EP0317220B1 - Revêtements de tunnel - Google Patents

Revêtements de tunnel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317220B1
EP0317220B1 EP88310688A EP88310688A EP0317220B1 EP 0317220 B1 EP0317220 B1 EP 0317220B1 EP 88310688 A EP88310688 A EP 88310688A EP 88310688 A EP88310688 A EP 88310688A EP 0317220 B1 EP0317220 B1 EP 0317220B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segment
bolt
segments
sockets
dowels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88310688A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0317220A1 (fr
Inventor
Christopher Richard Gradwell Smith
John Patrick Doody
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
C.V. BUCHAN (CONCRETE) LIMITED
Original Assignee
CV Buchan Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CV Buchan Ltd filed Critical CV Buchan Ltd
Priority to AT88310688T priority Critical patent/ATE71430T1/de
Publication of EP0317220A1 publication Critical patent/EP0317220A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0317220B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317220B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments

Definitions

  • This invention relates to linings for tunnels which are built up of concrete segments, the segments being connected together edge-to-edge to form annuli and the end edges of the annuli being joined together to form a continuous lining for the tunnel.
  • This invention is especially but not exclusively intended for use when assembling a tunnel lining having a smooth inner surface.
  • the invention is intended to provide a method of assembling a tunnel lining which is simple and easy to use when working in a confined space inside a tunnel, in which both the segments of an annulus and adjacent annuli are positively joined together so that the lining can resist internal hydrostatic pressure, and in which the assembled lining has a substantially smooth inner surface with no connecting elements extending radially inwardly of the lining.
  • NL-A-99,326 discloses a similar concept and in this case a U-channel type of insert is provided with inturned flanges in the concrete for joining the concrete segments.
  • the present invention allows the recess containing the insert to be comparatively shallow and to be provided partly in both of the adjoining segments.
  • tunnel lining concrete segments for joining together at their side edges to form an annulus the intended opposed side edges of adjoining segments of the annulus having interengaging joining means which are interengaged by sliding one segment relatively to the other in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; said interengaging joining means comprising a recess in the side edge of one segment containing an insert comprising a channel member having two inturned flanges defining a slot in the side edge and the side edge of the adjoining segment being provided with a screw-threaded bolt screwable into the segment and projecting outwardly of the segment edge, the bolt having a head which abuts the inner surfaces of said flanges to clamp the segments together when the bolt is tightened by screwing into its segment, characterised in that said bolt has a portion located on its shank between the head and the screw-threaded portion, which portion is for receiving a spanner to screw the bolt into a screw-threaded socket in the adjoining segment, the bolt being dimensioned so that
  • the end edges of the segments of adjacent annuli can contain opposed sockets of substantially uniform cross-section, the sockets containing dowels having radially extending fins of resiliently deformable material of greater width than the sockets and extending into the opposed sockets so that after insertion of the dowels in the sockets of an annulus and sliding of a segment of an adjacent annulus in the longitudinal direction into abutment therewith the finned dowels retaining the segments of the adjacent annuli together.
  • the fins may be integral with the dowels and formed of a resilient plastics material. As they are inserted in the sockets the fins are deformed elastically so that they are inclined with their outer edges abutting the side of the socket to resist withdrawal of the dowel from the socket. As both ends of the dowel are engaged within opposed sockets of the adjacent segments, the finned dowels hold the segments (and thus the annuli formed of the segments) together.
  • the sockets are simple holes, generally but not necessarily of circular cross-section, formed in the segment edges. They may be formed when the segments are cast and do not generally require any lining element. The end edges of tunnel lining segments are commonly provided with such sockets for other reasons.
  • interengaging joining means of the side edges of the segments may be of a type described in British Patent 2092644.
  • annulus for a tunnel lining is made up of concrete arcuate segments 1, an invert segment 1A and a key segment 2 joined together side-by-side. Adjacent annuli are joined together side-by-side to form a continuous watertight concrete lining for a tunnel as shown in Figure 2.
  • FIG. 3 to 7 One of the side-to-side joints 3 is shown in Figures 3 to 7.
  • the side edge of one of the adjoining segments is provided with a recess 5 which is elongate in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel lining.
