EP0310627B1 - Procede pour l'actionnement des aiguillages de voies ferrees et aiguillage pour la mise en oeuvre du procede - Google Patents

Procede pour l'actionnement des aiguillages de voies ferrees et aiguillage pour la mise en oeuvre du procede Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0310627B1
EP0310627B1 EP87904356A EP87904356A EP0310627B1 EP 0310627 B1 EP0310627 B1 EP 0310627B1 EP 87904356 A EP87904356 A EP 87904356A EP 87904356 A EP87904356 A EP 87904356A EP 0310627 B1 EP0310627 B1 EP 0310627B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
points
point
tread
switch
stock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP87904356A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0310627A1 (fr
Inventor
Tage LÖNNBERG
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT87904356T priority Critical patent/ATE66264T1/de
Publication of EP0310627A1 publication Critical patent/EP0310627A1/fr
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Publication of EP0310627B1 publication Critical patent/EP0310627B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/02—Tongues; Associated constructions
    • E01B7/08—Other constructions of tongues, e.g. tilting about an axis parallel to the rail, movable tongue blocks or rails

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a railway switch of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to railway switch, and more specifically to a switch of the kind described in the preamble of claim 5.
  • switches are known to the art in which the tongues or points of the switch move vertically when the switch is switched from one crossing to another.
  • An example of one such construction is described and illustrated in CH-A-642,698 (Taillard).
  • This construction is in its entirety much too exposed to the elements for use in winter, and requires such penetrative exploration into the sleepers as to jeopardize the load-bearing capacity of the switch.
  • Another serious drawback with this known switch construction is that the wheel flanges are intended to be guided in tracks embodied in the rails, which is most unsuitable in the case of high-speed switches.
  • AU-B-62861/80 (Daimler-Benz) describes a similar switch which incorporates a track-like groove and therewith has the same drawbacks.
  • US-A-1,790,548 (Lofstrand) describes a method of the kind disclosed in the preamble of claim 1 and a railway switch construction of the kind disclosed in the preamble of claim 5 in which the points, upon pivotal movement, are either brought into plane-vertical abutment with the stock rails, which experience has shown to be impracticable, especially in the case of high-speed switches in view of the ensuing risk of derailment, or into inclined abutment and more robust point tips.
  • This has the drawback that when the points, or tongues, occupy their lowered position they are out of abutment with the stock rails, thereby enabling dirt, ice and snow to enter between the points and stock rails to prevent satisfactory switching of the points.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a method for switching railway points, and a railway switch, which substantially eliminates problems resulting from the ingress of sand, dirt, snow and ice, and also the risk that movable parts of the switch will freeze together during winter months.
  • Another object is to provide a method and a switch of the aforesaid kind which eliminate substantially the need to remove snow from the point or tongue arrangements.
  • Still a further object is to provide a switch which a) can be manufactured at low costs, b) requires the minimum modification to present day railway switch constructions, and c) the novel and modified parts of which are constructed for simple manufacture, afford long and reliable service in use, and can be assembled for quick and simple care and maintenance.
  • a method according to the present invention which is mainly characterized by steering the swinging or pivotal movement with the aid of mutually engaging and mutually co-acting guide surfaces having a concave and a convex arcuate shape, respectively, and located between the stock rails and the points.
  • the points and stock rails of the inventive switch are arranged to engage one another in such close relationship as to prevent the compaction of snow and ice therebetween when switching from one crossing to another, in the absence of electric heating devices. This enables the various drawbacks encountered hitherto with known switching methods to be avoided.
  • the arms may pivot about axes which are located centrally on respective sleepers between the points, or tongues, and which are preferably mutually coincidental.
  • the mutually engaging guide surfaces which fit against one another, are of an arcuate configuration with the centre of the arc lying between the points, from the tips thereof to the location on the point construction at which the distance between the point and the stock rail permits a wheel flange to pass freely. As a point is swung, the extent to which the point moves will decrease progressively from this location down to the root of the point from about 50 mm to 0.
