EP0313696A1 - Diesel fuel with improved cetane number and containing polynitrate esters and stabilizers - Google Patents

Diesel fuel with improved cetane number and containing polynitrate esters and stabilizers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0313696A1
EP0313696A1 EP87309524A EP87309524A EP0313696A1 EP 0313696 A1 EP0313696 A1 EP 0313696A1 EP 87309524 A EP87309524 A EP 87309524A EP 87309524 A EP87309524 A EP 87309524A EP 0313696 A1 EP0313696 A1 EP 0313696A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
composition according
polynitrate
percent
dinitrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87309524A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tsoung-Yuan Yan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Oil Corp
Original Assignee
Mobil Oil Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US06/798,517 priority Critical patent/US4705534A/en
Application filed by Mobil Oil Corp filed Critical Mobil Oil Corp
Priority to EP87309524A priority patent/EP0313696A1/en
Publication of EP0313696A1 publication Critical patent/EP0313696A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
    • C10L1/231—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites nitro compounds; nitrates; nitrites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2227—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond urea; derivatives thereof; urethane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/223—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond having at least one amino group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with improved diesel fuel. More particularly it is concerned with improving the cetane number thereof by adding polynitrate esters and stabilizers for the esters.
  • Cetane number improvers have been used in the form of additives to upgrade marginal diesel fuels to meet specifications for ignition quality.
  • these materials are the commercially marketed octyl nitrates, cyclohexylnitrate, disclosed in German Offenlugenschrift DE3233834A1, primary alkyl nitrate esters such as 2-methyl-2-nitropropyl nitrate (U.S. Patent 4,417,903) and 3-tetrahydrofuranyl nitrate (U.S. Patent 4,406,665).
  • U.S. Patent 4,522,630 disclosed the use of tetrahydro-2,5-furandimethanoldinitrate as a cetane improver for diesel fuels.
  • This invention comprises the addition of polynitrate esters in admixture with certain stabilizing amine compounds to diesel fuel, thereby increasing the cetane rating of diesel fuel, and lessening the hazard of working with these polynitrate esters.
  • This invention provides a liquid fuel composition for use in a diesel engine comprising liquid diesel fuel boiling within the range of 93 to 454°C and containing a cetane number-increasing amount of a mixture of fuel-soluble polynitrate esters and a stabilizer selected from diphenyl amine, diethyl diphenylurea and 2-dinitro-diphenylamine.
  • This invention also provides a method of improving the cetane-rating of a liquid diesel fuel comprising adding to the fuel a cetane-number-increasing amount of a fuel-soluble polynitrate ester and a stabilizer selected from diphenyl amine, diethyl diphenylurea, 2-dinitro-diphenylamine and mixtures thereof.
  • this invention is a liquid additive for diesel fuels to improve their cetane number comprising a mixture of the aforementioned polynitrate esters and stabilizers.
  • the preferred polynitrate esters are selected from ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGD), diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGN), triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGN), 2-methyl-2 [(nitroxy)methyl])-1,3-propanediol dinitrate (PDN). These polynitrates can also be used in mixtures. Other polynitrate esters useful are nitroglycerin, cellulose tri, di, and mono-nitrate and their mixtures.
  • the stabilizers are amine compounds selected from diphenyl amine, diethyl diphenylurea and 2-dinitrodiphenylamine.
  • the polynitrate esters are mixed with the stabilizers at a concentration level of 0.01 to 5% of stabilizer by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1%, based on the polynitrate esters. Too much stabilizer will render the cetane improver ineffective and too little stabilizer will make it unsafe to use. For example, a mixture of 99% DEGN and 1% diphenylamine is an excellent cetane improver.
  • the polynitrate esters are diluted in a liquid diluent in admixture with a stabilizer to form stock solutions.
  • a liquid diluent is a diesel fuel.
  • the stock solutions are made up to contain 10 to 50 percent by weight of the mixture of polynitrate ester and stabilizer.
  • the mixture of polynitrate ester and stabilizer preferably in the stock solution form, is mixed in the diesel oil to be treated for cetane improvement and used for fuel in sufficient quantity to result in a concentration of between about 0.05 and about 1% by weight of the polynitrate ester in the diesel oil.
  • the polynitrates are more effective than the commercial mono-nitrates, such as octyl nitrates commercially used, because of their higher potential for generating reactive species, RO and NO2 to ignite oxidation.
  • the polynitrates are generally more effective than mono-nitrates by a factor of 2 to 5, i.e., the dosage requirement for polynitrates for similar cetane number improvement is 1/2 to 1/5 that required for mononitrates.
  • cetane improvers are especially useful for low quality diesel fuel such as coal derived diesel fuel or ethanol.
  • the cetane number of ethanol is about 8.
  • DII-3 a commercial cetane improver
  • DEGN diethylene glycol trinitrate
  • TEGN triethylene glycol nitrate

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

Mixtures of polynitrate esters and selected amines are effective in improving the cetane number of diesel and alcohol fuels.

