EP0309945A2 - Device for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a loop - Google Patents
Device for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a loop Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0309945A2 EP0309945A2 EP88115722A EP88115722A EP0309945A2 EP 0309945 A2 EP0309945 A2 EP 0309945A2 EP 88115722 A EP88115722 A EP 88115722A EP 88115722 A EP88115722 A EP 88115722A EP 0309945 A2 EP0309945 A2 EP 0309945A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- passage
- swirl
- carrier gas
- descaling agent
- applying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
- C23G3/04—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/04—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
- B24C3/32—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
- B24C3/325—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks for internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
- B24C3/327—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks for internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes by an axially-moving flow of abrasive particles without passing a blast gun, impeller or the like along the internal surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a glowing billet in the manufacture of seamless tubes and to a method in which the device is used.
- a method for descaling the inner surface of glowing blanks in the manufacture of seamless tubes and a device for carrying out this method are known (EP-A-0 133 937).
- the carrier gas stream loaded with the substance namely a descaling agent
- the swirl is conducted with the swirl directly through the hollow body, namely the glowing cap.
- the swirl brings a more even distribution of the substance in the carrier gas and the centrifugal force that occurs as a result of the swirl brings a larger part of the substance onto the inner surface of the hollow body without following gravity.
- the loaded carrier gas stream with the swirl must first force the air at rest in the cavity through and out of the cavity. Part of its swirl is transferred to this air and is lost for the application of the substance to the inner surface of the hollow body.
- the loaded carrier gas stream flows through the cavity, its velocity and swirl are less near the inner surface than in the center of the cavity cross section.
- the current becomes lami nar because of the friction on the inner surface, especially if it is rough, for example in the case of a loophole, covered with a layer of scale.
- only part of the swirl imparted to the loaded carrier gas stream is effective for applying the substance to the inner surface.
- the invention seeks to remedy this.
- the invention as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of improving the method and, above all, the device of the type mentioned, to a larger part of the substance with which the carrier gas stream to which the swirl was given is loaded to bring the inner surface of the hollow body.
- twist is to be understood in the sense of a screwing movement or a helical movement.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the loaded carrier gas stream with the swirl when entering the cavity does not encounter still air, but rather the additional, unloaded gas stream which is in the same direction and with a swirl of the same direction of rotation how the laden carrier gas stream is already flowing through the cavity.
- the loaded carrier stream acts immediately at full speed and with all the twist given to it for applying the substance to the inner surface, from one end of the cavity to the other.
- Air is preferably used as the carrier gas and as an additional gas.
- the descaling agent can be in powder or granular form.
- compositions can be used as descaling agents, but preference is given to those which, inter alia, are used. are listed in European application 0 169 413.
- the gas flow leaving the void containing the carrier gas and the additional gas as well as a remainder of the substance can be supported by conventional means to support the flow in the void Devices are suctioned off, the rest of the material, if it consists of fine particles, can be collected in a separator for further use or recirculation.
- the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing which represents only one embodiment.
- the single figure shows a perspective view of a partially sectioned device for carrying out the method for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a plate, the cavity of which is largely cylindrical.
- An essential part in connection with the invention is a passage element 1 for a carrier gas stream loaded with the substance.
- This passage member 1 can be designed as a cylinder or as a passage with a square or rectangular cross section.
- the cylindrical shape is advantageously used.
- Baffles 3 are arranged in the passage space 2 of the passage member 1 and form a swirl generator for the loaded carrier gas stream.
- part of the guide plates 3 is designed as a feed device 4, in the drawing as nozzles 4, for an additional gas not loaded with the substance. Their outflow directions are at the same angle to the guide plate 3, based on the axis 6. This ensures that the gas is given a swirl. The direction of rotation is irrelevant to the effect of the application.
- an intermediate space 12 which is open on the circumference, e.g. 15 to 35 mm, preferably 20 mm in length, as a result of which the effect known in jet apparatus (jet pumps, atomizers) is achieved, which leads to a better distribution of the substance in the carrier gas stream leaving the passage element.
- jet apparatus jet pumps, atomizers
- an annular space with gas supply which is closed to the outside and surrounds the intermediate space can be provided.
- Lines 13 leading to the nozzles 4 run along the passage member 1 and are provided via a connection 15 for the supply of the additional gas.
- the angle of the cone 18, measured in relation to the axis 6, is expediently chosen between 20 and 50 °.
- the angle is preferably 40 °.
- the guide plates 3 are straight or slightly curved, at an angle, measured at the end of the guide plate, from 15 to 25 ° to the axis 6, preferably from 20 ° to the axis 6.
- the nozzles 4 also have the function of baffles 3. That is, some of the baffles 3 are designed as nozzles 4. Their angle to the axis consequently corresponds to that of the guide plates 3. Three to six guide plates 3, preferably four guide plates 3, are expediently arranged in a passage element 1.
