EP0305707A2 - Mixer for making mortar consisting of granular binding agents, in particular plaster - Google Patents

Mixer for making mortar consisting of granular binding agents, in particular plaster Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0305707A2
EP0305707A2 EP88111388A EP88111388A EP0305707A2 EP 0305707 A2 EP0305707 A2 EP 0305707A2 EP 88111388 A EP88111388 A EP 88111388A EP 88111388 A EP88111388 A EP 88111388A EP 0305707 A2 EP0305707 A2 EP 0305707A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor disc
housing
mixer
water
gypsum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88111388A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0305707A3 (en
EP0305707B1 (en
Inventor
Kurt Eberhardt
Reinhold Nibbrig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grenzebach BSH GmbH
Grenzebach GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Babcock BSH AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE3729233A external-priority patent/DE3729233C1/en
Priority claimed from DE8711865U external-priority patent/DE8711865U1/en
Application filed by Babcock BSH AG filed Critical Babcock BSH AG
Priority to AT88111388T priority Critical patent/ATE68398T1/en
Publication of EP0305707A2 publication Critical patent/EP0305707A2/en
Publication of EP0305707A3 publication Critical patent/EP0305707A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0305707B1 publication Critical patent/EP0305707B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/16—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a vertical or steeply inclined axis
    • B28C5/166—Pan-type mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/70—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material
    • B01F25/74—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with rotating parts, e.g. discs
    • B01F25/743—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with rotating parts, e.g. discs the material being fed on both sides of a part rotating about a vertical axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/80—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis
    • B01F25/85—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis wherein the particles fall onto a film that flows along the inner wall of a mixer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/93—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with rotary discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/28—Mixing cement, mortar, clay, plaster or concrete ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixer for producing mortar from fine-grained binder, in particular gypsum, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • gypsum powder hemihydrate
  • additives with water in the gypsum mixer are processed to gypsum paste, which is distributed on a continuously moving endless belt and sets there.
  • the set gypsum (dihydrate) is then cut into plates.
  • Water, gypsum powder and additives are fed onto the rotating rotor disc from above.
  • the centrifugal force transports the solid and liquid substances out between the pins. They are mixed and, if available, through the coarse toothing of the rotor disc.
  • the gypsum slurry flows through one or more outlets onto the belt.
  • a disadvantage of these mixers is that due to the constant supply of new material, gypsum pulp gets under the rotor disk into the space between the rotor disk and the housing base and sets. The resulting hard dihydrate deposits block or jam the rotor disc. They are ground and lead to signs of wear. The ground dihydrate deposits are discharged together with the gypsum paste from the gypsum mixer onto the belt.
  • the dihydrate particles form inert nests in the gypsum paste from non-setting dihydrate and selectively accelerate the setting at these points. This leads to irregularly distributed weak and damaged areas in the finished plasterboard. Since the production speed is set to constant setting, a partial acceleration also disrupts the production process.
  • pin mixers Another disadvantage of these pin mixers is that certain qualities of the gypsum board cannot be produced at all or only poorly, because the interlocking rows of pins prevent the intermixing of foam, chips, long glass fibers or other fibrous substances.
  • Supplied foam is broken up by the interlocking pins, larger bubbles form, which leads to an inhomogeneous structure and thus to density fluctuations in the finished panels.
  • Feeded shavings get stuck between the pins and long fibers lay around the pins and form braids. Both effects disrupt the running of the machines, impair the quality of the gypsum paste and lead to great maintenance.
  • pin mixer A major disadvantage of the pin mixer is that dihydrate particles above and below the rotor disc, as well as chips and fibers if necessary, by clogging the plaster mixer, by blocking or jamming of the rotor disc and by signs of wear and tear cause a high repair and maintenance effort.
  • DE-OS 29 31 782 describes a generic mixer in which the pins are replaced by interlocking deflecting vanes and centrifugal pump elements, which increases the efficiency of the mixer.
  • a scraper is attached to the underside of the rotor disc, which protrudes into the small space and serves to remove penetrating gypsum pulp.
  • the scraper has the disadvantage that it wears out and the distance between the rotor disk and the housing base must be readjusted regularly. The adjustment is not possible exactly because you cannot see into the space in between.
  • the deflecting vanes and the centrifugal pump elements are shaped and arranged in such a way that the flow shadow is reduced compared to that of the pin mixer, they also cannot completely prevent the formation of dihydrate particles, which are mixed into the gypsum slurry and which have a severe adverse effect on the quality of the plates and the production process prevent.
  • Interlocking deflecting vanes and centrifugal pump elements also break up the foam supplied and form obstacles for chips and long fibers. With this mixer too, certain qualities of the gypsum board can therefore not be produced or can only be produced inadequately.
  • This mixer also incurs additional maintenance due to the wear of the deflection blades and centrifugal pump elements.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a mixer according to the preamble of claim 1, with the well-mixed mortar, in particular gypsum paste, can be continuously produced for different qualities with little maintenance.
  • the maintenance effort is significantly reduced.
  • the feature of claim 2 has the manufacturing advantage that in the case of a labyrinthine constriction, the narrowest points can be produced with a small tolerance, so that a sufficiently high flow resistance can be produced in a simple manner.
  • the advantage of the feature of claim 3 is that gypsum powder is fed evenly to the water, so that the substances are mixed as soon as they are supplied. Due to the ring-shaped water inlets and the concave rounding of the rotor disk located below the water inlets, the water is evenly distributed on the rotor disk to form an uninterrupted, smooth film onto which the gypsum powder falls, thereby improving the mixing effect.
  • the gypsum boards have a uniform consistency because the smooth surface of the rotor disk and the cover means that there are no flow shadows and now neither below nor on the rotor disc dihydrate particles are formed. Irregularly distributed weak and damaged areas in the gypsum board due to the enclosed dihydrate and setting at different speeds are avoided.
  • various qualities of finished gypsum board can be produced by mixing in foam, chips or long fibers, whereby foam reduces the specific weight and improves the thermal insulation and chips or fibers increase the flexural strength. Faults caused by chips or fibers stuck between pins no longer occur, which further reduces maintenance.
  • the feature of claim 4 has the advantage that there is no rust on the rotor disk, which would promote the adhesion and setting of the gypsum paste.
  • the plaster mixer arranged in a frame essentially consists of a flat cylindrical housing 1, in which a rotor disk 3 which is rotatable about the vertical housing axis 2 is mounted.
  • a motor 4 for driving the rotor disk 3 is mounted above the housing 1.
  • the rotor disk 3 is made of stainless steel or provided with a wear plate made of stainless material. It has a thickening on the upper side in the vicinity of axis 2, the diameter of which is approximately one third of the disk diameter.
  • the transition between the thickening and the flat outer ring zone has a concave curve 5; i.e. the transition has the shape of a wedge, the flank of which is bent downwards.
  • the rotor disk 3 is smooth on the top and completely free of projections.
  • the rotor disk 3 is provided with coarse teeth 6.
  • the tooth flanks in the direction of rotation e.g. right flanks when turning clockwise in Fig. 3 form an acute angle to the horizontal.
  • the tooth tips extend close to the cylindrical housing wall.
  • rod-shaped scrapers 8 are mounted in the middle that extend close to the housing wall and can be rotated about the housing axis 2 by means of a separate drive 9.
  • the housing cover 7 is completely free of pins and other projecting parts on its underside as well as the top of the rotor disk 3.
  • the housing base 13 In the housing base 13, four outlets 14 for the gypsum slurry are distributed on a semicircle near the edge below the teeth 6.
  • a water supply line 15 In the housing base 13 there is a water supply line 15 provided with a metering device, which is under a pressure of 3 bar. The distance of the water supply line 15 from the axis 2 is smaller than the radius of the area delimited by the toothing 6 of the rotor disk 3.
  • the small space between the housing base 13 and the rotor disk 3 is sealed off from the axis 2 with a stuffing box 16 and has a labyrinthine constriction 17 towards the edge, which encloses the area in which the water supply line 15 is connected. Apart from the four outlets 14 and the opening for the water supply line 15, the housing base 13 is completely free of openings.
  • the constriction 17 is formed by an annular groove 18 in the housing base 13 and a ring 19 immersed in this annular groove 18 on the underside of the rotor disk 3.
  • the immersed ring 19 is located on the edge of the rotor disk 3 within the toothing 6.
  • the narrowest points of the constriction 17 are the lateral distances 20 between the ring groove 18 and the ring 19.
  • 3 solid and liquid substances and possibly aqueous foam are added to the rotor disk from above.
  • the evenly distributed water inlets 10 and the curve 5 lead to an uninterrupted, smooth film onto which the gypsum powder falls, and thereby to a first mixture of the substances supplied.
  • the substances are conveyed outwards by the centrifugal force and through the toothing 6 provided with inclined flanks and the scrapers driven at a somewhat lower speed than the rotor disk 3 8 (speed of the disc 3 eg 291 rpm, speed of the scraper 8 eg 264 rpm) evenly mixed further.
  • the resulting gypsum slurry flows below the teeth 6 through the outlets 14 onto the belt.
  • the mixer is also suitable for the continuous production of lime mortar for plastering large areas, as well as for the production of plastic mortar and mortar based on cement or lime for the production of precast elements.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

