EP0324183A1 - One piece support with several levels for the thermal treatment of shafts or axles - Google Patents

One piece support with several levels for the thermal treatment of shafts or axles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0324183A1
EP0324183A1 EP88121890A EP88121890A EP0324183A1 EP 0324183 A1 EP0324183 A1 EP 0324183A1 EP 88121890 A EP88121890 A EP 88121890A EP 88121890 A EP88121890 A EP 88121890A EP 0324183 A1 EP0324183 A1 EP 0324183A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parts
orifices
ribs
support
shafts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88121890A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0324183B1 (en
Inventor
Emile Vigouroux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mancelle de Fonderie SA
Original Assignee
Mancelle de Fonderie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mancelle de Fonderie SA filed Critical Mancelle de Fonderie SA
Priority to AT88121890T priority Critical patent/ATE87089T1/en
Publication of EP0324183A1 publication Critical patent/EP0324183A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0324183B1 publication Critical patent/EP0324183B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/005—Supports specially adapted for holding elongated articles in an upright position, e.g. sparking plugs

Abstract

Support for thermal treatment of parts (1), such as shafts or axles, in vertical position, characterised in that it comprises a one- piece assembly (4) in the form of a plate which connects simultaneously an upper level (5) formed by support orifices (7, 8), possibly on a number of alternate levels (8a, 8b), for the support and direct centring of the lower end (10) of the parts (1), these orifices (7, 8) being connected by horizontal ribs (9, 9a), a lower level (6), also formed by orifices (11, 12) and ribs (13, 13a), and vertical pillars (14) connecting these ribs (9, 9a; 13, 13a) of one level and another, while allowing large openings (15) to subsist for circulation of the fluids. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne les montages de support et de manutention pour le traitement thermique en groupes de pièces mécaniques telles que des arbres ou des axes.The invention relates to support and handling assemblies for heat treatment in groups of mechanical parts such as shafts or axes.

Les montages de traitements thermiques les plus couramment utilisés sont de deux types : un premier type où les pièces sont posées et guidées, et un deuxième type où les pièces sont suspendues.The most commonly used heat treatment assemblies are of two types: a first type where the parts are placed and guided, and a second type where the parts are suspended.

Les montages du premier type sont constitués par un plateau de base pour la manutention comportant des colonnes sur lesquelles se montent une grille inférieure et une grille supérieure séparées par des entretoises tubulaires entourant les colonnes, chaque pièce étant supportée par un intercalaire de support se montant dans un des logements de la grille inférieure, et guidée à sa partie supérieure par un intercalaire de guidage se montant dans un orifice similaire de la grille supérieure.The assemblies of the first type consist of a base plate for handling comprising columns on which are mounted a lower grid and an upper grid separated by tubular spacers surrounding the columns, each part being supported by a support interlayer being mounted in one of the housings of the lower grid, and guided at its upper part by a guide insert being mounted in a similar orifice of the upper grid.

Les montages du deuxième type comportent les mêmes éléments que ceux du premier type, excepté la grille inférieure et les intercalaires de guidage, les intercalaires de support étant d'un type spécial et montés dans la grille supérieure.The second type assemblies include the same elements as those of the first type, except the lower grid and the guide spacers, the support spacers being of a special type and mounted in the upper grid.

Les inconvénients majeurs de ces montages de l'un et l'autre type sont la multiplicité des composants, le poids élevé du montage rapporté au poids des pièces traitées, et corrélativement la grande inertie thermique, la complexité des manipulations de mise en place des pièces conduisant à l'impossibilité pratique de chargement et de déchargement automatiques, et enfin le maintien imparfait des pièces conduisant à des chocs entre pièces préjudiciables à la qualité.The major drawbacks of these assemblies of one and the other type are the multiplicity of the components, the high weight of the assembly in relation to the weight of the parts treated, and correlatively the great thermal inertia, the complexity of the manipulations for placing the parts. leading to the practical impossibility of automatic loading and unloading, and finally the imperfect maintenance of the parts leading to shocks between parts detrimental to the quality.

