EP0323375B1 - Stirring device for mixing devices for powdery, pasty or granular products - Google Patents

Stirring device for mixing devices for powdery, pasty or granular products Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0323375B1
EP0323375B1 EP88420436A EP88420436A EP0323375B1 EP 0323375 B1 EP0323375 B1 EP 0323375B1 EP 88420436 A EP88420436 A EP 88420436A EP 88420436 A EP88420436 A EP 88420436A EP 0323375 B1 EP0323375 B1 EP 0323375B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
rotation
blade root
axis
angle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88420436A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0323375A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Bouchez
Patrice Cognard
Gérard Marie
Alain Schmidt
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Moritz SA
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Moritz SA
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Priority to AT88420436T priority Critical patent/ATE79786T1/en
Publication of EP0323375A1 publication Critical patent/EP0323375A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B01F27/1123—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades sickle-shaped, i.e. curved in at least one direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/95—Heating or cooling systems using heated or cooled stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/99—Heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mixing, stirring, kneading, stirring, in a neutral or reactive atmosphere, under relative pressure and / or under relative temperature, of pulverulent, pasty or granular products, in an enclosure of confinement.
  • the mixing or stirring of pulverulent, pasty or granular products or compositions is carried out inside containers, vats or enclosures, generally closed and crossed locally by a drive shaft on which is fitted a stirring mobile composed of 'a hub and a specified number of blades.
  • One of the first possibilities concerns the profile of the blades to improve the vigorous stirring of the products contained in the container or the tank of the apparatus and to avoid the creation of preferential movement veins. It was found that the number of blades of the agitator did not make it possible to solve this problem which had to be taken into account for the particular conformation of the blades.
  • Another objective is to improve the resistance of the blades to intense mechanical forces, increasing with the increase in the drive torque and the viscosity of the products to be brewed.
  • Another objective is the regulation of the internal temperature, at the heart, of the products or of the composition during brewing, either to avoid a rise in temperature resulting from the friction due to brewing, or, on the contrary, to supply or take calories favoring an intimate reaction in a neutral or reactive atmosphere.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for mixing pulverulent, pasty or granular products, comprising a container, tank or enclosure, locally traversed by a motor shaft on which is adapted a stirring mobile in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional elevation illustrating a stirring, mixing or kneading apparatus equipped with a stirring mobile in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan section taken along line II-II of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view showing, on a larger scale, one of the constituent elements of the stirring mobile, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a side elevation, taken substantially along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 5 and fig. 6 are sectional elevations taken, respectively, along the lines VV and VI-VI of FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 7 is a plan view, on a larger scale, similar to FIG. 1 and illustrating constructive details of the subject of the invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial section taken on the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 4.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 show an apparatus 1 for stirring, mixing, stirring, kneading or reacting a product or a pulverulent, pasty or granular composition.
  • Such an apparatus 1 comprises a tank, a container or an enclosure 2, for example but not exclusively, of spherical shape, which is carried by a structure 3.
  • the tank 2 is crossed, for example at the level of its flat bottom 4, by the output shaft of a geared motor group 5 can be of any suitable type.
  • the output shaft is associated with a sealing box 6, of the rotary joint type, connected to a 7- way circuit and to a 8-way circuit, connected to an installation, not shown, capable of maintaining the circulation of '' a heat transfer fluid.
  • the part of the motor shaft, protruding inside the tank 2, supports a stirring mobile 9 comprising a hub 10 from which extend blades 11 which, in a known manner, are shaped to follow closely the portion corresponding to the inner face 2a of the vessel 2, before which they operate by the rotated mobile 9 via the drive shaft 5 driven by the group.
  • the stirring mobile 9 is shown provided with three blades 11, but it should be considered that a different number could also be provided.
  • the object of the invention relates, essentially, to the structure of the blades 11 , with the exclusion of the constitution of the hub 10 which must be considered to be part of the known prior art, as regards its mechanical connection function with the drive shaft and its transfer or transit function of the heat transfer fluid passing through the circuits 7 and 8 via the box 6.
  • Each blade 11 is formed, according to FIGS. 3 and 4, to include a base 12 capable of allowing a removable attachment to the hub 9, while being centered on the axis of rotation x-x ' of the latter.
  • the fixing base 12 can be constituted by a crown sector 13 capable of being fixed by means of screws 14 ensuring a radial immobilization and axial.
  • An effective angular hold, capable of ensuring the rotational drive, for example in the direction of the arrow f1 is established by the presence of a key partially engaged in a housing 15 open from the interior surface of the sector of crown 13.
  • the mounting base 12 carries, from its outer peripheral surface, a blade root 16 whose general axis y-y ' is substantially radial to the axis of rotation x-x'.