  • the points will execute a uniform rotational movement about their respective longitudinal axes when moved from their active to their inactive positions. This movement will thus decrease progressively down to zero, from the aforesaid location to the root or base of the point.
  • the tips of respective points are made as wide as possible, in order to ensure that they have sufficient mechanical strength and resistance to wear.
  • the pivot journals of respective arms are placed at low locations on the sleepers concerned.
  • the pivotal movement of respective points between an inactive and an active position is steered by a spacer block arranged between the stock rail and the point, the width of which block increases from the tip of the point to its root.
  • a spacer block arranged between the stock rail and the point, the width of which block increases from the tip of the point to its root.
  • the level of the tread on the point in the lowered position of the point is preferably constant from the tip up to the spot for free passage of wheel flanges, but is then successively raised up to the root of the point, the point being held laterally by the widest end of the spacer block out of the path of a wheel flange on the stock rail before the tread surface of the point falls to the level of the lowest part of the flanged wheel.
  • Suppport devices supported by the sleepers and preferably carried on rollers or ball-runners, are moved in under the points when said points are swung up to their respective active positions.
  • the same actuator means connected to a drive means, may simultaneously move a plurality of support shoes forming part of a shoe-unit out of an active position and a corresponding number of opposing support shoes in respective shoe-units into an active position.
  • the invention also relates to a railway switch, the main characteristic features of which are disclosed in the following apparatus claims.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a part of a switch constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the switch taken on the line II-II in Figure 1;
  • Figures 3-8 are vertical sections through the switch taken on the lines III-III, IV-IV, etc. up to and including VIII-VIII in Figure 1;
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged view of part of the switch illustrated in Figure 1, with the point being shown in its rest position in full lines and in its active position in chain lines.
  • the illustrated switch includes sleepers or cross-ties 1 which carry respectively in a known manner stock rails 2 and 3 and points, or tongues, 4 and 5.
  • the stock rails 2 comprise a rail head 2a which presents a tread surface 2b, a web 2c, and a rail foot 2d.
  • the right-hand rail consists of corresponding parts 3a-3d.
  • Auxiliary actuating devices in the form of arms 8 and 9 which, in the illustrated embodiment, can be swung about axes 10; 11 coincidental with respective sleepers 1, are provided for vertical movement of respective points between an active position in which the tread surface 4b, 5b of respective points lie in the same horizontal plane as the tread surface of an adjacent rail head 2b, 3b, and a lowered rest position in which the tread surface of the point is out of reach of a flange 6a of a flanged wheel 6 running on the tread or track surface of the stock rail.
  • the arms 8 are connected to a drive device 16, in the form of an hydraulic piston-cylinder device, via linkages 12, 14.
  • the arms 9 are also connected to a corresponding hydraulic piston-cylinder device 17, via linkages 15, 13.
  • the point or tongue 4 is carried by the arm 8 at a location thereon spaced from the place at which the arm is connected to the linkage 12, whereas the point or tongue 5 is carried by the arm 9 at the outer end thereof.
  • Movement of the points 4, 5 between their inactive position and their active position is effected with the aid of the elasticity of the points. Bending and turning operations take place at the spot of free passage of the wheel flanges, cf. Fig. 5.
  • the tongue is then forced to be rotated, elevated and lowered non-uniformly between the fixed point root (Fig. 8) and said spot; uniformly, however, up to the tip 4a of the point or tongue (Fig. 3).
  • movement of the left-hand point 4 is steered by mutually engaging guide surfaces, namely one guide surface 2e on the rail 2 and one guide surface 4e on the point 4.
  • the rail 3 and the point 5 present corresponding guide surfaces 3e and 5e, respectively.
  • the guide surfaces 2e and 4e engage one another in such close mutual contact as to prevent particles of dirt, e.g. sand, or snow from penetrating therebetween and therewith impair the function of the switch.
  • the guide surface 2e is located on a thickened part of the web 2c of rail 2.
