EP0315505A1 - Elektrischer selbstgeblasener Lastschalter mit veränderlichem Löschkammervolumen - Google Patents

Elektrischer selbstgeblasener Lastschalter mit veränderlichem Löschkammervolumen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0315505A1
EP0315505A1 EP88402692A EP88402692A EP0315505A1 EP 0315505 A1 EP0315505 A1 EP 0315505A1 EP 88402692 A EP88402692 A EP 88402692A EP 88402692 A EP88402692 A EP 88402692A EP 0315505 A1 EP0315505 A1 EP 0315505A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
contacts
extinguishing chamber
circuit breaker
arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP88402692A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Roger Bolongeat-Mobleu
Régis Rival
Gérard Menou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0315505A1 publication Critical patent/EP0315505A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/94—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected solely due to the pressure caused by the arc itself or by an auxiliary arc
    • H01H33/95—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected solely due to the pressure caused by the arc itself or by an auxiliary arc the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-expanding electric circuit breaker comprising: - a sealed enclosure filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, an arc extinguishing chamber disposed inside said enclosure and having a communication orifice with the enclosure and a wall arranged in a piston, the displacement of which causes a variation in the volume of the extinguishing chamber, said piston being biased in position of minimum volume of the extinguishing chamber and moving under the action of an increase in the pressure in the extinguishing chamber to increase the volume of the latter, a pair of contacts disposed in the arc extinguishing chamber, said communication orifice being closed in the closed position of said pair of contacts and opening when the contacts are separated to allow a flow of the compressed blowing gas from the arc drawn between the contacts of the extinguishing chamber towards the enclosure.
  • An electric circuit breaker of the kind mentioned, in particular at medium or high voltage, requires relatively low operating energy and allows the breaking of the current by deriving the blowing energy from the arc, from the heating due to the arc.
  • the effect of blowing is no longer obtained by a mechanical piston action, but by heating under the action of the arc which depends on many factors, in particular the intensity of the current flowing through the circuit breaker, the volume of the extinguishing chamber and contact separation speed. It is difficult to design a self-expanding circuit breaker capable of correctly breaking both low currents and very high short circuit currents intensity.
  • a small volume chamber is suitable for breaking low current but during a short-circuit current, the volume of the blowing gas is insufficient.
  • the pressure build-up is insufficient to blow out the arcs of low currents.
  • the present invention aims to allow the realization of a self-expanding circuit breaker having a volume arc extinguishing chamber adapting to the intensity of the arc to be extinguished.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that said contacts are arcing contacts on which the arc drawn during the separation of said contacts remains anchored until it goes out and that one semi-fixed of the contacts is integral of said piston, so as to increase the separation distance of the contacts when the piston moves under the action of the pressure in the extinguishing chamber due to the arc drawn between the contacts.
  • the contacts elongated are mounted to slide axially, one of the contacts being movable and the other contact being mounted semi-fixed while being rigidly secured to the piston confining the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • At least one and preferably the two contacts are tubular to form orifices for blowing the blowing gases through the contacts, these blowing orifices being closed in the closed and abutting position of the contacts.
  • the semi-fixed mounting of one of the contacts ensures correct closing, independent of manufacturing tolerances and the spring urging the piston into the minimum volume position of the extinguishing chamber simultaneously ensures the contact closing pressure. In the closed position of the contacts, the piston is held by the abutted contacts in an intermediate position close to the minimum volume position.
  • the semi-fixed contact initially accompanies the movable contact in its movement by causing compression of the gas in the chamber. 'extinction, due to the displacement of the piston towards the minimum volume position.
  • This displacement of the semi-fixed contact and of the piston is generated by the spring which maintains the semi-fixed contact at the abutment of the movable contact.
  • the semi-fixed contact abuts and separates from the movable contact by drawing an arc. This precompression of blowing gases, well known to specialists, promotes rapid extinction of the arc.
  • the piston remains in the minimum volume position or moves to increase the volume of the extinguishing chamber. As soon as the contacts are separated, the compressed gas in the extinguishing chamber escapes through the tubular contacts to the enclosure of the circuit breaker.
