EP0306503A1

EP0306503A1 - Electric discharge machine with electrode exchanger

Info

Publication number: EP0306503A1
Application number: EP19880901009
Authority: EP
Inventors: Armin Feisel; Hans-Ulrich Fermner
Original assignee: Reishauer AG
Current assignee: Reishauer AG
Priority date: 1987-02-01
Filing date: 1988-02-01
Publication date: 1989-03-15
Also published as: EP0283430A2; CH675384A5; EP0283430A3; WO1988005709A1

Abstract

Une machine d'étincelage est pourvue d'un magasin d'électrodes (11) entièrement placé derrière la machine, à l'arrière de la zone où se trouvent les guides d'axes de coordonnées (X). Au moins une ouverture (25, 26) servant au passage des électrodes (1) durant l'opération d'échange est ménagée entre la zone utile de l'électrode outil (1) et le magasin d'électrodes (11) se trouvant derrière la machine. Au moins un poste de transfert (C, E) destiné à l'échange des électrodes est disposé dans la zone de la table de machine (3). En attaquant de façon appropriée l'échangeur d'électrodes (10), on peut obtenir un accès échelonné à une seule et même électrode depuis divers emplacements sur la table de machine. Un poste de commande (30) pour l'opérateur, pouvant se déplacer sur toute la largeur de la machine sur un rail de guidage (31), est particulièrement avantageux.A sparking machine is provided with an electrode magazine (11) entirely located behind the machine, at the rear of the area where the coordinate axis guides (X) are located. At least one opening (25, 26) for the passage of the electrodes (1) during the exchange operation is formed between the useful area of the tool electrode (1) and the electrode magazine (11) located behind the machine. At least one transfer station (C, E) for exchanging the electrodes is arranged in the area of the machine table (3). By properly attacking the electrode exchanger (10), staggered access to a single electrode can be obtained from various locations on the machine table. A control station (30) for the operator, which can move over the entire width of the machine on a guide rail (31), is particularly advantageous.

Description

SPARK EDM MACHINE WITH ELECTRODE CHANGER

The invention relates to a spark erosion machine with an electrode changer according to the preamble of claim 1.

Spark erosion machines are increasingly being used in automatic production facilities "around the clock". Guided by an NC control, the machine carries out previously programmed work steps, whereby the erosion tools are switched between individual processing steps. They are stored in an electrode changer which is connected to the machine. Since the manufacture of the electrodes is very complex, there is great interest, in particular in production plants, to make optimal use of the expensive electrodes. In practice, in particular for machines for processing large workpieces, there is no satisfactory solution for integrating an electrode changer into the machine and in the predominantly automatically controlled process flow. The previous technology provides that an electrode magazine is provided on the machine, in which those electrodes are contained which are necessary for machining a workpiece that is currently on the machine table. When using one of the tools from the magazine, all others remain unused. If there are several machines for parallel processing of the same workpieces, a complete set of tools must be available on each machine. In the case of complicated workpieces, this can involve considerable expenditure, so that the parallel and thus effective machining of this type is occasionally dispensed with for cost reasons. In series production, there is a risk that tool electrodes of the same type wear differently on different machines, so that the dimensional tolerances of the workpieces fluctuate more than desired within the series.

In the case of large machines, the necessary widening of the work table creates additional difficulties for the integration of an automatic electrode changer. Because of the long way and thus the time involved in transferring the electrodes, the overall occupancy of the machine for machining a workpiece with frequent electrode changes increases noticeably.

An automatic tool changing device is known from EP-0 111 633, in which the tool magazine is connected to the movable tool holder on the machine and is preferably arranged over the projected base of the machine work table. This arrangement is considered space-saving for certain applications. In the case of larger electrodes, however, the entire electrode holder and its guide, also called the sleeve, are loaded with a considerable additional weight which interferes with the mobility of this assembly, which can be moved under coordinate control. In addition, the magazine attachment would undesirably restrict the accessibility to the machine table or to the workpiece in the case of larger electrodes.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a spark erosion machine with an electrode magazine which ensures better use of valuable tools and at the same time improves the possibility of using the system to achieve optimum productivity. In addition, the uniform product quality in series production should be guaranteed within narrow tolerance limits. The free access to the working area of the machine should be ensured.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features defined in the patent claims.

The decisive advantage of this measure lies essentially in the fact that the electrodes can be rotated at several transfer stations, even in the case of wide machines, so that the occupancy times of the machines also vary Have the machining of large workpieces optimized with frequent electrode changes. In addition, multiple access to the electrode magazine enables the use of individual electrodes within a magazine to be improved. The quill is not burdened by the additional weight of the electrode magazine.