  • the longitudinal axis y-y ' is offset retrogradely with respect to the direction of the arrow f par , with respect to a pure radial direction centered on the axis x-x', by a value ⁇ of between 5 and 30 °.
  • the blade root 16 is extended by a blade segment 17 affecting a general shape of a semi-crescent whose width decreases from the attachment with the blade root 16 to the marginal edge 18.
  • the blade segment 17 follows the blade root 16 and rises by making, with respect to the axis x-x ', an angle ß which can be between 30 and 60 °.
  • the angle ß is around 45 °.
  • the blade segment 17, in the form of a semi-crescent, is turned or oriented in the retrograde direction relative to the direction of rotation according to the arrow f1, so that its convex edge, forming part of the leading edge 19 of the blade 11 , follows as closely as possible the corresponding part of the internal face 2a in front of which the blade 11 moves during rotation in the direction of the arrow f1.
  • the blade root 16 and the blade segment 17 are produced in the form of hollow boxes, being made from any suitable material.
  • the boxed shape retained has a triangular shape in substantially straight cross section.
  • Figs. 4 to 6 show, by way of example, that the blade root 16 and the blade segment 17 can be made in the form of a triangular box to have a wall 20, called the lower wall, forming the lower surface, a wall 21 forming the upper upper surface, in consideration of the direction of rotation according to the arrow f1, and a wall 22 forming posterior extrados with respect to the same direction of rotation.
  • the walls 20 to 22 are joined together to form the leading edge 19 between the lower surface 20 and the front upper surface 21, a stalling edge 23 between the front upper surface 21 and the rear upper surface 22 and an edge of leakage 24 between the posterior extrados 22 and the intrados 20.
  • the stall edges 23 and trailing 24 have, as shown in FIG. 3, a concave conformation.
  • the attachment to the base 12, for example by welding, of the blade root 16 extended by the blade segment 17, is carried out in such a way that the front upper surface 21 makes, with respect to a reference plane P perpendicular to the axis x-x ', an angle ⁇ which can be between 30 to 60 ° and preferably around 45 °.
  • This fixing is also carried out, so that the lower surface 20 makes, from its birth with the base 12 and along the blade and relative to the same reference plane P, an angle ⁇ , called clearance, of which the value can be between 10 and 20 ° and, for example, varying around 13 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is provided to avoid damaging the products being kneaded and to facilitate cleaning.
  • the blade segment 17 is shaped so that the anterior upper surface 21 undergoes, from birth with the blade root 16 to the marginal edge 18, a twist in the direction of the axis x-x '.
  • a twist can be expressed as a variation of the angle ⁇ taking, as illustrated from FIGS. 4 and 7, in the different successive planes P1 to P5, values close to 105, 95, 90, 60, and 30 ° measured, according to the plane considered, between the cutting edge of the upper surface 21 and the perpendicular p in the radial direction D joining the axis x-x ' at the intersection of said cutting edge with the leading edge 19.
  • the same reference coordinates make it possible to appreciate, in FIG . 7, the angle ⁇ between the lower surface 20 and the perpendiculars p .
  • the first, resulting from the boxed form, is intended to give it a particularly high mechanical strength, to make it withstand the stresses resulting from the application of the torque or the reaction presented by the more or less viscous nature of the products being mixed, stirring or kneading.
  • the triangular shape in a hollow box, also makes it possible to confer on the blade 11 a particularly high mechanical resistance to pressure variations likely to occur inside the tank 2, that is to say as a result of reaction of the products entering into the composition, either because of the maintenance of a relative pressure variation compared to the ambient.
  • the shape of the blade 11 is also chosen so that the part of the leading edge 19, defined by the blade root 16, assumes a scraping function relative to the bottom of the tank 2 and thus limits the stagnation of a mass of product material which is weakly stressed due to the relatively low linear speed of movement which is imparted to the product or to the material at a short distance from the hub 10.
  • the scraping function is also assigned to the assembly of the leading edge 19, due to the particular conformation of the blade 11 causing this leading edge to follow, as closely as possible, the corresponding part of the inner face 2a of the tank.
  • the particular shape of the blade 11 and, more particularly, that of a box with a triangular section, makes it possible to constitute, between the anterior 21 and posterior extrados 22, an edge 23 known as a stall, having the effect of creating a flow break for the material or the products previously taken care of by the upper surface 21.
  • a stall creates a turbulent movement, immediately after the edge 23 and promotes the mixing, kneading, mixing or homogenization of the products being treated.
  • the production in a box of the blade root 16 and of the blade segment 17 is completed by an internal partitioning constituted by walls 30 added by any suitable means.
  • the walls 30 assume a function of reinforcing the boxes and are, moreover, organized, as appears in FIGS. 5 and 8, to delimit, between them and inside the blade root 16 and the blade segment 17, channels or compartments 31 and 32 communicating with each other at the blade tip, to allow the circulation of a heat transfer fluid inside the latter.
  • the channels 31 and 32 are in relation to passages 33 and 34 which are formed in the fixing base 12, so as to coincide with complementary conduits presented by the hub 10.
  • the walls 30 could also be organized so as not to define that a go circuit in the case where the blades have porous orifices or not diffusion of a fluid in the products.
  • the blade root 16 and the blade segment 17 can be produced by assembling the walls 20 and 21, completed by assembling the partition walls 30 and finished by assembling the wall 22.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