Description

  • This invention is concerned with improved diesel fuel. More particularly it is concerned with improving the cetane number thereof by adding polynitrate esters and stabilizers for the esters.
  • Cetane number improvers have been used in the form of additives to upgrade marginal diesel fuels to meet specifications for ignition quality. Examples of these materials are the commercially marketed octyl nitrates, cyclohexylnitrate, disclosed in German Offenlugenschrift DE3233834A1, primary alkyl nitrate esters such as 2-methyl-2-nitropropyl nitrate (U.S. Patent 4,417,903) and 3-tetrahydrofuranyl nitrate (U.S. Patent 4,406,665). More recently U.S. Patent 4,522,630 disclosed the use of tetrahydro-2,5-furandimethanoldinitrate as a cetane improver for diesel fuels. Although many of these polynitrate esters will function well as cetane improvers, their use is hazardous in that they are explosives and are difficult to handle safely.
  • This invention comprises the addition of polynitrate esters in admixture with certain stabilizing amine compounds to diesel fuel, thereby increasing the cetane rating of diesel fuel, and lessening the hazard of working with these polynitrate esters.
  • This invention provides a liquid fuel composition for use in a diesel engine comprising liquid diesel fuel boiling within the range of 93 to 454°C and containing a cetane number-increasing amount of a mixture of fuel-soluble polynitrate esters and a stabilizer selected from diphenyl amine, diethyl diphenylurea and 2-dinitro-diphenylamine.
  • This invention also provides a method of improving the cetane-rating of a liquid diesel fuel comprising adding to the fuel a cetane-number-increasing amount of a fuel-soluble polynitrate ester and a stabilizer selected from diphenyl amine, diethyl diphenylurea, 2-dinitro-diphenylamine and mixtures thereof.
  • In its most preferred embodiment this invention is a liquid additive for diesel fuels to improve their cetane number comprising a mixture of the aforementioned polynitrate esters and stabilizers.
  • The preferred polynitrate esters are selected from ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGD), diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGN), triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGN), 2-methyl-2 [(nitroxy)methyl])-1,3-propanediol dinitrate (PDN). These polynitrates can also be used in mixtures. Other polynitrate esters useful are nitroglycerin, cellulose tri, di, and mono-nitrate and their mixtures.
  • These polynitrates are found to be effective but are generally considered to be explosive and dangerous to handle. The safety of handling these polynitrates is assured by use of a proper amount of stabilizer. The stabilizers are amine compounds selected from diphenyl amine, diethyl diphenylurea and 2-dinitrodiphenylamine.
  • The polynitrate esters are mixed with the stabilizers at a concentration level of 0.01 to 5% of stabilizer by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1%, based on the polynitrate esters. Too much stabilizer will render the cetane improver ineffective and too little stabilizer will make it unsafe to use. For example, a mixture of 99% DEGN and 1% diphenylamine is an excellent cetane improver.
  • To improve the safety of handling the polynitrate esters they are diluted in a liquid diluent in admixture with a stabilizer to form stock solutions. Preferably the diluent is a diesel fuel. The stock solutions are made up to contain 10 to 50 percent by weight of the mixture of polynitrate ester and stabilizer.
  • The mixture of polynitrate ester and stabilizer, preferably in the stock solution form, is mixed in the diesel oil to be treated for cetane improvement and used for fuel in sufficient quantity to result in a concentration of between about 0.05 and about 1% by weight of the polynitrate ester in the diesel oil.
  • The polynitrates are more effective than the commercial mono-nitrates, such as octyl nitrates commercially used, because of their higher potential for generating reactive species, RO and NO₂ to ignite oxidation. The polynitrates are generally more effective than mono-nitrates by a factor of 2 to 5, i.e., the dosage requirement for polynitrates for similar cetane number improvement is 1/2 to 1/5 that required for mononitrates.
  • These cetane improvers are especially useful for low quality diesel fuel such as coal derived diesel fuel or ethanol. The cetane number of ethanol is about 8. For example, to increase the cetane number of ethanol to 52, 16% by weight of a commercial cetane improver (DII-3) is required but only 5% of (diethylene glycol trinitrate) (DEGN), is required to achieve the same effect. This result shows that DEGN is more effective than octyl nitrate (DII-3) by a factor of 3.2. For similar improvement, the dosage required for triethylene glycol nitrate (TEGN) is 4%, indicating that TEGN is more effective than DII-3 by a factor of 4.

