EP0311036B1 - Surveillance device for articles and or persons - Google Patents

Surveillance device for articles and or persons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0311036B1
EP0311036B1 EP88116455A EP88116455A EP0311036B1 EP 0311036 B1 EP0311036 B1 EP 0311036B1 EP 88116455 A EP88116455 A EP 88116455A EP 88116455 A EP88116455 A EP 88116455A EP 0311036 B1 EP0311036 B1 EP 0311036B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alarm
signal
generator
electronic circuit
decoder
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EP88116455A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0311036A2 (en
EP0311036A3 (en
Inventor
Thomas Enkelmann
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Conti Temic Microelectronic GmbH
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Temic Telefunken Microelectronic GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/02—Mechanical actuation
    • G08B13/14—Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for monitoring things and / or people according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • resonator marks which are attached to the object to be secured in each case and contain an oscillating circuit which, when the object is brought through a so-called lock, disturbs an RF field generated at this location, whereupon an alarm is triggered.
  • a shoplifter manages to remove the tag from the item to be secured before going through the lock, the theft cannot be detected.
  • An electronic monitoring system using security tags or tags with increased functional capabilities is known from GB-A-2 181 326.
  • signals with various message contents are transmitted from a transmission device to the fuse tags, and are decoded in the fuse tags. If the signals fail to appear or the fuse tags are removed, an alarm device in the fuse tag is activated by a signal processor, unless an alarm triggering is previously prevented by a correspondingly coded transmission signal.
  • an electronic circuit of a transmitter for emitting a coded RF signal comprises a divider, via which the alarm signal is routed such that an alarm is only triggered if one corresponds to the partial ratio of the divider Number of alarm signals was received.
  • This design of the device ensures, on the one hand, increased interference immunity compared to the conventional system of the type mentioned at the outset, which always emits an acoustic alarm when it reaches outside the area in which an uncoded HF field is generated. It is now no longer possible even for technically adept long fingers to mute the device with the aid of a simple transmitter, since an alarm is emitted in the same way when an uncoded or incorrectly coded HF signal is present as in the absence of any HF signal. If the device is designed in such a way that an alarm is emitted when a specific signal is present, the interference immunity to external influences is also significantly increased in this case. For example, it cannot happen that all objects provided with the devices in a toy department of a department store give the alarm when a radio-controlled toy car is presented to a customer.
  • the coding can "individualize” the visitor. Is the Device designed so that it emits an alarm when it receives a signal with a certain code, so you can set up transmitters in the areas that should not be entered by the visitor, which emit this code. There are z. B. also easily conceivable different "levels” which can be defined overlapping one another within a factory site using RF transmitters which emit different types of codes. Depending on the classification of the visitor, the visitor then receives a device with a decoder which issues an alarm when a certain, possibly also different, code is present (in an OR link).
  • this design and use of the device as a visitor badge not only enables visitors to be monitored, but also, for. B. also an automatic "pilot" of the visitor z. B. by a larger site, which is divided by transmitters with different codes in "grid squares".
  • the device designed in this way can also be used advantageously as an anti-theft device.
  • a department store with 3 floors you can e.g. B. assign a special code to each floor, to which all security marks are set with which the objects on this floor are provided.
  • the coders of the HF transmitters are then set so that each floor is provided with transmitters that build up corresponding HF fields, but the code which triggers an alarm is not emitted on the floor in question. This triggers an alarm when a secured item is moved from one floor to the other.
  • an RF field with appropriate coding must be present in order to keep a security mark mute.
  • the device is advantageously designed in such a way that once an alarm has been triggered, it continues to be emitted until the device receives an RF signal which is modulated with a second code, which leads to the alarm being switched off.
  • the associated RF transmitters are preferably designed as handheld devices, the z. B. every department store detective carries with him.
  • the safety of the devices in question are further determined by the life of the battery used. Since the housing of the devices must of course not exceed a certain maximum and the costs for large batteries are higher than for small batteries, only a limited operating time of the devices is possible. After the battery has tired, an alarm is no longer triggered. If the operating time of the devices with a battery set is very short, the statistical probability of a used battery is higher than for devices with a longer operating time. To solve this problem, the invention proposes to provide a clock in the device, which at defined intervals, for. B. once per second, emits switch-on signals which "awaken" the remaining active parts of the device by their power supply is turned on while these active parts "sleep" between these signals.
  • the duration of the "wake-up phase” is preferably chosen to be longer for the HF alarm part than for the monitoring of the security element, since during the wake-up phase at least one complete code signal consisting of several bits must be received in any case, while for the monitoring of the conductive security element, so to speak a single bit is sufficient.
  • the device z. B. operate in a 1: 9 ratio between active and "sleeping" state, which leads to considerable power savings and thus to a significant extension of the life of the battery.
  • a clock signal for the decoder can be generated via the clock generator if the clock generator (which preferably contains a crystal oscillator) is synchronized with the received HF code signals.
  • the radiated alarm can be either an acoustic signal or an RF signal, e.g. B. alarms the department store detective via a transmitter located at this. It is advantageous here if the emitted RF signal is coded, since this code then z. B. can be selected specifically for the object provided with the security mark. The department store detective then knows e.g. B. that just a secured part from the jewelry or leather goods department or ... was stolen. Of course, it is also possible to combine both types of alarm.
  • coded RF signals of an RF transmitter 10 shown in FIG. 3, which comprises an antenna 13, a transmitter 12 and an encoder 11, are received by the security tag 15 via an antenna 17 and fed to an RF receiver 16 , which converts the signals via passive components (LC parallel resonant circuit with downstream demodulator and final pulse shaper) into signals that are "understood" by digital circuits.
  • the digital signals obtained in this way arrive in the decoder 20, specifically there in a serial-parallel converter 21 which always reads in a complete code word.
  • the stored code word is parallel to both a comparator 22 with coding switch 23 for triggering an alarm, and a further comparator 22 'with another Coding switch 23 'supplied.
  • the comparison signal from the comparator 22 ("1" if there is a match, "0" if there are different code words) is fed to the input of a divider 25 which divides by two in the embodiment shown.
  • This divider 25 now ensures that a signal is only present at the terminal Al of the decoder 20 which triggers an alarm if the alarm code has been detected twice. This provides increased security against false alarms, whereby the division ratio can of course be increased to increase redundancy and thus to increase interference immunity.
  • the further comparator 22 ' is followed by such a divider.
  • the output of the divider 25 leads via the terminal A1 of the decoder 20 to the non-inverting input of an OR gate 24.
  • the other, inverting input of the OR gate 24 is led to a logic "1" via a fuse element 14, a wire.
  • the security mark 15 is attached to the object to be protected.
  • the output of the OR gate 24 is connected, on the input Res the output of the further comparator 22 'via the terminal Res of the decoder 20.
  • the alarm memory 31 has an erase input Res, which with an output terminal of the further comparator 22 'is connected and via which a once triggered alarm can be stopped.
  • the delete code (which is stored in the coding switch 23 ') is emitted by a - not shown - handheld transmitter, the z. B. carries the department store detective with him.
  • the output of the alarm memory 31 leads to the input of a tone generator 32, which at the same time contains a driver which controls a sound transducer 33 (preferably a piezo sound transducer). The arrangement is such that a sound with a defined sound is emitted when an output signal is present at the alarm memory 31.
  • an HF alarm transmitter 30 is provided, in which the output of the alarm memory 31 activates an HF alarm transmitter 34 which activates an emits an RF signal coded in an adjustable manner via an RF alarm encoder 35. This RF signal can then be received and identified in an alarm receiver, not shown.
  • the coding switches 23 and 23 'and the coders 11 and 35 are preferably at least partially adjustable, so that at least every customer or device receives a special code. Furthermore, as indicated at the beginning, can be goods or person-specific Brands 15 are produced without major conversions or design changes being necessary.
  • a reduction in the construction effort can be achieved by using a single coding switch 23 for the first comparator 22 and the second comparator 22 '(for resetting), as shown in FIG. 4, so that the customer-specific setting of the alarm code also simultaneously Deletion code is changed customer-specifically.
  • the arrangement is simplified in that only part of the information in the alarm code as well as in the delete code can be set, which is accomplished in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4 by only bits 4, 7, 11 and 15 being assigned to the (Four-digit) coding switches 23 are guided, while the remaining 16 bits are at defined, not subsequently changeable logic levels.
  • the coding switch 23 can be designed to reduce costs in the form of short-circuit plugs in a manner known per se.
  • a pull-up resistor 27 is provided between the input of an inverter 26 and the positive logic level (here V CC ), the output of the inverter 26 being at the inverting input of the OR gate 24.
  • the input of the inverter 26 is still on the fuse element 14 on one end of the inductor 18 (ferrocup), the other terminal of which is connected to ground. If the fuse element 14 is severed, so the input of the inverter 26 is pulled to a positive level, so that a "0" is present at the output of the inverter 26 and an alarm is given (via the inverting input of the OR gate 24).
  • the securing element is designed as a coaxial cable, the outer sheath 17 of which is led to the antenna input of the RF receiver 16.
  • a short circuit of the received RF power is avoided by the inductance 18.
  • this arrangement ensures that the (technically experienced) long finger cannot simply detach the antenna of the security tag in order to prevent an HF alarm being triggered.
  • a two-wire line can also be used here (preferably with a small distance between the wires), with the advantage that a relatively long antenna can be produced in a mechanically simple manner.
  • FIG. 6 A further, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to FIG. 6, which initially differs from the previously described embodiments in that the alarm memory 31 comprises two cross-coupled manatches 37, 38, so that an alarm which has been triggered once lasts for so long remains until a reset signal is output at terminal RES of decoder 20.
  • a clock generator 40 is provided which contains a quartz oscillator 41 with a divider 42 connected downstream. The reset input of the divider 42 is routed via a synchronization circuit 19 to the output of the RF receiver 16, so that when a coded RF signal is received the clock generator 40 is synchronized with the transmitted code.
  • the clock generator 40 generates a clock pulse which is supplied to the decoder 20 in a manner known per se. Furthermore, two electrical switches (FET) 43 and 44 are controlled via the counter 42, which the output voltage of the battery 45, z. B. once every second, for defined periods of time at outputs A and B of the clock generator 40. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 6, the battery voltage is longer at point A than at point B.
  • the supply connections V CC of the components provided in the clock generator 40 are also permanently connected to the battery 45, as is the power supply input V CC of the alarm memory 31.
  • the power supply input V CC of the tone generator / driver 32 is fed via a FET 36 to the continuous power supply, the gate of which -Connection to the output of the alarm memory 31. If an alarm is triggered, the tone generator / driver 32 is supplied with current, otherwise it is disconnected from the battery 45.
  • the power supply input V CC of the decoder 20 is connected to terminal A of the clock generator 40, as is that of the OR gate 24.
  • the pull-up resistor 27, like the power supply terminal of the inverter 26, is at point B. This ensures that the The power supply for the active components of the arrangement is only switched on in cycles (for example, once per second) for the minimum time required to detect an alarm signal or to cut the fuse element 14.
  • a switch 29 is provided in addition to the fuse element 14 in an otherwise identical arrangement as the fuse element 14, a pull-up resistor 28 being provided here.
  • the switch 29 is arranged in the housing (not shown) such that it is also closed when the housing is closed. If a long finger opens the housing (e.g. to remove the battery), an alarm is given.
  • a counter 39 is provided, the reset input of which is connected to the RES terminal of the decoder 20 (for example according to FIGS. 1 or 4) and the count input (count) of which is at point A of the clock generator 40 .
  • the supply connection V CC is continuously connected to the battery 45.
  • the output of the counter 39 at which a logical "1" appears when the counter overflows, is connected to a further input of the OR gate 24.
  • the clock generator 40 can be designed such that it emits either a periodic clock signal or a clock signal with a randomly controlled clock interval and controls the electronic switches 43 and 44 and thus also the outputs A and B accordingly.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A device for the monitoring of objects and/or persons is described which comprises an RF transmitter (10) and a security tag (15) with a casing for accommodating an electronic circuit. The electronic circuit contains a battery and an alarm circuit (30). An alarm is triggered when an electrically conductive security element (14) for attaching the security tag (15) to the object or to the person is severed or when an external RF field generated by the RF transmitter (10) has a defined state. The RF transmitter (10) is here designed with an encoder (11) for coding the RF signal, while in the electronic circuit of the security tag (15) a decoder (20) is provided which outputs an alarm signal to the alarm circuit (30) to trigger an alarm when a defined information content of the coded RF signal is present.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung von Sachen und/oder Personen nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for monitoring things and / or people according to the preamble of claim 1.