  • the recess is provided with a steel insert member 7 which comprises a generally U-shaped channel member 8 having a pair of inturned flanges 9 defining a slot capable of receiving the shank of a threaded bolt with a bolt head, of greater width than the slot, positioned within the channel member, so that on tightening of the bolt the bolt head may abut the rear surfaces 10 of the flanges.
  • the base of the U-shaped channel member is welded to a stem 11 having an enlarged base 12.
  • the channel member is cast into the recess, as shown in Figure 5, and is held firmly in place by the stem 11 and base 12. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the channel member occupies the central part of the recess and the head of a bolt may be inserted in the recess at its ends which are not occupied by the channel member.
  • the side edge of the adjacent segment has a recess 13 opening into the tunnel lining interior and an internally screw-threaded steel socket 14 cast into the concrete.
  • Socket 14 receives the end of a screw-threaded bolt 15 having a circular head 16 and a portion 17 which may be hexagonal to receive a spanner for screwing the bolt into the socket.
  • the bolt is dimensioned so that the bolt shank between the hexagonal portion and the head may pass through the slot between flanges 9 whereas the head is wider than the slot.
  • the segments When adjoining segments of an annulus are joined together the segments may be positioned edge-to-edge with the bolt head of one segment inserted in the end of a corresponding recess of the other segment.
  • One segment may then be moved in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel lining so that bolt head 16 moves to within the insert 8, its shank being between flanges 9.
  • the hexagonal part may then be rotated, using a spanner applied from the inside of the tunnel through recess 13, to screw the bolt into socket 14 and tighten head 16 against the rear flange surfaces, thus clamping the adjoining segments together.
  • the recesses may be filled with cement or other filling material to provide a smooth inner surface for the tunnel lining.
  • the joints 4 used for joining the end edges of the segments of adjacent annuli together are shown in Figure 9.
  • the adjoining segment edges are provided with sockets 21 which may be simple holes of uniform circular cross-section formed in the segment edge on casting.
  • the segments are held together by dowels, shown separately in Figure 8, comprising a cylindrical body 22 having tapering ends 23.
  • Body 22 has radially projecting integral fins 24.
  • the dowel is made of elastically deformable plastics material and the body has a diameter slightly less than the diameter of holes 21 but the fins have an external diameter greater than that of the hole.
  • the dowel When the dowel is inserted in the hole the fins form an interference fit with the surrounding concrete and the fins are deformed on insertion to resist withdrawal of the dowel from the hole.
  • the dowel holds them together.
  • the invert segment having recesses 5 on both its side edges is first located and the adjacent segments, having bolts on one side edge and recesses on the other, are then located with their bolt heads in the recesses of the invert segment and slid longitudinally into position so that their bolt heads are behind the flanges 9.
  • the adjoining segments of the annulus are fitted in the same way and finally the key segment, opposite the invert segment is fitted to complete the annulus.
  • the key segment has bolts on both of its side edges to engage the corresponding recesses in the adjacent segments.
  • the sockets 4 of the segments of the preceding annulus are fitted with finned dowels 22, extending into and outwardly of the sockets.
  • the dowels are tapered at their ends to facilitate alignment with the sockets and the distance by which they are inserted, generally by tapping with a hammer, is not critical provided that the fins engage the wall of the socket.
  • Invert segment 1A of the annulus is then located adjacent the invert segment of the preceding annulus, and applied to the dowels extending from the preceding annulus as shown in Figure 8.
  • the adjacent segments are then located at a forward axial position with their bolts 15 extending into the sockets of the invert segment, and slid longitudinally towards the preceding segment so that the bolts move to between flanges 9 and their sockets engage the dowels extending from the preceding annulus.
  • the whole annulus is assembled in this way, and after tightening of bolts 15 the recesses 13 may be filled with cement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Hall/Mr Elements (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Insulated Gate Type Field-Effect Transistor (AREA)