- Two to three of these guide plates 3, preferably two of the guide plates 3, are designed as nozzles 4.
- the nozzles 4, viewed from the cross section of the passage element 1, are advantageously arranged opposite one another.
- the device according to the invention is expediently used for amounts of 100 to 1,000 g of descaling agent.
- passage elements 1 and their components can be varied in size.
- the inner surface of glowing blanks is advantageously descaled for the production of seamless, 4 to 12 meter long tubes with an inside diameter of 10 to 40 cm.
- the procedure is such that the device is brought to the bracket via a displacement unit with the aid of the centering device 8, which engages in the bracket, and a spring device 9. Then air not loaded with the descaling agent is blown through the nozzles 4 into the slugs at a pressure of appropriately 2 to 6 bar. This creates two helical, axially offset flows of this air in the cavity. At the same time or immediately afterwards, the air flow loaded with descaling agent begins. This is correspondingly a swirl in passage organ 1 through the baffles 3 granted.
- the pressure of the loaded air flow also suitably ranges between 2 and 6 bar.
- the gas supply is cut off, the displacement unit is withdrawn and the system is ready to descaled the next blow.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zum Aufbringen eines Entzunderungsmittels auf die Innenfläche einer glühenden Luppe bei der Herstellung von nahtlosen Rohren sowie auf ein Verfahren, in welchem die Einrichtung angewendet wird.The invention relates to a device for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a glowing billet in the manufacture of seamless tubes and to a method in which the device is used.
Es ist ein Verfahren zum Entzundern der Innenfläche glühender Luppen bei der Herstellung nahtloser Rohre und eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens bekannt (EP-A-0 133 937). Bei diesem Verfahren und mit dieser Einrichtung wird der mit dem Stoff, nämlich einem Entzunderungsmittel, beladene Trägergasstrom mit dem Drall unmittelbar durch den Hohlkörper, nämlich die glühende Luppe, geleitet. Dabei wird durch den Drall eine gleichmässigere Verteilung des Stoffes im Trägergas und durch die infolge des Dralls auftretende Fliehkraft ein grösserer Teil des Stoffes auf die Innenfläche des Hohlkörpers gebracht, ohne der Schwerkraft zu folgen.A method for descaling the inner surface of glowing blanks in the manufacture of seamless tubes and a device for carrying out this method are known (EP-A-0 133 937). In this method and with this device, the carrier gas stream loaded with the substance, namely a descaling agent, is conducted with the swirl directly through the hollow body, namely the glowing cap. The swirl brings a more even distribution of the substance in the carrier gas and the centrifugal force that occurs as a result of the swirl brings a larger part of the substance onto the inner surface of the hollow body without following gravity.
Der beladene Trägergasstrom mit dem Drall muss zuerst die im Hohlraum ruhende Luft durch den Hohlraum hindurch und aus diesem heraus drängen. Dabei wird ein Teil seines Dralls an diese Luft übertragen und geht für das Aufbringen des Stoffes auf die Innenfläche des Hohlkörpers verloren. Wenn der beladene Trägergasstrom durch den Hohlraum strömt, sind seine Geschwindigkeit und sein Drall in der Nähe der Innenfläche kleiner als in der Mitte des Hohlraumquerschnitts. Die Strömung wird lami nar wegen der Reibung an der Innenfläche, besonders wenn diese rauh, z.B. im Falle einer Luppe, mit einer Zunderschicht überzogen ist. Insgesamt ist nur ein Teil des dem beladenen Trägergasstrom erteilten Dralls zum Aufbringen des Stoffes auf die Innenfläche wirksam.The loaded carrier gas stream with the swirl must first force the air at rest in the cavity through and out of the cavity. Part of its swirl is transferred to this air and is lost for the application of the substance to the inner surface of the hollow body. When the loaded carrier gas stream flows through the cavity, its velocity and swirl are less near the inner surface than in the center of the cavity cross section. The current becomes lami nar because of the friction on the inner surface, especially if it is rough, for example in the case of a loophole, covered with a layer of scale. Overall, only part of the swirl imparted to the loaded carrier gas stream is effective for applying the substance to the inner surface.
Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen. Die Erfindung, wie sie in den Patentansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, löst die Aufgabe, das Verfahren und vor allem die Einrichtung der genannten Art zu verbessern, um einen grösseren Teil des Stoffes, mit dem der Trägergasstrom, dem der Drall erteilt wurde, beladen ist, auf die Innenfläche des Hohlkörpers zu bringen. Dabei ist Drall im Sinne einer Schraubbewegung oder schraubenlinienförmigen Bewegung zu verstehen.The invention seeks to remedy this. The invention, as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of improving the method and, above all, the device of the type mentioned, to a larger part of the substance with which the carrier gas stream to which the swirl was given is loaded to bring the inner surface of the hollow body. Here, twist is to be understood in the sense of a screwing movement or a helical movement.