Zur Sicherung von Gegenständen gegen unbefugtes Mitnehmen sind sogenannte Resonatormarken bekannt, die an dem jeweils zu sichernden Gegenstand befestigt werden und einen Schwingkreis beinhalten, der dann, wenn der Gegenstand durch eine sogenannte Schleuse gebracht wird, ein an diesem Ort erzeugtes HF-Feld stört, woraufhin ein Alarm ausgelöst wird. Wenn es einem Ladendieb jedoch gelingt, die Marke von dem zu sichernden Gegenstand abzunehmen, bevor er durch die Schleuse geht, so kann der Diebstahl nicht erkannt werden. Darüber hinaus wird bei derartigen Resonatormarken vorausgesetzt, daß jeder Ausgang aus dem zu überwachenden Bereich (Geschäft) mit einer solchen Schleuse versehen ist, was z.B. bei größeren Kaufhäusern oder gar Werksgeländen aufgrund der hohen Kosten für die Schleusen wirtschaftlich nicht vertretbar ist.To secure objects against unauthorized taking away, so-called resonator marks are known which are attached to the object to be secured in each case and contain an oscillating circuit which, when the object is brought through a so-called lock, disturbs an RF field generated at this location, whereupon an alarm is triggered. However, if a shoplifter manages to remove the tag from the item to be secured before going through the lock, the theft cannot be detected. In addition, it is assumed with such resonator brands that each exit from the area to be monitored (shop) is provided with such a lock, which e.g. in larger department stores or even factory premises due to the high cost of the locks is not economically viable.

