EP0305344A1 - Schaltung zum Ansteuern von induktiven Lasten, insbesondere zum Antreiben von Elektro-Einspritzventilen eines Dieselmotors - Google Patents

Schaltung zum Ansteuern von induktiven Lasten, insbesondere zum Antreiben von Elektro-Einspritzventilen eines Dieselmotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0305344A1
EP0305344A1 EP88830336A EP88830336A EP0305344A1 EP 0305344 A1 EP0305344 A1 EP 0305344A1 EP 88830336 A EP88830336 A EP 88830336A EP 88830336 A EP88830336 A EP 88830336A EP 0305344 A1 EP0305344 A1 EP 0305344A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
supply
load
current
capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88830336A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0305344B1 (de
Inventor
Marco Calfus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marelli Europe SpA
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Marelli Autronica SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marelli Autronica SpA filed Critical Marelli Autronica SpA
Priority to AT88830336T priority Critical patent/ATE71186T1/de
Publication of EP0305344A1 publication Critical patent/EP0305344A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0305344B1 publication Critical patent/EP0305344B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/2003—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening
    • F02D2041/2006—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening by using a boost capacitor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/2003—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening
    • F02D2041/201—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening by using a boost inductance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit for the piloting of inductive loads, and particularly for the control of the electro-injectors of a diesel-cycle internal combustion engine.
  • the subject of the invention is a circuit comprising: an input for connection to a low-tension supply, a storage coil for storing energy delivered by the supply, and electronic switching means for controlling the connection between the input, the storage coil and the loads in a predetermined manner to achieve a rapid transfer of current to each of the loads selectively.
  • a circuit of this type is described in Italian patent application No. 67953-A/85.
  • This known circuit comprises a plurality of branch circuits, in each of which a capacitor is connected in parallel with an inductive load and forms a resonant circuit with the load.
  • the rapid transfer of current to each of the loads is achieved by first storing energy delivered by the supply to the storage coil and then connecting the storage coil to the resonant circuit including the load to be activated.
  • Solenoids for operating the electro-injectors for diesel engines represent non-linear inductive loads of relatively small inductance. Consequently, with the known circuit described above, it is only possible to transfer sufficient energy to such loads if capacitors of good quality and high capacitance, which are therefore bulky and expensive, are used in parallel with the loads.
  • An object of the present invention is to produce a circuit for controlling inductive loads of the type defined above, which enables a large amount of energy to be transferred rapidly to the load selected from time to time, without requiring the use of a plurality of large and expensive capacitors.
  • this object is achieved by means of a circuit of the type specified above, whose main characteristic lies in the fact that it also includes: a capacitor arranged in parallel with the branch circuits containing the loads, and connected to the storage coil and the electronic switching means, and an electronic control unit for piloting the electronic switching means in a first operative mode in which, to transfer current to one of the loads, the switching means, after having connected the storage coil to the supply, connect the coil to the capacitor so as to form a resonant circuit and then discharge the resonant circuit into the load.
  • a capacitor may be connected in parallel with each load to enable the current to be cancelled out rapidly when the load is deactivated.
  • this capacitor is represented by the same large-capacitance capacitor used for the transfer of current to the load.
  • any quenching capacitor connected in parallel with each load has a much smaller capacitance than that of the capacitor used for transferring current to the load selected from time to time.
  • the supply is typically constituted by the battery of the motor vehicle.
  • this battery is unable to deliver a sufficiently high current for the piloting circuit to be able to energise the electro-injectors in the desired manner. This may occur, for example, when the battery is not sufficiently charged or when, for various reasons, the impedance "felt" by the battery is unusually high. In such a situation, the prior-art circuit described above is unable to pilot the electro-injectors in a satisfactory manner.
  • a further object of the present invention is to produce a circuit of the type specified above which is able to ensure the correct functioning of the electro-injectors even when the supply is unable to deliver a current of sufficiently high intensity.