  • the thickened rail portion has the form of a separate spacer block 18 which incorporates a guide surface 18e for co-action with the guide surface 4e on the point 4.
  • the point 4 has a convex arcuate guide surface 4e which co-acts with a concave arcuate guide surface 2e or 18e on the stock rail 2 and the spacer block 18, respectively. These guide surfaces have mutually the same radius.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show that the tread or track surface of the point 4 in its downwardly lowered position present a rising level and from rotation successively re-assumed horizontal position from Fig. 5 to the root of the point seen in Fig. 8. At the said rail distance or length the point has an arcuate guide surface 2e, 4e (Fig. 6) between the point and a support shoe 29, 31.
  • the support shoes 24, 25 are joined to form a shoe-unit which is manipulated by drive means 30 in the form of hydraulic piston-cylinder devices, through an auxiliary device 28.
  • drive means 30 in the form of hydraulic piston-cylinder devices
  • auxiliary device 28 When activating the drive and auxiliary devices, the shoe-units are moved in one and the same plane between an active position, in which they lie beneath a point in the active position of said point and an inactive position in which they lie on one side of the point in the inactive position of said point.
  • one shoe 24 is moved to an active position at the same time as an opposing shoe 25 is moved to an inactive position, and vice versa.
  • the switch also incorporates sealing and protecting plates arranged between the points 4, 5.
  • These plates include parts 32, 33 which are located between the rails 2, 3 and which can swing together with the points 4, 5, and stationary protective parts 34 which lie outwardly of the point drive means.
  • the plate parts 32, 33 cover the whole area between respective points from the tip to the root of each point.
  • the construction of the switch will now be described with reference to a simple left-hand switch with a cross-over angle of approximately 1: 9, i.e. the track curve in the switch deviates to the left from the straight track, commencing from the tips of the points.
  • the right-hand stock rail 3 is straight with its point or tongue 5 curved to the left, whereas the left-hand stock rail 2 is curved to the left and has a straight point or tongue.
  • a light signal placed on the upline side of the switch signals that the vehicle is "in the curve".
  • a safety device in corresponding hydraulic piston-cylinder devices 16, 17 is brought into function when the points are to be raised or lowered.
  • two vibrators (not shown) are automatically activated, therewith to crush any ice-film which might be present, causing it to lose its grip. This obviates the need to heat the points or stock rails electrically.
  • the invention enables points to be switched fully automatically even when high train speeds in the track curve require crossing angles which reach to between 1: 12 and 1: 15. Furthermore, the invention enables the points to be switched totally manually, by means of four "switch levers".
  • the invention affords considerable advantages even in this regard, inter alia, since the need to remove snow, oil-laden gravel and dust, leaves and similar rubbish likely to occur on, e.g., industrial railway tracks, can be avoided.
  • the invention also affords the possibility of constructing semi-automatic switches or turn-outs, in which case only one switch operating lever is required.
  • the plate surface extending between the points or tongues 4, 5 and comprising readily handled metal sheets 32, 33 is removed.
  • the protective hoods 32a, 33a can also be made detachable if considered suitable.
  • the switch construction according to this invention incorporates switch points or tongues which are also rotatable about their longitudinal axes.
  • the points constantly lie against a respective stock rail and move upwardly and downwardly in a vertical plane. Consequently, it is possible to retain points and stock rail constructions that were developed more than a century ago.
  • the points are each guided for movement by at least two mutually parallel and movable arms which are attached to the points and extend at right angles thereto from the track.
  • the respective points and arms together describe a circular sector against the stock rails with a length of arc of for instance about 55 mm and a radius of arc equivalent to the length of the arms, which with a view to said arcuate surfaces are given mutually the same lengths.
  • the points are guided and driven essentially at the location at which the distance of the points from the stock rails allows the passage of wheel flanges, the raising, lowering and lengthwise rotation of the points decreasing progressively from said location through a distance of for instance about 4; 5 meters along support shoes arranged on each sleeper an adapted for tight or close abutment with the points, up to the root of the point where the stationary intermediate rail of the crossing starts.