Aus der DE-OS 31 19 112 ist eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art bekannt, die also selbst einen (akustischen) Alarm abgibt, wenn entweder die Sicherungsmarke vom zu sichernden Gegenstand entfernt oder die Marke aus einem Bereich gebracht wird, in welchem über einen HF-Sender ein HF-Feld erzeugt wird, welches von einem in der Marke angeordneten HF-Empfänger detektiert und zur Unterdrückung eines Alarms ausgewertet wird. Ein technisch versierter Ladendieb kann aber sehr leicht einen (breitbandig abstrahlenden) Sender mit sich führen und den "gesicherten" Gegenstand mit samt der über seinen Sender stummgehaltenen Sicherungsmarke entwenden. Wenn man weiterhin mit der bekannten Vorrichtung nicht Gegenstände sichern, sondern Personen überwachen will - z. B. Besucher einer größeren Anlage, die nur zu bestimmten Bereichen Zutritt haben sollen -, so ist dies nur bedingt möglich, da eine Individualisierung der Sicherungsmarken (nicht für jeden Besucher gelten dieselben erlaubten/verbotenen Bereiche) bestensfalls über abgestimmte HF-Schaltungen möglich ist, was wiederum zu wirtschaftlich unvertretbar hohen Kosten für die Sicherungsmarken führt.From DE-OS 31 19 112 a device of the type mentioned is known, which therefore emits an (acoustic) alarm itself when either the security tag is removed from the object to be secured or the tag is brought from an area in which An HF field is generated via an HF transmitter, which is detected by an HF receiver arranged in the label and evaluated to suppress an alarm. However, a technically savvy shoplifter can easily carry a (broadband radiating) transmitter with him and steal the "secured" item together with the security tag that was muted by his transmitter. If you continue to secure objects with the known device, but want to monitor people - e.g. B. Visitors to a larger system who should only have access to certain areas - this is only possible to a limited extent, since individualization of the security tags (the same permitted / forbidden areas do not apply to every visitor) is at best possible via coordinated RF circuits, which in turn leads to economically unacceptably high costs for the security tags.

Eine elektronische Überwachungsanlage, die Sicherungsanhänger oder -etiketten mit gesteigerten Funktionsfähigkeiten verwendet, ist aus der GB-A-2 181 326 bekannt. Hierbei werden von einer Sendeeinrichtung zu den Sicherungsanhängern Signale mit verschiedenen Nachrichteninhalten ausgesendet, die in den Sicherungsanhängern decodiert werden. Bleiben die Signale aus oder werden die Sicherungsanhänger entfernt, wird im Sicherungsanhänger eine Alarmvorrichtung durch einen Signalprozessor aktiviert, wenn nicht zuvor eine Alarmauslösung durch ein entsprechend codiertes Sendesignal verhindert wird.An electronic monitoring system using security tags or tags with increased functional capabilities is known from GB-A-2 181 326. In this case, signals with various message contents are transmitted from a transmission device to the fuse tags, and are decoded in the fuse tags. If the signals fail to appear or the fuse tags are removed, an alarm device in the fuse tag is activated by a signal processor, unless an alarm triggering is previously prevented by a correspondingly coded transmission signal.

Ausgehend vom o. g. Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der erzielbaren Sicherheit eine erhöhte Vielfalt von Verwendungsmöglichkeiten erreicht wird.Starting from the above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the present invention to further develop a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the achievable safety is simultaneously increased an increased variety of possible uses is achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird beim eingangs genannten Gegenstand dadurch gelöst, daß eine elektronische Schaltung eines Senders zum Abstrahlen eines codierten HF-Signals einen Teiler umfaßt, über den das Alarmsignal derart geführt ist, daß nur dann ein Alarm ausgelöst wird, wenn eine dem Teilverhältnis des Teilers entsprechende Anzahl von Alarmsignalen empfangen wurde.This object is achieved in the object mentioned at the outset in that an electronic circuit of a transmitter for emitting a coded RF signal comprises a divider, via which the alarm signal is routed such that an alarm is only triggered if one corresponds to the partial ratio of the divider Number of alarm signals was received.

Durch diese Ausbildung der Vorrichtung ist zum einen eine erhöhte Störsicherheit gegenüber dem herkömmlichen System der eingangs genannten Art gewährleistet, das immer dann einen akustischen Alarm abgibt, wenn es außerhalb des Bereiches, in dem ein uncodiertes HF-Feld erzeugt wird, gelangt. Es ist nun auch für technisch recht versierte Langfinger nicht mehr möglich, die Vorrichtung mit Hilfe eines einfachen Senders stumm zu machen, da bei Vorliegen eines uncodierten oder falsch codierten HF-Signals genauso Alarm abgestrahlt wird, wie bei Fehlen eines jeglichen HF-Signals. Wenn man die Vorrichtung so ausbildet, daß ein Alarm dann abgegeben wird, wenn ein bestimmtes Signal vorliegt, so ist auch in diesem Fall die Störsicherheit gegenüber Fremdeinflüssen wesentlich erhöht. Beispielsweise kann es dann nicht passieren, daß alle mit den Vorrichtungen versehenen Gegenstände in einer Spielzeugabteilung eines Warenhauses Alarm abgeben, wenn einem Kunden ein funkferngesteuertes Spielzeugauto vorgeführt wird.This design of the device ensures, on the one hand, increased interference immunity compared to the conventional system of the type mentioned at the outset, which always emits an acoustic alarm when it reaches outside the area in which an uncoded HF field is generated. It is now no longer possible even for technically adept long fingers to mute the device with the aid of a simple transmitter, since an alarm is emitted in the same way when an uncoded or incorrectly coded HF signal is present as in the absence of any HF signal. If the device is designed in such a way that an alarm is emitted when a specific signal is present, the interference immunity to external influences is also significantly increased in this case. For example, it cannot happen that all objects provided with the devices in a toy department of a department store give the alarm when a radio-controlled toy car is presented to a customer.

Wird die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Überwachung von Personen in Form einer "Besuchermarke" oder "Identifizierungsmarke" eingesetzt, so kann man aufgrund der Codierung den Besucher "individualisieren". Ist die Vorrichtung hierbei so ausgebildet, daß sie dann einen Alarm abstrahlt, wenn sie ein Signal mit bestimmtem Code empfängt, so kann man in den Bereichen, die von dem Besucher nicht betreten werden sollen, Sender aufstellen, welche eben diesen Code abstrahlen. Es sind hier z. B. auch ohne weiteres verschiedene "Ebenen" denkbar, die einander überschneidend innerhalb eines Werksgeländes anhand von HF-Sendern definierbar sind, welche verschiedenartige Codes abstrahlen. Je nach Klassifizierung des Besuchers erhält dieser dann eine Vorrichtung mit einem Decodierer, der bei Vorliegen eines bestimmten, ggf. auch verschiedener Codes (in ODER-Verknüpfung) Alarm abgibt. Weiterhin ist durch diese Ausbildung und Verwendung der Vorrichtung als Besuchermarke nicht nur eine Überwachung der Besucher möglich, sondern z. B. auch ein selbsttätiges "Lotsen" des Besuchers z. B. durch ein größeres Werksgelände, das durch Sender mit voneinander verschiedenen Codes in "Planquadrate" eingeteilt ist.If the device according to the invention is used to monitor people in the form of a "visitor's badge" or "identification badge", the coding can "individualize" the visitor. Is the Device designed so that it emits an alarm when it receives a signal with a certain code, so you can set up transmitters in the areas that should not be entered by the visitor, which emit this code. There are z. B. also easily conceivable different "levels" which can be defined overlapping one another within a factory site using RF transmitters which emit different types of codes. Depending on the classification of the visitor, the visitor then receives a device with a decoder which issues an alarm when a certain, possibly also different, code is present (in an OR link). Furthermore, this design and use of the device as a visitor badge not only enables visitors to be monitored, but also, for. B. also an automatic "pilot" of the visitor z. B. by a larger site, which is divided by transmitters with different codes in "grid squares".