If several processing stations or several autonomous tables are provided on the machine, access to a common electrode magazine is also possible in this case. The utilization of the electrodes within the magazine is thus further improved since the resting times of the electrodes are reduced. The processing of mass products can be carried out more efficiently than with conventional machines.

The electrodes preferably hanging in a magazine have a simple clamping device which interacts with a suitable transfer device between the electrode holder on the machine and the electrode magazine. Immediately after processing, the electrodes hang above the dirt tank of the dielectric unit, as a result of which the usually critical cleaning problem is particularly advantageously solved.

By laying the electrode magazine on the rear part of the machine, both sides are free next to the machine bed. This room can be particularly advantageous Use way for an operating console that can be moved along the front edge of the machine bed and on both sides of the machine, which results in a significant improvement in the operability of the machine, in particular when setting up.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of preferred exemplary embodiments with the aid of the drawings. Show it:

1 is a top view of a sinking erosion machine with de auxiliary units,

Fig. 2 is a partially sectioned side view of the machine of FIG. 1, and

3 shows the front view of the machine according to FIG. 1.

The spark erosion machine shown in the figures, which is designed as a sinking erosion machine, has, as an essential component, a sleeve 2 for receiving a tool electrode 1, and a machine table 3 arranged underneath it, under which in turn a dielectric container is located 4 is located. The complete machine also includes a load-bearing machine bed 5 and auxiliary units, namely a dielectric unit for processing the dielectric used, with a dirt tank 6 for holding the dielectric coming from the machine and a clean tank 7 in which the processed dielectric is stored. A generator for generating the desired discharge pulses and a machine control are provided as further components of the machine, not shown in the figures.

These auxiliary units are arranged around the actual machine in such a way that an operating area A remains free and unhindered access to the machining part of the machine is ensured. Suitable machine controls in the X, Y and Z directions allow the electrode 1 to be positioned as desired relative to the workpiece. In the example, X, Y and Z coordinate slides are provided with which the sleeve 2 and thus the tool electrode 1 are guided. There are also other tours, e.g. It is also possible to guide the machine table and thus the workpiece electrode.

In the machine an electrode changer 10 vor¬ is further seen that cooperates with an electrode _magazine 11 and the spindle sleeve. 2 The magazine 11 is arranged in the rear area of the machine, in particular behind the X coordinate slide. In the example, it is located directly above the dirt tank 6 and can be rotated in the horizontal plane. The magazine consists of a box-like drive and holding part for the machining electrodes, which are arranged in a hanging manner in the magazine. The hanging arrangement has the advantage that the electrodes do not have to be rotated or turned during the transfer to the quill 2 for the purpose of workpiece machining, but in the same position brought out of the magazine to the quill and can be attached there in the same position. Both the electrode 1 and the sleeve 2 are equipped with a corresponding quick-action clamping device, which ensures that the electrodes are taken over and held particularly quickly and expediently.

The electrodes are transferred between the magazine 11 behind the machine stand and the sleeve 2 by at least one opening 25, 26, which is provided in the machine stand 8, with the aid of the electrode changer 10 mentioned. The openings 25, 26 can preferably be closed , e.g. by a flap to protect the inside of the machine from dirt.

The electrode changer 10 consists of a swivel arm 20, which is mounted on a vertical axis of rotation 21 and has receiving positions 22A and 22B for the electrodes at both ends thereof. The changer 10 is inside the opening 25 or 26 parallel to the Y direction of the machine control e.g. movable on rails 28.

In order to change a first electrode located in the sleeve 2 by a second electrode brought up by the magazine 11, the sleeve is moved under program control into one of the preprogrammed transfer stations, for example into the transfer station C. In a magazine transfer station D, the changer 10 has now the new second electrode from the _M agazine 11 adopted in its accommodating position 22A. In the rails 28, the changer 10 moves forward to the transfer station C to the sleeve 2, takes the used first electrode out of the sleeve 2 with the second, empty receiving position 22B, swivels about its axis of rotation 21 and transfers the new, second electrode from the pick-up position 22A to the sleeve 2. Then the changer 10 moves back without pivoting back into the magazine transfer station D in order to level the used second electrode from its pick-up position 22B to the magazine 11.

The procedure described allows very fast and - as described below - multiple access to the electrode magazine 11, the swivel arm 20 only having to perform a few swivel movements. Overall, the changer 10 performs only a few uncomplicated and easy to control movements when changing the electrodes.