Stirring of various products. <??>- The impeller according to the invention is characterised: - in that the blade segment (17): has a half-crescent shape and a width decreasing from the blade root (16), and is twisted, at least in its end part, by an angle ( gamma ) in the direction of the axis of rotation, - and in that the blade root (16) and the blade segment (17) assume, in cross-section, a triangular shape. <??>- Application to the preparation of industrial products. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention est relative au domaine technique du mélange, du brassage, du malaxage, de l'agitation, sous atmosphère neutre ou réactive, sous pression relative et/ou sous température relative, de produits pulvérulents, pâteux ou granuleux, dans une enceinte de confinement.The invention relates to the technical field of mixing, stirring, kneading, stirring, in a neutral or reactive atmosphere, under relative pressure and / or under relative temperature, of pulverulent, pasty or granular products, in an enclosure of confinement.

Par malaxage ou brassage, il convient de considérer toute opération de mélange pur entre au moins deux composants devant être homogénéisés, mais aussi toute opération visant à faire changer d'état un ou plusieurs produits de base ou une ou plusieurs compositions par autoréaction face à des variations de conditions ambiantes, telles que pression, température ou par intéraction, avec ou sans modification des conditions ambiantes.By mixing or stirring, consideration should be given to any pure mixing operation between at least two components to be homogenized, but also any operation aimed at changing the state of one or more basic products or one or more compositions by autoreaction in the face of variations in ambient conditions, such as pressure, temperature or by interaction, with or without modification of ambient conditions.

Parmi les applications nombreuses pouvant être envisagées, il convient de citer la fabrication de matières premières, la préparation de produits industriels, tels que des peintures, polymères, colles, plastiques ou, encore, la fabrication de produits chimiques à caractère purement et uniquement industriel ou, encore, à vocation alimentaire, voire pharmaceutique.Among the numerous applications that can be envisaged, it is worth mentioning the manufacture of raw materials, the preparation of industrial products, such as paints, polymers, adhesives, plastics or, again, the manufacture of chemicals of purely and purely industrial character or , again, for food, even pharmaceutical.

Le brassage ou l'agitation de produits ou compositions pulvérulents, pâteux ou granuleux, s'effectue à l'intérieur de récipients, cuves ou enceintes, généralement fermés et traversés localement par un arbre moteur sur lequel est adapté un mobile d'agitation composé d'un moyeu et d'un nombre déterminé de pales.The mixing or stirring of pulverulent, pasty or granular products or compositions is carried out inside containers, vats or enclosures, generally closed and crossed locally by a drive shaft on which is fitted a stirring mobile composed of 'a hub and a specified number of blades.

Différentes formes de cuve ont été adoptées pour réaliser une telle opération et les mobiles d'agitation mis en oeuvre ont été conformés en correspondance pour, le plus souvent, assurer un passage des pales au plus près de la partie correspondante de la face intérieure de la cuve.Different tank shapes have been adopted to carry out such an operation and the stirring mobiles used have been shaped in correspondence to, most often, ensure a passage of the blades as close as possible to the corresponding part of the inner face of the tank.

Il est possible de citer, à titre d'exemples, les brevets FR-A-2 273 582, DE-A-25 25 362, EP-A-0 131 885 et US-A-2 982 522. It is possible to cite, by way of examples, the patents FR-A-2 273 582, DE-A-25 25 362, EP-A-0 131 885 and US-A-2 982 522.

L'expérience a permis de constater que les appareils, actuellement disponibles, pouvaient encore être améliorés pour parfaire la fonction de brassage, de malaxage, de mélange ou d'homogénéisation des produits devant être travaillés.Experience has shown that the devices currently available could be further improved to perfect the brewing, kneading, mixing or homogenization function of the products to be worked.

L'une des premières possibilités concerne le profil des pales pour améliorer le brassage énergique des produits contenus dans le récipient ou la cuve de l'appareil et éviter la création de veines de mise en mouvement préférentielles. Il a été constaté que le nombre de pales de l'agitateur ne permettait pas de résoudre ce problème qui devait être mis au compte de la conformation particulière des pales.One of the first possibilities concerns the profile of the blades to improve the vigorous stirring of the products contained in the container or the tank of the apparatus and to avoid the creation of preferential movement veins. It was found that the number of blades of the agitator did not make it possible to solve this problem which had to be taken into account for the particular conformation of the blades.

Un autre objectif est d'améliorer la résistance des pales aux efforts mécaniques intenses, croissant avec l'augmentation du couple d'entraînement et la viscosité des produits à brasser.Another objective is to improve the resistance of the blades to intense mechanical forces, increasing with the increase in the drive torque and the viscosity of the products to be brewed.

Un autre objectif est la régulation de la température interne, à coeur, des produits ou de la composition en cours de brassage, soit pour éviter une montée en température résultant du frottement dû au brassage, soit, au contraire, pour apporter ou prélever des calories favorisant une réaction intime sous atmosphère neutre ou réactive.Another objective is the regulation of the internal temperature, at the heart, of the products or of the composition during brewing, either to avoid a rise in temperature resulting from the friction due to brewing, or, on the contrary, to supply or take calories favoring an intimate reaction in a neutral or reactive atmosphere.

La présente invention vise, justement, à atteindre ces objectifs en proposant un nouveau mobile d'agitateur dont la conception a été choisie pour :

  • améliorer davantage le brassage énergique et l'homogénéisation des produits en cours de traitement, qu'il s'agisse de produits pulvérulents, pâteux ou granuleux,
  • accroître notablement la résistance mécanique des pales, à même ainsi de transmettre un couple de rotation élevé, même au sein d'une masse pâteuse, pulvérulente ou liquide pouvant être affectée d'une viscosité importante,
  • permettre une régulation de température plus étroite à coeur des produits en cours de malaxage ou brassage, par l'intermédiaire des pales assumant alors une fonction d'échangeur thermique.
The present invention aims precisely to achieve these objectives by proposing a new agitator mobile whose design has been chosen for:
  • further improve vigorous stirring and homogenization of the products being treated, whether they are powdery, pasty or granular products,
  • significantly increase the mechanical resistance of the blades, thus able to transmit a high torque, even within a pasty, pulverulent or liquid mass which can be affected by a high viscosity,
  • allow closer temperature regulation at the heart of the products being kneaded or stirred, by means of the blades then assuming a heat exchanger function.