Auch als Diebstahlsicherung ist die so ausgebildete Vorrichtung vorteilhaft einsetzbar. Betrachtet man sich z. B. ein Kaufhaus mit 3 Stockwerken, so kann man z. B. jedem Stockwerk einen besonderen Code zuweisen, auf den alle Sicherungsmarken eingestellt werden, mit denen die Gegenstände in diesem Stockwerk versehen sind. Die Codierer der HF-Sender sind dann so eingestellt, daß jedes Stockwerk zwar mit entsprechende HF-Felder aufbauenden Sendern versehen sind, jedoch der einen Alarm auslösende Code in dem betreffenden Stockwerk nicht abgestrahlt wird. Dadurch wird ein Alarm schon dann ausgelöst, wenn ein gesicherter Gegenstand vom einen in das andere Stockwerk verbracht wird. Selbstverständlich gilt gleiches auch in dem Fall, in welchem ein HF-Feld mit entsprechender Codierung vorliegen muß, um eine Sicherungsmarke stumm zu halten.The device designed in this way can also be used advantageously as an anti-theft device. Looking at z. B. a department store with 3 floors, you can e.g. B. assign a special code to each floor, to which all security marks are set with which the objects on this floor are provided. The coders of the HF transmitters are then set so that each floor is provided with transmitters that build up corresponding HF fields, but the code which triggers an alarm is not emitted on the floor in question. This triggers an alarm when a secured item is moved from one floor to the other. Of course, the same also applies in the case in which an RF field with appropriate coding must be present in order to keep a security mark mute.

Zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit ist es von Vorteil, wenn die beiden oben beschriebenen Alternativen über eine UND-Verknüpfung kombiniert werden, so daß ein Alarm immer dann ausgelöst wird, wenn der geschützte Gegenstand entweder aus dem stummhaltenden HF-Feld verbracht oder in ein alarmauslösendes Feld getragen wird.To increase security, it is advantageous if the two alternatives described above are combined via an AND link, so that an alarm is triggered whenever the protected object is either removed from the silent RF field or carried into an alarm-triggering field becomes.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Vorrichtung so ausgebildet, daß ein einmal ausgelöster Alarm so lange weiter abgestrahlt wird, bis die Vorrichtung ein HF-Signal empfängt, das mit einem zweiten Code moduliert ist, der zum Abschalten des Alarms führt. Die dazugehörigen HF-Sender sind vorzugsweise als Handgeräte ausgebildet, die z. B. jeder Kaufhausdetektiv mit sich trägt.The device is advantageously designed in such a way that once an alarm has been triggered, it continues to be emitted until the device receives an RF signal which is modulated with a second code, which leads to the alarm being switched off. The associated RF transmitters are preferably designed as handheld devices, the z. B. every department store detective carries with him.

Die Sicherheit der hier in Rede stehenden Vorrichtungen sind weiterhin durch die Lebensdauer der verwendeten Batterie bestimmt. Nachdem die Gehäuse der Vorrichtungen selbstverständlich ein gewisses Höchstmaß nicht überschreiten dürfen und auch die Kosten für große Batterien höher als für kleine Batterien sind, ist nur eine begrenzte Betriebszeit der Vorrichtungen möglich. Nach Ermüden der Batterie wird dann kein Alarm mehr ausgelöst. Ist nun die Betriebsdauer der Geräte mit einem Batteriesatz sehr gering, so ist die statistische Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine verbrauchte Batterie höher als bei Geräten mit längerer Betriebszeit. Zur Lösung dieses Problems wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, in der Vorrichtung einen Taktgeber vorzusehen, der in definierten Intervallen, z. B. einmal pro Sekunde, Einschaltsignale abgibt, welche die übrigen aktiven Teile der Vorrichtung "erwachen" läßt, indem ihre Stromzufuhr eingeschaltet wird, während zwischen diesen Signalen diese aktiven Teile "schlafen". Die Dauer der "Wachphase" wird vorzugsweise für den HF-Alarmteil länger gewählt als für die Überwachung des Sicherungselements, da während der Wachphase in jedem Fall mindestens ein vollständiges Codesignal, bestehend aus mehreren Bit empfangen werden muß, während für die Überwachung des leitenden Sicherungselements sozusagen ein einziges Bit genügt. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Vorrichtung z. B. in einem 1:9-Verhältnis zwischen aktivem und "schlafendem" Zustand betreiben, was zu einer erheblichen Stromersparnis und damit zu einer erheblichen Verlängerung der Lebensdauer der Batterie führt. Weiterhin kann über den Taktgeber ein Clock-Signal für den Decodierer erzeugt werden, wenn man den Taktgeber (der vorzugsweise einen Quarzoszillator enthält) mit den empfangenen HF-Codesignalen synchronisiert.The safety of the devices in question are further determined by the life of the battery used. Since the housing of the devices must of course not exceed a certain maximum and the costs for large batteries are higher than for small batteries, only a limited operating time of the devices is possible. After the battery has tired, an alarm is no longer triggered. If the operating time of the devices with a battery set is very short, the statistical probability of a used battery is higher than for devices with a longer operating time. To solve this problem, the invention proposes to provide a clock in the device, which at defined intervals, for. B. once per second, emits switch-on signals which "awaken" the remaining active parts of the device by their power supply is turned on while these active parts "sleep" between these signals. The duration of the "wake-up phase" is preferably chosen to be longer for the HF alarm part than for the monitoring of the security element, since during the wake-up phase at least one complete code signal consisting of several bits must be received in any case, while for the monitoring of the conductive security element, so to speak a single bit is sufficient. In this way, the device z. B. operate in a 1: 9 ratio between active and "sleeping" state, which leads to considerable power savings and thus to a significant extension of the life of the battery. Furthermore, a clock signal for the decoder can be generated via the clock generator if the clock generator (which preferably contains a crystal oscillator) is synchronized with the received HF code signals.

Der abgestrahlte Alarm kann entweder ein akustisches Signal oder ein HF-Signal sein, das z. B. den Kaufhausdetektiv über einen bei diesem befindlichen Sender alarmiert. Hierbei ist es von Vorteil, wenn das abgestrahlte HF-Signal codiert ist, da dieser Code dann z. B. für den mit der Sicherungsmarke versehenen Gegenstand spezifisch gewählt sein kann. Der Kaufhausdetektiv weiß dann z. B., daß gerade ein gesichertes Teil aus der Abteilung Schmuckwaren oder Lederwaren oder ... entwendet wurde. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, beide Alarmarten miteinander zu verbinden.The radiated alarm can be either an acoustic signal or an RF signal, e.g. B. alarms the department store detective via a transmitter located at this. It is advantageous here if the emitted RF signal is coded, since this code then z. B. can be selected specifically for the object provided with the security mark. The department store detective then knows e.g. B. that just a secured part from the jewelry or leather goods department or ... was stolen. Of course, it is also possible to combine both types of alarm.