The arrangement of the revolving magazine 11 behind the X-slide has the decisive advantage that several processing stations arranged next to one another on the same or adjacent processing tables can be operated by the same electrode magazine 11. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, a second machine table 23 is provided as an example, which can even have its own dielectric container 24. A second identical workpiece can be machined on this table the electrode changer 10 has access to the common electrode magazine 11 at a second transfer station E through the second housing opening 26 in a second magazine transfer station F. In this case, a certain phase shift in processing is advantageous, so that the access to the individual electrodes can be staggered in a program-controlled manner and there are no overlaps. This can be ensured by simple measures in the machine control program.

The X coordinate slide, which in the example is broken through by the openings 25, 26, can be designed as a stable box construction, so that the inclusion of the openings in this component additionally increases its stability significantly.

Even on a single, very wide machine table, several transfer stations C, E for the electrode changer 10 can lead to a simplified and expedient movement sequence.

The operation of the machine described can be particularly advantageously and expediently simplified by an additional device shown below as an example. In order for the machine to be set up with the greatest precision and with the desired reliability, even with wide tables of, for example, 2.5 m width, possibly with several processing places, is one along the Machine table 3 or the machine tables 3, 23 displaceable only operating console 30 is provided. The console 30 is pivotally mounted on an arm 32 and is guided by a running and guide rail 31, which in the preferred example runs along the front lower edge of the machine housing under the machine table and is guided laterally in a slight curve around the machine table area .

A contact strip 33, which reacts when touched, is arranged directly on the housing of the console 30 and acts on a braking device between the console arm and the guide rail 31. The contact strip can be designed as an electrical or pressure-electrical sensor. Upon contact, an otherwise locked brake 34 is released with respect to the rail 31, so that the bracket can be moved freely along the rail. As soon as the contact strip is released, the brake 34 operates again. This type of brake actuation can advantageously also be extended to rotary and / or swivel joints of the console arm 32. In addition, the bracket 30 can be adjustable in height.

The console 30 connected to the pivotable arm 32 with the guide rail 31 contributes significantly to the practical implementation of the concept of the unconventionally wide machine described above. The machine can be operated individually from any point using the single console. It is no longer necessary between several Switching brackets if you need to switch from one side of the machine table to the other during setup. In combination with the electrode magazine, which is also common to several processing stations, the concept of a combined erosion processing station is thus realized, which is suitable for universal and automated operation, with the further advantages listed at the beginning.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Spark erosion machine with tool electrode quill (2) with workpiece electrode table (3), with coordinate guides (X, Y, Z) for at least one of the electrodes, with electrode magazine (11) and electrode changer (10) and with a machine control and associated operator station (30), characterized in that the electrode magazine (11) is arranged completely on the back of the machine, behind the area of the coordinate guides (X), that between the working area for the tool electrode (1) and the electrode magazine (11) arranged on the rear of the machine is provided with at least one opening (25, 26) for passing electrodes (1) during the changing process and in the area of the machine table (3) at least one transfer station (C, E for changing electrodes) is provided.

2. _F erosion machine according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the electrode changer (10) is provided with means for receiving the electrodes (1) in the same position in which the electrodes are clamped on the quill (2), and that the electrode changer is designed as a double-arm swivel arm (20), which can be rotated about a vertical swivel axis (21) and through the openings (25, 26) between the transfer stations (C, E) and transfer stations (D, F) in Area of the electrode magazine (11) is movable.

3. EDM machine according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that at least one opening (25, 26) is provided for performing the electrodes in the X-coordinate slide of the electrode guide.

4. Spark erosion machine according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that at least two machine tables (3, 23) are provided, each with an electrode transfer station (C, E) with access to the common electrode magazine.

5. Spark erosion machine according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that in the cutting area of each opening (25, 26) with the machine table (3) each a transfer station (C, E) is provided for the electrode change and that in the rear cutting area of each opening (25, 26) with the electrode magazine (11) each have a transfer station (D, F) between the electrode changer (10) and the magazine (11).

6. Spark erosion machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the electrode changer (10) is connected to the machine control, in which means for the staggered access of the first transfer station (C) or the second transfer station (E) to the common one Electrode memories (11) are provided, so that there is phase-shifted access by the various transfer stations (C, E) to one and the same electrode within the electrode magazine (11).

7. Spark erosion machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a dirt tank (6) belonging to the dielectric unit is arranged below the electrode magazine (11).

8. Spark erosion machine according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the operating station (30) is designed as a control console, which is movable on a rail guide (31) over the entire width of the machine.

9. spark erosion machine according to claim 8, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the rail (31) is guided parallel to the front edge of the machine table (3, 23) and around the front edges of the machine ne in the area of the side walls of the machine.

10. EDM machine according to claim 9, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a manually triggerable contactor (32) is arranged on the operating console (30), that the console guide is provided with braking devices and that the contactor (32) with the braking devices in radio ¬ tion connection is.