Conventional plaster mixers, in which the mixing is carried out by a rotor disc having pins, require a high level of maintenance. Dihydrate particles, and possibly chips and fibres, accumulate in the blind areas downstream of the pins on the rotor disc, and under the rotor disc, resulting in blocking of the rotor disc and impairing the quality of the plaster boards. The invention is intended to reduce the level of maintenance. <??>Some of the mixing water flows outwards, from a meterable water feed (15) between the housing bottom (13) and the rotor disc (3), through an annular constriction (17), so that the rotor disc (3) is floatingly mounted. A continuous film of water, on which the plaster powder falls, is produced on the smooth rotor disc (3) by means of water inlets (19) distributed in a ring in the housing lid (7). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Mischer zum Herstellen von Mörtel aus feinkörnigem Bindemittel, insbesondere Gips, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a mixer for producing mortar from fine-grained binder, in particular gypsum, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Gipsplatten, insbe­sondere Gipskartonplatten, wird Gipspulver (Halbhydrat) und Zusätze mit Wasser im Gipsmischer zu Gipsbrei, der auf einem kontinuierlich bewegten endlosen Band verteilt wird und dort abbindet, verarbeitet. Anschließend wird der ab­gebundene Gips (Dihydrat) zu Platten geschnitten.For the continuous production of gypsum boards, in particular gypsum plasterboards, gypsum powder (hemihydrate) and additives with water in the gypsum mixer are processed to gypsum paste, which is distributed on a continuously moving endless belt and sets there. The set gypsum (dihydrate) is then cut into plates.