Weitere erfindungswesentliche Merkmale ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung, die anhand von Abbildungen näher erläutert werden. Hierbei zeigen in schematisierten Blockschaltbildern die

Figur 1
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der in der Sicherungsmarke befindlichen Schaltung,
Figur 2
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Alarmgebers aus Figur 1,
Figur 3
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Senders,
Figur 4
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Codierers,
Figur 5
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung in bezug auf die HF-Empfangsantenne,
Figur 6
eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit Taktgeber und
Figur 7
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Decodierers und weiterer Sicherungselemente.
Further features essential to the invention result from the subclaims and the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are explained in more detail with the aid of figures. The schematic block diagrams show the
Figure 1
a preferred embodiment of the circuit located in the security mark,
Figure 2
1 shows a preferred embodiment of the alarm transmitter from FIG. 1,
Figure 3
a preferred embodiment of the transmitter,
Figure 4
a preferred embodiment of the encoder,
Figure 5
a preferred embodiment of the invention with respect to the RF receiving antenna,
Figure 6
a further preferred embodiment of the invention with clock and
Figure 7
a preferred embodiment of the decoder and other security elements.

Wie Figur 1 zeigt, werden codierte HF-Signale eines in Figur 3 gezeigten HF-Senders 10, der eine Antenne 13, einen Sender 12 und einen Codierer 11 umfaßt, von der Sicherungsmarke 15 über eine Antenne 17 empfangen und einem HF-Empfänger 16 zugeführt, der die Signale über passive Bauelemente (LC-Parallelschwingkreis mit nachgeschaltetem Demodulator und abschließendem Pulsformer) in Signale verwandelt, die von digitalen Schaltungen "verstanden" werden. Die so erhaltenen Digitalsignale gelangen in den Decodierer 20 und zwar dort zunächst in einen Seriell-Parallel-Wandler 21, der immer ein vollständiges Codewort einliest. Nach dem Einlesen wird das gespeicherte Codewort parallel sowohl einem Komparator 22 mit Codierschalter 23 zur Auslösung eines Alarms, als auch einem weiteren Komparator 22′ mit einem weiteren Codierschalter 23′ zugeführt. Das Vergleichssignal aus dem Komparator 22 ("1" bei Übereinstimmung, "0" bei unterschiedlichen Codewörtern) ist auf den Eingang eines Teilers 25 geführt, der bei der gezeigten Ausführungsform durch zwei teilt. Durch diesen Teiler 25 wird nun gewährleistet, daß an der einen Alarm auslösenden Klemme Al des Decodierers 20 nur dann ein Signal ansteht, wenn zweimal der Alarmcode erkannt wurde. Dadurch ist eine erhöhte Sicherheit gegen Fehlalarm gegeben, wobei das Teilungsverhältnis selbstverständlich zur Erhöhung der Redundanz und damit zur Steigerung der Störsicherheit erhöht werden kann. Weiterhin ist bei einer hier nicht gezeigten bevorzugten Ausführungsform auch dem weiteren Komparator 22′ ein solcher Teiler nachgeschaltet.As shown in FIG. 1, coded RF signals of an RF transmitter 10 shown in FIG. 3, which comprises an antenna 13, a transmitter 12 and an encoder 11, are received by the security tag 15 via an antenna 17 and fed to an RF receiver 16 , which converts the signals via passive components (LC parallel resonant circuit with downstream demodulator and final pulse shaper) into signals that are "understood" by digital circuits. The digital signals obtained in this way arrive in the decoder 20, specifically there in a serial-parallel converter 21 which always reads in a complete code word. After reading, the stored code word is parallel to both a comparator 22 with coding switch 23 for triggering an alarm, and a further comparator 22 'with another Coding switch 23 'supplied. The comparison signal from the comparator 22 ("1" if there is a match, "0" if there are different code words) is fed to the input of a divider 25 which divides by two in the embodiment shown. This divider 25 now ensures that a signal is only present at the terminal Al of the decoder 20 which triggers an alarm if the alarm code has been detected twice. This provides increased security against false alarms, whereby the division ratio can of course be increased to increase redundancy and thus to increase interference immunity. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment not shown here, the further comparator 22 'is followed by such a divider.

Der Ausgang des Teilers 25 führt über die Klemme Al des Decodierers 20 auf den nichtinvertierenden Eingang eines OR-Gatters 24. Der andere, invertierende Eingang des OR-Gatters 24 ist über ein Sicherungselement 14, einen Draht, auf eine logische "1" geführt. Mit Hilfe des Sicherungselementes 14 ist die Sicherungsmarke 15 am zu schützenden Gegenstand befestigt.The output of the divider 25 leads via the terminal A1 of the decoder 20 to the non-inverting input of an OR gate 24. The other, inverting input of the OR gate 24 is led to a logic "1" via a fuse element 14, a wire. With the help of the security element 14, the security mark 15 is attached to the object to be protected.

Auf den Eingang Set eines nachgeschalteten Alarmspeichers 31 ist der Ausgang des OR-Gatters 24 geschaltet, auf den Eingang Res der Ausgang des weiteren Komparators 22′ über die Klemme Res des Decodierers 20. Der Alarmspeicher 31 weist einen Lösch-Eingang Res auf, der mit einer Ausgangsklemme des weiteren Komparators 22′ verbunden ist und über den ein einmal ausgelöster Alarm gestoppt werden kann. Der Lösch-Code (der im Codierschalter 23′ gespeichert ist) wird von einem - nicht gezeigten - Handsender ausgesendet, den z. B. der Kaufhausdetektiv mit sich trägt. Der Ausgang des Alarmspeichers 31 ist auf den Eingang eines Tongenerators 32 geführt, der gleichzeitig einen Treiber beinhaltet, der einen Schallwandler 33 (vorzugsweise ein Piezo-Schallwandler) ansteuert. Die Anordnung ist hierbei derart getroffen, daß bei Vorliegen eines Ausgangssignals am Alarmspeicher 31 ein Ton mit definiertem Klang abgegeben wird.On the input set of a downstream alarm memory 31, the output of the OR gate 24 is connected, on the input Res the output of the further comparator 22 'via the terminal Res of the decoder 20. The alarm memory 31 has an erase input Res, which with an output terminal of the further comparator 22 'is connected and via which a once triggered alarm can be stopped. The delete code (which is stored in the coding switch 23 ') is emitted by a - not shown - handheld transmitter, the z. B. carries the department store detective with him. The output of the alarm memory 31 leads to the input of a tone generator 32, which at the same time contains a driver which controls a sound transducer 33 (preferably a piezo sound transducer). The arrangement is such that a sound with a defined sound is emitted when an output signal is present at the alarm memory 31.