Claims (9)

1. Procédé de manoeuvre d'un aiguillage comprenant des contre-aiguilles (2; 3) montés sur traverses et des aiguilles ou lames d'aiguilles (4; 5), lesdites aiguilles étant actionnées de préférence par des moyens d'actionnement séparés (8, 12, 14; 9, 13, 15) et étant alternativement déplaçables suivant une direction sensiblement verticale entre une position active pour laquelle la table de roulement ou surface supérieure (4b; 5b) des aiguilles respectives (4; 5) est située au même niveau que la table de roulement ou surface supérieure (2b; 3b) d'un champignon de rail adjacent, et une position inactive abaissée pour laquelle elle est en dessous de l'empiètement du boudin (6a; 7a) d'une roue de train (6; 7) située sur la table de roulement de la contre-aiguille, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à:
a) basculer des dispositifs d'actionnement à bras (8; 9) portant les aiguilles (4; 5) autour d'axes horizontaux (10; 11) agencés entre les aiguilles en utilisant l'élasticité inhérente aux aiguilles;
b) relever le niveau de la table de roulement (4b; 5b) de l'aiguille (4; 5) se trouvant dans sa position abaissée, depuis la pointe réelle de l'aiguille jusqu'à son talon;
c) maintenir l'aiguille à l'écart latéralement du passage d'une roue à boudin sur la contre-aiguille (2; 3) au moyen d'un bloc d'espacement (18; 19) qui est disposé avant l'endroit où l'aiguille atteint la partie la plus basse du boudin de la roue; et
d) placer des éléments de support (24; 25) portés par les traverses sous l'aiguille qui est dans sa position active relevée, caractérisé en ce qu'on
e) guide ledit mouvement de basculement des aiguilles au moyen de surfaces de guidage (2e; 4e; 3e; 5e) coopérant mutuellement et en contact mutuel, ayant respectivement une forme en arc concave et convexe, et située entre les contre-aiguilles (2; 3) et les aiguilles (4; 5).
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on
f) provoque la rotation des bras (8; 9) autour des axes (10; 11) qui sont situés au centre des traverses (1) entre les aiguilles (4; 5) et qui sont de préférence coïncidents.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on
g) guide ledit mouvement de basculement des aiguilles entre une position inactive et une position active au moyen d'un bloc d'espacement (18; 19) qui est inséré entre la contre-aiguille (2; 3) et l'aiguille (4; 5) et dont la largeur augmente depuis la pointe réelle de l'aiguille jusqu'à son talon.
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on
h) déplace simultanément plusieurs coussinets (24; 25) formant support, associés aux éléments de support, hors de leur position active, et un nombre correspondant de coussinets (25; 24) formant support, qui leur sont opposés, dans une position active, au moyen d'un seul et unique moyen d'actionnement relié à des moyens d'entraînement.
5. Aiguillage comprenant:
a) des contre-aiguilles (2; 3) montés sur traverses et des aiguilles (4; 5);
b) des moyens d'actionnement (8, 12, 14; 9, 13, 15) qui coopèrent avec des moyens d'entraînement (16; 17) pour déplacer les aiguilles (4; 5) en alternance suivant une direction sensiblement verticale entre une position active pour laquelle la table de roulement (4b; 5b) des aiguilles (4; 5) respectivement est au même niveau que la table de roulement (2b; 3b) du champignon (2a; 3a) d'une contre-aiguille adjacente, et une position inactive abaissée en dehors du passage d'un boudin (6a; 7a) d'une roue à boudin (6; 7) roulant sur la table de roulement de la contre-aiguille (2; 3);
c) lesdits moyens d'actionnement des aiguilles (4; 5) comprenant des bras (8; 9) qui, en utilisant l'élasticité intrinsèque des aiguilles peuvent être basculés autour d'axes horizontaux (10; 11) situés sur les traverses (1), de préférence en leur centre;
d) la table de roulement (4b; 5b) de ladite aiguille, dans la position abaissée de l'aiguille, formant une pente depuis la pointe réelle (4a; 5a) de l'aiguille jusqu'au talon de celle-ci;
e) la table de roulement (4b; 5b) de l'aiguille, à l'endroit où la largeur du bloc d'espacement (18; 19) correspond à la largeur du boudin (6a; 7a) de la roue (6; 7), demeurant toujours en dessous du boudin de la roue et sans contact avec celui-ci; et
f) des moyens d'entraînement (30) agencés de manière à déplacer, dans un et même plan, des éléments à coussinets formant support, qui sont portés par les traverses (1) entre une position active sous l'aiguille (4; 5) respective, en position active de cette aiguille, et une position inactive sur un côté de l'aiguille, quand l'aiguille occupe sa position inactive, caractérisé en ce que
e) les aiguilles (4; 5) et les contre-aiguilles (2; 3) sont munies de surfaces de guidage (2e; 4e; 3e; 5e) coopérant mutuellement et en contact mutuel, ayant respectivement, pour les aiguilles une forme en arc convexe et pour les contre-aiguilles une forme en arc concave, lesdites surfaces de guidage guidant les aiguilles dans leur mouvement de basculement entre ladite position active et ladite position inactive.
6. Aiguillage selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que
f) un bloc d'espacement (18; 19) est inséré entre les contre-aiguilles (2; 3) et aiguilles (4; 5) respectives, la largeur de ce bloc d'espacement croissant depuis la pointe réelle de l'aiguille jusqu'à son talon; et en ce que le bloc d'espacement est muni de surfaces de guidage (18e; 19e) pour coopérer avec une surface (4e; 5e) correspondante de l'aiguille (4; 5).
7. Aiguillage selon soit la revendication 5 soit la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que
g) l'aiguille (4; 5) est munie d'une surface en arc convexe (4e; 5e) pour coopérer avec une surface de guidage en arc concave (4e; 5e; 18e; 19e) disposée, respectivement, sur les contre-aiguilles (2; 3) et sur les blocs d'espacement (18; 19), lesdites surfaces de guidage ayant mutuellement le même rayon d'arc.
8. Aiguillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5-7, caractérisé en ce que
h) un coussinet (24; 25) faisant part des éléments à coussinets est déplacé vers sa position active en même temps qu'un coussinet (25; 24), qui lui est opposé, est déplacé vers sa position inactive.
9. Aiguillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5-8, caractérisé en ce que
i) des moyens d'étanchéité et de protection (32; 33) sous forme de plaques sont agencés entre les aiguilles (4; 5) et comprennent des parties qui sont situées entre les rails (2; 3) et adaptées pour pivoter ensemble avec les aiguilles (4; 5), et des parties (34), de préférence fixes, qui s'étendent à l'extérieur des moyens d'entraînement des aiguilles, en les protégeant.
EP87904356A 1986-06-23 1987-06-18 Procede pour l'actionnement des aiguillages de voies ferrees et aiguillage pour la mise en oeuvre du procede Expired EP0310627B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87904356T ATE66264T1 (de) 1986-06-23 1987-06-18 Verfahren zum schalten von eisenbahnweichen, sowie eisenbahnschalter zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8602781A SE453604B (sv) 1986-06-23 1986-06-23 Sett att omlegga en sparvexel samt sparvexel for utforande av settet
SE8602781 1986-06-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0310627A1 EP0310627A1 (fr) 1989-04-12
EP0310627B1 true EP0310627B1 (fr) 1991-08-14