  • the extinguishing chamber can be subdivided into two compartments when the piston is in the minimum volume position, only one of the compartments constituting the extinguishing chamber as long as the piston remains in this position.
  • the partition wall of the two compartments may be a cylindrical collar integral with the piston and coaxially surrounding the semi-fixed contact, this collar coming into abutment to maintain the piston in the position of minimum volume.
  • the cylindrical flange confines a restricted arc extinguishing chamber of sufficient volume for breaking low current.
  • the blowing effect due to the piston after the arc has been extinguished can be modulated by slowing the movement of the piston, for example pneumatically by limiting the entry of gas into a space confined by the piston.
  • a limited opening shunt valve allows the piston to move freely in the direction of contact separation.
  • the braking space or volume is confined by the cylinder of the extinguishing chamber and by two bottoms, one consisting of the face of the piston opposite the arc extinguishing chamber, and the other by a bottom. fixed closing the cylinder.
  • the pole includes a sealed enclosure 10 filled with a gas with high dielectric strength such as sulfur hexafluoride under low pressure or at atmospheric pressure.
  • a gas with high dielectric strength such as sulfur hexafluoride under low pressure or at atmospheric pressure.
  • a cylinder 12 closed by fixed bottoms 14 and 16.
  • a piston 18 delimiting on the side of the fixed bottom 16, a forming chamber and arc extinction 20 and on the opposite side a braking chamber 22.
  • a semi-fixed tubular contact 24 which passes through the piston 18 and the bottom 14.
  • the opposite bottom 16 of the arc extinction 20 is crossed by a movable tubular contact 28, extended outside the enclosure 10 by a control rod 30.
  • the cylinder 12 and the control rod 30 are made of an insulating material, while the bottom 14 metal is arranged in the current supply range to the semi-fixed contact 24.
  • the other current supply range (not shown) cooperates by means of friction contacts with the movable contact 28.
  • the interior of the contact semi-fixed 24 communicates freely with the enclosure 10 and the interior of the movable contact 28 communicates with this in surrounded by orifices 32,34, respectively formed in the movable contact 28 and in a guide sleeve integral with the cylinder 12, these orifices 32,34 coming opposite one another to constitute an orifice gas exhaust to enclosure 10.
  • the ends of the contacts 24, 28 are abutted and arranged inside the arc extinguishing chamber 20.
  • a spring 36 interposed between the movable piston 18 and the bottom 14 solicits abutting contacts by supplying contact pressure.
  • the face of the piston 18 delimiting the arc extinguishing chamber 20 carries a cylindrical flange 38 whose free edge 40 is in the vicinity of the end of the semi-fixed contact 24.
  • the edge 40 of the flange 38 abuts on the bottom 16 by confining an extinguishing chamber of reduced volume.
  • the braking volume 22 communicates with the enclosure 10, on the one hand by a limited orifice 42 and, on the other hand by a unidirectional valve 44 authorizing the free escape of the gas from the braking volume 22 towards the enclosure 10.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention operates as follows:
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 20 is limited to a compartment 46 surrounded by the flange 38.
  • the rise in pressure in the compartment 46 due to the arc action is insufficient to push the piston 18 against the force of the spring 36.
  • the compressed gas in the compartment 46 escapes through the tubular contacts 24,28 towards the enclosure 10 by blowing the arc drawn between the separate contacts 24,28.
  • the reduced volume of the arc extinguishing chamber 20 constituted by the compartment 46 allows an increase in pressure and a sufficient blowing for the extinction of the arc of low intensity.
  • the pressure in the extinguishing chamber 20 decreases and the piston 18 is pushed back by the spring 36 causing a blowing of the gases through the contacts 24, 28, to bring fresh gases into the contact separation zone and prevent any re-ignition of the arc.
  • the speed of movement of the piston 18 and therefore the blowing intensity depends on the differential force between the spring 36 and the pressure prevailing in the arc extinguishing chamber 20, and this speed of movement can be modulated by limiting the entry of gas into the braking volume 22 through the limited orifice 42. By choosing a sufficiently small section of the limited orifice 42, the blowing can be maintained for a sufficient time to regenerate the dielectric strength in the contact separation area.
  • the displacement of the piston 18 during the period of persistence of the arc causes the semi-fixed contact 24 to a position of separation of the movable contact 28 which promotes the extinction of the arc during the passage of the current to zero.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
EP88402692A 1987-11-04 1988-10-26 Elektrischer selbstgeblasener Lastschalter mit veränderlichem Löschkammervolumen Ceased EP0315505A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8715467 1987-11-04
FR8715467A FR2622737B1 (fr) 1987-11-04 1987-11-04 Disjoncteur electrique a auto-expansion a volume de chambre d'extinction variable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0315505A1 true EP0315505A1 (de) 1989-05-10