Le but de l'invention est d'éliminer les inconvénients précédents, c'est-à-dire de réaliser un montage qui, comme les précédents, assure le positionnement vertical des pièces pour éviter les déformations en cours de traitement, mais qui soit tout à la fois le plus léger possible tout en groupant le maximum de nombre de pièces afin de maximiser la charge utile ainsi que le nombre de pièces à traiter par charge, qui favorise les conditions de refroidissement lors de la trempe par un bon passage des fluides, qui soit hautement résistant aux chocs thermiques et aux efforts de poussée d'un four poussant, et qui enfin, permette la mise en place des pièces d'une manière simple aisément automatisable.The object of the invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks, that is to say to produce an assembly which, like the previous ones, ensures the vertical positioning of the parts to avoid deformations during processing, but which is entirely at the same time as light as possible while grouping the maximum number of parts in order to maximize the payload as well as the number of parts to be treated per load, which favors the cooling conditions during quenching by good passage of fluids, which is highly resistant to thermal shock and to the thrust forces of a pushing furnace, and which finally allows the positioning of the parts in a simple manner that can easily be automated.

Pour cela, l'invention consiste à réaliser un montage pour le traitement thermique d'arbres ou d'axes en position verticale comportant un ensemble monobloc en forme de plateau qui réunit à la fois un étage supérieur formé d'orifices de support, éventuellement sur plusieurs niveaux alternés, pour le support et le centrage direct de l'extrémité inférieure des pièces, ces orifices étant réunis par des nervures horizontales, un étage inférieur formé également d'orifices et de nervures, et des piliers verticaux réunissant ces nervures de l'un et l'autre étage, tout en laissant subsister de larges ouvertures pour la circulation des fluides.For this, the invention consists in making an assembly for the heat treatment of trees or axes in a vertical position comprising a monobloc assembly in the form of a plate which combines both an upper stage formed of support orifices, possibly on several alternating levels, for direct support and centering of the lower end of the parts, these orifices being joined by horizontal ribs, a lower stage also formed of orifices and ribs, and vertical pillars joining these ribs from one and the other stage, while leaving large openings for the circulation of fluids .

Eventuellement, plusieurs de ces plateaux garnis de pièces peuvent être superposés au moyen de colonnes étagées.Optionally, several of these trays filled with parts can be superimposed by means of stepped columns.

D'autres particularités de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description qui va suivre de deux modes de réalisation pris comme exemple et représentés sur le dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective avec arraché partiel d'un premier mode de réalisation avec une seule des pièces à traiter en place;
  • la figure 2 représente en élévation et en coupe partielle le deuxième mode de réalisation;
  • la figure 3 représente en coupe et à plus grande échelle un fragment de ce deuxième mode de réalisation; et
  • la figure 4 est une vue de dessus de la figure 3.
Other features of the invention will appear in the following description of two embodiments taken as an example and shown in the attached drawing, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view with partial cutaway of a first embodiment with only one of the parts to be treated in place;
  • Figure 2 shows in elevation and in partial section the second embodiment;
  • Figure 3 shows in section and on a larger scale a fragment of this second embodiment; and
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3.

Dans les exemples choisis, les pièces 1 à traiter sont supposées être des arbres 2 de boîte de vitesse comportant plusieurs pignons 3 constitués en une seule pièce avec l'arbre 2, ce type de pièce étant particulièrement difficile à traiter. Bien entendu, l'invention s'appliquerait à fortiori à des pièces longilignes de forme plus simple et moins encombrante.In the examples chosen, the parts 1 to be treated are assumed to be gearbox shafts 2 comprising several pinions 3 formed in one piece with the shaft 2, this type of part being particularly difficult to treat. Of course, the invention would apply a fortiori to elongated parts of simpler shape and less bulky.