  • Thin Film Transistor (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Procédé pour assembler un revêtement de tunnel formé de segments en béton (1) reliés ensemble au niveau de leurs bords latéraux pour former des couronnes et, au niveau de leurs bords terminaux, pour relier les couronnes ensemble, les bords latéraux opposés de segments adjacents d'une couronne ayant des moyens de liaison coopérants (3, 8-17) que l'on fait coopérer en glissant un premier segment par rapport à l'autre dans le sens longitudinal du tunnel, ces moyens de liaison coopérants comprenant un évidement (5) dans le bord latéral du premier segment contenant un insert constitué par un élément de profilé en U (8) ayant deux rebords retournés vers l'intérieur (9) définissant une fente dans le bord latéral, le bord latéral du segment adjacent étant muni d'un boulon fileté (15) pouvant être vissé dans le segment et se projetant à l'extérieur du bord du segment, et, lorsque le premier segment est glissé dans la direction longitudinale du tunnel, le boulon à l'intérieur de l'évidement se déplaçant pour arriver dans une position entre ces rebords, le boulon ayant une tête (16) qui vient en butée sur les surfaces intérieures (10) de ces rebords (9) pour brider les segments ensemble lorsque le boulon est serré en le vissant dans son segment, caractérisé en ce que le boulon a une portion (17) située sur sa tige entre la tête (16) et la portion filetée (15), cette portion (17) étant prévue pour recevoir une clé pour visser le boulon dans une douille taraudée (14) dans le segment adjacent, le boulon étant dimensionné de telle sorte que la tige du boulon entre cette portion (17) et la tête (16) passe à travers la fente définie par les rebords (9), la tête (16) étant plus large que la fente.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les bords terminaux des segments de couronnes adjacentes contiennent des douilles opposées (21), le procédé consistant en outre à introduire des chevilles dans les douilles d'un segment et à glisser un segment dans le sens longitudinal du tunnel, de telle sorte que ses moyens de liaison coopèrent avec ceux d'un segment adjacent de la couronne et que son bord terminal vienne en butée sur un segment de la couronne adjacente avec les chevilles s'étendant dans les douilles en vis-à-vis des segments en butée.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel les chevilles ont des nervures radiales (24) en un matériau élastiquement déformable, ces nervures étant plus larges que les douilles (21), et les nervures, qui ont été déformées, sont amenées à coopérer avec les surfaces intérieures de deux douilles en vis-à-vis pour maintenir les couronnes adjacentes ensemble.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, dans lequel les extrémités des chevilles sont effilées.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2, 3 ou 4, dans lequel les chevilles sont en matière plastique.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, dans lequel les douilles dans lesquelles les chevilles sont introduites sont des trous non revêtus dans le béton des segments.
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, dans lequel les douilles (21) ont une section transversale pratiquement uniforme.
8. Segments de revêtement de tunnel en béton destinés à être reliés ensemble au niveau de leurs bords latéraux pour former une couronne, les bords latéraux opposés de segments adjacents de la couronne ayant des moyens de liaison coopérants (3, 8-17) que l'on fait coopérer en glissant un premier segment par rapport à l'autre dans le sens longitudinal du tunnel, ces moyens de liaison coopérants comprenant un évidement (5) dans le bord latéral du premier segment contenant un insert constitué par un élément de profilé en U (8) ayant deux rebords retournés vers l'intérieur (9) définissant une fente dans le bord latéral et le bord latéral du segment adjacent étant muni d'un boulon fileté (15) pouvant être vissé dans le segment et se projetant vers l'extérieur du bord du segment, le boulon ayant une tête (16) qui vient en butée sur les surfaces intérieures (10) des rebords (9) pour brider les segments ensemble lorsque le boulon est serré en le vissant dans son segment, caractérisés en ce que le boulon a une portion (17) située sur sa tige entre la tête (16) et la portion filetée (15), cette portion (17) étant prévue pour recevoir une clé pour visser le boulon dans une douille taraudée (14) dans le segment adjacent, le boulon étant dimensionné de telle sorte que la tige du boulon entre la portion (17) et la tête (16) peut passer à travers cette fente définie par les rebords (9), la tête (16) étant plus large que la fente.
9. Segments en béton selon la revendication 8, dans lesquels les bords qui sont prévus pour former les bords terminaux des segments de couronnes adjacentes contiennent des douilles opposées (21), des chevilles (22) étant prévues pour être introduites dans les douilles d'un tel segment.
10. Segments en béton selon la revendication 9, dans lesquels les chevilles ont des nervures radiales (24) en un matériau élastiquement déformable, ces nervures étant plus larges que les douilles (21).
11. Segments en béton selon la revendication 9 ou 10, dans lesquels les extrémités des chevilles sont effilées.
12. Segments en béton selon l'une des revendications 9, 10 ou 11, dans lesquels les chevilles sont en matière plastique.
13. Segments en béton selon l'une des revendications 9, 10, 11 ou 12, dans lesquels les douilles dans lesquelles les chevilles doivent être introduites sont des trous non revêtus dans le béton des segments.
14. Segments en béton selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 13, dans lesquels les douilles (21) ont une section transversale pratiquement uniforme.
EP88310688A 1987-11-13 1988-11-11 Revêtements de tunnel Expired - Lifetime EP0317220B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88310688T ATE71430T1 (de) 1987-11-13 1988-11-11 Tunnelausbau.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8726575 1987-11-13
GB878726575A GB8726575D0 (en) 1987-11-13 1987-11-13 Tunnel linings