Die durch die Erfindung erzielten Vorteile sind im wesentlichen darin zu sehen, dass der beladene Trägergasstrom mit dem Drall beim Eindringen in den Hohlraum nicht auf ruhende Luft trifft, sondern auf den zusätzlichen, nicht beladenen Gasstrom, der in derselben Richtung und mit einem Drall desselben Drehsinnes wie der beladene Trägergasstrom bereits durch den Hohlraum fliesst. Dadurch wirkt der beladene Trägerstrom sofort mit seiner ganzen Geschwindigkeit und dem ganzen ihm erteilten Drall für das Aufbringen des Stoffes auf die Innenfläche, von einem Hohlraumende zum anderen. Wenn der zusätzliche Gasstrom während wenigstens eines Teiles der Dauer des beladenen Trägergasstromes fortgesetzt wird, kann während dieser Zeit der durch Reibung des beladenen Trägergasstromes an der Innenfläche verursachte Geschwindigkeits- und Drallverlust durch die Wirkung des zusätzlichen Gasstromes aufgehoben werden, so dass insgesamt ein Drall zur Wirkung kommt, der dem dem Trägergasstrom erteilten Drall je nach Geschwindigkeit und Drall des zusätzlichen Gasstromes gleich, aber auch grösser (oder auch kleiner) sein kann als jener. Indem der zusätzliche Gasstrom an einer oder in Teilströmen an mehreren gleichmässig verteilten Stellen des Umfangs des Hohlraums in diesen geleitet wird, kann erreicht werden, dass der zusätzliche Gasstrom nur nahe der Innenfläche des Hohlraumes wirkt. Insgesamt wird die Wirksamkeit des bekannten Verfahrens bzw. der bekannten Vorrichtung durch die Erfindung erheblich verbessert. Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung gehen aus der weiter unten folgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsweges der Erfindung hervor.The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the loaded carrier gas stream with the swirl when entering the cavity does not encounter still air, but rather the additional, unloaded gas stream which is in the same direction and with a swirl of the same direction of rotation how the laden carrier gas stream is already flowing through the cavity. As a result, the loaded carrier stream acts immediately at full speed and with all the twist given to it for applying the substance to the inner surface, from one end of the cavity to the other. If the additional gas flow is continued for at least a part of the duration of the loaded carrier gas stream, during this time the friction of the loaded carrier gas stream on the The loss of speed and swirl caused by the inner surface are canceled out by the effect of the additional gas flow, so that overall a swirl comes into effect which, depending on the speed and swirl of the additional gas flow, can be the same, but also larger (or smaller) depending on the speed and swirl of the additional gas flow than that. By guiding the additional gas flow at one or in partial flows at several evenly distributed locations on the circumference of the cavity, it can be achieved that the additional gas flow acts only near the inner surface of the cavity. Overall, the effectiveness of the known method or the known device is considerably improved by the invention. Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description of an embodiment of the invention which follows below.
Vorzugsweise wird als Trägergas sowie als zusätzliches Gas Luft eingesetzt. Das Entzunderungsmittel kann pulver- oder granulatförmig vorliegen.Air is preferably used as the carrier gas and as an additional gas. The descaling agent can be in powder or granular form.
Als Entzunderungsmittel können alle bekannten Zusammensetzungen eingesetzt werden, bevorzugt werden aber solche eingesetzt, wie sie u.a. in der europäischen Anmeldung 0 169 413 aufgeführt sind.All known compositions can be used as descaling agents, but preference is given to those which, inter alia, are used. are listed in European application 0 169 413.
Die die Luppe verlassende, das Trägergas und das zusätzlich Gas sowie einen Rest des Stoffes enthaltende Gasströmung kann zur Unterstützung der Strömung in der Luppe mittels üblichen Vorrichtungen abgesaugt werden, wobei der Rest des Stoffes, wenn dieser aus feinen Partikeln besteht, in einem Abscheider zwecks weiterer Verwendung bzw. Rezirkulierung gesammelt werden kann.The gas flow leaving the void containing the carrier gas and the additional gas as well as a remainder of the substance can be supported by conventional means to support the flow in the void Devices are suctioned off, the rest of the material, if it consists of fine particles, can be collected in a separator for further use or recirculation.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer nur einen Ausführungsweg darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer teils geschnittenen Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zum Aufbringen eines Entzunderungsmittels auf die Innenfläche einer Luppe, deren Hohlraum weitgehend zylindrisch ist.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing which represents only one embodiment. The single figure shows a perspective view of a partially sectioned device for carrying out the method for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a plate, the cavity of which is largely cylindrical.
