EP0323572B1 - Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical clamping, espcially during bevelling and facetting - Google Patents

Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical clamping, espcially during bevelling and facetting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0323572B1
EP0323572B1 EP88119936A EP88119936A EP0323572B1 EP 0323572 B1 EP0323572 B1 EP 0323572B1 EP 88119936 A EP88119936 A EP 88119936A EP 88119936 A EP88119936 A EP 88119936A EP 0323572 B1 EP0323572 B1 EP 0323572B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping
spindle
pressure
centring
axially
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88119936A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0323572A2 (en
EP0323572A3 (en
Inventor
Erhard Brück
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Wilhelm Loh Wetzlar Optikmaschinen GmbH and Co KG
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Wilhelm Loh Wetzlar Optikmaschinen GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0323572A3 publication Critical patent/EP0323572A3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
    • B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
    • B24B9/08—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass
    • B24B9/14—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass of optical work, e.g. lenses, prisms
    • B24B9/146—Accessories, e.g. lens mounting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/005—Blocking means, chucks or the like; Alignment devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S82/00—Turning
    • Y10S82/903—Balancing and centering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2552—Headstock
    • Y10T82/2562—Spindle and bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2568—Center
    • Y10T82/2571—Alignment adjuster
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/26—Work driver

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for centering optical lenses for mechanical mounting, in particular for edge grinding and faceting, according to the preamble of claim 1 (see e.g. DE-A-2 756 407).
  • the lens has been clamped at high pressure between two bells so that its position no longer changes automatically.
  • the clamping bells were vibrated by ultrasound during the clamping process in order to convert the static friction between the bell and the lens into a lower sliding friction.
  • this transition took place suddenly, which often caused damage to the lens with undesired material removal.
  • a device is known in which irregularities of a gear drive are exploited to generate relative movements between the lens and the clamping bell.
  • a balance beam differential is provided in a bevel gear train between the two parts of a two-part centering spindle and drive shaft.
  • a hydraulic clamping cylinder is available for a pressure plate of the upper, axially movable spindle. Due to the high friction of the clamping spindle in its slide bearing, however, it is difficult to achieve fine regulation of the clamping pressure, so that this device can also be used only to a limited extent.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the centering and alignment of lenses by means of clamping elements in a simple manner while overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art, whereby damage to the lenses by a sensitive delivery can be avoided.
  • the centering spindles are designed as rigid, radially and axially directly supported shafts and can be moved toward and away from one another by means of a pressure medium-operated, in particular hydraulic, clamping device. So the spindle shafts themselves are used directly for play-free radial and axial bearings.
  • the spindle is additionally supported by a membrane piston that works in parallel with the clamping device.
  • the clamping spindles are roughly set by the clamping device, but the lens is not yet clamped between the clamping bells. Then the sensitive delivery takes place by means of the membrane piston, so that the lens can align itself between the clamping bells, damage to the lens being avoided.
  • the static friction can be converted into sliding friction using the means described at the beginning. After the alignment process, the actual clamping process then takes place using the clamping device.
  • the cylinder housings with the yoke connecting them move axially in the direction of the fixed spindle due to the pressure acting on the long-stroke pistons. Since the clamping force for machining the lens exceeds the pressure generated for aligning the lens by a multiple, the membrane piston sits on the yoke and the clamping force of the long-stroke piston fully affects the shaft of the clamping spindle.
  • the pressure acting on the long-stroke piston is set so high that the force applied to the spindle shaft via the yoke is as great as that required on the lens Clamping force plus the spring force with which the axial bearing of the clamping spindle is set.
  • the axial guidance accuracy during the processing of the lens is taken over by the axial bearing of the fixed spindle.
  • clamping device allows the required clamping forces to be applied with a very clear and inexpensive construction.
  • double-acting pressure cylinders are used, which, according to claim 3, are attached to a yoke plate with their housing part and are anchored to the machine housing with their piston rods.
  • Each pressure cylinder advantageously has a short-stroke piston, which is followed by a long-stroke piston with an axial through-bore. This allows the rough delivery to be limited in a simple manner, in which case only the short-stroke piston, which serves to limit the stroke of the long-stroke piston, has to be displaced for the clamping process.
  • the yoke axially supports the lower end of the clamping spindle via the membrane piston.
  • the axial movement of the tensioning device can be controllable according to claim 7 by pressure regulators, dynamometers and the like, which act on the pressure cylinders. This is one good control of the clamping process is guaranteed, so that any rejects during processing are kept to a minimum.
  • the gear elements are designed and arranged so that the clamping device can be actuated independently of the drive state of the clamping spindle. Their axial movement can therefore be precisely controlled at any moment.
  • the device shown has a housing 10 with a shaft bearing 12 for a split drive shaft 14, 14 '. This is via gear elements 16, 16 'with centering spindles 18, 18' in drive connection.
  • the lower centering spindle 18 carries a lower clamping bell 20, the upper centering spindle 18 'an upper clamping bell 20'. In between, a lens L can be clamped for processing.
  • the centering spindles 18, 18 ' are driven synchronously by a motor M via the gear elements 16, 16', the drive shafts 14, 14 ', the torque divider 50 and the belt drive R.
  • the generally C-shaped housing 10 has a lower guide and clamping bearing 22 for the lower centering spindle 18 or an upper guide and clamping bearing 22 'for the upper centering spindle 18' on projecting parts. These guide and clamping bearings are used for the central fixing of the centering spindles during the machining process.
  • a clamping device 24 is accommodated, which can be actuated independently of the gear elements 16 in order to press the lower centering spindle 18 axially aligned with the lens L resting on the lower clamping bell 20 against the upper clamping bell 20 '.
  • the clamping device 24 has a yoke 26 designed as a plate, to which two pressure cylinders 28 with their housing parts are fastened on both sides of the centering spindle axis A.
  • the piston rods 30 of the pressure cylinder 28 pass through the yoke plate 26 freely; they are anchored to a housing plate 29 and have axial through holes 42 to allow double-acting pressurization (as indicated by arrow triangles).
  • a diaphragm piston 32 is arranged centrally in the yoke 26 and acts axially on the lower end of the lower centering spindle 18 via a thrust bearing 33. This is supported axially and radially exactly in a drive wheel 34 with radial bearing 35 and coupling piece 36.
  • the spindle 18 has an outer sleeve 19 which is connected to the inner spindle shaft 18 via a support bearing 84a. This ensures a particularly precise axial and radial support of the centering spindle 18.
  • the pressure cylinders 28 each have a short-stroke piston 38, which is followed by a long-stroke piston 40 with a piston rod 30. If the pressure cylinders 28 at the pressure medium connections I and II are simultaneously acted upon by the same pressure medium, the short-stroke pistons 38 move up to the upper stop in the cylinder housing and the cylinders 28 with the yoke plate 26 and the centering spindle 18 (clamping spindle) held thereon move in the direction of the upper centering spindle 18 '(fixed spindle). The upward movement comes to a standstill as soon as the long-stroke piston 40 strikes the likewise pressurized short-stroke piston 38, which has a larger effective pressure area. In this Position, the fixed spindle 18 'is set so that there is a gap of a few tenths of a millimeter between its clamping bell 20' and the lens L lying on the lower clamping bell 20.
  • the clamping spindle 18 is moved further upward via the diaphragm piston 32. During this axial movement, the lower centering spindle 18 is guided very precisely in the air bearings 90 with extremely little friction. Because the membrane piston 32 also has a very low internal friction, the clamping force required for the alignment of the lens L can be set very sensitively. When the upper clamping bell 20 'touches the upper lens surface, displacement forces act on the lens L, which overcome the static friction of the lens L on the lower clamping bell 20. The lens L therefore shifts and aligns itself with the optical axis A.
  • the thin-walled guide sleeve 86 is deformed centrically towards the center and clamps the guide sleeve 19 with the spindle 18 in the set position without changing the axial position.
  • the clamping force required for processing the lens L exceeds the pressure generated for alignment by means of the membrane piston 32 by a multiple. Therefore, the membrane piston 32 sits on the yoke 26, so that the clamping force of the long-stroke piston 40 fully acts on the shaft of the clamping spindle 18.
  • the pressure acting on the long-stroke piston 40 is set so high that the force applied via the yoke 26 to the lower centering spindle is as great as the clamping force required on the lens L plus the force of the spring 82 with which the axial bearing of this clamping spindle 18 is set.
  • the support bearing 74b of the upper centering spindle 18 ' For the axial guidance accuracy during lens processing, the support bearing 74b of the upper centering spindle 18 '.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zentrieren von optischen Linsen für die mechanische Halterung insbesondere beim Randschleifen und Facettieren gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 (siehe z.B. DE-A-2 756 407).The present invention relates to a device for centering optical lenses for mechanical mounting, in particular for edge grinding and faceting, according to the preamble of claim 1 (see e.g. DE-A-2 756 407).