Pour atteindre les objectifs ci-dessus, le mobile d'agitation pour appareil de mélange de produits pulvérulents, pâteux ou granuleux, du type comprenant un moyeu qui est adaptable sur la partie terminale d'un arbre moteur saillant à l'intérieur d'un récipient constitutif de l'appareil et qui porte n pales conformées, possédant chacune un bord d'attaque suivant au plus près la partie correspondante de la face interne du récipient, chaque pale comprenant :

  • une embase apte à être fixée sur le moyeu en étant centrée sur l'axe de rotation de ce dernier,
  • un pied de pale s'étendant à partir de la face extérieure de l'embase selon une direction sensiblement radiale par rapport à l'axe de rotation,
  • et un segment de pale courbe, faisant suite au pied de pale, s'élevant en faisant un angle par rapport à l'axe de rotation, tourné dans le sens rétrograde pour présenter son bord d'attaque convexe dans le sens de rotation du mobile,
est caractérisé en ce que :
  • le pied de pale et le segment de pale sont réalisés sous la forme de caissons affectant, en section droite transversale, une forme triangulaire,
  • le segment de pale présente, à partir du pied de pale, une forme en demi-croissant de largeur décroissante,
  • le segment de pale est vrillé, au moins dans sa partie terminale, d'un angle en direction de l'axe de rotation.
To achieve the above objectives, the stirring mobile for apparatus for mixing pulverulent, pasty or granular products, of the type comprising a hub which is adaptable on the end part of a protruding motor shaft inside a container constituting the apparatus and which carries n shaped blades, each having a leading edge following as closely as possible the corresponding part of the internal face of the container , each blade comprising:
  • a base suitable for being fixed on the hub while being centered on the axis of rotation of the latter,
  • a blade root extending from the outer face of the base in a substantially radial direction relative to the axis of rotation,
  • and a curved blade segment, following the blade root, rising at an angle to the axis of rotation, turned in the retrograde direction to present its convex leading edge in the direction of rotation of the mobile ,
is characterized in that:
  • the blade root and the blade segment are produced in the form of boxes having, in cross-section, a triangular shape,
  • the blade segment has, from the blade root, a semi-crescent shape of decreasing width,
  • the blade segment is twisted, at least in its terminal part, by an angle in the direction of the axis of rotation.

L'invention a également pour objet un appareil de mélange de produits pulvérulents, pâteux ou granuleux, comprenant un récipient, cuve ou enceinte, localement traversé par un arbre moteur sur lequel est adapté un mobile d'agitation conforme à l'invention.The invention also relates to an apparatus for mixing pulverulent, pasty or granular products, comprising a container, tank or enclosure, locally traversed by a motor shaft on which is adapted a stirring mobile in accordance with the invention.

Diverses autres caractéristiques ressortent de la description faite ci-dessous en référence aux dessins annexés qui montrent, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme de réalisation de l'objet de l'invention.Various other characteristics will emerge from the description given below with reference to the appended drawings which show, by way of nonlimiting example, an embodiment of the subject of the invention.

La fig. 1 est une coupe-élévation schématique illustrant un appareil de brassage, de mélange ou de malaxage équipé d'un mobile d'agitation conforme à l'invention. Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional elevation illustrating a stirring, mixing or kneading apparatus equipped with a stirring mobile in accordance with the invention.

La fig. 2 est une coupe en plan prise selon la ligne II-II de la fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a plan section taken along line II-II of FIG. 1.

La fig. 3 est une vue en plan montrant, à plus grande échelle, l'un des éléments constitutifs du mobile d'agitation, tel qu'illustré par les fig. 1 et 2. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing, on a larger scale, one of the constituent elements of the stirring mobile, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

La fig. 4 est une élévation latérale, prise sensiblement selon la ligne IV-IV de la fig. 3. Fig. 4 is a side elevation, taken substantially along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.

La fig. 5 et la fig. 6 sont des coupes-élévations prises, respectivement, selon les lignes V-V et VI-VI de la fig. 3. Fig. 5 and fig. 6 are sectional elevations taken, respectively, along the lines VV and VI-VI of FIG. 3.

La fig. 7 est une vue en plan, à plus grande échelle, analogue à la fig. 1 et illustrant des détails constructifs de l'objet de l'invention. Fig. 7 is a plan view, on a larger scale, similar to FIG. 1 and illustrating constructive details of the subject of the invention.

La fig. 8 est une coupe partielle prise selon la ligne VIII-VIII de la fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a partial section taken on the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 4.

Les fig. 1 et 2 montrent un appareil 1 d'agitation, de mélange, de brassage, de malaxage ou de réaction d'un produit ou d'une composition pulvérulente, pâteuse ou granuleuse. Un tel appareil 1 comprend une cuve, un récipient ou une enceinte 2, par exemple mais non exclusivement, de forme sphérique, qui est porté par une structure 3. La cuve 2 est traversée, par exemple au droit de son fond plat 4, par l'arbre de sortie d'un groupe motoréducteur 5 pouvant être de tout type approprié. L'arbre de sortie est associé à une boîte d'étanchéité 6, du type à joints tournants, raccordée à un circuit 7 aller et à un circuit 8 retour, branchés à une installation, non représentée, à même d'entretenir la circulation d'un fluide caloriporteur. Figs. 1 and 2 show an apparatus 1 for stirring, mixing, stirring, kneading or reacting a product or a pulverulent, pasty or granular composition. Such an apparatus 1 comprises a tank, a container or an enclosure 2, for example but not exclusively, of spherical shape, which is carried by a structure 3. The tank 2 is crossed, for example at the level of its flat bottom 4, by the output shaft of a geared motor group 5 can be of any suitable type. The output shaft is associated with a sealing box 6, of the rotary joint type, connected to a 7- way circuit and to a 8-way circuit, connected to an installation, not shown, capable of maintaining the circulation of '' a heat transfer fluid.