Im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung wesentlicher Teil ist ein Durchlassorgan 1 für einen mit dem Stoff beladenen Trägergasstrom. Dieses Durchlassorgan 1 kann als Zylinder oder als Durchlass mit quadratischem oder rechteckigem Querschnitt ausgebildet sein. Vorteilhaft wird die Zylinderform eingesetzt. Im Durchlassraum 2 des Durchlassorgans 1 sind Leitbleche 3 angeordnet, die einen Drallgeber für den beladenen Trägergasstrom bilden. Erfindungsgemäss ist ein Teil der Leitbleche 3 als Zufuhrvorrichtung 4, in der Zeichnung als Düsen 4, für ein zusätzliches, nicht mit dem Stoff beladenen Gas ausgebildet. Deren Ausströmrichtungen sind gleichwinklig zum Leitblech 3, bezogen auf die Achse 6. Damit wird erreicht, dass dem Gas ein Drall erteilt wird. Die Drehrichtung ist dabei unerheblich für die Wirkung der Aufbringung.An essential part in connection with the invention is a
Zwischen dem Ende des Mundstücks 16 der Zuleitung 7 und dem Anfang des Verdrängerkörpers 18 ist ein am Umfang offener Zwischenraum 12 von z.B. 15 bis 35 mm, vorzugsweise 20 mm Länge, wodurch der bei Strahlapparaten (Strahlpumpen, Zerstäubern) bekannte Effekt erzielt wird, der zu einer besseren Verteilung des Stoffes im das Durchlassorgan verlassenden Trägergasstrom führt. Wenn der Zutritt von Luft zum beladenen Trägergasstrom unerwünscht ist, kann ein nach aussen geschlossener, den Zwischenraum umschliessender Ringraum mit Gaszufuhr vorgesehen werden. Längs des Durchlassorgans 1 verlaufen zu den Düsen 4 führende Leitungen 13, die über einen Anschluss 15 für die Zufuhr des zusätzlichen Gases vorgesehen sind.Between the end of the
Im Durchlassraum 2 ist ein in Strömungsrichtung konisch erweiterter Verdrängerkörper 18 angeordnet. Um eine vorteilhafte Wirkung zu erzielen, wird der Winkel des Konusses 18, gemessen zur Achse 6, zweckmässig zwischen 20 und 50° gewählt. Der Winkel beträgt vorzugsweise 40°.A
Die Leitbleche 3 sind gerade oder leicht gewölbt, in einem Winkel, gemessen am Leitblechende, von 15 bis 25° zur Achse 6, vorzugsweise von 20° zur Achse 6, angeordnet.The
Die Düsen 4 haben ebenfalls die Funktion von Leitblechen 3. D.h. ein Teil der Leitbleche 3 sind als Düsen 4 ausgebildet. Deren Winkel zur Achse entspricht folglich dem der Leitbleche 3. Zweckmässig werden in einem Durchlassorgan 1 drei bis sechs Leitbleche 3, vorzugsweise vier Leitbleche 3, angeordnet.The
Zwei bis drei dieser Leitbleche 3, vorzugsweise zwei der Leitbleche 3, sind als Düsen 4 ausgebildet. Vorteilhaft werden die Düsen 4, vom Querschnitt des Durchlassorgans 1 her betrachtet, gegenüberliegend angeordnet.Two to three of these
Die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung wird zweckmässig für Mengen von 100 bis 1.000 g an Entzunderungsmittel eingesetzt.The device according to the invention is expediently used for amounts of 100 to 1,000 g of descaling agent.
Zur Anpassung an Luppen verschiedener Durchmesser sind Durchlassorgane 1 sowie deren Bestandteile in der Grösse variierbar.In order to adapt to loops of different diameters,
Mit der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtung wird vorteilhaft die Innenfläche glühender Luppen für die Herstellung nahtloser, 4 bis 12 Meter langer Rohre, mit einem Innendurchmesser von 10 bis 40 cm entzundert.With the device according to the invention, the inner surface of glowing blanks is advantageously descaled for the production of seamless, 4 to 12 meter long tubes with an inside diameter of 10 to 40 cm.
In der Regel wird so vorgegangen, dass die Einrichtung über eine Verschiebeeinheit mit Hilfe der Zentriereinrichtung 8, die in die Luppe greift, und einer Federvorrichtung 9 an die Luppe herangeführt wird.