Claims (12)

1. A liquid fuel composition adapted for use in a diesel engine, which composition comprises (a) ethanol or diesel fuel boiling within the range of 93° to 454°C containing a cetane number-increasing amount of (b) at least one fuel-soluble polynitrate ester and (c) at least one fuel-soluble stabilizer which is an aromatic amine or aromatic urea.
2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein (c) comprises at least one of diphenylamine, 2-dinitrodiphenylamine, or diethyl diphenylurea.
3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 wherein (b) comprises at least one of ethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, 2-methyl-2[(nitroxy)methyl]-1, 3-propanedoil dinitrate, butanetriol trinitrate, 1,3-propanediol dinitrate, nitroglycerin, cellulose tri-, di-, and mono- nitrate.
4. A composition according to any preceding claim wherein (b) comprises a mixture of mono-, di- and polynitrates.
5. A composition according to claim 4 wherein (b) comprises a mixture of two or more of ethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, 2-methyl-2[(nitroxy)methyl]-1, 3-propanediol dinitrate, and nitroglycerin.
6. A composition according to any preceding claim wherein the concentration of (c) is between about 0.01 percent and about 5 percent of the weight of polynitrate ester present.
7. A composition according to claim 6 wherein the concentration of (c) is between about 0.1 percent and about 1 percent of the weight of polynitrate ester present.
8. A composition according to any preceding claim wherein the concentration of (b) in the liquid fuel composition is between about 0.05 percent and about 1 percent of the weight of liquid fuel.
9. A composition according to any preceding claim wherein (a) comprises a coal derived diesel fuel.
10. A method of improving the cetane-rating of a liquid fuel composition adapted for use in a diesel engine, which method comprises adding to (a) ethanol or diesel fuel boiling within the range of 93° to 454°C a cetane-number-increasing amount of (b) at least one fuel-soluble polynitrate ester and (c) at least one fuel-soluble stabilizer which is a an aromatic amine or aromatic urea.
11. A method of handling and transporting a liquid fuel composition adapted for use in a diesel engine and comprising (a) ethanol or diesel fuel boiling within the range of 93° to 454°C and containing (b) at least one fuel-soluble unstable polynitrate ester, which method comprises adding to the fuel (c) at least one fuel-soluble stabilizer which is an aromatic amine or aromatic urea.
12. A method according to claim 10 or 11 wherein (a), (b) of (c) are defined in any of claims 1 to 9.
EP87309524A 1985-11-15 1987-10-28 Diesel fuel with improved cetane number and containing polynitrate esters and stabilizers Withdrawn EP0313696A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/798,517 US4705534A (en) 1985-11-15 1985-11-15 Cetane number of diesel fuel by incorporating polynitrate esters and stabilizers
EP87309524A EP0313696A1 (en) 1987-10-28 1987-10-28 Diesel fuel with improved cetane number and containing polynitrate esters and stabilizers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87309524A EP0313696A1 (en) 1987-10-28 1987-10-28 Diesel fuel with improved cetane number and containing polynitrate esters and stabilizers

Publications (1)

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EP0313696A1 true EP0313696A1 (en) 1989-05-03

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103450956A (en) * 2013-08-15 2013-12-18 陕西煤业化工集团格瑞新能源科技有限公司 Coal-based diesel assistant
WO2014096323A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Total Marketing Services Gelled hydrocarbon-based fuel composition and process for preparing such a composition
WO2014096326A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Total Marketing Services Use of a viscosifying compound for improving the storage stability of a liquid hydrocarbonated fuel
GB2528041A (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-13 Avocet Fuel Solutions Inc Enhanced fuels, methods of producing enhanced fuels, and additives for enhanced fuels
WO2022183262A1 (en) * 2021-03-02 2022-09-09 Marco Antonio Falquete Alcohol-based renewable fuel formulation applied to the diesel cycle
WO2022183263A1 (en) * 2021-03-01 2022-09-09 Marco Antonio Falquete Cetane improvers for diesel cycle fuels