La partie de l'arbre moteur, faisant saillie à l'intérieur de la cuve 2, supporte un mobile d'agitation 9 comprenant un moyeu 10 à partir duquel s'étendent des pales 11 qui, d'une façon connue, sont conformées pour suivre au plus près la partie correspondant de la face interne 2a de la cuve 2, devant laquelle elles évoluent par la mis en rotation du mobile 9 par l'intermédiaire de l'arbre moteur entraîné par le groupe 5. The part of the motor shaft, protruding inside the tank 2, supports a stirring mobile 9 comprising a hub 10 from which extend blades 11 which, in a known manner, are shaped to follow closely the portion corresponding to the inner face 2a of the vessel 2, before which they operate by the rotated mobile 9 via the drive shaft 5 driven by the group.

A titre d'exemple, le mobile d'agitation 9 est représenté pourvu de trois pales 11, mais il doit être considéré qu'un nombre différent pourrait aussi être prévu.For example, the stirring mobile 9 is shown provided with three blades 11, but it should be considered that a different number could also be provided.

L'objet de l'invention concerne, essentiellement, la structure des pales 11, à l'exclusion de la constitution du moyeu 10 qui doit être considéré comme faisant partie de l'art antérieur connu, pour ce qui concerne sa fonction de liaison mécanique avec l'arbre moteur et sa fonction de transfert ou transit du fluide caloriporteur empruntant les circuits 7 et 8 par l'intermédiaire de la boîte 6. The object of the invention relates, essentially, to the structure of the blades 11 , with the exclusion of the constitution of the hub 10 which must be considered to be part of the known prior art, as regards its mechanical connection function with the drive shaft and its transfer or transit function of the heat transfer fluid passing through the circuits 7 and 8 via the box 6.

Chaque pale 11 est constituée, selon les fig. 3 et 4, pour comporter une embase 12 apte à permettre une fixation amovible sur le moyeu 9, en étant centrée sur l'axe de rotation x-x' de ce dernier. A cette fin, l'embase de fixation 12 peut être constituée par un secteur de couronne 13 susceptible d'être fixé par l'intermédiaire de vis 14 assurant une immobilisation radiale et axiale. Un maintien angulaire efficace, apte à assurer l'entraînement en rotation, par exemple dans le sens de la flèche f₁, est établi par la présence d'une clavette en partie engagée dans un logement 15 ouvert à partir de la surface intérieure du secteur de couronne 13. Each blade 11 is formed, according to FIGS. 3 and 4, to include a base 12 capable of allowing a removable attachment to the hub 9, while being centered on the axis of rotation x-x ' of the latter. To this end, the fixing base 12 can be constituted by a crown sector 13 capable of being fixed by means of screws 14 ensuring a radial immobilization and axial. An effective angular hold, capable of ensuring the rotational drive, for example in the direction of the arrow f₁, is established by the presence of a key partially engaged in a housing 15 open from the interior surface of the sector of crown 13.

L'embase de fixation 12 porte, à partir de sa surface périphérique extérieure, un pied de pale 16 dont l'axe général y-y' est sensiblement radial à l'axe de rotation x-x'. De préférence, l'axe longitudinal y-y' est décalé de façon rétrograde par rapport au sens de la flèche f₁, par rapport à une direction radiale pure centrée sur l'axe x-x', d'une valeur α comprise entre 5 et 30°.The mounting base 12 carries, from its outer peripheral surface, a blade root 16 whose general axis y-y ' is substantially radial to the axis of rotation x-x'. Preferably, the longitudinal axis y-y ' is offset retrogradely with respect to the direction of the arrow f par , with respect to a pure radial direction centered on the axis x-x', by a value α of between 5 and 30 °.

Le pied de pale 16 est prolongé par un segment de pale 17 affectant une forme générale de demi-croissant dont la largeur décroit depuis l'attache avec le pied de pale 16 jusqu'au bord marginal 18. The blade root 16 is extended by a blade segment 17 affecting a general shape of a semi-crescent whose width decreases from the attachment with the blade root 16 to the marginal edge 18.

Le segment de pale 17 fait suite au pied de pale 16 et s'élève en faisant, par rapport à l'axe x-x', un angle ß pouvant être compris entre 30 et 60°. De préférence, l'angle ß avoisine 45°.The blade segment 17 follows the blade root 16 and rises by making, with respect to the axis x-x ', an angle ß which can be between 30 and 60 °. Preferably, the angle ß is around 45 °.

Le segment de pale 17, en forme de demi-croissant, est tourné ou orienté dans le sens rétrograde par rapport au sens de rotation selon la flèche f₁, pour que son arête convexe, faisant partie du bord d'attaque 19 de la pale 11, suive au plus près la partie correspondante de la face interne 2a devant laquelle évolue la pale 11 lors de la rotation dans le sens de la flèche f₁. The blade segment 17, in the form of a semi-crescent, is turned or oriented in the retrograde direction relative to the direction of rotation according to the arrow f₁, so that its convex edge, forming part of the leading edge 19 of the blade 11 , follows as closely as possible the corresponding part of the internal face 2a in front of which the blade 11 moves during rotation in the direction of the arrow f₁.

