EP0308651A2 - Schmiermittel auf der Basis von Joyobaöl und Joyobaölderivaten - Google Patents
Schmiermittel auf der Basis von Joyobaöl und Joyobaölderivaten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0308651A2 EP0308651A2 EP88113441A EP88113441A EP0308651A2 EP 0308651 A2 EP0308651 A2 EP 0308651A2 EP 88113441 A EP88113441 A EP 88113441A EP 88113441 A EP88113441 A EP 88113441A EP 0308651 A2 EP0308651 A2 EP 0308651A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- jojoba oil
- oil
- jojoba
- adduct
- lubricant base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
- C10M135/06—Esters, e.g. fats
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- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/02—Natural products
- C10M159/08—Fatty oils
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
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- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/46—Textile oils
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricant base composition and lubricant compositions with antifriction properties that contain jojoba oil and jojoba oil derivatives as the active lubricating agents. More specifically, this invention relates to a composition of jojoba oil and a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil and/or a sulfurized jojoba oil that is used in combination to form the active lubricating agents.
- Jojoba oil is a natural mixture of straight-chain, unsaturated, monocarboxylic acid esters comprising primarily C18 to C24 monounsaturated alcohols esterified with C18 to C24 monounsaturated acids. The double bond is located predominantly in the C9 position in both the alcohol and acid portion of the esters. Jojoba oil is conventionally cold-pressed from the seed of Simmondsia chinensis , a desert shrub native to California, Arizona, and Mexico.
- Jojoba oil and many of its derivatives have been disclosed in the literature. Jojoba oil has been used primarily in cosmetics and hair shampoos, but has also been disclosed as useful as a lubricant.
- Arndt United States Patent 4,557,841 refers to jojoba oil as a lubricating additive and useful in the range of 0.1% to 10% (w/w) in a motor oil with a standard motor oil formulation.
- Kuble United States Patent 2,921,874, refers to the use of jojoba oil as a cold forming lubricant for use in cold extrusion of metals.
- Brown et al. United States Patent 4,360,387, refer to the use of isomorphous compositions of trans-isomerates of jojoba oil as useful as food machinery lubricants.
- Hollinshead United States Patent 3,849,323, refers to blended petroleum products for lubrication containing a natural oil, such as jojoba oil.
- German Patent 3,309,211 refers to the reaction of jojoba oil with P2S5 at high temperature and under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- German Patent 3,327,127 refers to the use of jojoba oil in a sulfochlorinated mixture to improve anticorrosion or antiwear properties.
- jojoba oil as a lubricating derivative or agent in the prior art has been confined to single-agent use, i.e., jojoba oil and sulfurized derivatives of jojoba oil have been used individually as single agents in the art. There remains, however, much room for improvement of lubricating properties for automotive and marine oils, cutting fluids, precoat oils, metal-working oils, ATFs, gear oils, and way lubricants.
- the present invention represents novel compositions which are superior to prior art lubricants for use in many well-known applications.
- the present invention provides a lubricant base and lubricating compositions containing a mixture of at least two of the following three compounds, jojoba oil, sulfurized jojoba oil, and a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil.
- the compositions of the present invention provide superior lubricating characteristics, having antifriction characteristics and antiwear and load-carrying properties that are superior to any one compound alone. Improved antifriction characteristics may result in reduced fuel consumption for internal-combustion engines and lowered operating temperatures when used in engines and other industrial machinery.
- the present invention provides for cutting fluids, precoat oils, metal-working oils, ATFs, gear oils, way lubricants, greases, aviation oils, textile lubricants, hydraulic oils, circulating oils, steam cylinder oils, spindle oils, fire-resistant fluids, and automotive and marine oils that incorporate the inventive lubricant base as the active lubricating agent.
- the present invention comprises a lubricant base and a lubricating composition with antifriction properties, including antiwear and load-carrying properties, consisting of a lubricant base and a base fluid.
- the lubricant base comprises a mixture of two or three of the ingredients selected from the group consisting of jojoba oil, a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil, and sulfurized jojoba oil.
- the amounts of ingredients used in the compositions of this invention are based upon the final lubricating composition.
- the lubricant base can comprise about 0.1% to about 20% (w/w) jojoba oil and about 0.1% to about 5% (w/w) sulfurized jojoba oil.