Gemäß der DE-PS 1 004 516 hat man hierzu die Linse mit hohem Druck zwischen zwei Glocken eingespannt, damit sich ihre Lage nicht mehr selbsttätig ändert. Zum Zentrieren der Linse wurde während des Spannvorganges die Spannglocken durch Ultraschall in Schwingungen versetzt, um die ruhende Reibung zwischen Glocke und Linse in eine niedrigere Gleitreibung umzuwandeln. Dieser Übergang erfolgte jedoch sprunghaft, wodurch häufig Beschädigungen der Linse mit unerwünschtem Materialabtrag auftraten.According to DE-PS 1 004 516, the lens has been clamped at high pressure between two bells so that its position no longer changes automatically. To center the lens, the clamping bells were vibrated by ultrasound during the clamping process in order to convert the static friction between the bell and the lens into a lower sliding friction. However, this transition took place suddenly, which often caused damage to the lens with undesired material removal.

Man hat ferner versucht, die Spannglocken beim Einspannen der Linse mit entgegengesetztem Drehsinn anzutreiben. Auch hierbei besteht ein hohes Beschädigungsrisiko, so daß sich Schleifspuren in Form von in die Linsenoberfläche eingeschnittenen Ringen kaum vermeiden lassen.Attempts have also been made to drive the clamping bells with the opposite direction of rotation when clamping the lens. There is also a high risk of damage here, so that grinding marks in the form of rings cut into the lens surface can hardly be avoided.