Die Schriften US-PS 1 758 200 und US-PS 2 253 059 be­schreiben Gipsmischer, bei denen die Rotorscheibe bzw. die Rotorscheibe und die Unterseite des Gehäusedeckels mit radial oder spiralförmig angeordneten Stiftreihen, ausgestattet sind, wobei die Stiftreihen der Rotorscheibe und des Gehäusedeckels ineinandergreifen.The documents US Pat. No. 1,758,200 and US Pat. No. 2,253,059 describe plaster mixers in which the rotor disk or the rotor disk and the underside of the housing cover are equipped with rows of pins arranged radially or spirally, the rows of pins of the rotor disk and the housing cover interlocking .

Wasser, Gipspulver und Zusätze werden von oben auf die sich drehende Rotorscheibe zugeführt. Durch die Zentri­fugalkraft werden die festen und flüssigen Stoffe zwischen den Stiften hindurch nach außen befördert. Sie werden dabei und, falls vorhanden, durch die grobe Verzahnung der Rotorscheibe gemischt. Am Rand bzw. unterhalb der Ver­zahnung fließt der Gipsbrei durch einen oder mehrere Ausläufe auf das Band.Water, gypsum powder and additives are fed onto the rotating rotor disc from above. The centrifugal force transports the solid and liquid substances out between the pins. They are mixed and, if available, through the coarse toothing of the rotor disc. At the edge or below the toothing, the gypsum slurry flows through one or more outlets onto the belt.

Ein Nachteil dieser Mischer ist, daß durch die ständige Zufuhr neuen Materials Gipsbrei unter die Rotorscheibe in den Zwischenraum zwischen Rotorscheibe und Gehäuseboden gelangt und abbindet. Die entstandenen harten Dihydrat-­Ablagerungen blockieren oder verklemmen die Rotorscheibe. Sie werden zermahlen und führen zu Verschleißerscheinungen. Die zermahlenen Dihydrat-Ablagerungen werden zusammen mit dem Gipsbrei aus dem Gipsmischer auf das Band ausgetragen.A disadvantage of these mixers is that due to the constant supply of new material, gypsum pulp gets under the rotor disk into the space between the rotor disk and the housing base and sets. The resulting hard dihydrate deposits block or jam the rotor disc. They are ground and lead to signs of wear. The ground dihydrate deposits are discharged together with the gypsum paste from the gypsum mixer onto the belt.

Nachteilig ist außerdem , daß die Stiftreihen dieser Mischer Strömungsschatten, in denen sich Gipsbrei anlagert und abbindet, bilden. Es bilden sich Dihydrat-Ansätze, die abbrechen und zu kleinen Teilchen, die ebenfalls mit dem Gipsbrei auf das Band ausgetragen werden, zermahlen werden.Another disadvantage is that the rows of pins of these mixers form flow shadows in which gypsum sludge accumulates and sets. Dihydrate batches form which break off and are ground into small particles which are also carried out on the belt with the gypsum slurry.

Die Dihydrat-Teilchen bilden im Gipsbrei inerte Nester aus nicht abbindefähigem Dihydrat und beschleunigen an diesen Stellen punktuell das Abbinden. Dies führt zu unregelmäßig verteilen Schwach- und Schadstellen in den fertigen Gips­platten. Da die Produktionsgeschwindigkeit auf gleich­bleibendes Abbinden eingestellt ist, verursacht eine teil­weise Beschleunigung außerdem Störungen der Produktionsab­laufes.The dihydrate particles form inert nests in the gypsum paste from non-setting dihydrate and selectively accelerate the setting at these points. This leads to irregularly distributed weak and damaged areas in the finished plasterboard. Since the production speed is set to constant setting, a partial acceleration also disrupts the production process.

Ein weiterer Nachteil dieser Stiftmischer ist, daß be­stimmte Qualitäten der Gipsplatten überhaupt nicht oder nur mangelhaft hergestellt werden können, weil die ineinander­greifenden Stiftreihen das Untermischen von Schaum, Spänen, langen Glasfasern oder anderen faserförmigen Stoffen verhindern.Another disadvantage of these pin mixers is that certain qualities of the gypsum board cannot be produced at all or only poorly, because the interlocking rows of pins prevent the intermixing of foam, chips, long glass fibers or other fibrous substances.

Zugeführter Schaum wird durch die ineinandergreifenden Stifte zerschlagen, es bilden sich größere Blasen, was zu einem inhomogenen Gefüge und damit zu Dichteschwankungen in den fertigen Platten führt.Supplied foam is broken up by the interlocking pins, larger bubbles form, which leads to an inhomogeneous structure and thus to density fluctuations in the finished panels.

Zugeführte Späne klemmen zwischen den Stiften fest und lange Fasern legen sich um die Stifte herum und bilden Zöpfe. Beide Effekte stören den Lauf der Maschinen, beein­trächtigen die Güte des Gipsbreies und führen zu großem Wartungsaufwand.Feeded shavings get stuck between the pins and long fibers lay around the pins and form braids. Both effects disrupt the running of the machines, impair the quality of the gypsum paste and lead to great maintenance.

Auch ohne Zusätze von Spänen oder Fasern unterliegen die Stifte einem ständigen Verschleiß, so daß sie häufig ausgewechselt werden müssen.Even without the addition of shavings or fibers, the pins are subject to constant wear, so that they have to be replaced frequently.

Ein wesentlicher Nachteil der Stiftmischer ist, daß Dihy­drat-Teilchen ober- und unterhalb der Rotorscheibe, sowie ggf. Späne und Fasern, durch Zusetzen des Gipsmischers, durch Blockieren oder Verklemmen der Rotorscheibe und durch Verschleißerscheinungen einen hohen Reparatur- und Wartungsaufwand verursachen.A major disadvantage of the pin mixer is that dihydrate particles above and below the rotor disc, as well as chips and fibers if necessary, by clogging the plaster mixer, by blocking or jamming of the rotor disc and by signs of wear and tear cause a high repair and maintenance effort.