- the lubricant base can comprise about 0.1% to about 20% (w/w) jojoba oil, about 0.1% to about 5% (w/w) sulfurized jojoba oil, and about 0.1% to about 5% (w/w) of a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil.
- Another lubricant base combination can comprise about 0.1% to about 20% (w/w) jojoba oil and about 0.1% to about 5% (w/w) of a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil.
- the lubricant base must contain a mixture of at least two of the three ingredients selected from the group consisting of jojoba oil, a phosphite adduct of jojoba oil, and a sulfurized jojoba oil, and possibly all three of these ingredients.
- the lubricant base is mixed with a base fluid to make a lubricating composition with antifriction properties, including antiwear and load-carrying properties.
- lubricating compositions include cutting fluids, precoat oils, metal-working oils, ATFs, gear oils, way lubricants, greases, aviation oils, textile lubricants, hydraulic oils, circulating oils, steam cylinder oils, spindle oils, fire-resistant fluids, and automotive and marine oils.
- base fluids examples include hydrocarbon oil; synthetic hydrocarbon; an ester-based lubricant; a mineral oil; a mixture of a mineral oil and an ester-based lubricant; a mixture of mineral oil, synthetic hydrocarbon, and an ester-based lubricant; a mineral oil-based grease; and a synthetic hydrocarbon-based grease.
- the base fluids are:
- R C4 ⁇ 8 alkyl, C4 ⁇ 8 alkaryl, C4 ⁇ 8 aralkyl, and cyclo C4 ⁇ 8 alkyl.
- R is n-butyl.
- jojoba oil has two carbon-carbon double bonds.
- the phosphite adduct can be a diadduct or a monoadduct of the jojoba oil.
- R is butyl as follows: wherein j and k are defined as above.
- lubricant base and lubricating compositions are provided in the Tables 1 and 2.
- the attached tables also provide performance results from standard tests, including low-velocity friction apparatus, the 4-ball wear test, and the Falex test.
- the procedures for each test are as follows.
- the measurement of friction as related to rolling, drawing, and other metal-working operations depends upon the surface of the tool and workpiece and the viscosity and chemical makeup of the lubricant, as well as the pressure and temperature developed during processing.
- the 4-ball wear test machine provides, under controlled testing conditions, a procedure for measuring friction.
- the machine consists of three balls touching each other and clamped together in a horizontal plane.
- a fourth ball touches three clamped balls by being positioned between the three and is driven by a motor so that it revolves in contact with the clamped balls.
- the rotation takes place within a reservoir containing a test lubricant.
- a temperature-measuring device, as well as a heater provides a method for controlling the temperature of the test fluid.
- the rotating ball is loaded and then rotated for a specific time at a specific speed.
- the scar patterns developed on the balls are measured. Any stains are observed, the diameter of the scar is measured, and the coefficient of friction is calculated by dividing the tangential force by the normal force at the ball surface.
- the low-velocity friction apparatus is used to measure the friction of test lubricants under various loads, temperatures, and sliding speeds.
- the LVFA consists of a flat steel surface (diameter 1.5 inches) which is attached to a drive shaft and rotated over a stationary, raised, narrow ringed steel surface (area 0.08 inch2). Both surfaces are submerged in the test lubricant. Friction between the steel surfaces is measured as a function of the sliding speed at a lubricant temperature of 250°F. The friction between the rubbing surfaces is measured using a torque arm/strain gauge system.
- the strain gauge output which is calibrated to be equal to the coefficient of friction, is fed to the Y-axis of an X-Y plotter.
- the speed signal from the tachometer-generator is fed to the X-axis.
- the Falex test consists of a method for measuring the torque and friction developed during rotation of a pin between two stationary V blocks.
- the pin as well as the V blocks can be made of various materials.
- the temperature of the lubricant bath into which the pin and V block are placed may also be varied.
- the load is applied by a ratchet arrangement. Wear measurements made above the transition pressure, that is, the load at which the lubricant film breaks down, can be a useful parameter if carried out under conditions comparable to actual operations.
- Tables 1 and 2 illustrate base fluids, jojoba oil in base fluids, jojoba oil with a dibutyl phosphite adduct plus base fluid, a jojoba oil plus dibutyl phosphite adduct and sulfurized jojoba oil plus base fluid for the LVFA test, the Falex wear test, and the 4-ball wear test.