  • circuit of the type specified above characterised in that it also includes sensor means for supplying electrical signals indicative of the current delivered by the supply, and in that the electronic control unit is connected to the sensor means and is arranged to pilot the electronic switching means in the first operative mode and in a second operative mode when the current delivered by the supply is greater than and less than a predetermined level, respectively, the control unit being able, in the second operative mode, to cause the connection of the capacitor to the supply through voltage-boosting means, so as to charge the capacitor to a predetermined voltage level which is greater than the supply voltage, and then the discharge of the energy stored in the capacitor to the load selected from time to time.
  • a circuit according to the invention for the piloting of a plurality of inductive loads L i comprises an input terminal 1 connected in use to a low-tension, direct-voltage supply V B , such as a battery.
  • the inductive loads L i may represent the solenoids for operating the electro-­injectors of a diesel engine for a motor vehicle.
  • the supply V B is constituted by the battery of the motor vehicle.
  • a storage coil, indicated L1 can be connected to the input terminal 1 through a controlled electronic switch, generally indicated SW1, which is open at rest.
  • the switch SW1 has been shown as an interrupter with which a diode D1 is connected in parallel.
  • This switch may be be be constituted, for example, by an integrated MOSFET-type transistor, and in that case the diode D1 is constituted by its parasitic diode.
  • a diode whose anode is connected to earth and whose cathode is connected between the storage coil L1 and the controlled switch SW1 is indicated R1.
  • a further controlled switch SW2, similar to SW1 is connected between L1 and earth in the manner illustrated.
  • L1 is connected to a first terminal of a capacitor C whose other terminal is connected to earth.
  • a plurality of branch circuits is connected in parallel with C and each includes an inductive load L i in series with which a controlled electronic switch SW i of a similar type to SW1 and SW2 is connected.
  • a respective capacitor C i may be connected in parallel with each load L i for quenching it, that is, for rapidly cancelling out the current in the corresponding load L i when the latter is deactivated.
  • a resistor and a capacitor, indicated R c and C c , are connected in parallel with each other between the earth and a junction N to which are connected the cathodes of diodes D c , each of which has its anode connected between a load L i and the associated controlled switch SW i .
  • the diodes D c together form an OR-type circuit.
  • a further controlled switch SW4 is connected between the junction N and the input 1.
  • An electronic control unit produced in known manner is indicated ECU and comprises, for example, a microprocessor unit and input/output interface circuits.
  • the unit ECU has a series of inputs connected to the earth of the circuit described above, to the positive pole of the supply V B , and to a sensor S which is adapted to provide electrical signals indicative of the current flowing in the storage coil L1 during operation.
  • the sensor S may be constituted, for example, by a Hall-effect sensor.
  • the non-earth terminal of the capacitor C may be connected to the unit ECU for detecting the current flowing in L1: the voltage established across the terminals of C at particular stages of operation is related to the intensity of the current flowing in L1.
  • a further alternative solution for the detection of the current flowing in L1 could be constituted, for example, by a shunt resistor connected in series with L1 and connected to the ECU.
  • the unit ECU has a plurality of outputs connected in order to the control inputs of the switches SW1, SW2, SW3 and SW i .
  • the unit ECU may be provided with further electrical input signals, such as, for example, the rate of revolution of the engine, etc.
  • Figure 3 shows the states of SW1, SW2 and of the switch SW i associated with the load L i to be energised, and the traces of the current I L1 in the storage coil, of the voltage V C across the capacitor C and of the current I Li in the load.
  • the unit ECU causes the switches SW1 and SW2 to close at a time t O . All the other switches remain open. In this condition, an increasing current flows in the storage coil L1, as shown in Figure 3.
  • SW1 and SW2 are opened, whilst the switch SW i associated with the load to be energised is closed.
  • the storage inductor L1 is disconnected from the supply but is connected to the capacitor C with which it forms a resonant circuit.
  • This resonant circuit is discharged to the load L i associated with the switch SW i which is closed.