Die DE-OS 29 31 782 beschreibt einen gattungsbildenden Mischer, bei dem die Stifte durch ineinandergreifende Ablenkschaufeln und Kreiselpumpenelemente ersetzt sind, wodurch der Wirkungsgrad des Mischers erhöht wird. Außerdem ist an der Unterseite der Rotorscheibe ein Schaber ange­bracht, der in den kleinen Zwischenraum ragt und dazu dient, eindringenden Gipsbrei zu entfernen.DE-OS 29 31 782 describes a generic mixer in which the pins are replaced by interlocking deflecting vanes and centrifugal pump elements, which increases the efficiency of the mixer. In addition, a scraper is attached to the underside of the rotor disc, which protrudes into the small space and serves to remove penetrating gypsum pulp.

Der Schaber hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß er verschleißt und der Abstand zwischen Rotorscheibe und Gehäuseboden regel­mäßig nachgestellt werden muß. Das Nachstellen ist nicht exakt möglich, weil man in den Zwischenraum nicht hinein­sehen kann.However, the scraper has the disadvantage that it wears out and the distance between the rotor disk and the housing base must be readjusted regularly. The adjustment is not possible exactly because you cannot see into the space in between.

Neben dem Aufwand durch das Nachstellen, den ein solcher Schaber bereitet, kann er wegen der Schwierigkeit des Nach­stellens nicht völlig verhindern, daß Gipsbrei unter die Rotorscheibe gelangt und Dihydrat-Teilchen bildet.In addition to the expense of adjusting such a scraper, because of the difficulty of adjusting it, it cannot completely prevent gypsum slurry from getting under the rotor disk and forming dihydrate particles.

Obwohl die Ablenkschaufeln und die Kreiselpumpenelemente so geformt und angeordnet sind, daß der Strömungsschatten gegenüber dem des Stiftmischers verkleinert ist, können sie ebenfalls die Bildung von Dihydrat-Teilchen, die dem Gips­brei untergemischt werden und die Güte der Platten sowie den Produktionsablauf stark beeinträchtigen, nicht völlig verhindern.Although the deflecting vanes and the centrifugal pump elements are shaped and arranged in such a way that the flow shadow is reduced compared to that of the pin mixer, they also cannot completely prevent the formation of dihydrate particles, which are mixed into the gypsum slurry and which have a severe adverse effect on the quality of the plates and the production process prevent.

Ineinandergreifende Ablenkschaufeln und Kreiselpumpen­elemente zerschlagen ebenfalls zugeführten Schaum und bilden Hindernisse für Späne und lange Fasern. Auch mit diesem Mischer sind daher bestimmte Qualitäten der Gips­platten nicht oder nur mangelhaft herzustellen.Interlocking deflecting vanes and centrifugal pump elements also break up the foam supplied and form obstacles for chips and long fibers. With this mixer too, certain qualities of the gypsum board can therefore not be produced or can only be produced inadequately.

Ebenfalls fällt auch für diesen Mischer durch den Ver­schleiß der Ablenkschaufeln und Kreiselpumpenelemente ein zusätzlicher Wartungsaufwand an.This mixer also incurs additional maintenance due to the wear of the deflection blades and centrifugal pump elements.

In einem weiteren Stiftmischer, der in der DE-OS 36 11 048 beschrieben ist und nicht vorveröffentlicht ist, können gröbere Zusatzstoffe, die sich im Gipsbrei befinden und in den Spalt zwischen der Unterseite der Rotorscheibe und dem Gehäuseboden gelangen, die Rotorscheibe nicht mehr ver­klemmen. Bei diesem Gipsmischer haben an den vorderen Zahn­flanken befestigte Schleißplatten hinter ihren Schneid­kanten, die dicht über den Gehäuseboden hinweggleiten, Freiflächen. Eingedrungene körnige oder faserige Zusatz­stoffe werden durch Abstreifkanten von an der Unterseite der Rotorscheibe angebrachten Abstreifleisten radial nach außen zurückgefördert. Dieser Prozeß wird durch die Spül­wirkung eines Wasser- und eines Luftstroms, die durch den Gehäuseboden eingeführt werden, unterstützt.In a further pin mixer, which is described in DE-OS 36 11 048 and is not previously published, coarse additives which are in the gypsum paste and get into the gap between the underside of the rotor disk and the housing base can no longer jam the rotor disk. With this plaster mixer, wear plates attached to the front tooth flanks have free areas behind their cutting edges, which slide closely over the housing base. Granular or fibrous additives that have penetrated are radially deflected by wiping edges of wiping strips attached to the underside of the rotor disk conveyed back outside. This process is supported by the flushing action of a water and an air flow, which are introduced through the housing bottom.

Auch bei diesem Mischer gelangt Gipsbrei mit gröberen Zu­satzstoffen unter die Rotorscheibe. Dadurch werden die Schleißplatten und die Abstreifleisten abgenutzt und müssen ausgewechselt werden. Nachteilig ist auch, daß durch die Ventilatorwirkung der Abstreifleisten Luft in den Gipsbrei gedrückt wird.With this mixer, too, gypsum paste with coarser additives gets under the rotor disc. As a result, the wear plates and the scraper strips are worn out and must be replaced. Another disadvantage is that air is pressed into the gypsum slurry by the fan action of the squeegees.

