EP0308651B1 - Composition lubrifiantes contenant une huile de jojoba et un dérivé d'huile de jojoba - Google Patents

Composition lubrifiantes contenant une huile de jojoba et un dérivé d'huile de jojoba Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0308651B1
EP0308651B1 EP88113441A EP88113441A EP0308651B1 EP 0308651 B1 EP0308651 B1 EP 0308651B1 EP 88113441 A EP88113441 A EP 88113441A EP 88113441 A EP88113441 A EP 88113441A EP 0308651 B1 EP0308651 B1 EP 0308651B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jojoba oil
oil
jojoba
lubricant
oils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88113441A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0308651A3 (en
EP0308651A2 (fr
Inventor
Phillip S. Landis
Frank Erickson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Lubricants Inc
Original Assignee
International Lubricants Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Lubricants Inc filed Critical International Lubricants Inc
Priority to AT88113441T priority Critical patent/ATE78865T1/de
Publication of EP0308651A2 publication Critical patent/EP0308651A2/fr
Publication of EP0308651A3 publication Critical patent/EP0308651A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0308651B1 publication Critical patent/EP0308651B1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
    • C10M135/06—Esters, e.g. fats
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/02—Natural products
    • C10M159/08—Fatty oils
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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    • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
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    • C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/28—Rotary engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/46—Textile oils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lubricant base composition and lubricant compositions with antifriction properties that contain jojoba oil and jojoba oil derivatives as the active lubricating agents. More specifically, this invention relates to a composition of jojoba oil, a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil and a sulfurized jojoba oil that is used in combination to form the active lubricating agents.
  • Jojoba oil is a natural mixture of straight-chain, unsaturated, monocarboxylic acid esters comprising primarily C18 to C24 monounsaturated alcohols esterified with C18 to C24 monounsaturated acids. The double bond is located predominantly in the C9 position in both the alcohol and acid portion of the esters. Jojoba oil is conventionally cold-pressed from the seed of Simmondsia chinensis , a desert shrub native to California, Arizona, and Mexico.
  • Jojoba oil and many of its derivatives have been disclosed in the literature. Jojoba oil has been used primarily in cosmetics and hair shampoos, but has also been disclosed as useful as a lubricant.
  • Arndt United States Patent 4,557,841, refers to jojoba oil as a lubricating additive and useful in the range of 0.1% to 10% (w/w) in a motor oil with a standard motor oil formulation.
  • United States Patent 2,921,874 refers to the use of jojoba oil as a cold forming lubricant for use in cold extrusion of metals.
  • United States Patent 4,360,387 refers to the use of isomorphous compositions of trans-isomerates of jojoba oil as useful as food machinery lubricants.
  • United States Patent 3,849,323 refers to blended petroleum products for lubrication containing a natural oil, such as jojoba oil.
  • German Patent 3,309,211 refers to the reaction of jojoba oil with P2S5 at high temperature and under a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • German Patent 3,327,127 refers to the use of jojoba oil in a sulfochlorinated mixture to improve anticorrosion or anti-wear properties.
  • jojoba oil as a lubricating derivative or agent in the prior art has been confined to single-agent use, i.e., jojoba oil and sulfurized derivatives of jojoba oil have been used individually as single agents in the art. There remains, however, much room for improvement of lubricating properties for automotive and marine oils, cutting fluids, precoat oils, metal-working oils, ATFs, gear oils, and way lubricants.
  • the present invention represents compositions which are superior to prior art lubricants for use in many well-known applications.
  • the present invention provides a lubricant base and lubricating compositions containing a mixture of jojoba oil, sulfurized jojoba oil, and a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil.
  • the compositions of the present invention provide superior lubricating characteristics, having antifriction characteristics and antiwear and load-carrying properties that are superior to any one compound alone. Improved antifriction characteristics may result in reduced fuel consumption for internal-combustion engines and lowered operating temperatures when used in engines and other industrial machinery.
  • the present invention provides for cutting fluids, precoat oils, metal-working oils, ATFs, gear oils, way lubricants, greases, aviation oils, textile lubricants, hydraulic oils, circulating oils, steam cylinder oils, spindle oils, fire-resistant fluids, and automotive and marine oils that incorporate the inventive lubricant base as the active lubricating agent.
  • the present invention comprises a lubricant base and a lubricating composition with anti-friction properties, including antiwear and load-carrying properties, consisting of a lubricant base and a base fluid.
  • the lubricant base comprises a mixture of jojoba oil, a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil, and sulfurized jojoba oil.