In der DE-AS 21 48 102 wurde vorgeschlagen, auf der höhenunveränderlichen Spannglocke einen piezokeramischen Rohrschwinger anzuordnen, der elektrisch über Schwellenwertschalter so gesteuert wird, daß die Spannglocke bei erreichen eines vorgegebenen Druckes absinkt, wodurch der Schwingungsgenerator abgeschaltet wird. Der Piezoschwinger dient gleichzeitig zum Prüfen des Spanndruckes, dem die Schwingungsamplitude geregelt angepaßt wird. Bei dieser Anordnung sind Elektronik-Unsicherheiten nachteilig. Ferner hat der Schwinger eine nicht unbeachtliche Axialdruckempfindlichkeit. Durch die Druckbelastung beim Einspannen entsteht eine Vorspannung; die Abstützung des Schwingers ist daher problematisch.In DE-AS 21 48 102 it has been proposed to arrange a piezoceramic pipe oscillator on the height-adjustable clamping bell, which is controlled electrically via threshold switches so that the clamping bell drops when a predetermined pressure is reached, as a result of which the vibration generator is switched off. The piezo oscillator serves at the same time for checking the clamping pressure to which the vibration amplitude is adjusted in a controlled manner. With this arrangement, electronics uncertainties are disadvantageous. Furthermore, the transducer has a not inconsiderable sensitivity to axial pressure. The pressure load during clamping creates a preload; the support of the transducer is therefore problematic.

Aus der DE-OS 31 39 873 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, bei der Unregelmäßigkeiten eines Zahnradantriebes ausgenutzt werden, um Relativbewegungen zwischen Linse und Spannglocken zu erzeugen. Als Ausgleichseinrichtung ist ein Waagebalken-Differential in einem Kegelrad-Getriebezug zwischen den beiden Teilen einer zweiteiligen Zentrierspindel und Antriebswelle vorgesehen. Für eine Druckplatte der oberen, axialbeweglichen Spindel ist ein hydraulischer Spannzylinder vorhanden. Infolge der hohen Reibung der Spannspindel in ihrer Gleitlagerung ist jedoch eine feine Regulierung des Einspanndruckes schwer zu realisieren, so daß auch diese Vorrichtung nur begrenzt anwendbar ist.From DE-OS 31 39 873 a device is known in which irregularities of a gear drive are exploited to generate relative movements between the lens and the clamping bell. As a compensation device, a balance beam differential is provided in a bevel gear train between the two parts of a two-part centering spindle and drive shaft. A hydraulic clamping cylinder is available for a pressure plate of the upper, axially movable spindle. Due to the high friction of the clamping spindle in its slide bearing, however, it is difficult to achieve fine regulation of the clamping pressure, so that this device can also be used only to a limited extent.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, unter Überwindung der Nachteile des Standes der Tecknik, das Zentrieren und Aussrichten von Linsen mittels Spannelementen auf einfach Weise zu verbessern, wobei Beschädigungen der Linsen durch eine feinfühlige Zustellung vermieden werden.The object of the invention is to improve the centering and alignment of lenses by means of clamping elements in a simple manner while overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art, whereby damage to the lenses by a sensitive delivery can be avoided.

Hauptmerkmale der Erfindung sind im kennzeichnenden Teil von Anspruch 1 angegeben. Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 2 bis 20.Main features of the invention are set out in the characterizing part of claim 1. Refinements are the subject of claims 2 to 20.

Erfindungsgemäß sind die Zentrierspindeln als steife, radial und axial direktgelagerte Wellen ausgebildet und mittels einer druckmittelbetätigten, insbesondere hydraulischen Spanneinrichtung aufeinander zu und voneinander weg bewegbar. Es werden also die Spindelwellen selbst unmittelbar für die spielfreie Radial- und Axiallagerung verwendet. Zudem ist die Spindel über einen Membrankolben zusätzlich abgestützt, der parallel zur Spanneinrichtung arbeitet. Zunächst werden die Spannspindeln durch die Spanneinrichtung grob zugestellt, wobei jedoch die Linse noch nicht zwischen den Spannglocken eingespannt wird. Anschließend erfolgt die feinfühlige Zustellung mittels des Membrankolbens, so daß die Linse sich zwischen den Spannglocken ausrichten kann, wobei Beschädigungen der Linse vermieden sind. Hierbei kann gleichzeitig mit den eingangs beschriebenen Mitteln die ruhende in eine gleitende Reibung überführt werden. Nach dem Ausrichtvorgang erfolgt dann der eigentliche Spannvorgang mittels der Spannvorrichtung.According to the invention, the centering spindles are designed as rigid, radially and axially directly supported shafts and can be moved toward and away from one another by means of a pressure medium-operated, in particular hydraulic, clamping device. So the spindle shafts themselves are used directly for play-free radial and axial bearings. In addition, the spindle is additionally supported by a membrane piston that works in parallel with the clamping device. First, the clamping spindles are roughly set by the clamping device, but the lens is not yet clamped between the clamping bells. Then the sensitive delivery takes place by means of the membrane piston, so that the lens can align itself between the clamping bells, damage to the lens being avoided. At the same time, the static friction can be converted into sliding friction using the means described at the beginning. After the alignment process, the actual clamping process then takes place using the clamping device.

