1989-11-02
EP0324371B1 EP0324371B1 (en) 1995-03-15

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EP89100116A Expired - Lifetime EP0324371B1 (en) 1988-01-09 1989-01-05 Initiator having a long delay

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US (2) US5054396A (en)
EP (1) EP0324371B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE119994T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3800455A1 (en)
DK (1) DK4989A (en)
ES (1) ES2068839T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3015433T3 (en)
IL (1) IL88897A (en)
NO (1) NO170865C (en)
TR (1) TR25126A (en)

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EP0491530A2 (en) * 1990-12-16 1992-06-24 Israel Military Industries Ltd. Delay detonator
WO2008074037A2 (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-19 African Explosives Limited Rigid time delay element

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FR2754051B3 (en) * 1989-03-20 1999-01-22 Breed Automotive Tech HIGH-TEMPERATURE, LOW-DEMAND STABLE PRIMER / DETONATOR AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING SAME
US5187319A (en) * 1990-09-20 1993-02-16 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Low vulnerability component of explosive ammunition and process for initiating a charge of low-sensitivity composite explosive
US5204492A (en) * 1991-10-30 1993-04-20 Ici Explosives Usa Inc. Low noise, low shrapnel detonator assembly for initiating signal transmission lines
FR2704944B1 (en) * 1993-05-05 1995-08-04 Ncs Pyrotechnie Technologies Electro-pyrotechnic initiator.
IL108452A0 (en) * 1994-01-27 1994-11-11 Feigelson Leonid Autonomous electric detonator
DE10057673A1 (en) * 2000-11-21 2002-05-23 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh warhead
US6739264B1 (en) * 2002-11-04 2004-05-25 Key Safety Systems, Inc. Low cost ignition device for gas generators
US8776689B2 (en) * 2011-03-25 2014-07-15 Vincent Gonsalves Energetics train reaction and method of making an intensive munitions detonator

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FR1576201A (en) * 1967-08-17 1969-07-25
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EP0491530A2 (en) * 1990-12-16 1992-06-24 Israel Military Industries Ltd. Delay detonator
US5175390A (en) * 1990-12-16 1992-12-29 Israel Military Industries Ltd. Delay detonator
EP0491530A3 (en) * 1990-12-16 1992-12-30 Israel Military Industries Ltd. Delay detonator
WO2008074037A2 (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-19 African Explosives Limited Rigid time delay element
WO2008074037A3 (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-07-31 African Explosives Ltd Rigid time delay element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO170865C (en) 1992-12-16
ATE119994T1 (en) 1995-04-15
DE3800455A1 (en) 1989-07-20
IL88897A0 (en) 1989-08-15
ES2068839T3 (en) 1995-05-01
DK4989A (en) 1989-07-10
EP0324371B1 (en) 1995-03-15
GR3015433T3 (en) 1995-06-30
DK4989D0 (en) 1989-01-06
TR25126A (en) 1992-10-01
NO170865B (en) 1992-09-07
DE58909103D1 (en) 1995-04-20
EP0324371A3 (en) 1989-11-02
IL88897A (en) 1994-10-21
US5054396A (en) 1991-10-08
NO890058D0 (en) 1989-01-06
NO890058L (en) 1989-07-10
US5125335A (en) 1992-06-30

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