  • the amounts of ingredients used in the compositions of this invention are based upon the final lubricating composition.
  • the lubricant base can comprise 0.1% to 20% (w/w) jojoba oil, 0.1% to 5% (w/w) sulfurized jojoba oil, and 0.1% to 5% (w/w) of a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil.
  • Another lubricant base combination can comprise 0.1% to 20% (w/w) jojoba oil and 0.1% to 5% (w/w) of a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil.
  • the lubricant base is mixed with a base fluid to make a lubricating composition with antifriction properties, including antiwear and load-carrying properties.
  • lubricating compositions include cutting fluids, precoat oils, metal-working oils, ATFs, gear oils, way lubricants, greases, aviation oils, textile lubricants, hydraulic oils, circulating oils, steam cylinder oils, spindle oils, fire-resistant fluids, and automotive and marine oils.
  • base fluids include hydrocarbon oil; synthetic hydrocarbon; an ester-based lubricant; a mineral oil; a mixture of a mineral oil and an ester-based lubricant; a mixture of mineral oil, synthetic hydrocarbon, and an ester-based lubricant; a mineral oil-based grease; and a synthetic hydrocarbon-based grease.
  • the base fluids are:
  • Jojoba oil has the following structural formula: wherein
  • R C4 ⁇ 8 alkyl, C4 ⁇ 8 alkaryl, C4 ⁇ 8 aralkyl, and cyclo C4 ⁇ 8 alkyl.
  • R is n-butyl.
  • the phosphite adduct can be a diadduct or a monoadduct of the jojoba oil.
  • R is butyl as follows: wherein j and k are defined as above.
  • lubricant base and lubricating compositions are provided in the Tables 1 and 2.
  • the attached tables also provide performance results from standard tests, including low-velocity friction apparatus, the 4-ball wear test, and the Falex test. The procedures for each test are as follows.
  • the measurement of friction as related to rolling, drawing, and other metal-working operations depends upon the surface of the tool and workpiece and the viscosity and chemical makeup of the lubricant, as well as the pressure and temperature developed during processing.
  • the 4-ball wear test machine provides, under controlled testing conditions, a procedure for measuring friction.
  • the machine consists of three balls touching each other and clamped together in a horizontal plane.
  • a fourth ball touches three clamped balls by being positioned between the three and is driven by a motor so that it revolves in contact with the clamped balls.
  • the rotation takes place within a reservoir containing a test lubricant.
  • a temperature-measuring device, as well as a heater provides a method for controlling the temperature of the test fluid.
  • the rotating ball is loaded and then rotated for a specific time at a specific speed.
  • the scar patterns developed on the balls are measured. Any stains are observed, the diameter of the scar is measured, and the coefficient of friction is calculated by dividing the tangential force by the normal force at the ball surface.
  • the low-velocity friction apparatus is used to measure the friction of test lubricants under various loads, temperatures, and sliding speeds.
  • the LVFA consists of a flat steel surface (diameter 3,81 cm (1.5 inches)) which is attached to a drive shaft and rotated over a stationary, raised, narrow ringed steel surface (area 0,52 cm2 (0.08 inch2)). Both surfaces are submerged in the test lubricant. Friction between the steel surfaces is measured as a function of the sliding speed at a lubricant temperature of 121°C (250°F). The friction between the rubbing surfaces is measured using a torque arm/strain gauge system. The strain gauge output, which is calibrated to be equal to the coefficient of friction, is fed to the Y-axis of an X-Y plotter. The speed signal from the tachometer-generator is fed to the X-axis.
  • the Falex test consists of a method for measuring the torque and friction developed during rotation of a pin between two stationary V blocks.
  • the pin as well as the V blocks can be made of various materials.
  • the temperature of the lubricant bath into which the pin and V block are placed may also be varied.
  • the load is applied by a ratchet arrangement. Wear measurements made above the transition pressure, that is, the load at which the lubricant film breaks down, can be a useful parameter if carried out under conditions comparable to actual operations.
  • Tables 1 and 2 illustrate base fluids, jojoba oil in base fluids, jojoba oil with a dibutyl phosphite adduct plus base fluid, a jojoba oil plus dibutyl phosphite adduct and sulfurized jojoba oil plus base fluid for the LVFA test, the Falex wear test, and the 4-ball wear test.
  • the two tables illustrate the improved lubricating properties of the compositions of the present invention.
  • the lubricant base may be added to different base fluids to obtain a composition having a variety of end-use applications. Examples of end-use applications with different base fluids are listed in Table 3. TABLE 3 Application Base Fluid Viscosity SUS @ (100°F) 37,8°C Auto Engine Oil Mineral Oil and/or Ester Fluid and/or Synthetic Hydrocarbon Oils 100-200 Metal-Working Lubricant Mineral Oils 100-200 Gear Lubricant Mineral Oils 300-3000 Textile Lubricant Polyethyleneglycols Polypropyleneglycols 1000-3000 Aviation Oils Pentaerythritol Esters and Trimethylolpropane Esters 100-150 Grease Mineral Oil Synthetic Hydrocarbons 100-2000 Hydraulic Oils Mineral Oils Synthetic Hydrocarbons 100-300 Circulating Oils Mineral Oils Synthetic Hydrocarbon 900-3000 Gas Engine Oils Mineral Oils Synthetic Hydrocarbons 350-600 Diesel Engine Oils Mineral Oils, Esters and Synthetic Hydrocarbons 600-1000 ATFs Mineral Oils Synthetic Hydrocarbons 140-