Die Funktionsweise dieser Anordnung ist nun so, daß dann, wenn entweder zwei HF-Signale empfangen werden, die mit einem Code moduliert sind, der mit dem im Codierschalter 23 eingestellten Code übereinstimmt, der Ausgang des OR-Gatters 24 auf hohen Pegel gelangt und so über den Eingang Set des Alarmspeichers 31 der Tongenerator 32 angesteuert wird und akustischer Alarm gegeben wird, oder daß dann, wenn das Sicherungselement 14 durchtrennt wird und die logische "1" nicht mehr auf dem (invertierenden) Eingang des OR-Gatters 24 liegt, das Alarmsignal ertönt.The operation of this arrangement is such that when either two RF signals are received that are modulated with a code that matches the code set in the coding switch 23, the output of the OR gate 24 goes high and so via the input set of the alarm memory 31, the tone generator 32 is controlled and an acoustic alarm is given, or that when the fuse element 14 is cut and the logical "1" is no longer on the (inverting) input of the OR gate 24, that Alarm signal sounds.

Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, anstelle (oder parallel zu) dem akustischen Alarmgeber aus Figur 1 ein HF-Alarmgeber 30 vorgesehen, bei welchem der Ausgang des Alarmspeichers 31 einen HF-Alarmsender 34 aktiviert, der ein über einen HF-Alarmcodierer 35 einstellbar codiertes HF-Signal abgibt. Dieses HF-Signal kann dann in einem nicht gezeigten Alarmempfänger empfangen und identifiziert werden.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 2, instead of (or parallel to) the acoustic alarm transmitter from FIG. 1, an HF alarm transmitter 30 is provided, in which the output of the alarm memory 31 activates an HF alarm transmitter 34 which activates an emits an RF signal coded in an adjustable manner via an RF alarm encoder 35. This RF signal can then be received and identified in an alarm receiver, not shown.

Vorzugsweise sind der Codierschalter 23 und 23' und die Codierer 11 und 35 zumindest teilweise einstellbar ausgeführt, so daß mindestens jeder Kunde bzw. jedes Gerät einen besonderen Code erhält. Weiterhin können dadurch, wie eingangs angedeutet, waren- bzw. personenspezifische Marken 15 hergestellt werden, ohne daß hierfür größere Umbauten bzw. konstruktionstechnische Veränderungen notwendig sind.The coding switches 23 and 23 'and the coders 11 and 35 are preferably at least partially adjustable, so that at least every customer or device receives a special code. Furthermore, as indicated at the beginning, can be goods or person-specific Brands 15 are produced without major conversions or design changes being necessary.

Eine Verringerung des Bauaufwandes läßt sich dadurch erzielen, daß man - wie in Figur 4 gezeigt - einen einzigen Codierschalter 23 für den ersten Komparator 22 und den zweiten Komparator 22′ (zum Zurücksetzen) verwendet, so daß bei der kundenspezifischen Einstellung des Alarmcodes auch gleichzeitig der Löschcode kundenspezifisch verändert wird. Darüber hinaus wird die Anordnung dadurch vereinfacht, daß lediglich ein Teil der Information im Alarmcode ebenso wie im Löschcode einstellbar ist, was bei der in Figur 4 gezeigten Ausführungsform der Erfindung dadurch bewerkstelligt ist, daß lediglich die Bits 4, 7, 11 und 15 auf den (vierstelligen) Codierschalter 23 geführt sind, während die restlichen der insgesamt 16 Bit auf definierten, nicht nachträglich veränderbaren logischen Pegeln liegen. Der Codierschalter 23 kann zur Kostensenkung in Form von Kurzschlußsteckern in an sich bekannter Weise ausgebildet sein.A reduction in the construction effort can be achieved by using a single coding switch 23 for the first comparator 22 and the second comparator 22 '(for resetting), as shown in FIG. 4, so that the customer-specific setting of the alarm code also simultaneously Deletion code is changed customer-specifically. In addition, the arrangement is simplified in that only part of the information in the alarm code as well as in the delete code can be set, which is accomplished in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4 by only bits 4, 7, 11 and 15 being assigned to the (Four-digit) coding switches 23 are guided, while the remaining 16 bits are at defined, not subsequently changeable logic levels. The coding switch 23 can be designed to reduce costs in the form of short-circuit plugs in a manner known per se.

Im folgenden wird anhand von Figur 5 eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Sicherungselementes beschrieben, mit dem die Marke an einem Gegenstand (einer Person) befestigt wird. Bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zwischen dem Eingang eines Inverters 26 und dem positiven logischen Pegel (hier VCC) ein Pull-up-Widerstand 27 vorgesehen, wobei der Ausgang des Inverters 26 auf dem invertierenden Eingang des OR-Gatters 24 liegt. Der Eingang des Inverters 26 liegt weiterhin über das Sicherungselement 14 auf einem Ende der Induktivität 18 (ferrocup), deren anderer Anschluß auf Masse liegt. Wird das Sicherungselement 14 durchtrennt, so wird der Eingang des Inverters 26 auf positiven Pegel gezogen, so daß am Ausgang des Inverters 26 eine "0" ansteht und (über den invertierenden Eingang des OR-Gatters 24) Alarm gegeben wird.A preferred embodiment of the security element with which the tag is attached to an object (a person) is described below with reference to FIG. In this embodiment of the invention, a pull-up resistor 27 is provided between the input of an inverter 26 and the positive logic level (here V CC ), the output of the inverter 26 being at the inverting input of the OR gate 24. The input of the inverter 26 is still on the fuse element 14 on one end of the inductor 18 (ferrocup), the other terminal of which is connected to ground. If the fuse element 14 is severed, so the input of the inverter 26 is pulled to a positive level, so that a "0" is present at the output of the inverter 26 and an alarm is given (via the inverting input of the OR gate 24).

Weiterhin ist bei der in Figur 5 gezeigten Ausführungsform der Erfindung das Sicherungselement als Koaxialkabel ausgeführt, dessen Außenmantel 17 zum Antenneneingang des HF-Empfängers 16 geführt ist. Durch die Induktivität 18 wird ein Kurzschluß der empfangenen HF-Leistung vermieden. Weiterhin ist durch diese Anordnung gewährleistet, daß der (technisch versierte) Langfinger die Antenne der Sicherungsmarke nicht einfach abtrennen kann, um so eine HF-Alarmauslösung zu verhindern. Selbstverständlich kann hier auch eine zweiadrige Leitung (vorzugsweise mit geringem Abstand der Adern) verwendet werden, wobei ebenfalls der Vorteil erzielbar ist, daß eine relativ lange Antenne auf mechanisch einfache Weise herstellbar ist.Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 5, the securing element is designed as a coaxial cable, the outer sheath 17 of which is led to the antenna input of the RF receiver 16. A short circuit of the received RF power is avoided by the inductance 18. Furthermore, this arrangement ensures that the (technically experienced) long finger cannot simply detach the antenna of the security tag in order to prevent an HF alarm being triggered. Of course, a two-wire line can also be used here (preferably with a small distance between the wires), with the advantage that a relatively long antenna can be produced in a mechanically simple manner.