Die Bildung sowie der Austrag von Dihydrat-Teilchen auf das Band mit den negativen Folgen für die Qualität der Gipsplatten und auf den Produktionsablauf werden nicht verhindert; der Gipsbrei kann unterhalb und vor allem ober­halb der Rotorscheibe, die mit Rührstäben versehen ist, zu Dihydrat abbinden. Die Herstellung von Gipsplattenquali­täten, die Schaum, Späne oder Fasern erfordern, ist erschwert.The formation and the discharge of dihydrate particles on the belt with the negative consequences for the quality of the gypsum board and on the production process are not prevented; the gypsum slurry can bind to dihydrate below and especially above the rotor disc, which is provided with stirring bars. The production of plasterboard grades that require foam, chips or fibers is difficult.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Mischer gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zu entwickeln, mit dem gut gemischter Mörtel, insbesondere Gipsbrei, für verschiedene Qualitäten mit geringem Wartungsaufwand kontinuierlich hergestellt werden kann.The invention has for its object to develop a mixer according to the preamble of claim 1, with the well-mixed mortar, in particular gypsum paste, can be continuously produced for different qualities with little maintenance.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die im Kenn­zeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Durch die ringförmige Verengung wird der Strömungswider­stand des von unten zugeführten Wassers derart vergrößert, daß ein gleichmäßiger Wasserfluß durch den kleinen Zwi­schenraum zwischen dem Gehäuseboden und der Rotorscheibe nach außen entsteht. Dieser gleichmäßige Wasserfluß führt zu einer schwimmenden Lagerung der Rotorscheibe und ver­ hindert so völlig das Eindringen von Gipsbrei in den Zwi­schenraum.Due to the annular constriction, the flow resistance of the water supplied from below is increased in such a way that a uniform water flow to the outside is created through the small space between the housing base and the rotor disk. This uniform water flow leads to a floating mounting of the rotor disk and ver completely prevents gypsum pulp from entering the gap.

Das Nachstellen eines Schabers oder Austauschen von Schleißteilen entfällt, ebenso entfällt das Reinigen oder die Reparatur bei verklemmter Rotorscheibe. Der Mischer hat eine wesentlich längere Laufzeit.There is no need to readjust a scraper or replace wear parts, nor to clean or repair if the rotor disc is jammed. The mixer has a much longer operating time.

Der Wartungsaufwand ist erheblich gesenkt.The maintenance effort is significantly reduced.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist außerdem, daß die Menge der Dihydrat-Teilchen, die in den ausgetragenen Gipsbrei gelangen, reduziert ist, wodurch die Qualität der produzierten Gipsplatten verbessert ist.It is also particularly advantageous that the amount of dihydrate particles that get into the discharged gypsum pulp is reduced, which improves the quality of the gypsum boards produced.

Das Merkmal des Anspruchs 2 hat den fertigungstechnischen Vorteil, daß bei einer labyrinthartigen Verengung die engsten Stellen mit geringer Toleranz herzustellen sind, so daß auf einfache Weise ein genügend hoher Strömungswider­stand hergestellt werden kann.The feature of claim 2 has the manufacturing advantage that in the case of a labyrinthine constriction, the narrowest points can be produced with a small tolerance, so that a sufficiently high flow resistance can be produced in a simple manner.

Der Vorteil des Merkmals des Anspruchs 3 ist, daß dem Wasser gleichmäßig Gipspulver zugeführt wird, so daß die Stoffe schon bei der Zufuhr gemischt werden. Durch die kranzförmig angeordneten Wassereinläufe und die unterhalb der Wassereinläufe befindliche konkave Rundung der Rotor­scheibe wird das Wasser gleichmäßig auf der Rotorscheibe zu einem ununterbrochenen, glatten Film, auf den das Gipspulver fällt, verteilt, und dadurch der Mischeffekt verbessert.The advantage of the feature of claim 3 is that gypsum powder is fed evenly to the water, so that the substances are mixed as soon as they are supplied. Due to the ring-shaped water inlets and the concave rounding of the rotor disk located below the water inlets, the water is evenly distributed on the rotor disk to form an uninterrupted, smooth film onto which the gypsum powder falls, thereby improving the mixing effect.

Von großem Vorteil ist, daß die Gipsplatten gleichmäßige Beschaffenheit aufweisen, weil durch die glatte Oberfläche der Rotorscheibe und des Deckels keine Strömungsschatten vorhanden sind und nun weder unterhalb noch auf der Rotor­ scheibe Dihydrat-Teilchen gebildet werden. Unregelmäßig verteilte Schwach- und Schadstellen in den Gipsplatten durch eingeschlossenes Dihydrat und unterschiedlich schnelles Abbinden werden vermieden.It is of great advantage that the gypsum boards have a uniform consistency because the smooth surface of the rotor disk and the cover means that there are no flow shadows and now neither below nor on the rotor disc dihydrate particles are formed. Irregularly distributed weak and damaged areas in the gypsum board due to the enclosed dihydrate and setting at different speeds are avoided.

Außerdem können verschiedene Qualitäten fertiger Gips­platten durch Untermischen von Schaum, Spänen oder langen Fasern hergestellt werden, wobei Schaum das spezifische Gewicht verringert und die Wärmedämmung verbessert und Späne bzw. Fasern die Biegefestigkeit erhöhen. Störungen durch zwischen Stiften festsitzende Späne oder Fasern treten nicht mehr auf, wodurch der Wartungsaufwand weiter reduziert ist.In addition, various qualities of finished gypsum board can be produced by mixing in foam, chips or long fibers, whereby foam reduces the specific weight and improves the thermal insulation and chips or fibers increase the flexural strength. Faults caused by chips or fibers stuck between pins no longer occur, which further reduces maintenance.