Durch Abschalten des an den Kurzhubkolben wirkenden Druckes bewegen sich die Zylindergehäuse mit dem sie verbindenden Joch durch den an den Langhubkolben wirkenden Druck axial in Richtung der Festspindel. Da die Spannkraft zur Bearbeitung der Linse den zum Ausrichten der Linse über den Membrankolben erzeugten Druck um ein Vielfaches übersteigt, setzt sich der Membrankolben auf das Joch auf und die Spannkraft der Langhubkolben wirkt voll auf die Welle der Spannspindel. Dabei wird der an den Langhubkolben wirkende Druck so hoch eingestellt, daß die über das Joch eingeleitete Kraft auf die Spindelwelle so groß ist wie die an der Linse benötigte Spannkraft plus der Federkraft, mit der die Axiallagerung der Spannspindel eingestellt ist. Die axiale Führungsgenauigkeit während der Bearbeitung der Linse wird von der Axiallagerung der Festspindel übernommen.By switching off the pressure acting on the short-stroke pistons, the cylinder housings with the yoke connecting them move axially in the direction of the fixed spindle due to the pressure acting on the long-stroke pistons. Since the clamping force for machining the lens exceeds the pressure generated for aligning the lens by a multiple, the membrane piston sits on the yoke and the clamping force of the long-stroke piston fully affects the shaft of the clamping spindle. The pressure acting on the long-stroke piston is set so high that the force applied to the spindle shaft via the yoke is as great as that required on the lens Clamping force plus the spring force with which the axial bearing of the clamping spindle is set. The axial guidance accuracy during the processing of the lens is taken over by the axial bearing of the fixed spindle.

Da die neuzeitliche Schleiftechnik die Herstellung von Wellen mit hoher Durchmesser-, Rundheiz- und Laufgenauigkeit gewährleistet, erzielt man dank dieser überraschend einfachen Maßnahme die hier erforderliche Spielfreiheit.Since modern grinding technology ensures the production of shafts with high diameter, circular heating and running accuracy, this surprisingly simple measure achieves the clearance required here.

Die Ausbildung der Spanneinrichtung gemäß Anspruch 2 erlaubt es, mit einer sehr übersichtlichen und wenig aufwendigen Konstruktion die benötigten Spannkräfte aufzubringen. Dazu werden doppeltwirkende Druckzylinder eingesetzt, die laut Anspruch 3 mit ihrem Gehäuseteil an einer Jochplatte befestigt und mit ihren Kolbenstangen am Maschinengehäuse verankert sind.The design of the clamping device according to claim 2 allows the required clamping forces to be applied with a very clear and inexpensive construction. For this purpose, double-acting pressure cylinders are used, which, according to claim 3, are attached to a yoke plate with their housing part and are anchored to the machine housing with their piston rods.

Vorteilhaft weist jeder Druckzylinder gemäß Anspruch 4 einen Kurzhubkolben auf, dem ein Langhubkolben mit axialer Durchgangsbohrung nachgeordnet ist. Dies gestattet in einfacher Weise die Begrenzung der Grobzustellung, wobei dann zum Spannvorgang nur noch der Kurzhubkolben, der zur Hubbegrenzung des Langhubkolbens dient, verschoben werden muß.Each pressure cylinder advantageously has a short-stroke piston, which is followed by a long-stroke piston with an axial through-bore. This allows the rough delivery to be limited in a simple manner, in which case only the short-stroke piston, which serves to limit the stroke of the long-stroke piston, has to be displaced for the clamping process.

Nach Anspruch 5 stützt das Joch über den Membrankolben das untere Ende der Spannspindel axial ab.According to claim 5, the yoke axially supports the lower end of the clamping spindle via the membrane piston.

Die Axialbewegung der Spanneinrichtung kann gemäß Anspruch 7 durch Druckregler, Kraftmesser und dergleichen steuerbar sein, welche auf die Druckzylinder wirken. Dadurch ist eine gute Kontrolle des Einspannvorganges gewährleistet, so daß etwaiger Ausschuß bei der Bearbeitung auf ein Minimum herabgedrückt wird.The axial movement of the tensioning device can be controllable according to claim 7 by pressure regulators, dynamometers and the like, which act on the pressure cylinders. This is one good control of the clamping process is guaranteed, so that any rejects during processing are kept to a minimum.

Nach Anspruch 10 ist vorgesehen, daß die Getriebeelemente so ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, daß die Spanneinrichtung unabhängig vom Antriebszustand der Spannspindel betätigbar ist. Deren Axialbewegung läßt sich daher in jedem Augenblick exakt steuern.According to claim 10 it is provided that the gear elements are designed and arranged so that the clamping device can be actuated independently of the drive state of the clamping spindle. Their axial movement can therefore be precisely controlled at any moment.