  • the current I Li decays in the manner illustrated, whilst the voltage across the capacitor C(i) increases and then decreases until it reaches zero at a time t2.
  • the current in the selected load therefore increases from the time t1 until it reaches a maximum value at the time t2, and then starts to decay, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the unit ECU may be arranged to cause successive openings and closings of SW1 after the time t2, with resultant "chopping" of the current I Li , as shown by the broken line in Figure 3.
  • control unit ECU may be arranged to detect the intensity of the current which can be delivered by the supply. This may be achieved by the acquisition of the signals provided by the sensor S, or by the reading of the voltage across C when SW1 and SW2 are open, or even by the reading of the voltage across a shunt resistor arranged in series with the storage coil L1.
  • the unit ECU can also determine (and possibly signal for diagnostic purposes) whether the inadequacy of the current is due to a low charge level of the supply or to an anomaly in the circuitry connected to the supply, by reading the voltage V B of the supply.
  • the unit ECU when the unit ECU detects that the current which can be delivered by the supply is less than a predetermined threshold, it puts into operation a second procedure for the transfer of current to the load L i selected from time to time.
  • the unit ECU causes successive simultaneous closures of SW1 and SW2, as indicated at the times t0, t2 and t4 in Figure 4.
  • the switches SW3 and SW i are kept open.
  • the first operating mode of the circuit of Figure 1, described with reference to Figure 3, is preferable since it is more convenient from an energy point of view. However, this operating mode is only possible if the supply is able to deliver sufficent current. When this does not occur, the circuit according to the invention nevertheless enables a rapid injection of current to the loads to be achieved by the charging and subsequent discharging of the capacitor C, as described with reference to Figure 4.
  • the charging of C obviously takes a certain time, which depends on the intensity of the current which can be delivered by the supply.
  • the unit ECU is correpsondingly programmed to start the charging of C correspondingly in advance of the time (t6 in Figure 4) at which the passage of current to the selected load must be triggered.
  • the circuit of Figure 1 requires a single large-capacitance capacitor (the capacitor C) which is used for the injection of the current to the loads L i in a predetermined sequential order actuated by the unit ECU by means of corresponding sequential piloting of the switches SW i .
  • Capacitors C i of considerably smaller capacitance are consequently sufficient to achieve any final inversion of the current in the loads.
  • the "clamping" circuit described above also enables the partial recovery of the reactive energy of the load which is excited from time to time, enabling this energy to be recycled towards the supply V B .
  • This energy recovery takes place essentially each time a switch SW i is opened after the injection of current to the associated load L. This can occur essentially in three circumstances, that is, when the current in the load L i is changed from the maximum level to the holding level (section c of the ideal curve of Figure 2), when the current in the load is quenched (section e of Figure 2) and, although to a lesser extent, during the stages when the current in the load is being chopped, such as, for example, those described with reference to Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 shows examples of the traces of the current I i in a load and of the voltage V c across the clamping capacitor, and the corresponding stages of the switch SW i associated with the load in question and of the switch SW3.
  • the unit ECU When the current I H is reached in the load (a condition which can be detected by the unit ECU, for example, by means of a further Hall-effect sensor associated with L i ) at the time t1, the unit ECU causes the switch SW i which was previously been opened, to close again and opens SW3. In these conditions, the clamping capacitor remains charged at the voltage to which it has previously been brought.
  • This characteristic may be of considerable interest for applications of the circuit according to the invention in the automotive field, particularly in motor cars provided with batteries and/or with relatively low power-recharging systems.
  • resistors each connected in parallel with a diode D c , may be provided in place of R c .
  • circuit according to the invention are, for example, for controlling the relays which scan the punched cards or tapes in Jacquard-type textile machines, for controlling the electro-injectors of an Otto-cycle engine, for controlling the printing heads of matrix printers, etc.