Dann wird nicht mit dem Entzunderungsmittel beladene Luft mit einem Druck von zweckmässig 2 bis 6 bar durch die Düsen 4 in die Luppen geblasen. Dabei entstehen zwei schraubenlinienförmige, axial gegeneinander versetzte Strömungen dieser Luft im Hohlraum. Gleichzeitig oder unmittelbar danach setzt der mit Entzunderungsmittel beladene Luftstrom ein. Diesem wird entsprechend in Durchlassorgan 1 durch die Leitbleche 3 ein Drall erteilt. Der Druck des beladenen Luftstroms bewegt sich zweckmässig ebenfalls zwischen 2 und 6 bar.As a rule, the procedure is such that the device is brought to the bracket via a displacement unit with the aid of the centering device 8, which engages in the bracket, and a
Then air not loaded with the descaling agent is blown through the
Nachdem die mit dem Entzunderungsmittel beladene Luftmenge durch die Luppe geströmt ist, wird die Gaszufuhr unterbrochen, die Verschiebeeinheit wird zurückgezogen und das System ist bereit, die nächste Luppe zu entzundern.After the amount of air loaded with the descaling agent has flowed through the blow, the gas supply is cut off, the displacement unit is withdrawn and the system is ready to descaled the next blow.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88115722T ATE76335T1 (en) | 1987-09-29 | 1988-09-23 | DEVICE FOR APPLYING A DESCALING AGENT TO THE INTERIOR SURFACE OF A LOUPE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH3777/87 | 1987-09-29 | ||
CH3777/87A CH674164A5 (en) | 1987-09-29 | 1987-09-29 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0309945A2 true EP0309945A2 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
EP0309945A3 EP0309945A3 (en) | 1990-05-30 |
EP0309945B1 EP0309945B1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
Family
ID=4263265
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88115722A Expired - Lifetime EP0309945B1 (en) | 1987-09-29 | 1988-09-23 | Device for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a loop |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5102468A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0309945B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2737168B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1020073C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE76335T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1314793C (en) |
CH (1) | CH674164A5 (en) |
CS (1) | CS274438B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3871309D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2031564T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX170721B (en) |
SU (1) | SU1620043A3 (en) |
YU (1) | YU178488A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111673879A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-18 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | Green formaldehyde-absorbing concrete slab and forming device |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3137974A (en) * | 1962-01-29 | 1964-06-23 | Wyatt S Kirkland | Spin-blast tool |
US3139711A (en) * | 1962-08-28 | 1964-07-07 | Schlumberger Well Surv Corp | Pipeline cleaning systems |
GB1012442A (en) * | 1962-05-22 | 1965-12-08 | Klean Kote Inc | Improvements in or relating to pipeline cleaning methods and apparatus |
DE1206677B (en) * | 1960-04-18 | 1965-12-09 | Klean Kote Inc | Method and device for cleaning pipelines by blowing in a sand-air mixture |
US4055025A (en) * | 1976-11-22 | 1977-10-25 | Union Carbide Corporation | Apparatus for improved cleaning of pipeline inlets |
FR2483265A1 (en) * | 1980-05-29 | 1981-12-04 | Nihon Plant Service Center Ltd | Internal painting of pipe - uses high speed spiral air current containing drops of paint |
DE3235506A1 (en) * | 1982-09-24 | 1984-03-29 | Marubeni Construction Machinery Sales, Inc., Tokyo | RESTORATION DEVICE FOR FLUID CHANNELS |
EP0133937A1 (en) * | 1983-08-17 | 1985-03-13 | Lonza Ag | Process for descaling loops |
EP0172366A1 (en) * | 1984-07-23 | 1986-02-26 | Lonza Ag | Method and apparatus for pickling work pieces for making tubes |
EP0250881A1 (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-01-07 | Lonza Ag | Process for applying a fluent material to the inner side of a hollow body, and apparatus for carrying out the process |
Family Cites Families (78)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2735814A (en) * | 1956-02-21 | Die forging compound | ||
US679756A (en) * | 1901-05-23 | 1901-08-06 | William Bonbright Kennedy | Steam and hot-air flue-cleaner. |
US998762A (en) * | 1911-05-19 | 1911-07-25 | Cement Appliances Company | Apparatus for combining comminuted solids and liquid. |
US1577052A (en) * | 1925-07-23 | 1926-03-16 | Auspitzer Otto | Method and apparatus for comminuting solids and forming colloidal solutions |
US1690664A (en) * | 1926-01-16 | 1928-11-06 | Carr Fastener Co Ltd | Separable fastener |
US1944273A (en) * | 1929-06-06 | 1934-01-23 | Western Electric Co | Lubricating compound |
US1987724A (en) * | 1930-11-08 | 1935-01-15 | Noble & Wood Machine Co | Colloid mill |
US1989507A (en) * | 1933-05-03 | 1935-01-29 | Diescher Tube Mills Inc | Rolling mill mandrel |
US1994273A (en) * | 1933-12-26 | 1935-03-12 | Goebbel Louis | Ornamented lining fabric |