Wichtig ist ferner die Ausgestaltung gemäß Anspruch 9, wonach die Getriebeelemente über eine geteilte Antriebswelle stoßfrei antreibbar sind. Herkömmlich kaum oder nicht vermeidbare Schleifspuren werden infolgedessen nicht erzeugt.Also important is the embodiment according to claim 9, according to which the gear elements can be driven smoothly via a divided drive shaft. As a result, grinding traces that are conventionally difficult or unavoidable are not produced.

Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem Wortlaut der Ansprüche sowie aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Axialschnitt-Gesamtansicht einer Zentriervorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine Ausschnittvergrößerung der in Fig. 1 rechts unten dargestellten Spanneinrichtung,
Fig. 3
eine vergrößerte Axialschnitt-Ansicht einer oberen Zentrierspindel-Führung und
Fig. 4
eine vergrößerte Axialschnitt-Ansicht einer unteren Zentrierspindel-Führung.
Further features, details and advantages of the invention emerge from the wording of the claims and from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing. In it show:
Fig. 1
an overall axial section view of a centering device,
Fig. 2
2 shows an enlarged detail of the tensioning device shown at the bottom right in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
an enlarged axial section view of an upper centering spindle guide and
Fig. 4
an enlarged axial section view of a lower centering spindle guide.

Die gezeichnete Vorrichtung hat ein Gehäuse 10 mit einer Wellenlagerung 12 für eine geteilte Antriebswelle 14, 14′. Diese steht über Getriebeelemente 16, 16′ mit Zentrierspindeln 18, 18′ in Antriebsverbindung. Die untere Zentrierspindel 18 trägt eine untere Spannglocke 20, die obere Zentrierspindel 18′ eine obere Spannglocke 20′. Dazwischen ist eine Linse L zur Bearbeitung einspannbar. Die Zentrierspindeln 18, 18′ werden über die Getriebeelemente 16, 16′,die Antriebswellen 14, 14′, den Drehmomentteiler 50 und den Riementrieb R von einem Motor M synchron angetrieben.The device shown has a housing 10 with a shaft bearing 12 for a split drive shaft 14, 14 '. This is via gear elements 16, 16 'with centering spindles 18, 18' in drive connection. The lower centering spindle 18 carries a lower clamping bell 20, the upper centering spindle 18 'an upper clamping bell 20'. In between, a lens L can be clamped for processing. The centering spindles 18, 18 'are driven synchronously by a motor M via the gear elements 16, 16', the drive shafts 14, 14 ', the torque divider 50 and the belt drive R.

Das allgemein C-förmig gestaltete Gehäuse 10 hat an vorragenden Teilen ein unteres Führungs- und Spannlager 22 für die untere Zentrierspindel 18 bzw. ein oberes Führungs- und Spannlager 22′ für die obere Zentrierspindel 18′. Diese Führungs- und Spannlager dienen zur zentrischen Festlegung der Zentrierspindeln beim Bearbeitungsvorgang. In einer Kammer 44 ist eine Spanneinrichtung 24 untergebracht, die unabhängig von den Getriebeelementen 16 betätigbar ist, um die untere Zentrierspindel 18 mit auf der unteren Spannglocke 20 aufliegender Linse L gegen die obere Spannglocke 20′ axial ausgerichtet anzudrücken.The generally C-shaped housing 10 has a lower guide and clamping bearing 22 for the lower centering spindle 18 or an upper guide and clamping bearing 22 'for the upper centering spindle 18' on projecting parts. These guide and clamping bearings are used for the central fixing of the centering spindles during the machining process. In a chamber 44, a clamping device 24 is accommodated, which can be actuated independently of the gear elements 16 in order to press the lower centering spindle 18 axially aligned with the lens L resting on the lower clamping bell 20 against the upper clamping bell 20 '.

Einzelheiten dieser Anordnung gehen aus Fig. 2 hervor. Die Spanneinrichtung 24 weist ein als Platte ausgebildetes Joch 26 auf, an dem beiderseits der Zentrierspindel-Achse A zwei Druckzylinder 28 mit ihren Gehäuseteilen befestigt sind. Die Kolbenstangen 30 der Druckzylinder 28 durchsetzen die Jochplatte 26 frei; sie sind an einer Gehäuseplatte 29 verankert und haben axiale Durchgangsbohrungen 42, um eine doppeltwirkende Druckbeaufschlagung (wie mit Pfeildreiecken angedeutet) zu ermöglichen.Details of this arrangement are shown in FIG. 2. The clamping device 24 has a yoke 26 designed as a plate, to which two pressure cylinders 28 with their housing parts are fastened on both sides of the centering spindle axis A. The piston rods 30 of the pressure cylinder 28 pass through the yoke plate 26 freely; they are anchored to a housing plate 29 and have axial through holes 42 to allow double-acting pressurization (as indicated by arrow triangles).