Family

ID=20364889

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87904356A Expired EP0310627B1 (fr) 1986-06-23 1987-06-18 Procede pour l'actionnement des aiguillages de voies ferrees et aiguillage pour la mise en oeuvre du procede

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0310627B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE66264T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3772204D1 (fr)
NO (1) NO161576C (fr)
SE (1) SE453604B (fr)
WO (1) WO1987007920A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4063230A1 (fr) * 2021-03-19 2022-09-28 Bo Johansson Ensemble aiguillage ferroviaire

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2336615A (en) * 1998-04-24 1999-10-27 F H Limited Actuator for a rail switch and crossing system
CN103938501B (zh) * 2014-04-08 2016-03-02 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 一种标轨内嵌套米轨的并轨装置及转接过渡方法
CN107700282B (zh) * 2017-09-01 2023-07-07 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 一种道岔间隔铁
SE542061C2 (en) * 2017-11-14 2020-02-18 Vertex Sweden Ab Railway switch mechanism and method for operating a railway switch mechanism

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1790548A (en) * 1931-01-27 lofstrand
SE33420C1 (fr) * 1912-08-28
US792646A (en) * 1904-01-13 1905-06-20 Charles Wagner Switch.
DE2042233C2 (de) * 1970-08-26 1975-01-16 Elektro Thermit Gmbh Zungenweiche, bei der die Zungen aus Schienenabschnitten des Stammgleises bestehen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4063230A1 (fr) * 2021-03-19 2022-09-28 Bo Johansson Ensemble aiguillage ferroviaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE453604B (sv) 1988-02-15
NO161576B (no) 1989-05-22
ATE66264T1 (de) 1991-08-15
WO1987007920A1 (fr) 1987-12-30
NO880749D0 (no) 1988-02-22
EP0310627A1 (fr) 1989-04-12
NO161576C (no) 1989-08-30
DE3772204D1 (de) 1991-09-19
SE8602781L (sv) 1987-12-24
SE8602781D0 (sv) 1986-06-23
NO880749L (no) 1988-02-22

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