Das Merkmal des Anspruchs 4 hat den Vorteil, daß auf der Rotorscheibe kein Rost ansetzt, der das Anhaften und Abbinden des Gipsbreies fördern würde.The feature of claim 4 has the advantage that there is no rust on the rotor disk, which would promote the adhesion and setting of the gypsum paste.

Die Zeichnung dient zur Erläuterung der Erfindung anhand eines vereinfacht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt den Gipsmischer teilweise als Längsschnitt.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt vergrößert die labyrinthartige Verengung.
  • Fig. 3 zeigt den Gehäuseboden bzw. die Rotorscheibe mit der Verzahnung. Pfeil A weist in Drehrichtung der Rotorscheibe und Pfeil B in die Bewegungsrichtung des Bandes.
The drawing serves to explain the invention with reference to an embodiment shown in simplified form.
  • Fig. 1 shows the plaster mixer partially as a longitudinal section.
  • Fig. 2 shows the labyrinthine constriction enlarged.
  • 3 shows the housing base or the rotor disk with the toothing. Arrow A points in the direction of rotation of the rotor disc and arrow B in the direction of movement of the belt.

Der in einem Gestell angeordnete Gipsmischer besteht im wesentlichen aus einem flachen zylindrischen Gehäuse 1, in dem eine um die senkrechte Gehäuseachse 2 drehbare Rotor­scheibe 3 gelagert ist. Ein Motor 4 zum Antrieb der Rotor­scheibe 3 ist oberhalb des Gehäuses 1 angebracht.The plaster mixer arranged in a frame essentially consists of a flat cylindrical housing 1, in which a rotor disk 3 which is rotatable about the vertical housing axis 2 is mounted. A motor 4 for driving the rotor disk 3 is mounted above the housing 1.

Die Rotorscheibe 3 ist aus rostfreiem Stahl hergestellt oder mit einer Schleißplatte aus rostfreiem Material versehen. Sie weist auf der Oberseite in der Umgebung der Achse 2 eine Verdickung, deren Durchmesser etwa ein Drittel des Scheibendurchmessers ist, auf. Der Übergang zwischen der Verdickung und der ebenen äußeren Ringzone weist eine konkave Rundung 5 auf; d.h. der Übergang hat die Form eines Keils, dessen Flanke nach unten durchgebogen ist. Im Be­reich der Ringzone ist die Rotorscheibe 3 auf der Oberseite glatt und völlig frei von Vorsprüngen.The rotor disk 3 is made of stainless steel or provided with a wear plate made of stainless material. It has a thickening on the upper side in the vicinity of axis 2, the diameter of which is approximately one third of the disk diameter. The transition between the thickening and the flat outer ring zone has a concave curve 5; i.e. the transition has the shape of a wedge, the flank of which is bent downwards. In the area of the ring zone, the rotor disk 3 is smooth on the top and completely free of projections.

An ihrem Rand ist die Rotorscheibe 3 mit einer groben Ver­zahnung 6 versehen. Die Zahnflanken in Drehrichtung (Z.B. Rechtsflanken bei Drehung im Uhrzeigersinn in Fig. 3) bilden einen spitzen Winkel zur Waagerechten. Die Zahn­spitzen reichen bis nah an die zylindrische Gehäusewand.At its edge, the rotor disk 3 is provided with coarse teeth 6. The tooth flanks in the direction of rotation (e.g. right flanks when turning clockwise in Fig. 3) form an acute angle to the horizontal. The tooth tips extend close to the cylindrical housing wall.

Oberhalb der Rotorscheibe 3 unter dem Gehäusedeckel 7 sind in der Mitte stabförmige bis nah an die Gehäusewand rei­chende Schaber 8 gelagert, die mittels eines separaten An­triebs 9 um die Gehäuseachse 2 drehbar sind.Above the rotor disk 3 under the housing cover 7, rod-shaped scrapers 8 are mounted in the middle that extend close to the housing wall and can be rotated about the housing axis 2 by means of a separate drive 9.

Im Gehäusedeckel 7 sind in der Nähe der Achse 2 über der Rundung 5 zwölf mit Dosiereinrichtungen versehene Wasser­einläufe 10 in gleichmäßigen Winkelabständen verteilt. In einem etwas größeren Abstand von der Achse 2 befinden sich im Gehäusedeckel 7 ein Einlaß 11 für das Gipspulver und ggf. in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Einlässe für Zusätze (Fasern, Späne), eine Schaumzufuhr 12 und eine in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Entlüftung.In the housing cover 7 in the vicinity of the axis 2 over the curve 5 twelve water inlets 10 provided with metering devices are distributed at uniform angular intervals. At a somewhat greater distance from the axis 2 there is an inlet 11 for the gypsum powder in the housing cover 7 and inlets (not shown in the drawing) for additives (fibers, chips), a foam feed 12 and a vent not shown in the drawing.

Der Gehäusedeckel 7 ist auf seiner Unterseite ebenso wie die Oberseite der Rotorscheibe 3 von Stiften und sonstigen vorspringenden Teilen völlig frei.The housing cover 7 is completely free of pins and other projecting parts on its underside as well as the top of the rotor disk 3.