EP88830336A 1987-08-25 1988-08-02 Schaltung zum Ansteuern von induktiven Lasten, insbesondere zum Antreiben von Elektro-Einspritzventilen eines Dieselmotors Expired - Lifetime EP0305344B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88830336T ATE71186T1 (de) 1987-08-25 1988-08-02 Schaltung zum ansteuern von induktiven lasten, insbesondere zum antreiben von elektroeinspritzventilen eines dieselmotors.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT67730/87A IT1217171B (it) 1987-08-25 1987-08-25 Circuito per il pilotaggio di carichi induttivi in particolare per il comando degli elettroiniettori di un motore a combustione interna a ciclo diesel
IT6773087 1987-08-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0305344A1 true EP0305344A1 (de) 1989-03-01
EP0305344B1 EP0305344B1 (de) 1992-01-02

Family

ID=11304846

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88830336A Expired - Lifetime EP0305344B1 (de) 1987-08-25 1988-08-02 Schaltung zum Ansteuern von induktiven Lasten, insbesondere zum Antreiben von Elektro-Einspritzventilen eines Dieselmotors

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0305344B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2831359B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE71186T1 (de)
BR (1) BR8804357A (de)
DE (1) DE3867384D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2027420T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3003510T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1217171B (de)
PT (1) PT88331B (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0464443A1 (de) * 1990-06-18 1992-01-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Steuervorrichtung für ein piezoelektrisches Element
WO1995014162A1 (en) * 1993-11-19 1995-05-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Internal combustion engine fuel injector control system
GB2305561A (en) * 1995-09-23 1997-04-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Control of electromagnetic valves
FR2766005A1 (fr) * 1997-07-09 1999-01-15 Magneti Marelli France Circuit de commande de puissance, pour actionneur electro-magnetique tel qu'injecteur ou electro-vanne
FR2777042A1 (fr) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-08 Siemens Ag Dispositif de commande pour systeme d'injection de carburant
FR2778785A1 (fr) * 1998-05-14 1999-11-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Procede et dispositif pour commander un utilisateur electromagnetique
EP0985814A2 (de) * 1998-07-28 2000-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung wenigstens eines Magnetventils
FR2795771A1 (fr) * 1999-05-15 2001-01-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Procede et circuit de commande d'un injecteur electromagnetique a haute pression a double bobine pour l'injection de carburant
WO2001061175A1 (de) * 2000-02-19 2001-08-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum speichern und/oder auslesen von daten eines kraftstoffzumesssystems
EP1286034A1 (de) * 2001-08-16 2003-02-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern eines Magnetventils
EP1473453A2 (de) * 2000-08-04 2004-11-03 Magneti Marelli Powertrain Spa Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Injektors in einer Brennkraftmaschine
WO2009133399A2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-11-05 Mobilizer Limited A system for and method of degrading or analysing the performance of an internal combustion engine

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3896346A (en) * 1972-11-21 1975-07-22 Electronic Camshaft Corp High speed electromagnet control circuit
EP0034076A2 (de) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-19 The Bendix Corporation System zur Steuerung eines Solenoiden
FR2533263A1 (fr) * 1982-09-16 1984-03-23 Renault Dispositif de commande d'organes electromagnetiques a actionnement rapide, tels qu'electrovannes ou injecteurs pour moteurs a combustion interne
EP0106743A2 (de) * 1982-09-27 1984-04-25 AlliedSignal Inc. Schaltertyp-Schaltung für Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
FR2538942A1 (fr) * 1982-12-29 1984-07-06 Renault Dispositif de commande d'organe(s) electromagnetique(s) a actionnement rapide, tel(s) qu'electrovanne(s) ou injecteur(s)
DE3324937A1 (de) * 1983-07-11 1985-01-31 Magnet-Motor GmbH, 8130 Starnberg Geregelte stromversorgungseinheit
GB2182815A (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-20 Iveco Fiat Inductive load switching circuit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5976170A (ja) * 1982-10-21 1984-05-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corp チヨツパ装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3896346A (en) * 1972-11-21 1975-07-22 Electronic Camshaft Corp High speed electromagnet control circuit