Le pied de pale 16 et le segment de pale 17 sont réalisés sous la forme de caissons creux, en étant constitués à partir de tout matériau approprié. De préférence, la forme caissonnée retenue présente une forme triangulaire en section sensiblement droite transversale.The blade root 16 and the blade segment 17 are produced in the form of hollow boxes, being made from any suitable material. Preferably, the boxed shape retained has a triangular shape in substantially straight cross section.

Les fig. 4 à 6 montrent, à titre d'exemple, que le pied de pale 16 et le segment de pale 17 peuvent être réalisés en forme de caisson triangulaire pour comporter une paroi 20, dite inférieure, formant intrados, une paroi 21 formant extrados antérieur, en considération du sens de rotation selon la flèche f₁, et une paroi 22 formant extrados postérieur par rapport au même sens de rotation. Les parois 20 à 22 sont réunies entre elles pour former le bord d'attaque 19 entre l'intrados 20 et l'extrados antérieur 21, un bord de décrochage 23 entre l'extrados antérieur 21 et l'extrados postérieur 22 et un bord de fuite 24 entre l'extrados postérieur 22 et l'intrados 20. Les bords de décrochage 23 et de fuite 24 présentent, comme cela ressort de la fig. 3, une conformation concave. Figs. 4 to 6 show, by way of example, that the blade root 16 and the blade segment 17 can be made in the form of a triangular box to have a wall 20, called the lower wall, forming the lower surface, a wall 21 forming the upper upper surface, in consideration of the direction of rotation according to the arrow f₁, and a wall 22 forming posterior extrados with respect to the same direction of rotation. The walls 20 to 22 are joined together to form the leading edge 19 between the lower surface 20 and the front upper surface 21, a stalling edge 23 between the front upper surface 21 and the rear upper surface 22 and an edge of leakage 24 between the posterior extrados 22 and the intrados 20. The stall edges 23 and trailing 24 have, as shown in FIG. 3, a concave conformation.

La fixation sur l'embase 12, par exemple par soudure, du pied de pale 16 prolongé par le segment de pale 17, est réalisée de manière que l'extrados antérieur 21 fasse, par rapport à un plan de référence P perpendiculaire à l'axe x-x', un angle γ pouvant être compris entre 30 à 60° et, de préférence, voisin de 45°. Cette fixation est aussi effectuée, de façon que l'intrados 20 fasse, à partir de sa naissance avec l'embase 12 et le long de la pale et par rapport au même plan de référence P, un angle δ, dit de dégagement, dont la valeur peut être comprises entre 10 et 20° et, par exemple, variant autour de 13°. L'angle δ est prévu pour éviter le damage des produits en cours de malaxage et pour faciliter le nettoyage.The attachment to the base 12, for example by welding, of the blade root 16 extended by the blade segment 17, is carried out in such a way that the front upper surface 21 makes, with respect to a reference plane P perpendicular to the axis x-x ', an angle γ which can be between 30 to 60 ° and preferably around 45 °. This fixing is also carried out, so that the lower surface 20 makes, from its birth with the base 12 and along the blade and relative to the same reference plane P, an angle δ, called clearance, of which the value can be between 10 and 20 ° and, for example, varying around 13 °. The angle δ is provided to avoid damaging the products being kneaded and to facilitate cleaning.

Le segment de pale 17 est conformé pour que l'extrados antérieur 21 subisse, depuis la naissance avec le pied de pale 16 jusqu'au bord marginal 18, un vrillage en direction de l'axe x-x'. Un tel vrillage peut être exprimé comme une variation de l'angle γ prenant, tel que cela est illustré à partir des fig. 4 et 7, dans les différents plans successifs P₁ à P₅, des valeurs voisines de 105, 95, 90, 60, et 30° mesurées, selon le plan considéré, entre l'arête de coupe de l'extrados 21 et la perpendiculaire p à la direction radiale D joignant l'axe x-x' à l'intersection de ladite arête de coupe avec le bord d'attaque 19. Les mêmes coordonnées de référence permettent d'apprécier, sur la fig. 7, l'angle δ entre l'intrados 20 et les perpendiculaires p. The blade segment 17 is shaped so that the anterior upper surface 21 undergoes, from birth with the blade root 16 to the marginal edge 18, a twist in the direction of the axis x-x '. Such a twist can be expressed as a variation of the angle γ taking, as illustrated from FIGS. 4 and 7, in the different successive planes P₁ to P₅, values close to 105, 95, 90, 60, and 30 ° measured, according to the plane considered, between the cutting edge of the upper surface 21 and the perpendicular p in the radial direction D joining the axis x-x ' at the intersection of said cutting edge with the leading edge 19. The same reference coordinates make it possible to appreciate, in FIG . 7, the angle δ between the lower surface 20 and the perpendiculars p .

La conformation décrite ci-dessus de la pale 11 est prévue à diverses fins.The above-described conformation of the blade 11 is intended for various purposes.

La première, résultant de la forme caissonnée, est destinée à lui conférer une résistance mécanique particulièrement élevée, pour lui faire supporter les contraintes résultant de l'application du couple de rotation ou de la réaction présentée par le caractère plus ou moins visqueux des produits en cours de mélange, de brassage ou de malaxage.The first, resulting from the boxed form, is intended to give it a particularly high mechanical strength, to make it withstand the stresses resulting from the application of the torque or the reaction presented by the more or less viscous nature of the products being mixed, stirring or kneading.