US2176879A (en) * | 1937-11-20 | 1939-10-24 | Acheson Colloids Corp | Method of disintegrating, dispersing and stabilizing graphite and product |
US2316571A (en) * | 1942-06-04 | 1943-04-13 | Buckeye Lab Inc | Apparatus for treating rolling oils |
US2588625A (en) * | 1945-03-15 | 1952-03-11 | Aluminum Co Of America | Forging lubricant and method of using same |
NL88376C (en) * | 1952-04-30 | |||
US3198735A (en) * | 1961-10-20 | 1965-08-03 | Edward R Lamson | Solid lubricant composition and method for lubricating anti-friction bearing structures |
US3242075A (en) * | 1962-04-09 | 1966-03-22 | Acheson Ind Inc | High temperature lubricant |
US3213024A (en) * | 1962-07-17 | 1965-10-19 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | High temperature lubricant |
US3341454A (en) * | 1963-02-25 | 1967-09-12 | Hodson Corp | Lubricant composition |
NL130355C (en) * | 1964-09-09 | |||
US3344065A (en) * | 1965-01-25 | 1967-09-26 | Molykote Produktions G M B H | Extreme pressure lubricants |
US3919158A (en) * | 1966-06-18 | 1975-11-11 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Polyvinyl chloride plasticized with mixed phosphate esters |
US3384580A (en) * | 1967-05-09 | 1968-05-21 | Acheson Ind Inc | Graphite dispersions |
GB1223562A (en) * | 1967-09-05 | 1971-02-24 | British Petroleum Co | Improved method of preparing oleophilic compounds |
US3472770A (en) * | 1967-09-08 | 1969-10-14 | Chevron Res | Novel pinion grease |
GB1251044A (en) * | 1968-01-26 | 1971-10-27 | ||
US3838048A (en) * | 1968-06-17 | 1974-09-24 | Diamond Shamrock Corp | Polyvinylfluoride bearings |
US3549206A (en) * | 1969-05-06 | 1970-12-22 | Cons Eng Co | Self-purging,pneumatic,conveying apparatus additionally equipped as with agitator and/or scale |
GB1374976A (en) * | 1970-12-01 | 1974-11-20 | British Petroleum Co | Oleophilic graphite |
US3801504A (en) * | 1971-03-22 | 1974-04-02 | Texaco Inc | Non-flammable water based hot forging lubricating compositions |
US3698953A (en) * | 1971-05-27 | 1972-10-17 | Elca Battery Co | Galvanic cell |
FR2227182B2 (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1979-01-19 | Usinor | |
IT964014B (en) * | 1972-08-16 | 1974-01-21 | Cavallucci A | DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE SANDING BY MEANS OF METAL GRAIN OR SIMILAR TO EXAMPLE INSIDE PIPES |
US3806453A (en) * | 1973-02-23 | 1974-04-23 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Metal working lubricant |
US3908038A (en) * | 1973-03-28 | 1975-09-23 | Allied Chem | Thermoplastic molding compositions |
US3918284A (en) * | 1973-04-20 | 1975-11-11 | Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co | Seamless tube mill piercer mandrel and assembly |
US3833502A (en) * | 1973-04-30 | 1974-09-03 | Nalco Chemical Co | Method for improving the adherence of metalworking coolants to metal surfaces |
JPS5216826B2 (en) * | 1973-06-13 | 1977-05-11 | ||
US4055503A (en) * | 1973-10-11 | 1977-10-25 | Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. | Lubricating powder and method of producing same and relatively slideable components |
GB1438215A (en) * | 1974-05-08 | 1976-06-03 | Lonz Ltd | High temperature lubricant |
US4039337A (en) * | 1974-10-23 | 1977-08-02 | Ball Brothers Research Corporation | Release coating for glass manufacture |
US3994847A (en) * | 1974-12-30 | 1976-11-30 | Ball Corporation | Aqueous dispersion of polyphenylene sulfide metal phosphate binder and solid lubricant for glass molds coating |
US4050932A (en) * | 1975-04-07 | 1977-09-27 | General Motors Corporation | Colloidal graphite forging lubricant and method |
US3983042A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1976-09-28 | Wyman-Gordon Company | Water-based forging lubricant |
US4104178A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1978-08-01 | Wyman-Gordon Company | Water-based forging lubricant |
CA1075223A (en) * | 1975-12-12 | 1980-04-08 | Donald G. Needham | Poly (arylene sulfide) antifriction composition |
US4090666A (en) * | 1976-05-19 | 1978-05-23 | Coors Container Company | Gun for tribo charging powder |
SU586195A1 (en) * | 1976-05-19 | 1977-12-30 | Институт Химии Высокомолекулярных Соединений Ан Украинской Сср | "spga-1" lubricant for cold plastic working of metals |
GB1600734A (en) * | 1977-03-08 | 1981-10-21 | British Petroleum Co | Fire resistant grease |
US4321295A (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1982-03-23 | Ramu International | Modified graphite and process for using same |
FR2429051A1 (en) * | 1978-06-20 | 1980-01-18 | Trefilunion | PROC |
US4206060A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1980-06-03 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Bolt and nut unit coated with lubricant |
FR2440985A1 (en) * | 1978-11-07 | 1980-06-06 | Nord Tech Rech Applic | ADDITIVE OIL COMPOSITIONS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DE2849617A1 (en) * | 1978-11-15 | 1980-05-29 | Dow Corning Gmbh | AQUEOUS LUBRICANT |
JPS6041829B2 (en) * | 1979-01-06 | 1985-09-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Manufacturing method of positive electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte battery |
US4228020A (en) * | 1979-05-04 | 1980-10-14 | Edwin Cooper, Inc. | Lubricating oil composition |