On voit, sur la figure 1, l'ensemble unique 4 en forme de plateau à deux étages 5 et 6. L'étage supérieur 5 comprend un certain nombre d'orifices 7 entourés chacun par un manchon tubulaire 8, ces divers manchons 8 et orifices 7 étant disposés en réseau bidimentionnel et réunis entre eux par des nervures 9 dans au moins deux directions. Chaque orifice 7 est destiné à recevoir une partie inférieure cylindrique 10 d'une des pièces 1 qui s'appuie par une partie conique ou plane sur le bord supérieur du manchon 8 correspondant.We see, in Figure 1, the single assembly 4 in the form of a two-stage tray 5 and 6. The upper stage 5 comprises a number of orifices 7 each surrounded by a tubular sleeve 8, these various sleeves 8 and orifices 7 being arranged in a two-dimensional network and joined together by ribs 9 in at least two directions. Each orifice 7 is intended to receive a cylindrical lower part 10 of one of the parts 1 which is supported by a conical or planar part on the upper edge of the corresponding sleeve 8.

L'étage inférieur 6 est constitué également d'orifices 11 entourés par des manchons cylindriques 12 eux-mêmes réunis par des nervures 13, de préférence également dans les deux directions. Des nervures particulières d'encadrement 9a ceinturent tout l'ensemble de l'étage supérieur 5, et de la même manière des nervures particulières 13a ceinturent l'ensemble de l'étage inférieur 6.The lower stage 6 also consists of orifices 11 surrounded by cylindrical sleeves 12 themselves joined by ribs 13, preferably also in the two directions. Special framing ribs 9a surround the entire upper stage 5, and in the same way special ribs 13a surround the entire lower stage 6.

De plus, une série de piliers verticaux 14 réunissent deux à deux des nervures telles que 9 ou 9a de l'étage supérieur et des nervures telles que 13 ou 13a de l'étage inférieur. Enfin, comme il apparaît clairement sur la figure 1, toutes ces nervures et ces piliers laissent subsister entre eux de larges ouvertures 15 servant tout à la fois à assurer la libre circulation du fluide de chauffage, puis de refroidissement, et en même temps à alléger la pièce tout en lui conservant une haute résistance.In addition, a series of vertical pillars 14 join two by two of the ribs such as 9 or 9a of the upper stage and ribs such as 13 or 13a of the lower stage. Finally, as it clearly appears in FIG. 1, all these ribs and these pillars allow large openings 15 to exist between them, serving both to ensure the free circulation of the heating and then cooling fluid, and at the same time to lighten the part while retaining high resistance.

Conformément à l'invention, tout l'ensemble du plateau 4 est réalisé en une seule pièce, ce qui peut être obtenu aisément par exemple en fonderie à l'aide d'un alliage à haute résistance aux chocs thermiques.According to the invention, the whole of the plate 4 is made in one piece, which can be easily obtained for example in foundry using an alloy with high resistance to thermal shock.

Dans le deuxième mode de réalisation des figures 2 à 4, les orifices 7 et les manchons 8 du plateau supérieur sont disposés sur deux niveaux alternés, tels que 8a et 8b, afin d'éviter, comme on le voit sur les figures 2 et 3, l'interférence entre les engrenages 3 de plus grand diamètre afin de réduire l'entraxe des orifices 7 et par suite, augmenter la charge par plateau.In the second embodiment of Figures 2 to 4, the holes 7 and the sleeves 8 of the upper plate are arranged on two alternating levels, such as 8a and 8b, in order to avoid, as seen in Figures 2 and 3 , the interference between the gears 3 of larger diameter in order to reduce the center distance of the orifices 7 and consequently increase the load per plate.

Dans les deux cas, on a donc un plateau à deux étages sous la forme monobloc, donc très rigide et se déformant de manière uniforme pendant le traitement thermique. En outre, l'ensemble est relativement simple et léger, surtout eu égard au poids de pièces supportées, tout en améliorant la qualité des pièces par une excellente tenue qui empêche les chocs des pièces entre elles pendant le traitement et au cours du chargement.In both cases, there is therefore a two-stage plate in the monobloc form, therefore very rigid and deforming uniformly during the heat treatment. In addition, the assembly is relatively simple and light, especially with regard to the weight of supported parts, while improving the quality of the parts by an excellent resistance which prevents the shocks of the parts between them during treatment and during loading.