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317220A1 EP0317220A1 (fr) 1989-05-24
EP0317220B1 true EP0317220B1 (fr) 1992-01-08

Family

ID=10626883

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88310688A Expired - Lifetime EP0317220B1 (fr) 1987-11-13 1988-11-11 Revêtements de tunnel

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0317220B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE71430T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3867605D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB8726575D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9322603D0 (en) * 1993-11-02 1993-12-22 Buchan C V Ltd Device for jointing two members together
FR2715189B1 (fr) * 1994-01-14 1996-04-05 Tuyaux Bonna Paire de voussoirs conjugués destinés à la réalisation d'un tunnel et voussoirs d'une telle paire.
FR2737535B1 (fr) * 1995-08-04 1997-10-03 Soc D Tuyaux Bonna Dispositif de brochage mutuel de deux voussoirs
FR2739119B1 (fr) * 1995-09-26 2000-12-22 Stradal Sa Procede et dispositif d'assemblage de deux elements en beton
GB9615186D0 (en) * 1996-07-19 1996-09-04 Buchan C V Ltd Connecting device for connecting concrete segments
FR2754839B1 (fr) * 1996-10-18 1998-12-24 Campenon Bernard Sge Procede de fixation d'un element en beton, element, anneau et ensemble ainsi obtenus
GB2333819A (en) * 1997-11-13 1999-08-04 Terence Smith A dowel pin for locking components together
DE59811754D1 (de) * 1998-01-21 2004-09-09 Wayss & Freytag Ag Tübbingauskleidung für unterirdische zylindrische Bauwerke in Böden mit geringer Standfestigkeit
GB2333799A (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-04 Buchan C V Ltd Device for joining two members together
JP2000054795A (ja) * 1998-08-11 2000-02-22 Ohbayashi Corp セグメント
GB0025264D0 (en) * 2000-10-14 2000-11-29 Smith C R Device for joining segments
CZ305588B6 (cs) * 2014-08-28 2015-12-23 Metrostav A.S. Spoj betonových segmentů tunelového ostění a způsob spojování těchto segmentů
CN104878854A (zh) * 2015-04-14 2015-09-02 华南理工大学建筑设计研究院 装配式剪力墙水平拼缝卡扣焊接组合连接装置
CN108086484B (zh) * 2017-12-26 2021-05-18 洛阳固岳轨道科技有限公司 一种防滑槽式预埋件
CN109736837A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2019-05-10 天津大学 一种用于隧道抗震的可变形管片接头
CN109958457B (zh) * 2019-04-09 2024-04-19 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 穿越特殊地层隧道的管片环间抗剪结构及其设置方法
CN110761414B (zh) * 2019-10-29 2020-12-29 华中科技大学 I型标准块组合式榫卯接头及装配式建造构件
IT201900024823A1 (it) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-19 Bearings And Joints S R L Sistema di connessione tra conci prefabbricati per la realizzazione di un anello modulare per tunnel, gallerie, condotte e simili e anello modulare comprendente un tale sistema di connessione
CN111794768A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-10-20 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 推压紧固与弯螺栓组合的盾构管片接头及其使用方法
CN114198118A (zh) * 2021-12-25 2022-03-18 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 一种地下工程节点处理结构及其施工方法
CN115013010A (zh) * 2022-06-21 2022-09-06 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种适用于活动断裂带区段的钢管片结构及安装方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL99326C (fr) * 1900-01-01
DE2457427A1 (de) * 1974-12-05 1976-06-10 Wayss & Freytag Ag Tuebbing mit selbstverriegelnden verbindungs-elementen fuer den ausbau von tunneln und schaechten
DE2631396C2 (de) * 1976-07-13 1978-02-16 Beine, Karlheinz, Dipl.-Ing, 4030 Ratingen In ein Bauteil einbettbare Ankerschiene mit Verankerungselementen
GB2092644B (en) * 1980-12-17 1984-07-18 Fairclough Civil Eng Tunnel linings
GB2103684B (en) * 1981-08-07 1985-09-04 Commercial Shearing Tunnel liners
DE8533059U1 (de) * 1985-11-23 1987-03-26 Halfeneisen GmbH & Co KG, 4000 Düsseldorf In C-förmigen Ankerschienen verspannbare Ankerschienenschraube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3867605D1 (de) 1992-02-20
EP0317220A1 (fr) 1989-05-24
GB8726575D0 (en) 1987-12-16
ATE71430T1 (de) 1992-01-15

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