Im folgenden wird anhand der Figur 6 eine weitere, besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung beschrieben, die sich zunächst dadurch von den zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungen unterscheidet, daß der Alarmspeicher 31 zwei über Kreuz gekoppelte Manplatches 37, 38 umfaßt, so daß ein einmal ausgelöster Alarm so lange bestehen bleibt, bis ein Rücksetzsignal an der Klemme RES des Decodierers 20 abgegeben wird. Weiterhin ist bei der in Figur 6 gezeigten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ein Taktgeber 40 vorgesehen, der einen Quarzoszillator 41 mit nachgeschaltetem Teiler 42 enthält. Der Rücksetzeingang des Teilers 42 ist über eine Synchronisierschaltung 19 auf den Ausgang des HF-Empfängers 16 geführt, so daß bei Empfangen eines codierten HF-Signals eine Synchronisierung des Taktgebers 40 mit dem gesendeten Code erfolgt.A further, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to FIG. 6, which initially differs from the previously described embodiments in that the alarm memory 31 comprises two cross-coupled manatches 37, 38, so that an alarm which has been triggered once lasts for so long remains until a reset signal is output at terminal RES of decoder 20. Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 6, a clock generator 40 is provided which contains a quartz oscillator 41 with a divider 42 connected downstream. The reset input of the divider 42 is routed via a synchronization circuit 19 to the output of the RF receiver 16, so that when a coded RF signal is received the clock generator 40 is synchronized with the transmitted code.

Der Taktgeber 40 erzeugt einen Clock-Puls, der dem Decodierer 20 in an sich bekannter Weise zugeführt wird. Weiterhin werden über den Zähler 42 zwei elektrische Schalter (FET) 43 und 44 angesteuert, welche die Ausgangsspannung der Batterie 45, z. B. einmal in jeder Sekunde, für definierte Zeitspannen an Ausgänge A und B des Taktgebers 40 legen. Bei der in Figur 6 gezeigten Ausführungsform der Erfindung liegt die Batteriespannung länger am Punkt A als am Punkt B.The clock generator 40 generates a clock pulse which is supplied to the decoder 20 in a manner known per se. Furthermore, two electrical switches (FET) 43 and 44 are controlled via the counter 42, which the output voltage of the battery 45, z. B. once every second, for defined periods of time at outputs A and B of the clock generator 40. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 6, the battery voltage is longer at point A than at point B.

Die Versorgungsanschlüsse VCC der im Taktgeber 40 vorgesehenen Bauelemente sind ebenso ständig mit der Batterie 45 verbunden, wie der Stromversorgungseingang VCC des Alarmspeichers 31. Der Stromversorgungseingang VCC des Tongenerators/Treibers 32 ist über einen FET 36 an die kontinuierliche Stromversorgung geführt, dessen Gate-Anschluß auf dem Ausgang des Alarmspeichers 31 liegt. Wird also ein Alarm ausgelöst, so wird der Ton-generator/Treiber 32 mit Strom versorgt, ansonsten ist er von der Batterie 45 abgetrennt.The supply connections V CC of the components provided in the clock generator 40 are also permanently connected to the battery 45, as is the power supply input V CC of the alarm memory 31. The power supply input V CC of the tone generator / driver 32 is fed via a FET 36 to the continuous power supply, the gate of which -Connection to the output of the alarm memory 31. If an alarm is triggered, the tone generator / driver 32 is supplied with current, otherwise it is disconnected from the battery 45.

Der Stromversorgungseingang VCC des Decodierers 20 ist mit Anschluß A des Taktgenerators 40 verbunden, ebenso derjenige des OR-Gatters 24. Der Pull-up-Widerstand 27 liegt ebenso wie der Stromversorgungsanschluß des Inverters 26 auf dem Punkt B. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die Stromversorgung für die aktiven Bauelemente der Anordnung immer nur taktweise (z. B. einmal pro Sekunde) für die zur Erkennung eines Alarmsignals oder eines Durchtrennens des Sicherungselementes 14 minimal notwendige Zeitdauer eingeschaltet werden.The power supply input V CC of the decoder 20 is connected to terminal A of the clock generator 40, as is that of the OR gate 24. The pull-up resistor 27, like the power supply terminal of the inverter 26, is at point B. This ensures that the The power supply for the active components of the arrangement is only switched on in cycles (for example, once per second) for the minimum time required to detect an alarm signal or to cut the fuse element 14.

Bei der in Figur 7 gezeigten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist neben dem Sicherungselement 14 noch ein Schalter 29 in ansonsten gleicher Anordnung wie das Sicherungselement 14 vorgesehen, wobei hier ein Pull-up-Widerstand 28 vorgesehen ist. Der Schalter 29 ist so im (nicht gezeigten) Gehäuse angeordnet, daß er bei geschlossenem Gehäuse ebenfalls geschlossen ist. Öffnet ein Langfinger das Gehäuse (z. B. um die Batterie zu entfernen), so wird Alarm gegeben.In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 7, a switch 29 is provided in addition to the fuse element 14 in an otherwise identical arrangement as the fuse element 14, a pull-up resistor 28 being provided here. The switch 29 is arranged in the housing (not shown) such that it is also closed when the housing is closed. If a long finger opens the housing (e.g. to remove the battery), an alarm is given.

Weiterhin ist bei dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ein Zähler 39 vorgesehen, dessen Rücksetzeingang mit der Klemme RES des Decodierers 20 (z. B. nach den Figuren 1 oder 4) verbunden ist und dessen Zähleingang (Count) auf dem Punkt A des Taktgebers 40 liegt. Der Versorgungsanschluß VCC ist kontinuierlich mit der Batterie 45 verbunden. Der Ausgang des Zählers 39, an dem eine logische "1" dann erscheint, wenn der Zähler überläuft, ist an einen weiteren Eingang des OR-Gatters 24 gelegt.Furthermore, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, a counter 39 is provided, the reset input of which is connected to the RES terminal of the decoder 20 (for example according to FIGS. 1 or 4) and the count input (count) of which is at point A of the clock generator 40 . The supply connection V CC is continuously connected to the battery 45. The output of the counter 39, at which a logical "1" appears when the counter overflows, is connected to a further input of the OR gate 24.

Die Funktionsweise dieser Anordnung ist nun derart, daß der Zähler jedesmal beim "Aufwachen" der Anordnung, wenn also alle aktiven Bauelemente mit Strom versorgt werden, um eins weiterzählt. Jedesmal, wenn beim Aufwachen der Schaltung ein Löschcode gesendet wird, so wird der Zähler 39 zurückgesetzt, kann also bei hinreichend häufig vorliegendem Löschcode niemals überlaufen und einen Alarm auslösen. Sobald aber der Löschcode entsprechend der Zählerkonstruktion über eine bestimmte Anzahl von Aufwachphasen nicht empfangen wurde, wird Alarm ausgelöst. Ist der Zähler 39 so ausgebildet, daß er nur bis zwei zählen kann, so entspricht dies einer Redundanzerhöhung, wie sie durch einen Teiler 25 nach Figur 1 erzielt wird. Bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird also in vier Fällen Alarm ausgelöst, und zwar einmal dann, wenn kein Löschcode empfangen wird, zum zweiten dann, wenn ein Alarmcode empfangen wird, zum dritten dann, wenn das Sicherungselement 14 durchtrennt wird und zum vierten dann, wenn das Gehäuse und damit der Schalter 29 geöffnet wird.The functioning of this arrangement is now such that the counter counts by one each time the arrangement “wakes up”, that is to say when all active components are supplied with current. Whenever a deletion code is sent when the circuit wakes up, the counter 39 is reset, that is, if the deletion code is sufficiently frequent, it can never overflow and trigger an alarm. As soon as the delete code has not been received according to the meter design over a certain number of wake-up phases, an alarm is triggered. If the counter 39 is designed so that it can only count to two, this corresponds to an increase in redundancy, as is achieved by a divider 25 according to FIG. In this embodiment the The invention therefore triggers an alarm in four cases, firstly when no deletion code is received, secondly when an alarm code is received, thirdly when the security element 14 is cut and fourthly when the housing and thus the switch 29 is opened.