EP0034076A2 (de) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-19 The Bendix Corporation System zur Steuerung eines Solenoiden
FR2533263A1 (fr) * 1982-09-16 1984-03-23 Renault Dispositif de commande d'organes electromagnetiques a actionnement rapide, tels qu'electrovannes ou injecteurs pour moteurs a combustion interne
EP0106743A2 (de) * 1982-09-27 1984-04-25 AlliedSignal Inc. Schaltertyp-Schaltung für Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
FR2538942A1 (fr) * 1982-12-29 1984-07-06 Renault Dispositif de commande d'organe(s) electromagnetique(s) a actionnement rapide, tel(s) qu'electrovanne(s) ou injecteur(s)
DE3324937A1 (de) * 1983-07-11 1985-01-31 Magnet-Motor GmbH, 8130 Starnberg Geregelte stromversorgungseinheit
GB2182815A (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-20 Iveco Fiat Inductive load switching circuit

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0464443A1 (de) * 1990-06-18 1992-01-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Steuervorrichtung für ein piezoelektrisches Element
US5204576A (en) * 1990-06-18 1993-04-20 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Device for driving a piezoelectric element
WO1995014162A1 (en) * 1993-11-19 1995-05-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Internal combustion engine fuel injector control system
GB2305561A (en) * 1995-09-23 1997-04-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Control of electromagnetic valves
GB2305561B (en) * 1995-09-23 1997-12-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for and method of controlling electromagnetic loads
US5907466A (en) * 1995-09-23 1999-05-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device and process for activating at least two electromagnetic loads
FR2766005A1 (fr) * 1997-07-09 1999-01-15 Magneti Marelli France Circuit de commande de puissance, pour actionneur electro-magnetique tel qu'injecteur ou electro-vanne
WO1999002834A1 (fr) * 1997-07-09 1999-01-21 Magneti Marelli France Circuit de commande de puissance, pour actionneur electromagnetique tel qu'injecteur ou electrovanne
FR2777042A1 (fr) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-08 Siemens Ag Dispositif de commande pour systeme d'injection de carburant
FR2778785A1 (fr) * 1998-05-14 1999-11-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Procede et dispositif pour commander un utilisateur electromagnetique
EP0985814A2 (de) * 1998-07-28 2000-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung wenigstens eines Magnetventils
EP0985814A3 (de) * 1998-07-28 2001-03-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung wenigstens eines Magnetventils
FR2795771A1 (fr) * 1999-05-15 2001-01-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Procede et circuit de commande d'un injecteur electromagnetique a haute pression a double bobine pour l'injection de carburant
WO2001061175A1 (de) * 2000-02-19 2001-08-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum speichern und/oder auslesen von daten eines kraftstoffzumesssystems
US6973920B2 (en) 2000-02-19 2005-12-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for storing and/or reading out data of a fuel metering system
EP1473453A2 (de) * 2000-08-04 2004-11-03 Magneti Marelli Powertrain Spa Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Injektors in einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP1473453B1 (de) * 2000-08-04 2006-06-14 Magneti Marelli Powertrain S.p.A. Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Injektors in einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP1286034A1 (de) * 2001-08-16 2003-02-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern eines Magnetventils
WO2009133399A2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-11-05 Mobilizer Limited A system for and method of degrading or analysing the performance of an internal combustion engine
WO2009133399A3 (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-12-23 Mobilizer Limited A system for and method of degrading or analysing the performance of an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2831359B2 (ja) 1998-12-02
GR3003510T3 (de) 1993-03-16
IT8767730A0 (it) 1987-08-25
PT88331A (pt) 1989-06-30
DE3867384D1 (de) 1992-02-13
JPS6474064A (en) 1989-03-20
EP0305344B1 (de) 1992-01-02
ES2027420T3 (es) 1992-06-01
BR8804357A (pt) 1989-03-21
IT1217171B (it) 1990-03-14
ATE71186T1 (de) 1992-01-15
PT88331B (pt) 1993-12-31

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