Zentrisch zur unteren Zentrierspindel 18 ist im Joch 26 ein Membrankolben 32 angeordnet, der über ein Drucklager 33 axial auf das untere Ende der unteren Zentrierspindel 18 wirkt. Dieses ist in einem Antriebsrad 34 mit Radiallager 35 und Kupplungsstück 36 axial und radial exakt abgestützt. Am Umfang des Antriebsrades 34 greift eines der Getriebeelemente 16 an, insbesondere ein Riementrieb. Die Spindel 18 hat eine Außenhülse 19, die uber ein Stützlager 84a mit der inneren Spindelwelle 18 verbunden ist. Dadurch ist eine besonders präzise axiale und radiale Abstützung der Zentrierspindel 18 gewährleistet.A diaphragm piston 32 is arranged centrally in the yoke 26 and acts axially on the lower end of the lower centering spindle 18 via a thrust bearing 33. This is supported axially and radially exactly in a drive wheel 34 with radial bearing 35 and coupling piece 36. One of the gear elements 16, in particular a belt drive, engages on the circumference of the drive wheel 34. The spindle 18 has an outer sleeve 19 which is connected to the inner spindle shaft 18 via a support bearing 84a. This ensures a particularly precise axial and radial support of the centering spindle 18.

Die Druckzylinder 28 weisen jeweils einen Kurzhubkolben 38 auf, dem ein Langhubkolben 40 mit einer Kolbenstange 30 nachgeordnet ist. Werden die Druckzylinder 28 an den Druckmittelanschlüssen I und II gleichzeitig mit demselben Druckmittel beaufschlagt, so bewegen sich die Kurzhubkolben 38 bis zum oberen Anschlag im Zylindergehäuse und die Zylinder 28 mit der Jochplatte 26 und der daran gehalterten Zentrierspindel 18 (Spannspindel) bewegen sich in Richtung der oberen Zentrierspindel 18′ (Festspindel). Die Aufwärtsbewegung kommt zum Stillstand, sobald der Langhubkolben 40 auf den ebenfalls druckbeaufschlagten Kurzhubkolben 38 auftrifft, der eine größere wirksame Druckfläche hat. In dieser Position ist die Festspindel 18′ so eingestellt, daß zwischen ihrer Spannglocke 20′ und der auf der unteren Spannglocke 20 liegenden Linse L ein Spalt von wenigen Zehntelmillimetern vorhanden ist.The pressure cylinders 28 each have a short-stroke piston 38, which is followed by a long-stroke piston 40 with a piston rod 30. If the pressure cylinders 28 at the pressure medium connections I and II are simultaneously acted upon by the same pressure medium, the short-stroke pistons 38 move up to the upper stop in the cylinder housing and the cylinders 28 with the yoke plate 26 and the centering spindle 18 (clamping spindle) held thereon move in the direction of the upper centering spindle 18 '(fixed spindle). The upward movement comes to a standstill as soon as the long-stroke piston 40 strikes the likewise pressurized short-stroke piston 38, which has a larger effective pressure area. In this Position, the fixed spindle 18 'is set so that there is a gap of a few tenths of a millimeter between its clamping bell 20' and the lens L lying on the lower clamping bell 20.

Setzt man nun im Joch 26 den Hohlraum, welcher das Drucklager 33 umgibt, über den Anschluß IV unter einen feinregulierbaren erhöhten Druck, so wird über den Membrankolben 32 die Spannspindel 18 weiter aufwärts bewegt. Bei dieser Axialbewegung wird die untere Zentrierspindel 18 in den Luftlagern 90 mit überaus geringer Reibung sehr genau geführt. Weil der Membrankolben 32 ebenfalls eine sehr geringe innere Reibung aufweist, läßt sich die benötigte Spannkraft für das Ausrichtung der Linse L sehr feinfühlig einstellen. Bei Berührung der oberen Spannglocke 20′ mit der oberen Linsenfläche werden an der Linse L Verschiebekräfte wirksam, welche die Haftreibung der Linse L auf der unteren Spannglocke 20 überwinden. Die Linse L verschiebt sich daher und richtet sich nach der optischen Achse A aus.If the cavity, which surrounds the thrust bearing 33, is now placed in the yoke 26 via the connection IV under a finely adjustable, increased pressure, then the clamping spindle 18 is moved further upward via the diaphragm piston 32. During this axial movement, the lower centering spindle 18 is guided very precisely in the air bearings 90 with extremely little friction. Because the membrane piston 32 also has a very low internal friction, the clamping force required for the alignment of the lens L can be set very sensitively. When the upper clamping bell 20 'touches the upper lens surface, displacement forces act on the lens L, which overcome the static friction of the lens L on the lower clamping bell 20. The lens L therefore shifts and aligns itself with the optical axis A.

Setzt man nun über den Anschluß 98 den Hohlraum 88 mit einem Druckmedium unter hohen Druck, so wird die dünnwandige Führungshülse 86 zum Zentrum hin zentrisch deformiert und klemmt die Führungshülse 19 mit der Spindel 18 in der eingestellten Lage fest, ohne die Achslage zu verändern.If you now place the cavity 88 with a pressure medium under high pressure via the connection 98, the thin-walled guide sleeve 86 is deformed centrically towards the center and clamps the guide sleeve 19 with the spindle 18 in the set position without changing the axial position.