In der obigen Beschreibung werden verschiedene Baugruppen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in verschiedenen Zusammenstellungen erläutert. Die jeweiligen Kombinationen der Einzelbaugruppen fallen jedoch ebenfalls unter den Erfindungsgedanken bzw. werden für sich alleine gesehen als erfindungswesentlich beansprucht. Insbesondere gilt dies für die verschiedenen Codiermaßnahmen und die Anordnung des Taktgebers 40 zur Stromeinsparung.In the above description, different assemblies of the device according to the invention are explained in different combinations. The respective combinations of the individual assemblies, however, also fall under the inventive concept or are claimed on their own to be essential to the invention. This applies in particular to the various coding measures and the arrangement of the clock generator 40 in order to save electricity.

Insbesondere kann der Taktgeber 40 so ausgebildet sein, daß er entweder ein periodisches Taktsignal oder ein Taktsignal mit zufallsgesteuertem Taktintervall abgibt und die elektronischen Schalter 43 und 44 und damit auch die Ausgänge A und B entsprechend ansteuert.In particular, the clock generator 40 can be designed such that it emits either a periodic clock signal or a clock signal with a randomly controlled clock interval and controls the electronic switches 43 and 44 and thus also the outputs A and B accordingly.

Claims (21)

  1. Device for monitoring objects and/or persons, with a HF transmitter (10), which is formed to emit a coded HF signal, and a security tag (15) with a housing for accommodating an electronic circuit which comprises a battery (45), an alarm generator (30) and a decoder (20), which delivers an alarm signal to the alarm generator (30) to trigger an alarm when the coded HF signal contains defined information, and also comprises an electrically conductive security element (14) for securing the security tag (15) to the object/person, the separation of which element triggers an alarm, and a HF receiver (16) for alternatively triggering an alarm according to the external HF field which is produced by the (stationary) HF transmitter (10), characterised in that the electronic circuit comprises a divider (25) via which the alarm signal is routed such that an alarm is only triggered if a number of alarm signals which corresponds to the division ratio of the divider (25) has been received.
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the decoder (20) comprises a suppression circuit (39) which (alternatively) delivers an alarm signal to the alarm generator (30) if no second code (reset code) is received.
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the decoder(s) (20) comprise(s) means (23, 23') for setting a code.
  4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the means for setting the two codes comprise a single coding switch (23), via which both codes can be simultaneously set.
  5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electronic circuit comprises a switch (29) which is mechanically connected to the housing such that its switched state changes when the housing is opened and an alarm signal is fed to the alarm generator (30).
  6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electronic circuit comprises a pull-up resistor (29) between the first end of the security element (14) and a circuit point (B; VCC) with a defined first logic level ("1"), the second end of the security element (14) being at a logic level ("0") which is opposite to the first logic level.
  7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electronic circuit comprises an OR gate (24), to the inputs of which all the alarm signals are routed and the output of which is connected to an alarm input (Set) of the alarm generator (30).
  8. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the alarm generator (30) comprises an alarm store (31) which is formed such that an alarm is delivered upon the occurrence of a (possibly momentary) alarm signal, at least for a defined period.
  9. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that the alarm store (31) can be reset by a reset signal.
  10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the electronic circuit comprises a timing generator (40) which delivers starting signals at defined intervals (e.g. 1 s) to controllable switches (43, 44) between the battery (45) and power supply connections (VCC) of current-consuming components (27, 28) or modules (19, 20, 24, 26) for sensing alarm states.
  11. Device according to claim 10, characterised in that the timing generator (40) activates the decoder (20) and/or the OR gate (24) such that the decoder (20) and/or the OR gate (24) is/are only supplied with current for short periods which are sufficient to accommodate the defined information content.
  12. Device according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the current-consuming components (27, 28) or modules (26) provided in the electronic circuit to monitor the security element (14) and (if applicable) the switch (29) are supplied with current for short time intervals which are defined by at least the switching times of the electronic circuit.
  13. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the timing generator (40) has a clock output (C1) leading to clock inputs of the electronic circuit and is connected by way of a control input to the output of the HF receiver via a synchronising circuit (19) in order to synchronise clock pulses.
  14. Device according to claims 2 and 10, characterised in that the suppression circuit comprises a counter (39) which is continuously supplied with current, the counting input (Count) of which is connected to the timing generator (40) for counting the defined intervals, the resetting input (Res) of which is connected to the decoder (20) for resetting when the second code is received and the output of which is connected to the alarm generator (30) for delivering an alarm signal when the counter (39) overflows.
  15. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the alarm generator (30) comprises a HF alarm transmitter (34) for delivering an alarm signal which can be detected by a HF receiver.
  16. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the alarm generator (30) comprises coding devices (35) for coding the alarm signal.
  17. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an antenna input of the electronic circuit is connected to an antenna (17), which leads out of the housing together with the security element (14).
  18. Device according to claim 17, characterised in that the security element (14) forms one wire or the inner conductor of a double-wire line or of a coaxial cable, the other wire or sheath of which forms the antenna (17).
  19. Device according to claim 17 or 18, characterised in that the security element (14) is connected to earth at one end via an inductor (18).
  20. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the timing generator (40) delivers a timing signal with a randomly-controlled timing interval.
  21. Device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the timing generator (40) delivers a periodic timing signal.
EP88116455A 1987-10-07 1988-10-05 Surveillance device for articles and or persons Expired - Lifetime EP0311036B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3733808 1987-10-07
DE19873733808 DE3733808A1 (en) 1987-10-07 1987-10-07 DEVICE FOR MONITORING PROPERTIES AND / OR PERSONS

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0311036A2 EP0311036A2 (en) 1989-04-12
EP0311036A3 EP0311036A3 (en) 1991-01-16
EP0311036B1 true EP0311036B1 (en) 1995-03-22

Family

ID=6337746

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88116455A Expired - Lifetime EP0311036B1 (en) 1987-10-07 1988-10-05 Surveillance device for articles and or persons

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4851815A (en)
EP (1) EP0311036B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01133196A (en)
AT (1) ATE120296T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3733808A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3733808A1 (en) 1989-05-11
EP0311036A2 (en) 1989-04-12
DE3853395D1 (en) 1995-04-27
EP0311036A3 (en) 1991-01-16
DE3733808C2 (en) 1992-03-12
US4851815A (en) 1989-07-25
ATE120296T1 (en) 1995-04-15
JPH01133196A (en) 1989-05-25

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