Par ailleurs, le chargement des pièces se fait d'une manière extrêmement simple, puisqu'il suffit d'amener chaque pièce en face de l'orifice 7 correspondant et de l'y introduire par simple translation axiale verticale, ce qui est aisément réalisable par un bras manipulateur. Enfin, en plus du faible coût, de la haute résistance, et du faible poids du plateau selon l'invention, le poids de pièces supportées peut être relativement élevé, surtout avec le deuxième mode de réalisation.Furthermore, the loading of the parts is done in an extremely simple manner, since it suffices to bring each part in front of the corresponding orifice 7 and to introduce it there by simple vertical axial translation, which is easily achievable by a manipulator arm. Finally, in addition to the low cost, the high resistance, and the low weight of the tray according to the invention, the weight of supported parts can be relatively high, especially with the second embodiment.

Par ailleurs, l'invention permet, si on le désire, de superposer deux ou plusieurs plateaux semblables pour un traitement thermique simultané, en empilant ces plateaux, une fois chargés de leurs pièces, les uns sur les autres au moyen de colonnes étagées telles que représentées en 16 sur la figure2, chacune de ces colonnes ayant par exemple une section en X avec un embout inférieur 17 cylindrique à embase 18 et un embout supérieur 19 qui peut être également à section en X et comporter une embase de butée 20. Les embouts 17 et 19 peuvent se monter dans des trous supplémentaires prévus à cet effet, par exemple dans les angles de chaque plateau 4. Cette dernière disposition améliore encore la densité du chargement, donc la productivité du traitement.Furthermore, the invention makes it possible, if desired, to superimpose two or more similar trays for simultaneous heat treatment, by stacking these trays, once loaded with their parts, on top of each other by means of stepped columns such as shown at 16 in FIG. 2, each of these columns having for example an X section with a cylindrical lower end 17 with base 18 and an upper end 19 which can also be X section and include a stop base 20. The ends 17 and 19 can be mounted in additional holes provided for this purpose, for example in the corners of each plate 4. This latter arrangement further improves the density of the load, therefore the productivity of the treatment.

Claims (3)

1. Montage pour traitement thermique de pièces (1), telles que arbres ou axes, en position verticale, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un ensemble monobloc (4) en forme de plateau qui réunit à la fois un étage supérieur (5) formé d'orifices de support (7,8) éventuellement sur plusieurs niveaux alternés (8a,8b) pour le support et le centrage direct de l'extrémité inférieure (10) des pièces (1), ces orifices (7,8) étant réunis par des nervures horizontales (9,9a), un étage inférieur (6) formé également d'orifices (11,12) et de nervures (13,13a), et des piliers verticaux (14) réunissant ces nervures (9,9a;13,13a) de l'un et l'autre étage, tout en laissant subsister de larges ouvertures (15) pour la circulation des fluides.1. Assembly for heat treatment of parts (1), such as shafts or axes, in a vertical position, characterized in that it comprises a monobloc assembly (4) in the form of a tray which combines both an upper stage (5 ) formed of support orifices (7,8) possibly on several alternating levels (8a, 8b) for the support and direct centering of the lower end (10) of the parts (1), these orifices (7,8) being joined by horizontal ribs (9,9a), a lower stage (6) also formed of orifices (11,12) and ribs (13,13a), and vertical pillars (14) joining these ribs (9, 9a; 13,13a) of one and the other stage, while leaving large openings (15) for the circulation of fluids. 2. Montage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est réalisé sous la forme d'une pièce unique de fonderie.2. Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it is produced in the form of a single piece of foundry. 3. Montage selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend en outre des orifices (21) pour le montage de colonnes étagées (16) permettant la superposition de plusieurs plateaux (4) munis chacun de son chargement de pièces (1).3. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises orifices (21) for the mounting of stepped columns (16) allowing the superimposition of several trays (4) each provided with its loading of parts ( 1).
EP88121890A 1988-01-15 1988-12-30 One piece support with several levels for the thermal treatment of shafts or axles Expired - Lifetime EP0324183B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88121890T ATE87089T1 (en) 1988-01-15 1988-12-30 MULTI-STAGE ONE-PIECE HEAT TREATMENT FITTING FOR SHAFTS AND AXLES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8800451A FR2626068B1 (en) 1988-01-15 1988-01-15 MONOBLOCK MOUNTING WITH STAGE PLATES FOR THERMAL TREATMENT OF TREES OR AXES
FR8800451 1988-01-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0324183A1 true EP0324183A1 (en) 1989-07-19
EP0324183B1 EP0324183B1 (en) 1993-03-17