US4351815A (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1982-09-28 | Columbian Chemicals Company | Battery carbon black |
US4339897A (en) * | 1979-11-07 | 1982-07-20 | Schmidt Manufacturing, Inc. | Sandblasting methods and apparatus |
JPS56139212A (en) * | 1980-04-02 | 1981-10-30 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for supplying rolling mill oil |
US4357249A (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1982-11-02 | Arguto, Inc. | Self-lubricating bearing and the like, and method of making same |
US4470939A (en) * | 1980-09-25 | 1984-09-11 | Duracell Inc. | Method of electrode formation |
US4357953A (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1982-11-09 | Sterling Drug Inc. | Apparatus for slurrying powdered solids |
US4490077A (en) * | 1981-07-28 | 1984-12-25 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for continuously measuring flow rate of fine material flowing through transport pipe |
JPS58104833A (en) * | 1981-12-12 | 1983-06-22 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Continuously supplying method and device for transporting granule from one distributive transportation tank to plural supply ends by controlling mass flow to optional preset value |
JPS58167018A (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1983-10-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Rolling lubricating device |
GB2123917B (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1986-02-12 | Hakko Co | Lining underground pipes |
US4535812A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1985-08-20 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Time controlled gas flows |
DE3227592C1 (en) * | 1982-07-21 | 1983-07-21 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Process for producing an abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant cement mortar lining in metal pipes |
US4456539A (en) * | 1982-07-29 | 1984-06-26 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Triazole-dithiophosphate reaction product and lubricant compositions containing same |
ZA84247B (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-09-26 | Lonza Ag | Parting and lubricating agent in solid form |
US4656105A (en) * | 1983-08-30 | 1987-04-07 | Mitsuit Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. | Iodine cell |
US4687598A (en) * | 1983-11-07 | 1987-08-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Electrode-active material for electrochemical batteries and method of preparation |
US4622709A (en) * | 1984-04-16 | 1986-11-18 | Shinichi Matsuda | Cleaning apparatus for pipes |
US4702860A (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1987-10-27 | Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Institut Kabelnoi Promyshlennosti Po "Sredazkabel" | Current-conducting composition |
CH670106A5 (en) * | 1984-07-23 | 1989-05-12 | Lonza Ag | |
CH665847A5 (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1988-06-15 | Lonza Ag | METHOD FOR SUSPENDING SOLID LUBRICANTS. |
US4795495A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1989-01-03 | Village Of Streamwood | Sewer cleaning device |
US4668534A (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1987-05-26 | Ben E. Meyers | Method and apparatus for applying fusion bonded powder coatings to the internal diameter of tubular goods |
US4819471A (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1989-04-11 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Pilger die for tubing production |
US4862838A (en) * | 1988-06-07 | 1989-09-05 | Stanadyne Automotive Corp. | Crankcase oil spray nozzle for piston cooling |
-
1987
- 1987-09-29 CH CH3777/87A patent/CH674164A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-09-14 CN CN88106768A patent/CN1020073C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-09-15 CA CA000577433A patent/CA1314793C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-09-21 SU SU4356492A patent/SU1620043A3/en active
- 1988-09-22 YU YU178488A patent/YU178488A/en unknown
- 1988-09-23 ES ES198888115722T patent/ES2031564T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-09-23 DE DE8888115722T patent/DE3871309D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-09-23 AT AT88115722T patent/ATE76335T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-09-23 EP EP88115722A patent/EP0309945B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-09-27 JP JP63242206A patent/JP2737168B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-09-28 MX MX013184A patent/MX170721B/en unknown
- 1988-09-29 CS CS648088A patent/CS274438B2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-05-03 US US07/696,996 patent/US5102468A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1206677B (en) * | 1960-04-18 | 1965-12-09 | Klean Kote Inc | Method and device for cleaning pipelines by blowing in a sand-air mixture |
US3137974A (en) * | 1962-01-29 | 1964-06-23 | Wyatt S Kirkland | Spin-blast tool |
GB1012442A (en) * | 1962-05-22 | 1965-12-08 | Klean Kote Inc | Improvements in or relating to pipeline cleaning methods and apparatus |
US3139711A (en) * | 1962-08-28 | 1964-07-07 | Schlumberger Well Surv Corp | Pipeline cleaning systems |
US4055025A (en) * | 1976-11-22 | 1977-10-25 | Union Carbide Corporation | Apparatus for improved cleaning of pipeline inlets |