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Constituant de base lubrifiante comprenant un mélange consistant en huile de jojoba, en un produit d'addition de phosphite d'huile de jojoba, et en une huile de jojoba sulfurée.
  2. Base lubrifiante de la revendication 1, comprenant 0,1 % à 20 % (p/p) d'huile de jojoba, 0,1 % à 5 % (p/p) d'huile de jojoba sulfurée, et 0,1 % à 5 % (p/p) d'un produit d'addition de phosphite d'huile de jojoba.
  3. Base lubrifiante de la revendication 1, comprenant 0,1 % à 20 % (p/p) d'huile de jojoba et 0,1 % à 5 % (p/p) d'un produit d'addition d'huile de jojoba.
  4. Base lubrifiante de la revendication 1 dans laquelle le produit d'addition d'huile de jojoba est un mono- ou un di-produit d'addition du produit réactif de :
    Figure imgb0010
     et d'huile de jojoba, où R est choisi dans le groupe constitué de l'hydrogène, des alkyles C₁₋₁₂, des aryles C₁₋₁₂, des alkaryles C₁₋₁₂, des aralkyles C₁₋₁₂, et des cyclo alkyles C₁₋₁₂.
  5. Base lubrifiante de la revendication 4 où R est du butyle.
  6. Base lubrifiante de la revendication 4 où le point d'attachement du produit d'addition de phosphite sur la partie d'huile de jojoba se situe à une double liaison carbone-carbone.
  7. Base lubrifiante de la revendication 1 et choisi dans le groupe consistant en :
    Figure imgb0011
     A-Sx-A, et les combinaisons des deux,
    où x est compris entre 1 et 3 et A est de l'huile de jojoba.
  8. Composition lubrifiante ayant des propriétés antifriction, comprenant des propriétés antiusure et de charge, comprenant un fluide de base et une base lubrifiante comprenant un mélange d'huile de jojoba, d'un produit d'addition de phosphite d'huile de jojoba, et d'une huile de jojoba sulfurée.
  9. Composition lubrifiante de la revendication 8 dans laquelle le fluide de base est choisi dans le groupe consistant en une huile hydrocarburée, un hydrocarbure synthétique, un lubrifiant à base d'ester, une huile minérale, un mélange d'huile minérale, d'hydrocarbure synthétique et de lubrifiant à base d'ester, une graisse minérale à base d'huile, et une graisse synthétique à base d'hydrocarbure.
  10. Composition lubrifiante de la revendication 8 dans laquelle le constituant de base lubrifiante comprend 0,1 % à 20 % (p/p) d'huile de jojoba, 0,1 % à 5 % (p/p) d'huile de jojoba sulfurée, et 0,1 % à 5 % (p/p) d'un produit d'addition de phosphite d'huile de jojoba.
  11. Composition lubrifiante de la revendication 8 dans laquelle le constituant de base lubrifiante comprend 0,1 % à 20 % (p/p) d'huile de jojoba et 0,1 % à 5 % (p/p) d'un produit d'addition de phosphite d'huile de jojoba.
  12. Composition lubrifiante de la revendication 8 dans laquelle le produit d'addition de phosphite d'huile de jojoba est un mono- ou un di-produit d'addition du produit réactif de :
    Figure imgb0012
     et d'huile de jojoba, dans lequel R est choisi dans le groupe constitué de l'hydrogène, des alkyles C₁₋₁₂, des aryles C₁₋₁₂, des alkaryles C₁₋₁₂, des aralkyles C₁₋₁₂ et des cyclo alkyles C₁₋₁₂.
  13. Composition lubrifiante de la revendication 12 dans laquelle R est choisi dans le groupe constitué des alkyles C₄₋₈, des alkaryles C₄₋₈, des aralkyles C₄₋₈, et des cyclo alkyles C₄₋₈.
  14. Composition lubrifiante de la revendication 12 dans laquelle R est du butyle.
  15. Composition lubrifiante de la revendication 12 dans laquelle le point d'attachement de la partie du produit d'addition de phosphite sur la partie d'huile de jojoba se situe à une double liaison carbone-carbone.
EP88113441A 1987-08-21 1988-08-18 Composition lubrifiantes contenant une huile de jojoba et un dérivé d'huile de jojoba Expired - Lifetime EP0308651B1 (fr)