- the two tables illustrate the improved lubricating properties of the compositions of the present invention.
- TABLE 1 Compound Wt.% LVFA, % Reduction in Coefficient of Friction Sliding Speed 5 ft./min. Sliding Speed 5 ft./min.
- the lubricant base may be added to different base fluids to obtain a composition having a variety of end-use applications. Examples of end-use applications with different base fluids are listed in Table 3. TABLE 3 Application Base Fluid Viscosity SUS @ 100°F Auto Engine Oil Mineral Oil and/or Ester Fluid and/or Synthetic Hydrocarbon Oils 100-200 Metal-Working Lubricant Mineral Oils 100-200 Gear Lubricant Mineral Oils 300-3000 Application Base Fluid Viscosity SUS @ 100°F Textile Lubricant Polyethyleneglycols Polypropyleneglycols 1000-3000 Aviation Oils Pentaerithritol Esters and Trimethylolpropane Esters 100-150 Grease Mineral Oil Synthetic Hydrocarbons 100-2000 Hydraulic Oils Mineral Oils Synthetic Hydrocarbons 100-300 Circulating Oils Mineral Oils Synthetic Hydrocarbon 900-3000 Gas Engine Oils Mineral Oils Synthetic Hydrocarbons 350-600 Diesel Engine Oils Mineral Oils, Esters and Synthetic Hydrocarbons 600-1000 ATFs Mineral Oils Syn
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88113441T ATE78865T1 (de) | 1987-08-21 | 1988-08-18 | Schmiermittel auf der basis von joyobaoel und joyobaoelderivaten. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US8818687A | 1987-08-21 | 1987-08-21 | |
US88186 | 1987-08-21 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0308651A2 true EP0308651A2 (de) | 1989-03-29 |
EP0308651A3 EP0308651A3 (en) | 1989-07-12 |
EP0308651B1 EP0308651B1 (de) | 1992-07-29 |
Family
ID=22209875
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88113441A Expired - Lifetime EP0308651B1 (de) | 1987-08-21 | 1988-08-18 | Schmiermittel auf der Basis von Joyobaöl und Joyobaölderivaten |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0308651B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH01131300A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE78865T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU602422B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA1313180C (de) |
DE (1) | DE3873237T2 (de) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0353872A1 (de) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-02-07 | International Lubricants, Inc. | Derivate von pflanzlichen Ölen als Schmieröladditive |
DE3906759A1 (de) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-09-06 | Fuchs Petrolub Ag Oel & Chemie | Schmierung eines verbrennungsmotors fuer kraftfahrzeuge u. dgl. sowie verbrennungsmotor fuer kaftfahrzeuge u. dgl. mit einer einrichtung zur motorschmierung |
CN1037113C (zh) * | 1993-10-12 | 1998-01-21 | 中国石油化工总公司石油化工科学研究院 | 录音机芯润滑脂及其制备方法 |
WO2004020557A1 (ja) | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-11 | Nippon Oil Corporation | 潤滑油組成物 |
ES2396282A1 (es) * | 2010-06-24 | 2013-02-20 | Luis Carlos SÁNCHEZ HERRERA | Empleo del aceite de jojoba como fluido calo-portador (htf). |
US11286412B2 (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2022-03-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Water-based drilling fluid compositions and methods for drilling subterranean wells |
US11359134B2 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2022-06-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Treatment fluids and methods for recovering hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation |
US11760919B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2023-09-19 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Foams for hydrocarbon recovery, wells including such, and methods for use of such |
US11840908B2 (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2023-12-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Acidizing fluid and method of improving hydrocarbon recovery using the same utilizing a surfactant consisting of an oil mixture |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02311529A (ja) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-12-27 | Ube Ind Ltd | 金属含有多環状芳香族重合体並びにその製造方法 |
US10294405B2 (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2019-05-21 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Oil-based drilling fluid employing jojoba oil |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2212899A (en) * | 1937-09-20 | 1940-08-27 | Union Oil Co | Sulphurized lubricating oil |
US4130495A (en) * | 1975-12-02 | 1978-12-19 | Ben-Gurion University Of The Negev Research And Development Authority | Liquid jojoba oil derivatives |
US4152278A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1979-05-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Wax esters of vegetable oil fatty acids useful as lubricants |