FR2483265A1 (en) * | 1980-05-29 | 1981-12-04 | Nihon Plant Service Center Ltd | Internal painting of pipe - uses high speed spiral air current containing drops of paint |
DE3235506A1 (en) * | 1982-09-24 | 1984-03-29 | Marubeni Construction Machinery Sales, Inc., Tokyo | RESTORATION DEVICE FOR FLUID CHANNELS |
EP0133937A1 (en) * | 1983-08-17 | 1985-03-13 | Lonza Ag | Process for descaling loops |
EP0172366A1 (en) * | 1984-07-23 | 1986-02-26 | Lonza Ag | Method and apparatus for pickling work pieces for making tubes |
EP0250881A1 (en) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-01-07 | Lonza Ag | Process for applying a fluent material to the inner side of a hollow body, and apparatus for carrying out the process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH674164A5 (en) | 1990-05-15 |
US5102468A (en) | 1992-04-07 |
JP2737168B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
CA1314793C (en) | 1993-03-23 |
CN1032422A (en) | 1989-04-19 |
ATE76335T1 (en) | 1992-06-15 |
CS274438B2 (en) | 1991-04-11 |
CN1020073C (en) | 1993-03-17 |
YU178488A (en) | 1993-10-20 |
JPH01107917A (en) | 1989-04-25 |
EP0309945A3 (en) | 1990-05-30 |
CS648088A2 (en) | 1990-08-14 |
EP0309945B1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
SU1620043A3 (en) | 1991-01-07 |
DE3871309D1 (en) | 1992-06-25 |
MX170721B (en) | 1993-09-09 |
ES2031564T3 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0076472B1 (en) | Apparatus for uniformly distributing a stream of bulk material | |
DE3420318C2 (en) | ||
DE19519092A1 (en) | Pneumatic powder=feed device | |
DE3100001C2 (en) | ||
DE2751968C3 (en) | Injector head for introducing a gas flow loaded with abrasive into a pipeline | |
DE931557C (en) | Device for introducing similar workpieces contained in a collecting container into a profile channel | |
DE2020055A1 (en) | Method and device for covering objects with powdery substances | |
DE69023897T2 (en) | Ultrasonic washing device. | |
EP0250881B1 (en) | Process for applying a fluent material to the inner side of a hollow body, and apparatus for carrying out the process | |
EP0309945B1 (en) | Device for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a loop | |
EP0792694B1 (en) | Process and device for controlling the flow of a fluidised powder from a container | |
DE3527923C2 (en) | ||
DE60305163T2 (en) | SEALED PROPELLER FOR PRODUCING METAL FOAM AND A SYSTEM THEREFOR | |
DE3326602A1 (en) | Device for compressed-air blasting | |
DE3042706C2 (en) | Method for coupling a test object in the ultrasonic test and ultrasonic probe | |
DE2648218C3 (en) | Process for regulating the washing performance of a venturi tube and devices for carrying out this process | |
DE2401626B2 (en) | Device for descaling a metal wire | |
DE4041810C2 (en) | Multi-wire arc spray gun | |
DE4021239C2 (en) | Method and device for extracting dissolved volatile substances from liquids into the gas phase | |
DE3834092C2 (en) | ||
DE2302464B2 (en) | Wet scrubber | |
DE3207197A1 (en) | Device for producing a spray jet | |
DE3330346A1 (en) | SPRAY HEAD FOR THE MIXTURE OF TWO MEDIA | |
DE2942804A1 (en) | Gas-generation equipment with vertical reactor - induces rising spiralling current of gasification medium and downwards peripheral one | |
DE8519413U1 (en) | Single-hole shower head |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GB IT LI SE |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GB IT LI SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19901127 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19911011 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GB IT LI SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 76335 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19920615 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3871309 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19920625 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2031564 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19941229 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
EAL | Se: european patent in force in sweden |
Ref document number: 88115722.6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19950817 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19950912 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19950930 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19950930 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19960923 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19960924 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19960923 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 88115722.6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20010921 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20010921 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20010924 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20011011 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020923 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020924 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030401 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030603 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20031011 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050923 |