Le choix d'une structure caissonnée faisant intervenir un segment de pale 17 en forme de demi-croissant, permet de faire décroître l'effort de frottement, au fur et à mesure de l'éloignement radial, par rapport à l'axe x-x' et de favoriser, en quelque sorte, le passage forcé de la pale 11 à l'intérieur de la matière ou de la composition ou, encore, des produits devant être mélangés.The choice of a boxed structure involving a blade segment 17 in the form of a semi-crescent, makes it possible to decrease the friction force, as the radial distance, relative to the axis x-x ' and to favor, in a way, the forced passage of the blade 11 inside the material or the composition or, again, of the products to be mixed.

Un autre avantage devant être mis au compte de la forme de réalisation choisie, réside dans le fait que la conformation en demi-croissant, de largeur décroissante, permet de faire croître continûment le gradient de vitesse ave l'éloignement du rayon et de favoriser l'effet de brassage, de malaxage ou de mélange qui est, par ailleurs, favorisé par la forme, en section triangulaire, offerte par le pied de pale 16 et le segment de pale 17. Another advantage to be taken into account for the chosen embodiment, resides in the fact that the semi-crescent conformation, of decreasing width, makes it possible to continuously increase the speed gradient with the distance from the radius and to favor the brewing, kneading or mixing effect which is moreover favored by the shape, in triangular section, offered by the blade root 16 and the blade segment 17.

La forme triangulaire, en caisson creux, permet aussi de conférer à la pale 11 une résistance mécanique particulièrement élevée aux variations de pression susceptibles de se produire à l'intérieur de la cuve 2, soit par suite de réaction des produits entrant dans la composition, soit en raison de l'entretien d'une variation de pression relative par rapport à l'ambiante.The triangular shape, in a hollow box, also makes it possible to confer on the blade 11 a particularly high mechanical resistance to pressure variations likely to occur inside the tank 2, that is to say as a result of reaction of the products entering into the composition, either because of the maintenance of a relative pressure variation compared to the ambient.

La forme de la pale 11 est, également, choisie de manière que la partie du bord d'attaque 19, définie par le pied de pale 16, assume une fonction de raclage par rapport au fond de la cuve 2 et limite, ainsi, la stagnation d'une masse de matière de produit faiblement sollicitée en raison de la vitesse de déplacement linéaire relativement faible qui est impartie au produit ou à la matière à peu de distance du moyeu 10. La fonction de raclage est, également, dévolue à l'ensemble du bord d'attaque 19, en raison de la conformation particulière de la pale 11 amenant ce bord d'attaque à suivre, au plus près, la partie correspondante de la face interne 2a de la cuve.The shape of the blade 11 is also chosen so that the part of the leading edge 19, defined by the blade root 16, assumes a scraping function relative to the bottom of the tank 2 and thus limits the stagnation of a mass of product material which is weakly stressed due to the relatively low linear speed of movement which is imparted to the product or to the material at a short distance from the hub 10. The scraping function is also assigned to the assembly of the leading edge 19, due to the particular conformation of the blade 11 causing this leading edge to follow, as closely as possible, the corresponding part of the inner face 2a of the tank.

La forme particulière de la pale 11 et, plus particulièrement, celle en caisson à section triangulaire, permet de constituer, entre les extrados antérieur 21 et postérieur 22, une arête 23 dite de décrochage, ayant pour effet de créer une rupture d'écoulement pour la matière ou les produits préalablement pris en charge par l'extrados 21. Un tel décrochage crée un mouvement turbulent, immédiatement après l'arête 23 et favorise le brassage, le malaxage, le mélange ou l'homogénéisation des produits en cours de traitement.The particular shape of the blade 11 and, more particularly, that of a box with a triangular section, makes it possible to constitute, between the anterior 21 and posterior extrados 22, an edge 23 known as a stall, having the effect of creating a flow break for the material or the products previously taken care of by the upper surface 21. Such a stall creates a turbulent movement, immediately after the edge 23 and promotes the mixing, kneading, mixing or homogenization of the products being treated.

Selon une autre disposition avantageuse de l'invention, la réalisation en caisson du pied de pale 16 et du segment de pale 17 est complétée par un cloisonnage interne constitué par des parois 30 rapportées par tout moyen convenable. Les parois 30 assument une fonction de renforcement des caissons et sont, en outre, organisées, comme cela apparaît aux fig. 5 et 8, pour délimiter, entre elles et à l'intérieur du pied de pale 16 et du segment de pale 17, des canaux ou compartiments 31 et 32 communiquant entre eux en bout de pale, pour permettre la circulation d'un fluide caloriporteur à l'intérieur de cette dernière.According to another advantageous arrangement of the invention, the production in a box of the blade root 16 and of the blade segment 17 is completed by an internal partitioning constituted by walls 30 added by any suitable means. The walls 30 assume a function of reinforcing the boxes and are, moreover, organized, as appears in FIGS. 5 and 8, to delimit, between them and inside the blade root 16 and the blade segment 17, channels or compartments 31 and 32 communicating with each other at the blade tip, to allow the circulation of a heat transfer fluid inside the latter.

Les canaux 31 et 32 sont en relation avec des passages 33 et 34 qui sont ménagés dans l'embase de fixation 12, de façon à coïncider avec des conduits complémentaires présentés par la moyeu 10. The channels 31 and 32 are in relation to passages 33 and 34 which are formed in the fixing base 12, so as to coincide with complementary conduits presented by the hub 10.