Bei Abschalten des auf die Kurzhubkolben 38 wirkenden Druckes bewegen sich die Gehäuse der Druckzylinder 28 samt der sie verbindenden Jochplatte 26 infolge des an den Langhubkolben 40 wirksamen Druckes axial in Richtung zur Festspindel 18′.When the pressure acting on the short-stroke piston 38 is switched off, the housing of the pressure cylinder 28, together with the yoke plate 26 connecting them, move axially in the direction of the fixed spindle 18 'as a result of the pressure acting on the long-stroke piston 40.

Die zur Bearbeitung der Linse L benötigte Spannkraft übersteigt den zum Ausrichten mittels des Membrankolbens 32 erzeugten Druck um ein Vielfaches. Daher setzt sich der Membrankolben 32 auf das Joch 26, so daß die Spannkraft der Langhubkolben 40 voll auf die Welle der Spannspindel 18 wirkt. Der an den Langhubkolben 40 wirkende Druck wird dabei so hoch eingestellt, daß die über das Joch 26 eingeleitete Kraft auf die untere Zentrierspindel so groß ist, wie die an der Linse L benötigte Spannkraft zuzüglich derjenigen Kraft der Feder 82 mit der die Axiallagerung dieser Spannspindel 18 eingestellt ist. Für die axiale Führungsgenauigkeit während der Linsenbearbeitung sorgt das Stützlager 74b der oberen Zentrierspindel 18′.The clamping force required for processing the lens L exceeds the pressure generated for alignment by means of the membrane piston 32 by a multiple. Therefore, the membrane piston 32 sits on the yoke 26, so that the clamping force of the long-stroke piston 40 fully acts on the shaft of the clamping spindle 18. The pressure acting on the long-stroke piston 40 is set so high that the force applied via the yoke 26 to the lower centering spindle is as great as the clamping force required on the lens L plus the force of the spring 82 with which the axial bearing of this clamping spindle 18 is set. For the axial guidance accuracy during lens processing, the support bearing 74b of the upper centering spindle 18 '.

Sämtliche aus den Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung hervorgehenden Merkmale und Vorteile, einschließlich konstruktiver Einzelheiten, räumlicher Anordnungen und Verfahrensschritten, können sowohl für sich als auch in den verschiedensten Kombinationen erfindungswesentlich sein.All of the features and advantages arising from the claims, the description and the drawing, including constructive details, spatial arrangements and method steps, can be essential to the invention both individually and in the most varied of combinations.

Claims (20)

  1. Apparatus for centring optical lenses for mechanical mounting, in particular during edge grinding and faceting, having a housing (10) in which there is mounted a drive shaft (14, 14') which, by way of gearing elements (16, 16') provide a motor drive to two centring spindles (18, 18') which are aligned in the axial direction (A) and whose ends facing one another carry clamping cups (20, 20') between which there may be clamped for machining a lens (L) which, resting on the first clamping cup (20) may be pressed by an axially displaceable clamping spindle (18) against the second clamping cup (20'), which is mounted by means of an axially displaceably arranged fixed spindle (18'), the centring spindles being movable towards one another and away from one another by means of a clamping device actuated by pressure medium, characterized in that the centring spindles (18, 18') are constructed as rigid shafts mounted directly radially and axially, and in that at least one pressure cylinder (28) is arranged parallel to the axial direction for displacement of the clamping spindle (18), and in that the end of the clamping spindle (18) is supported axially by way of a diaphragm-type piston (32) with respect to the pressure cylinder (28).
  2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the clamping device (24) has a yoke (26) which is displaceable parallel to the axial direction (A) by means of two double-acting pressure cylinders (28) arranged on either side of the clamping spindle (18).
  3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that the pressure cylinders (28) are secured by means of their housing part to the plate (26), and in that their piston rods (30) are anchored to the machine housing (10, 29).
  4. Apparatus according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each pressure cylinder (28) has a short-stroke piston (38) downstream of which is a long-stroke piston (40) with axial throughbore (42).
  5. Apparatus according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the yoke (26) is secured to the end of the clamping spindle (18).
  6. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that there is secured to the end of the clamping spindle a coupling piece (36) which is connected with form fit but axially displaceably to a drive wheel (34) which is connected to the housing (10, 29) by way of radial bearings (35).
  7. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the axial movement of the clamping device (24) is controllable by control means acting on the pressure cylinders (28), such as pressure regulators, force measurement means and the like.
  8. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the gearing elements (16, 16') act on the clamping device (24) such that the clamping spindle (18) is axially displaceable independently of the drive state by means of the clamping device (24).
  9. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the gearing elements (16, 16') are driven by way of a divided drive shaft (14, 14').
  10. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the clamping spindles (18, 18') are arranged to lie vertically.
  11. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that each centring spindle (18, 18') is arranged in a guide sleeve (19, 19') and is supported by means of support bearings (84a, 84b; 74a, 74b) with respect to this, and in that at least one of the two guide sleeves (19) is additionally guided by means of one or more air bearings (90) in the machine frame (10).
  12. Apparatus according to Claim 11, characterized in that the upper centring spindle (18') is also mounted in an air bearing.
  13. Apparatus according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the or each air bearing (90) has a thin guide sleeve (76, 86) which snugly surrounds the corresponding centring spindle (18, 18') or its guide sleeve (19, 19') and is in turn surrounded by a hollow space (78, 88) which may be acted upon by a pressure medium and thus forms a clamping bearing (22, 22').
  14. Apparatus according to Claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the hollow space is formed on the one hand by the guide sleeve (76, 86) and on the other hand by projecting carrying parts (100, 100') of the generally C-shaped housing (10), which provide a mounting of the clamping bearings (22, 22') aligned with one another.
  15. Apparatus according to one of Claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the pressure in the upper hollow space (78) is adjustable or re-adjustable by means of a setting device (80).
  16. Apparatus according to one of Clams 11 to 15, characterized in that at least the lower clamping bearing (22) has a connection (98) for a supply line.
  17. Apparatus according to at least one of Claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the mutually opposing air bearings (90) may be acted upon by different pressures.
  18. Apparatus according to Claim 17, characterized in that the frequency and pressure of the action by pressure may be regulated or adjusted pneumatically and/or electrically.
  19. Apparatus according to at least one of Claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the inner wall of the or each guide sleeve (76, 86) has channels and/or pockets (90), in particular in the form of four air cushion regions each.
  20. Apparatus according to Claim 19, characterized in that the channels or pockets (90) are constructed as axially parallel and/or part-annular grooves.
EP88119936A 1987-12-24 1988-11-30 Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical clamping, espcially during bevelling and facetting Expired - Lifetime EP0323572B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3744118 1987-12-24
DE3744118A DE3744118C2 (en) 1987-12-24 1987-12-24 Machine for centering edge grinding and faceting optical lenses for their mechanical mounting