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AT88113441T ATE78865T1 (de) 1987-08-21 1988-08-18 Schmiermittel auf der basis von joyobaoel und joyobaoelderivaten.

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US8818687A 1987-08-21 1987-08-21
US88186 1987-08-21

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AT (1) ATE78865T1 (fr)
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Cited By (1)

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US10294405B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2019-05-21 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Oil-based drilling fluid employing jojoba oil

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DE3906759C2 (de) * 1989-03-03 1997-01-30 Fuchs Petrolub Ag Oel & Chemie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schmierung eines Verbrennungsmotors
JPH02311529A (ja) * 1989-05-26 1990-12-27 Ube Ind Ltd 金属含有多環状芳香族重合体並びにその製造方法
CN1037113C (zh) * 1993-10-12 1998-01-21 中国石油化工总公司石油化工科学研究院 录音机芯润滑脂及其制备方法
EP1544279B1 (fr) 2002-08-27 2016-09-28 Nippon Oil Corporation Composition lubrifiante
ES2396282B1 (es) * 2010-06-24 2014-02-05 Luis Carlos SÁNCHEZ HERRERA Empleo del aceite de jojoba como fluido calo-portador (htf).
US11286412B2 (en) 2019-11-04 2022-03-29 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Water-based drilling fluid compositions and methods for drilling subterranean wells
US11760919B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2023-09-19 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Foams for hydrocarbon recovery, wells including such, and methods for use of such
US11840908B2 (en) 2020-10-01 2023-12-12 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Acidizing fluid and method of improving hydrocarbon recovery using the same utilizing a surfactant consisting of an oil mixture
US11359134B2 (en) 2020-10-19 2022-06-14 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Treatment fluids and methods for recovering hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation

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US4152278A (en) * 1978-05-19 1979-05-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Wax esters of vegetable oil fatty acids useful as lubricants
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US10294405B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2019-05-21 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Oil-based drilling fluid employing jojoba oil
US10844268B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2020-11-24 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Biodegradable water-in-oil emulsion drilling fluid
US10844267B2 (en) 2015-10-29 2020-11-24 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Jojoba oil drilling fluid

Also Published As

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EP0308651A3 (en) 1989-07-12
DE3873237D1 (de) 1992-09-03
EP0308651A2 (fr) 1989-03-29
DE3873237T2 (de) 1992-12-10
CA1313180C (fr) 1993-01-26
ATE78865T1 (de) 1992-08-15
AU602422B2 (en) 1990-10-11
JPH01131300A (ja) 1989-05-24
AU2104688A (en) 1989-02-23

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