Im Gehäuseboden 13 sind in Randnähe unterhalb der Ver­zahnung 6 auf einem Halbkreis vier Auslässe 14 für den Gipsbrei verteilt. Im Gehäuseboden 13 befindet sich eine mit einer Dosiereinrichtung versehene Wasserzuleitung 15, die unter einem Druck von 3 bar steht. Der Abstand der Wasserzuleitung 15 von der Achse 2 ist kleiner als der Radius des von der Verzahnung 6 der Rotorscheibe 3 begrenzten Bereichs.In the housing base 13, four outlets 14 for the gypsum slurry are distributed on a semicircle near the edge below the teeth 6. In the housing base 13 there is a water supply line 15 provided with a metering device, which is under a pressure of 3 bar. The distance of the water supply line 15 from the axis 2 is smaller than the radius of the area delimited by the toothing 6 of the rotor disk 3.

Der kleine Zwischenraum zwischen dem Gehäuseboden 13 und der Rotorscheibe 3 ist zur Achse 2 hin mit einer Stopf­buchse 16 abgedichtet und weist zum Rand hin eine laby­rinthartige Verengung 17 auf, die den Bereich umschließt, in dem die Wasserzuleitung 15 angeschlossen ist. Der Ge­häuseboden 13 ist, abgesehen von den vier Auslässen 14 und der Öffnung für die Wasserzuleitung 15, völlig frei von Öffnungen.The small space between the housing base 13 and the rotor disk 3 is sealed off from the axis 2 with a stuffing box 16 and has a labyrinthine constriction 17 towards the edge, which encloses the area in which the water supply line 15 is connected. Apart from the four outlets 14 and the opening for the water supply line 15, the housing base 13 is completely free of openings.

Die Verengung 17 wird von einer Ringnut 18 im Gehäuse­boden 13 und einem in diese Ringnut 18 eintauchenden Ring 19 an der Unterseite der Rotorscheibe 3 gebildet. Der eintauchende Ring 19 befindet sich am Rand der Rotorscheibe 3 innerhalb der Verzahnung 6. Die engsten Stellen der Verengung 17 sind die seitlichen Abstände 20 zwischen Ringnut 18 und Ring 19.The constriction 17 is formed by an annular groove 18 in the housing base 13 and a ring 19 immersed in this annular groove 18 on the underside of the rotor disk 3. The immersed ring 19 is located on the edge of the rotor disk 3 within the toothing 6. The narrowest points of the constriction 17 are the lateral distances 20 between the ring groove 18 and the ring 19.

Im Betrieb werden von oben auf die Rotorscheibe 3 feste und flüssige Stoffe und ggf. wässriger Schaum zugegeben. Die gleichmäßig verteilten Wassereinläufe 10 und die Rundung 5 führen zu einem ununterbrochenen, glatten Film, auf den das Gipspulver fällt, und dadurch zu einer ersten Mischung der zugeführten Stoffe. Die Stoffe werden durch die Zentri­fugalkraft nach außen befördert und durch die mit schrägen Flanken versehene Verzahnung 6 und die mit etwas niedri­gerer Drehzahl als die Rotorscheibe 3 angetriebenen Schaber 8 (Drehzahl der Scheibe 3 Z.B. 291 Upm, Drehzahl der Schaber 8 z.B. 264 Upm) gleichmäßig weiter vermischt. Der entstandene Gipsbrei fließt unterhalb der Verzahnung 6 durch die Ausläufe 14 auf das Band.In operation, 3 solid and liquid substances and possibly aqueous foam are added to the rotor disk from above. The evenly distributed water inlets 10 and the curve 5 lead to an uninterrupted, smooth film onto which the gypsum powder falls, and thereby to a first mixture of the substances supplied. The substances are conveyed outwards by the centrifugal force and through the toothing 6 provided with inclined flanks and the scrapers driven at a somewhat lower speed than the rotor disk 3 8 (speed of the disc 3 eg 291 rpm, speed of the scraper 8 eg 264 rpm) evenly mixed further. The resulting gypsum slurry flows below the teeth 6 through the outlets 14 onto the belt.

7 % des Anmachwassers wird durch die dosierbare Wasserzu­leitung 15 von unten zugeführt. Dieses Wasser strömt nach außen und wird durch die labyrinthartige Verengung 17 gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt und hinter der Ver­engung 17 mit dem Gipsbrei vermischt. Die labyrinthartige Verengung 17 erhöht den Strömungswiderstand des Wassers derart, daß die Rotorscheibe 3 schwimmend gelagert ist. Das nach außen strömende Wasser verhindert völlig, daß Gipsbrei unter die Rotorscheibe 3 gelangt.7% of the mixing water is supplied from below through the meterable water supply line 15. This water flows outwards and is distributed evenly over the circumference by the labyrinthine constriction 17 and mixed with the gypsum paste behind the constriction 17. The labyrinthine constriction 17 increases the flow resistance of the water in such a way that the rotor disk 3 is floating. The water flowing out completely prevents gypsum pulp from getting under the rotor disk 3.

Betriebserfahrungen haben gezeigt, daß der Stromverbrauch deutlich niedriger ist als bei herkömmlichen Mischern; das gilt insbesondere bei der Verarbeitung von faserhaltigem Material. Der Brei ist praktisch vollkommen frei von Luft­blasen. Die Konsistenz des Breis ist bei allen vier Aus­lässen 14 gleich. Die Wartungsintervalle können um ein Mehrfaches verlängert werden; die einzigen Verschleißteile sind die Schaber 8.Operating experience has shown that the power consumption is significantly lower than with conventional mixers; this applies in particular to the processing of fibrous material. The porridge is practically completely free of air bubbles. The consistency of the pulp is the same for all four outlets 14. The maintenance intervals can be extended several times; the only wear parts are the scrapers 8.