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0323572A2 EP0323572A2 (en) 1989-07-12
EP0323572A3 EP0323572A3 (en) 1990-08-29
EP0323572B1 true EP0323572B1 (en) 1993-02-03

Family

ID=6343618

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88119936A Expired - Lifetime EP0323572B1 (en) 1987-12-24 1988-11-30 Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical clamping, espcially during bevelling and facetting

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EP (1) EP0323572B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3744118C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2037806T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10008710C2 (en) 2000-02-24 2002-01-10 Loh Optikmaschinen Ag Device for centering clamping of optical lenses for their edge processing
DE102012010005A1 (en) 2012-05-22 2013-11-28 Satisloh Ag Centering machine for workpieces, in particular optical lenses
CN113829173B (en) * 2021-09-22 2024-01-02 上饶市桐宇光电科技有限公司 Efficient polishing device based on optical lenses

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US2508009A (en) * 1946-09-11 1950-05-16 Simonds Machine Co Inc Edging machine
DE1004516B (en) * 1956-03-02 1957-03-14 Voigtlaender Ag Method and machine for centering optical lenses
US3359045A (en) * 1966-05-20 1967-12-19 Bendix Corp Squeeze film bearing
US3599377A (en) * 1968-07-22 1971-08-17 Bausch & Lomb Lens alignment using gas bearings
GB1310135A (en) * 1970-07-22 1973-03-14 Raphael O P Method of and apparatus for filling spectacle lenses
DE2148102C3 (en) * 1971-09-27 1979-07-05 Ernst Leitz Wetzlar Gmbh, 6300 Lahn- Wetzlar Method for centering lenses
GB1332414A (en) * 1971-12-02 1973-10-03 Produmatic Sa Machine tools
DK338978A (en) * 1977-08-02 1979-02-03 Automated Optics CONTACT LENS AND METHOD AND MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF SUCH LENSES
DE2756407A1 (en) * 1977-12-17 1979-06-21 Prontor Werk Gauthier Gmbh Lens grinding machine securing spindle bearing system - uses stack of bushes each end, compressed around spindle by adjusting screws
DE3139873C2 (en) * 1981-10-07 1983-11-10 Prontor-Werk Alfred Gauthier Gmbh, 7547 Wildbad Machine for edge grinding and faceting of optical lenses
FR2553323B1 (en) * 1983-10-18 1986-07-25 Essilor Int METHOD AND MACHINE FOR BEVELING OR SLOTTING AN OPHTHALMIC LENS
FR2565147B1 (en) * 1984-06-04 1988-04-01 Essilor Int GRINDING MACHINE FOR OPHTHALMIC LENS, PARTICULARLY FOR TRIMMING AND / OR BEVELING OR GROOVING THEREOF
DE8437438U1 (en) * 1984-12-21 1985-03-21 Wernicke & Co GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf DEVICE ON EYE GLASS EDGE GRINDING MACHINES TO HOLD THE EYE GLASS
DE3526539C1 (en) * 1985-07-24 1986-11-13 Erwin 7611 Nordrach Junker Process for precision quick clamping of rotationally symmetrical workpieces and precision quick clamping device for carrying out the process
DE8702561U1 (en) * 1987-02-19 1987-06-04 Wernicke & Co Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4926588A (en) 1990-05-22
EP0323572A2 (en) 1989-07-12
DE3744118C2 (en) 1994-04-21
EP0323572A3 (en) 1990-08-29
DE3744118A1 (en) 1989-07-06
ES2037806T3 (en) 1993-07-01

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