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR379714A (en) *
US1641520A (en) * 1922-07-26 1927-09-06 Harry P Bassett Motor fuel
FR730238A (en) * 1927-04-14 1932-08-09 Ici Ltd Fuel for internal combustion engines
FR817379A (en) * 1936-02-07 1937-09-01 Standard Oil Dev Co Nitrogenated fuel for diesel engines and method for manufacturing it
GB482783A (en) * 1936-05-20 1938-04-05 Uhde Gmbh Friedrich Improvements in and relating to processes for the manufacture of diesel fuels
GB492516A (en) * 1937-03-18 1938-09-19 Alfred Charles Glyn Egerton Improvements in or relating to a method of preventing the formation of gum-like products in oils
US2378466A (en) * 1941-11-28 1945-06-19 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Diesel fuel and method of improving diesel fuel ignition
US2542193A (en) * 1946-09-17 1951-02-20 Borg Warner Thermally stabilized fuel
US2776194A (en) * 1954-05-18 1957-01-01 Cities Service Res & Dev Co Gasoline compositions
FR1163614A (en) * 1956-12-19 1958-09-29 Additive intended to correct the vicious combustion of fuel oils and other heavy oils
FR1471866A (en) * 1965-03-22 1967-03-03 Universal Oil Prod Co Process for preparing nitrodiarylamines
EP0080314A1 (en) * 1981-11-17 1983-06-01 Aeci Limited Nitrato-polyethers, and their use
EP0116197A2 (en) * 1983-01-14 1984-08-22 Aeci Limited Ignition improver for an alcohol based fuel for compression ignition engines
US4473378A (en) * 1983-03-28 1984-09-25 Ethyl Corporation Desensitized cetane improvers
US4588417A (en) * 1985-09-20 1986-05-13 Ethyl Corporation Fuel compositions
EP0711134A1 (en) * 1993-07-30 1996-05-15 De la Torre, Jack Medicinal for protection from neurological damage

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR379714A (en) *
US1641520A (en) * 1922-07-26 1927-09-06 Harry P Bassett Motor fuel
FR730238A (en) * 1927-04-14 1932-08-09 Ici Ltd Fuel for internal combustion engines
FR817379A (en) * 1936-02-07 1937-09-01 Standard Oil Dev Co Nitrogenated fuel for diesel engines and method for manufacturing it
GB482783A (en) * 1936-05-20 1938-04-05 Uhde Gmbh Friedrich Improvements in and relating to processes for the manufacture of diesel fuels
GB492516A (en) * 1937-03-18 1938-09-19 Alfred Charles Glyn Egerton Improvements in or relating to a method of preventing the formation of gum-like products in oils
US2378466A (en) * 1941-11-28 1945-06-19 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Diesel fuel and method of improving diesel fuel ignition
US2542193A (en) * 1946-09-17 1951-02-20 Borg Warner Thermally stabilized fuel
US2776194A (en) * 1954-05-18 1957-01-01 Cities Service Res & Dev Co Gasoline compositions
FR1163614A (en) * 1956-12-19 1958-09-29 Additive intended to correct the vicious combustion of fuel oils and other heavy oils
FR1471866A (en) * 1965-03-22 1967-03-03 Universal Oil Prod Co Process for preparing nitrodiarylamines
EP0080314A1 (en) * 1981-11-17 1983-06-01 Aeci Limited Nitrato-polyethers, and their use
EP0116197A2 (en) * 1983-01-14 1984-08-22 Aeci Limited Ignition improver for an alcohol based fuel for compression ignition engines
US4473378A (en) * 1983-03-28 1984-09-25 Ethyl Corporation Desensitized cetane improvers
US4588417A (en) * 1985-09-20 1986-05-13 Ethyl Corporation Fuel compositions
EP0711134A1 (en) * 1993-07-30 1996-05-15 De la Torre, Jack Medicinal for protection from neurological damage

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014096323A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Total Marketing Services Gelled hydrocarbon-based fuel composition and process for preparing such a composition
WO2014096326A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Total Marketing Services Use of a viscosifying compound for improving the storage stability of a liquid hydrocarbonated fuel
FR3000101A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-27 Total Raffinage Marketing GELIFIED COMPOSITION OF FUEL OR HYDROCARBON FUEL AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING SUCH A COMPOSITION
FR3000102A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-27 Total Raffinage Marketing USE OF A VISCOSIFYING COMPOUND TO IMPROVE STORAGE STABILITY OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON FUEL OR FUEL
CN103450956A (en) * 2013-08-15 2013-12-18 陕西煤业化工集团格瑞新能源科技有限公司 Coal-based diesel assistant
GB2528041A (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-01-13 Avocet Fuel Solutions Inc Enhanced fuels, methods of producing enhanced fuels, and additives for enhanced fuels
WO2022183263A1 (en) * 2021-03-01 2022-09-09 Marco Antonio Falquete Cetane improvers for diesel cycle fuels
WO2022183262A1 (en) * 2021-03-02 2022-09-09 Marco Antonio Falquete Alcohol-based renewable fuel formulation applied to the diesel cycle

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