Family

ID=9362362

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88121890A Expired - Lifetime EP0324183B1 (en) 1988-01-15 1988-12-30 One piece support with several levels for the thermal treatment of shafts or axles

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4978109A (en)
EP (1) EP0324183B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01287219A (en)
AT (1) ATE87089T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1327815C (en)
DE (1) DE3879454T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2038737T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2626068B1 (en)
PT (1) PT89429B (en)

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2772467A1 (en) * 1997-12-15 1999-06-18 Snecma LOADING DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING PARTS TO BE HEAT TREATED IN AN OVEN
CN102483306A (en) * 2009-08-14 2012-05-30 Gtd石墨技术股份有限公司 Improved workpiece-carrier
CN105349740A (en) * 2015-11-15 2016-02-24 岳文智 Quenching support for metal tube machining

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DE4016172C1 (en) * 1990-05-19 1991-03-28 Werner 5900 Siegen De Ackermann
DE29608569U1 (en) * 1996-05-13 1996-08-14 Heess Karl Maschinen Device for receiving and implementing heat treatment steps to be subjected to workpieces
US5752821A (en) * 1996-07-02 1998-05-19 Kia Motors Corporation Tray for heat treatment furnace
DE19957906A1 (en) * 1999-12-01 2001-06-28 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Method for producing a fiber composite component and device for producing one
DE10109565B4 (en) * 2001-02-28 2005-10-20 Vacuheat Gmbh Method and device for partial thermochemical vacuum treatment of metallic workpieces
WO2002097141A1 (en) 2001-05-29 2002-12-05 Demmer Corporation Heat treatment container
CN1322148C (en) * 2004-12-16 2007-06-20 上海汽车股份有限公司 Quenching for material rack by high pressure gas
DE102005001440A1 (en) * 2005-01-09 2006-07-20 Wolfgang Meinus Device for mounting of workpieces installed in vertical position, such as shafts and axles for thermal treatment, has multi-tier unit with supports cast on grate and centered between grates by conical and/or pyramid connections
CN102080144B (en) * 2010-11-29 2012-08-08 苏州中门子科技有限公司 Module type deformation-resisting furnace baseboard
KR101366704B1 (en) 2012-06-22 2014-02-25 (주)수산서비스 A basket for heat treatmenting of breaker parts
JP6697902B2 (en) * 2016-02-26 2020-05-27 株式会社三井ハイテック Tray and heat treatment method
WO2020040207A1 (en) * 2018-08-21 2020-02-27 日光金属株式会社 Tray member for heat treatment and laminated structure for heat treatment
CN109366394A (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-02-22 盐城远大金属科技有限公司 A kind of band hole axle class tooling
CN112359197A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-12 中冶陕压重工设备有限公司 Tray for large heat treatment gas furnace

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DE2542083B1 (en) * 1975-07-30 1976-03-25 Deere & Co Transport container made of heat-resistant steel for articles to be hardened
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2772467A1 (en) * 1997-12-15 1999-06-18 Snecma LOADING DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING PARTS TO BE HEAT TREATED IN AN OVEN
WO1999031284A1 (en) * 1997-12-15 1999-06-24 Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation - Snecma Loading device for supporting parts to be thermally treated in a furnace
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CN102483306A (en) * 2009-08-14 2012-05-30 Gtd石墨技术股份有限公司 Improved workpiece-carrier
CN105349740A (en) * 2015-11-15 2016-02-24 岳文智 Quenching support for metal tube machining

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3879454D1 (en) 1993-04-22
JPH01287219A (en) 1989-11-17
DE3879454T2 (en) 1993-09-09
EP0324183B1 (en) 1993-03-17
CA1327815C (en) 1994-03-15
PT89429A (en) 1989-10-04
PT89429B (en) 1994-01-31
US4978109A (en) 1990-12-18
FR2626068A1 (en) 1989-07-21
FR2626068B1 (en) 1990-06-29
ES2038737T3 (en) 1993-08-01
ATE87089T1 (en) 1993-04-15

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