Ainsi, par ces moyens, il devient possible d'entretenir, à l'intérieur de chaque pale 11, la circulation aller et retour d'un fluide caloriporteur faisant assumer à la pale, dans son ensemble, une fonction d'échangeur thermique pour réguler la température du produit ou de la composition en cours de mélange par apport ou prélèvement de calories, en fonction, soit de l'élévation de température résultant du brassage ou du malaxage, soit du déroulement ou du développement d'un processus réactif intervenant par intéraction entre des composants du ou des produits.Thus, by these means, it becomes possible to maintain, inside each blade 11, the outward and return circulation of a heat-transfer fluid causing the blade, as a whole, to assume a heat exchanger function to regulate the temperature of the product or of the composition being mixed by adding or removing calories, depending either on the rise in temperature resulting from mixing or kneading, or on the course or development of a reactive process intervening by interaction between components of the product (s).

Les parois 30 pourraient aussi être organisées pour ne définir qu'un circuit aller dans le cas où les pales comportent des orifices poreux ou non de diffusion d'un fluide dans les produits.The walls 30 could also be organized so as not to define that a go circuit in the case where the blades have porous orifices or not diffusion of a fluid in the products.

Le pied de pale 16et le segment de pale 17 peuvent être réalisés par assemblage des parois 20 et 21, complété par assemblage des parois 30 de cloisonnement et terminé par assemblage de la paroi 22. The blade root 16 and the blade segment 17 can be produced by assembling the walls 20 and 21, completed by assembling the partition walls 30 and finished by assembling the wall 22.

Claims (8)

  1. Moving agitator member for apparatus for mixing substances in powder, paste or granular form, of the type comprising a hub (10) suitable for fitting to the terminal portion of a drive shaft projecting into a receptacle (2) consituting the apparatus (1), said hub possessing n shaped blades (11) each having a leading edge (19) following the corresponding portion of the inside face (2a) of the receptacle as closely as possible, with each blade comprising :
    - a base (12) suitable for fixing to the hub and centered on the axis of rotation (x-x') thereof,
    - a blade root (16) extending from the outside face of the base (12) along a direction which is substantially radial relative to the axis of rotation (x-x'), and
    - a curved blade segment (17) running on from the blade root (16) and rising at an angle (β) relative to the axis of rotation (x-x'), sweeping rearwardly in order to present its convex leading edge (19) in the direction of rotation of the moving member,
    characterized in that :
    - the blade root (16) and the blade segment (17) are made in the form of hollow sections which are triangular in shape in right-cross section,
    - the blade segment (17) is in the form of a half-crescent of tapering width from the blade root,
    - the blade segment is twisted, at least in its terminal portion through an angle (γ) towards the axis of rotation.
  2. Moving agitator member according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade root (16) and the blade segment (17) are made in the form of a section member partitioned by internal walls (30) defining at least one flow circuit (31) in communication with passages (33, 34) provided through the base in order to communicate with at least one duct provided in the hub and connected to an installation (7, 8) for producing a fluid flow.
  3. Moving agitator member according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the blade root (16) and the blade segment (17) include a bottom wall (20) forming a bottom surface and two outer walls forming an upper surface, and respectively constituted by a leading wall (21) and a trailing wall (22) relative to the direction of rotation of the moving member, said walls being interconnected to define together a convex leading edge (19), a concave roll-off ridge (23) and a concave trailing edge (24).
  4. Moving agitator member according to claim 3, characterized in that the blade root forms an angle (γ) relative to a reference plane (P) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (x-x').
  5. Moving agitator member according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle (γ) gets smaller going from the blade root towards the marginal edge.
  6. Moving agitator member according to claim 3, characterized in that the bottom surface (20) defines a clearance angle (δ).
  7. Moving agitator member according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the axis (y-y') of the blade root forms an angle (α) with a pure radial direction passing through the axis of rotation (x-x').
  8. Mixing apparatus having a drive shaft passing locally therethrough and having a moving agitator member according to one of claims 1 to 7, mounted thereon.
EP88420436A 1987-12-30 1988-12-27 Stirring device for mixing devices for powdery, pasty or granular products Expired - Lifetime EP0323375B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88420436T ATE79786T1 (en) 1987-12-30 1988-12-27 STIRRING DEVICE FOR MIXERS FOR POWDERY, PASTA OR GRAINY PRODUCTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8718546 1987-12-30
FR8718546A FR2625449B1 (en) 1987-12-30 1987-12-30 AGITATOR FOR MIXING APPARATUS FOR POWDERY, PASTY OR GRANULAR PRODUCTS

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0323375A1 EP0323375A1 (en) 1989-07-05
EP0323375B1 true EP0323375B1 (en) 1992-08-26

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EP88420436A Expired - Lifetime EP0323375B1 (en) 1987-12-30 1988-12-27 Stirring device for mixing devices for powdery, pasty or granular products

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EP (1) EP0323375B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2935845B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE79786T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1295325C (en)
DE (1) DE3874114T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2035355T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2625449B1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
DE3874114D1 (en) 1992-10-01
ATE79786T1 (en) 1992-09-15
US4941750A (en) 1990-07-17
FR2625449A1 (en) 1989-07-07
EP0323375A1 (en) 1989-07-05
FR2625449B1 (en) 1991-05-10
DE3874114T2 (en) 1993-04-01
ES2035355T3 (en) 1993-04-16
JPH01215337A (en) 1989-08-29
CA1295325C (en) 1992-02-04
JP2935845B2 (en) 1999-08-16

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