Family

ID=9356602

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88402692A Ceased EP0315505A1 (de) 1987-11-04 1988-10-26 Elektrischer selbstgeblasener Lastschalter mit veränderlichem Löschkammervolumen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4950855A (de)
EP (1) EP0315505A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH01258331A (de)
FR (1) FR2622737B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2646960A1 (fr) * 1989-05-11 1990-11-16 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne tension a autosoufflage
FR2651065A1 (fr) * 1989-08-18 1991-02-22 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne tension a autosoufflage
FR2657998A1 (fr) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-09 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension a autosoufflage.
EP0458236A1 (de) * 1990-05-23 1991-11-27 Gec Alsthom Sa Mittelspannungsschalter

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IT1292453B1 (it) 1997-07-02 1999-02-08 Aeg Niederspannungstech Gmbh Gruppo rotante di contatti per interrutttori di alta portata
DE19819242B4 (de) 1998-04-29 2005-11-10 Ge Power Controls Polska Sp.Z.O.O. Thermomagnetischer Leistungsschalter
US6114641A (en) * 1998-05-29 2000-09-05 General Electric Company Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers
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KR101013709B1 (ko) * 2008-12-03 2011-02-10 엘에스산전 주식회사 수배전반의 고속 투입 스위치
KR101309317B1 (ko) * 2009-09-10 2013-09-30 엘에스산전 주식회사 가스 차단기용 밸브 및 그를 이용한 가스 차단기
FR3030868B1 (fr) * 2014-12-19 2018-02-16 Alstom Technology Ltd Disjoncteur equipe de vannes d'evacuation du gaz sous pression dans les volumes d'echappement

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GB1593994A (en) * 1978-05-18 1981-07-22 Aei Electric circuit breakers
DE3024640A1 (de) * 1980-01-25 1981-08-06 Sprecher & Schuh AG, 5001 Aarau, Aargau Druckgasschalter
EP0041081A1 (de) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-09 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Elektrischer Selbstblasschalter
US4327263A (en) * 1980-06-17 1982-04-27 Mitsubishi Denke Kabushiki Kaisha Switching device

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FR2435118A1 (fr) * 1978-09-04 1980-03-28 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Commutateur a auto-extinction

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1593994A (en) * 1978-05-18 1981-07-22 Aei Electric circuit breakers
DE3024640A1 (de) * 1980-01-25 1981-08-06 Sprecher & Schuh AG, 5001 Aarau, Aargau Druckgasschalter
EP0041081A1 (de) * 1980-06-02 1981-12-09 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Elektrischer Selbstblasschalter
US4327263A (en) * 1980-06-17 1982-04-27 Mitsubishi Denke Kabushiki Kaisha Switching device

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2646960A1 (fr) * 1989-05-11 1990-11-16 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne tension a autosoufflage
EP0398116A1 (de) * 1989-05-11 1990-11-22 Gec Alsthom Sa Mittelspannungsschalter mit Selbstbeblasung
FR2651065A1 (fr) * 1989-08-18 1991-02-22 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne tension a autosoufflage
EP0415098A1 (de) * 1989-08-18 1991-03-06 Gec Alsthom Sa Selbstblasschalter für Mittelspannung
US5179257A (en) * 1989-08-18 1993-01-12 Gec Alsthom Sa Medium-voltage gas circuit-breaker
FR2657998A1 (fr) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-09 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension a autosoufflage.
EP0441292A1 (de) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-14 Gec Alsthom Sa Mittelspannungsschalter mit Selbstbeblasung
US5126516A (en) * 1990-02-07 1992-06-30 Gec Alsthom Sa Puffer-type medium or high tension circuit breaker
EP0458236A1 (de) * 1990-05-23 1991-11-27 Gec Alsthom Sa Mittelspannungsschalter
FR2662540A1 (fr) * 1990-05-23 1991-11-29 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne tension.
US5155313A (en) * 1990-05-23 1992-10-13 Gec Alsthom Sa Medium tension circuit-breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4950855A (en) 1990-08-21
FR2622737A1 (fr) 1989-05-05
FR2622737B1 (fr) 1995-04-14
JPH01258331A (ja) 1989-10-16

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