Der Mischer eignet sich auch zur kontinuierlichen Her­stellung von Kalkmörtel zum Verputzen großer Flächen, ebenso zur Herstellung von Kunststoffmörtel und Mörtel auf Zement- oder Kalkbasis für die Fertigteilproduktion.The mixer is also suitable for the continuous production of lime mortar for plastering large areas, as well as for the production of plastic mortar and mortar based on cement or lime for the production of precast elements.

Claims (4)

1. Mischer mit einem zylindrischen Gehäuse, mit einer um die senkrechte Gehäuseachse drehbaren Rotorscheibe, die an ihrem Rand eine grobe Verzahnung aufweist, im Gehäuse,
mit mindestens einem Wassereinlauf und mindestens einem Einlaß für feste Stoffe im Gehäusedeckel und mit mindestens einem Auslauf für den Gipsbrei in Randnähe im Gehäuseboden unterhalb der Verzahnung der Rotor­scheibe, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens eine dosier­bare Wasserzuleitung (15) innerhalb des von der Ver­zahnung (6) der Rotorscheibe (3) begrenzten Bereichs im Gehäuseboden (13) und eine zwischen der Wasserzuleitung (15) und des von der Verzahnung (6) der Rotorscheibe (3) begrenzten Bereichs angebrachte ringförmige Ver­engung (17) des kleinen Zwischenraums zwischen dem Gehäuseboden (13) und der Rotorscheibe (3).1. mixer with a cylindrical housing, with a rotor disc which can be rotated about the vertical housing axis and has coarse teeth on its edge, in the housing,
With at least one water inlet and at least one inlet for solid substances in the housing cover and with at least one outlet for the gypsum paste in the vicinity of the edge in the housing base below the teeth of the rotor disk, characterized by at least one meterable water supply line (15) within that of the teeth (6) of the rotor disk (3) limited area in the housing base (13) and an annular constriction (17) between the water supply line (15) and the area delimited by the toothing (6) of the rotor disc (3) of the small space between the housing base (13) and the Rotor disc (3). 2. Mischer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verengung (17) labyrinthartig ausgeführt ist.2. Mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the constriction (17) is designed like a labyrinth. 3. Mischer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Wassereinläufe (10) kranzförmig um die Achse (2) angeordnet sind und die Rotorscheibe (3) in der Umgebung der Achse (2) eine Verdickung, die unter den Wassereinläufen (10) in Form einer konkaven Rundung (5) in eine äußere Ringzone übergeht, aufweist.3. Mixer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of water inlets (10) are arranged in a ring around the axis (2) and the rotor disc (3) in the vicinity of the axis (2) a thickening, which under the water inlets (10 ) in the form of a concave curve (5) passes into an outer ring zone. 4. Mischer nach Anspruch 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rotorscheibe (3) aus rostfreiem Stahl hergstellt ist oder mit einer Schleißplatte aus rostfreiem Stahl versehen ist.4. Mixer according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotor disc (3) is made of stainless steel or is provided with a wear plate made of stainless steel.
EP88111388A 1987-09-02 1988-07-15 Mixer for making mortar consisting of granular binding agents, in particular plaster Expired - Lifetime EP0305707B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88111388T ATE68398T1 (en) 1987-09-02 1988-07-15 MIXER FOR MAKING MORTAR FROM FINE GRAIN BINDERS, ESPECIALLY PLASTER.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3729233 1987-09-02
DE8711865U 1987-09-02
DE3729233A DE3729233C1 (en) 1987-09-02 1987-09-02 Continuous gypsum mixer
DE8711865U DE8711865U1 (en) 1987-09-02 1987-09-02 Continuous plaster mixer

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EP0305707A2 true EP0305707A2 (en) 1989-03-08
EP0305707A3 EP0305707A3 (en) 1990-10-31
EP0305707B1 EP0305707B1 (en) 1991-10-16

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US (1) US4995729A (en)
EP (1) EP0305707B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE68398T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3865603D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2026972T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3003341T3 (en)

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US6376558B1 (en) 2000-01-06 2002-04-23 Babcock-Bsh Gmbh Method of producing a porous paste, especially a porous plaster slurry, and a mixer for preparing such paste or slurry

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JP3273927B2 (en) 1999-03-19 2002-04-15 吉野石膏株式会社 Mixing stirrer
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US7718019B2 (en) * 2005-04-27 2010-05-18 United States Gypsum Company Methods of and systems for preparing a heat resistant accelerant slurry and adding the accelerant slurry to a post-mixer aqueous dispersion of calcined gypsum
US8016960B2 (en) * 2005-04-27 2011-09-13 United States Gypsum Company Methods of and systems for adding a high viscosity gypsum additive to a post-mixer aqueous dispersion of calcined gypsum
US10537863B2 (en) 2015-12-31 2020-01-21 United States Gypsum Company Constrictor valve with webbing, cementitious slurry mixing and dispensing assembly, and method for making cementitious product
AU2020258178B2 (en) * 2019-04-15 2022-10-20 Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd. Pretreatment mixing stirrer, gypsum slurry manufacturing device, construction surface material manufacturing device, pretreatment calcined gypsum manufacturing method, gypsum slurry manufacturing method, construction surface material manufacturing method

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3865603D1 (en) 1991-11-21
US4995729A (en) 1991-02-26
GR3003341T3 (en) 1993-02-17
ATE68398T1 (en) 1991-11-15
EP0305707A3 (en) 1990-10-31
ES2026972T3 (en) 1992-05-16
EP0305707B1 (en) 1991-10-16

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