DE3309211A1 (de) * | 1982-03-23 | 1983-09-29 | Ben-Gurion University Of The Negev Research And Development Authority, Beer Sheva | Fluessige jojoba-oel-derivate, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und diese derivate enthaltende schmiermittel-zusammensetzungen |
US4557841A (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1985-12-10 | Wynn Oil Company | Lubricant additive concentrate |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3723313A (en) * | 1971-03-24 | 1973-03-27 | Mobil Oil Corp | Lubricant useful in metal working |
US3849323A (en) * | 1972-04-24 | 1974-11-19 | Weiner T | Friction-reducing petroleum mixtures and method of making same |
US3956154A (en) * | 1974-02-11 | 1976-05-11 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Hydraulic fluid system |
-
1988
- 1988-08-17 AU AU21046/88A patent/AU602422B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-08-18 EP EP88113441A patent/EP0308651B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-18 AT AT88113441T patent/ATE78865T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-08-18 DE DE8888113441T patent/DE3873237T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-19 CA CA000575297A patent/CA1313180C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-08-22 JP JP63207994A patent/JPH01131300A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2212899A (en) * | 1937-09-20 | 1940-08-27 | Union Oil Co | Sulphurized lubricating oil |
US4130495A (en) * | 1975-12-02 | 1978-12-19 | Ben-Gurion University Of The Negev Research And Development Authority | Liquid jojoba oil derivatives |
US4152278A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1979-05-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Wax esters of vegetable oil fatty acids useful as lubricants |
DE3309211A1 (de) * | 1982-03-23 | 1983-09-29 | Ben-Gurion University Of The Negev Research And Development Authority, Beer Sheva | Fluessige jojoba-oel-derivate, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und diese derivate enthaltende schmiermittel-zusammensetzungen |
US4557841A (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1985-12-10 | Wynn Oil Company | Lubricant additive concentrate |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0353872A1 (de) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-02-07 | International Lubricants, Inc. | Derivate von pflanzlichen Ölen als Schmieröladditive |
AU620118B2 (en) * | 1988-07-19 | 1992-02-13 | International Lubricants Inc. | Vegetable oil derivatives as lubricant additives |
DE3906759A1 (de) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-09-06 | Fuchs Petrolub Ag Oel & Chemie | Schmierung eines verbrennungsmotors fuer kraftfahrzeuge u. dgl. sowie verbrennungsmotor fuer kaftfahrzeuge u. dgl. mit einer einrichtung zur motorschmierung |
CN1037113C (zh) * | 1993-10-12 | 1998-01-21 | 中国石油化工总公司石油化工科学研究院 | 录音机芯润滑脂及其制备方法 |
WO2004020557A1 (ja) | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-11 | Nippon Oil Corporation | 潤滑油組成物 |
US7696137B2 (en) | 2002-08-27 | 2010-04-13 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Lubricating oil compositions |
ES2396282A1 (es) * | 2010-06-24 | 2013-02-20 | Luis Carlos SÁNCHEZ HERRERA | Empleo del aceite de jojoba como fluido calo-portador (htf). |
US11286412B2 (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2022-03-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Water-based drilling fluid compositions and methods for drilling subterranean wells |
US11441061B2 (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2022-09-13 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Water-based drilling fluid compositions and methods for drilling subterranean wells |
US11760919B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2023-09-19 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Foams for hydrocarbon recovery, wells including such, and methods for use of such |
US11840908B2 (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2023-12-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Acidizing fluid and method of improving hydrocarbon recovery using the same utilizing a surfactant consisting of an oil mixture |
US11359134B2 (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2022-06-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Treatment fluids and methods for recovering hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3873237T2 (de) | 1992-12-10 |
DE3873237D1 (de) | 1992-09-03 |
EP0308651A3 (en) | 1989-07-12 |
CA1313180C (en) | 1993-01-26 |
AU602422B2 (en) | 1990-10-11 |
AU2104688A (en) | 1989-02-23 |
JPH01131300A (ja) | 1989-05-24 |
EP0308651B1 (de) | 1992-07-29 |
ATE78865T1 (de) | 1992-08-15 |
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